Patent Application
20240284331
The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatuses and computer programs for measurements to support a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS.
The following description of background art may include insights, discoveries, understandings or disclosures, or associations, together with disclosures not known to the relevant prior art, to at least some examples of embodiments of the present disclosure but provided by the disclosure. Some of such contributions of the disclosure may be specifically pointed out below, whereas other of such contributions of the disclosure will be apparent from the related context.
In the last years, an increasing extension of communication networks, e.g. of wire based communication networks, such as the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless communication networks, such as the cdma2000 (code division multiple access) system, cellular 3rd generation (3G) like the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), fourth generation (4G) communication networks or enhanced communication networks based e.g. on Long Term Evolution (LTE) or Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A), fifth generation (5G) and/or even sixth generation (6G) communication networks, cellular 2nd generation (2G) communication networks like the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), the General Packet Radio System (GPRS), the Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution (EDGE), or other wireless communication system, such as the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Bluetooth or Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), took place all over the world. Various organizations, such as the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Telecoms & Internet converged Services & Protocols for Advanced Networks (TISPAN), the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2), Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), the WiMAX Forum and the like are working on standards or specifications for telecommunication network and access environments.
In such context, there are aims to reduce the power consumption of user equipment (UE) types such as sensors, actuators and wearables, that require a long battery life. Several methods already exist to improve power consumption already specified, for example, Extended Discontinuous Reception (eDRX), which extends the period that the UE sleeps between waking up to monitor for paging. However, some UEs requiring reduced power consumption are also latency sensitive, e.g. sensors for fire detection and extinguishing, and therefore the eDRX solution is not applicable, because it leads to long communication delay.
The wake-up (or WakeUp) signal (WUS) principle, if configured appropriately, enables the network to trigger a UE to wake-up exactly when needed in an event-driven manner, by transmitting a special WUS which is monitored by a dedicated low-power WUS receiver of the UE, thereby avoiding the delays associated with eDRX. When a UE receives the WUS, the logically separated WUS receiver can wake-up the main New Radio (NR) transceiver and normal communication can start.
The WUS receiver is expected to consume significantly less power, compared to the main NR transceiver, by using a simple (WUS) signal that can be detected using dedicated hardware optimized for low power consumption.
However, given the need to be as simple as possible to reduce the power consumption of the dedicated low power WUS (LP-WUS) receiver, there is an increased risk, that a network, and/or device, could be maliciously attacked by an entity transmitting fake clone LP-WUS signals.
Thus, there is need for improvement. Particularly, there is need for improvement in measurements to support a LP-WUS.
It is therefore an object of the present disclosure to improve the prior art.
The following meanings for the abbreviations used in this specification apply:
It is an objective of various examples of embodiments of the present disclosure to improve the prior art. Hence, at least some examples of embodiments of the present disclosure aim at addressing at least part of the above issues and/or problems and drawbacks.
Various aspects of examples of embodiments of the present disclosure are set out in the appended claims and relate to methods, apparatuses and computer program products relating to improvement in measurements to support a LP-WUS.
The objective is achieved by the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory storage media as specified in the appended claims. Advantageous further developments are set out in respective dependent claims.
Any one of the aspects mentioned according to the appended claims enables an improvement in measurements to support a LP-WUS, thereby allowing to solve at least part of the problems and drawbacks as identified/derivable from above.
Thus, improvement is achieved by methods, apparatuses and computer program products enabling improvement in measurements to support a LP-WUS.
It shall be noted that uses for the WUS include:
In relation to uses for WUS, some objectives are the following:
The present disclosure is related to objective d), which targets the study and evaluation of procedural changes to support the LP-WUS.
Further advantages become apparent from the following detailed description.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure are described below, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Basically, for properly establishing and handling a communication between two or more end points (e.g. communication stations or elements or functions, such as terminal devices, user equipments (UEs), or other communication network elements, a database, a server, host etc.), one or more network elements or functions (e.g. virtualized network functions), such as communication network control elements or functions, for example access network elements like access points (APs), radio base stations (BSs), relay stations, eNBs, gNBs etc., and core network elements or functions, for example control nodes, support nodes, service nodes, gateways, user plane functions, access and mobility functions etc., may be involved, which may belong to one communication network system or different communication network systems.
In the following, different exemplifying embodiments will be described using, as an example of a communication network to which examples of embodiments may be applied, a communication network architecture based on 3GPP standards for a communication network, such as a 5G/NR, without restricting the embodiments to such an architecture, however. It is obvious for a person skilled in the art that the embodiments may also be applied to other kinds of communication networks like 4G and/or LTE (and even 6G) where mobile communication principles are integrated, e.g. Wi-Fi, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), Bluetooth®, personal communications services (PCS), ZigBee®, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), systems using ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs), wired access, etc. Furthermore, without loss of generality, the description of some examples of embodiments is related to a mobile communication network, but principles of the disclosure can be extended and applied to any other type of communication network, like e.g. 6G communication networks (technologies) and/or communication networks (technologies) to be developed at an even later date, such as a wired communication network or datacenter networking.
The following examples and embodiments are to be understood only as illustrative examples. Although the specification may refer to “an”, “one”, or “some” example(s) or embodiment(s) in several locations, this does not necessarily mean that each such reference is related to the same example(s) or embodiment(s), or that the feature only applies to a single example or embodiment. Single features of different embodiments may also be combined to provide other embodiments. Furthermore, terms like “comprising” and “including” should be understood as not limiting the described embodiments to consist of only those features that have been mentioned; such examples and embodiments may also contain features, structures, units, modules etc. that have not been specifically mentioned.
A basic system architecture of a (tele)communication network including a mobile communication system where some examples of embodiments are applicable may include an architecture of one or more communication networks including wireless access network subsystem(s) and core network(s). Such an architecture may include one or more communication network control elements or functions, access network elements, radio access network elements, access service network gateways or base transceiver stations, such as a base station (BS), an access point (AP), a NodeB (NB), an eNB or a gNB, a distributed or a centralized unit (CU), which controls a respective coverage area or cell(s) and with which one or more communication stations such as communication elements or functions, like user devices (e.g. customer devices), mobile devices, or terminal devices, like a UE, or another device having a similar function, such as a modem chipset, a chip, a module etc., which can also be part of a station, an element, a function or an application capable of conducting a communication, such as a UE, an element or function usable in a machine-to-machine communication architecture, or attached as a separate element to such an element, function or application capable of conducting a communication, or the like, are capable to communicate via one or more channels via one or more communication beams for transmitting several types of data in a plurality of access domains. Furthermore, (core) network elements or network functions ((core) network control elements or network functions, (core) network management elements or network functions), such as gateway network elements/functions, mobility management entities, a mobile switching center, servers, databases and the like may be included.
The general functions and interconnections of the described elements and functions, which also depend on the actual network type, are known to those skilled in the art and described in corresponding specifications, so that a detailed description thereof is omitted herein. However, it is to be noted that several additional network elements and signaling links may be employed for a communication to or from an element, function or application, like a communication endpoint, a communication network control element, such as a server, a gateway, a radio network controller, and other elements of the same or other communication networks besides those described in detail herein below.
A communication network architecture as being considered in examples of embodiments may also be able to communicate with other networks, such as a public switched telephone network or the Internet. The communication network may also be able to support the usage of cloud services for virtual network elements or functions thereof, wherein it is to be noted that the virtual network part of the telecommunication network can also be provided by non-cloud resources, e.g. an internal network or the like. It should be appreciated that network elements of an access system, of a core network etc., and/or respective functionalities may be implemented by using any node, host, server, access node (AN) or entity etc. being suitable for such a usage. Generally, a network function can be implemented either as a network element on a dedicated hardware, as a software instance running on a dedicated hardware, or as a virtualized function instantiated on an appropriate platform, e.g., a cloud infrastructure.
Furthermore, a network element, such as communication elements, like a UE, a mobile device, a terminal device, control elements or functions, such as access network elements, like a base station (BS), an eNB/gNB, a radio network controller, a core network control element or function, such as a gateway element, or other network elements or functions, as described herein, (core) network management element or function and any other elements, functions or applications may be implemented by software, e.g. by a computer program product for a computer, and/or by hardware. For executing their respective processing, correspondingly used devices, nodes, functions or network elements may include several means, modules, units, components, etc. (not shown) which are required for control, processing and/or communication/signaling functionality. Such means, modules, units and components may include, for example, one or more processors or processor units including one or more processing portions for executing instructions and/or programs and/or for processing data, storage or memory units or means for storing instructions, programs and/or data, for serving as a work area of the processor or processing portion and the like (e.g. ROM, RAM, EEPROM, and the like), input or interface means for inputting data and instructions by software (e.g. floppy disc, CD-ROM, EEPROM, and the like), a user interface for providing monitor and manipulation possibilities to a user (e.g. a screen, a keyboard and the like), other interface or means for establishing links and/or connections under the control of the processor unit or portion (e.g. wired and wireless interface means, radio interface means including e.g. an antenna unit or the like, means for forming a radio communication part etc.) and the like, wherein respective means forming an interface, such as a radio communication part, can be also located on a remote site (e.g. a radio head or a radio station etc.). It is to be noted that in the present specification processing portions should not be only considered to represent physical portions of one or more processors, but may also be considered as a logical division of the referred processing tasks performed by one or more processors.
It should be appreciated that according to some examples, a so-called “liquid” or flexible network concept may be employed where the operations and functionalities of a network element, a network function, or of another entity of the network, may be performed in different entities or functions, such as in a node, host or server, in a flexible manner. In other words, a “division of labor” between involved network elements, functions or entities may vary case by case.
Moreover, with regard to LP-WUS, as already indicated above, given the need to be as simple as possible to reduce the power consumption of the dedicated LP-WUS receiver, there is an increased risk, that a network, and/or device, could be maliciously attacked by an entity transmitting fake clone LP-WUS signals.
Whilst for many devices this may not be catastrophic, since at a later stage of the paging procedure (the primary use case, but other use cases exist), the device will quickly determine there is no paging, the act of triggering the main radio to switch on using a fake WUS, will increase the power consumption of device unnecessarily.
For some devices and some use cases (e.g. LP-WUS based safety sensors), this could deplete the available power source far sooner than intended and potentially place the end users at risk.
Hence, one problem addressed with this disclosure relates to what the UE/network can do to identify and then report a suspected attack. With knowledge of a suspected attack, the network can potentially take measures to mitigate/prevent further attacks.
It shall be noted that the principles behind this disclosure can be easily adapted to resolve other problems, including at least one of wake-up signal load balancing or interference management, e.g. along with fake WUS simultaneously by configuring the UE for LP-WUS evaluation including one or more (of the below-outlined) metric(s). Additionally and/or alternatively, the principles may also be easily adapted to allow for LP-WUS resource configuration optimization. Moreover, irrespective of load/interference, some of the below-outlined metrics could help and/or be advantageous in tailoring and/or modifying LP-WUS characteristics to suit the given radio conditions more efficiently.
In the following, examples of embodiments are outlined.
In doing so, in view of identifying erroneous WUS, it shall be noted that with regard to the prior art, it is targeted specifically to wifi periodic signals. According to at least some examples of embodiments, however, a periodical beacon WUS signal may not necessarily be assumed.
Moreover, with further regard to the prior art, one erroneous beacon detection method requires a detector to detect and compare values carried by successive beacon signals. These values have a deterministic relationship between successive beacons, allowing some erroneous beacons to be identified. According to at least some examples of embodiments, however, no new value is being added to the contents of the WUS to assist in the detection of erroneous WUS signals and/or statistics/metrics are being defined to identify suspicious/poorly configured WUS signals.
Further, with further regard to the prior art, in addition to the value detection as indicated above, the device could also optionally measure one or more of the following signal quality metrics received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), signal to noise ratio (SNR), or signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). According to at least some examples of embodiments, however, there are provided specified metrics, based not on signal power or quality, but on the frequency and/or precise point of failure.
With regard to the mentioned “precise point of failure”, the following is further to be considered. Namely, in general, it is a 3GPP philosophy to make measurements hardware agnostic. However, at least some of the metrics (e.g. METRIC1 to METRIC6) as outlined below in detail are breaking that philosophy and take hardware location into account. I.e., it may be said that by use of one of the below-outlined metrics, a LP-WUS may be evaluated in view of a hardware location, like e.g. a location (e.g. location where an event occurred) related to a LP-WUS detected by a UE and/or a location where the detecting UE locates/resides. In doing so, the UE using one of the below-outlined metrics for evaluating a detected LP-WUS, may provide a report and/or an alarm (and/or may trigger an action to be performed in the network as outlined below in more detail), which further comprises location information. These location information may comprise at least one of a location of the occurred event to which the LP-WUS may be related, or a location of the UE providing the report and/or alarm (and/or the triggering). Hence, the network obtaining such report and/or alarm may perform further action based on the thus obtained location information, e.g. an action may be performed at a location where the UE is located/resides (e.g. at a cell (and/or neighboring cell(s)) in which cell coverage area the UE is located/resides).
Furthermore, according to at least some examples of embodiments, this disclosure proposes new network configured metric(s) relating to the reception of the wake-up signal, for UE(s) to measure and either report or trigger alarms or other actions (e.g. trigger main radio to perform cell measurements), for multiple purposes, including at least one of:
In this disclosure, there are provided metrics for the UE to measure the reception quality/success/failure of the LP-WUS. Alternatives for this metric are listed below (see METRIC1 to METRIC6):
METRIC1: For a configured time period, or number of detected LP-WUS, the number of LP-WUSs successfully detected, and decoded (e.g. passing any cyclic redundancy check (CRC) or security checks) which then fail at the next main radio receiving and decoding step.
With regard to METRIC1, it shall be noted that this metric may most likely be used for spoof attack. One main reason for failure of the MAIN RADIO to fail the paging message decoding step may be the original LP-WUS being a FAKE CLONE. In this context, the term “FAKE CLONE” shall be understood as representing a “cloned” signal (e.g. cloned LP-WUS) created to maliciously fool a system. Accordingly, “cloned” may be understood is such a way, that the “cloned signal” may be provided/originate from an entity/device/apparatus, which aims to clone and/or imitate and/or replicate e.g. the LP-WUS provided by the network. The intention behind such “cloned signal” may be that a UE detecting such “cloned signal” may erroneously consider this “cloned signal” to be an authentic and/or reliable and/or real signal provided by the network.
With regard to METRIC2, it shall be noted that LP-WUSs, which are provided by the network to be detected by a certain UE(s) (e.g. in a certain area, like certain cell coverage area), may carry a certain security word. Hence, such above-mentioned fail may be triggered by (another) FAKE CLONED WUS, since a fake does not carry the correct security word, and/or my be triggered due to interference from a neighbour cell (e.g. neighbour cell LP-WUS), since in the case of interference a different security word is carried. It shall be noted that e.g. a LP-WUS from a neighbour cell may be real or fake.
METRIC3: For a configured time period, or number of detected LP-WUSs, the number of LP-WUSs successfully detected, but which cannot be decoded is measured.
With regard to METRIC3, it shall be noted that the issue about the measuring may be a coding issue. The network, which provides the LP-WUS(s), could reconfigure (e.g. in response to obtaining/receiving a report and/or alarm from a UE(s) as outlined below in detail) that LP-WUS to have a higher coding gain to ensure decoding.
METRIC4: For a configured time period, or number of detected LP-WUSs, a metric to indicate the relative or absolute strength of the LP-WUS signal received is measured. Strength could be relative to other cell signals, e.g. the 5G Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) or a periodically transmitted beacon LP-WUS or absolute.
With regard to METRIC4, it shall be noted that indication of the relative or absolute strength may be used, as one example, to make the LP-WUS more robust at cell edge by increasing a coding rate. Such code rate increase may be performed by the network in response to the network obtaining/receiving a report and/or alarm from a UE(s) as outlined below in detail.
METRIC5: UE logs the time difference between receiving LP-WUS signal to the start of the paging message and/or to a decoding of the paging message being completed. This is useful for scheduling the LP-WUS transmission by gNB. This metric is valuable in the case of a non-periodic WUS transmission.
With regard to METRIC5, it shall be noted that this metric is more focused on LATENCY effectiveness of the LP-WUS.
METRIC6: For a configured time period, or a number of LP-WUS and/or LP-BEACON transmissions, the average time axis drift delay is measured and can either be reported (possibly after exceeding a configured threshold) or used to trigger other actions
According to various examples of embodiment, given there can be configured multiple LP-WUS signals that a UE can receive in one cell, e.g., from neighboring cells, or periodically transmitted as beacon to support cell identification and power measurement/receiver calibration, the network can configure which LP-WUS devices should target for these metrics.
According to various examples of embodiment, the network could configure, all or a subset of UEs to report one or more of these metrics/alarms.
With regard to such threshold value(s), it shall be noted that such threshold value(s) could be predefined, defined on a per UE basis and configured per UE radio resource control (RRC), and/or defined on a cell specific level and broadcast in a system information block (SIB).
According to various examples of embodiment, the network may require the UE to report the support of an optional measurement capability, for the network to configure these metrics.
Depending on the configuration of the network and the primary concerns of the network, these metrics collected as either alarms or reports from multiple UEs, could allow the network to at least one of the following:
Moreover, according to at least some examples of embodiments, the following steps may be considered:
Reference is made to
In the following, further examples of embodiments are described in relation to the above described methods and/or apparatuses.
Referring now to
In particular, according to
It shall be noted that the method may be applied by an endpoint terminal, which may represent such user equipment, e.g. UE 100, as outlined above, e.g. with reference to the above-outlined steps 1 to 12 in
Further, in S220, the method comprises detecting at least one provided wake-up triggering signal.
It shall be noted that the method may further comprise that a monitoring is performed, wherein the detecting is performed during the monitoring. In addition, the wake-up triggering signal may represent such LP-WUS and/or LP-WUS beacon and/or LP-SS as outlined above e.g. under step 1 (from the steps 1 to 12 in
Additionally, in S230, the method further comprises, by use of one metric out of the at least one metric, evaluating the at least one detected wake-up triggering signal based on determining whether or not a condition included in the one metric is fulfilled.
It shall be noted that with regard to the above-outlined six metrics, METRIC1 to METRIC6, such condition may e.g. represent, with reference to METRIC1, that a (pre)configured number of successfully detected and decoded wake-up triggering signals, which then fail at the next main radio receiving and decoding step, is reached within a (pre)configured time period. Similarly, different further conditions are derivable from each of the METRIC1 to METRIC6.
Furthermore, in S240, the method further comprises providing a report comprising information indicative of at least a result obtained from the determining of whether or not the condition is fulfilled.
It shall be noted that such providing of the report may represent at least part of such providing of a LP-WUS report as outlined above e.g. under step 11 (from the steps 1 to 12 in
Moreover, according to at least some examples of embodiments, the method may further comprise that the evaluating by use of the one metric further comprises measuring at least one of a reception quality, a success or a failure of the at least one detected wake-up triggering signal, and wherein the determining about whether or not the condition is fulfilled may be based on evaluating the measured at least one of reception quality, success or failure compared to a respective predetermined reference value.
Furthermore, according to various examples of embodiments, wherein from the at least one metric at least one may be selected from the following metrics:
It shall be noted that the first metric may represent at least part of such METRIC1 as outlined above, that the second metric may represent at least part of such METRIC2 as outlined above, that the third metric may represent at least part of such METRIC3 as outlined above, that the fourth metric may represent at least part of such METRIC4 as outlined above, that the fifth metric may represent at least part of such METRIC5 as outlined above, and that the sixth metric may represent at least part of such METRIC6 as outlined above.
Additionally, according to various examples of embodiments, when using the first metric, the method may further comprise
Optionally, according to at least some examples of embodiments, when using the fourth metric, the method may further comprise only measuring for the strength when a main radio paging reception fails.
Further, according to various examples of embodiments, wherein the method may further comprise that a monitoring and/or the detecting and/or the evaluating and/or the measuring of the wake-up triggering signal comprises monitoring and/or detecting and/or evaluating and/or measuring of at least one of LP-WUS, LP-WUS beacon or a low power synchronization signal, LP-SS; and/or wherein the determining of whether or not the condition is fulfilled may comprise determining at least one of a LP-WUS condition, a LP-WUS beacon condition or a LP-SS condition.
Moreover, according to at least some examples of embodiments, when determined that the condition is fulfilled, the method may further comprise that the providing of the report further comprises providing information indicative of the metric used for the evaluating; and/or
Furthermore, according to various examples of embodiments, the method may further comprise, when determined that the condition is fulfilled, storing information related at least to one of an event indicated by the detected at least one wake-up triggering signal or a location related to the event; wherein the providing of the report may further be based on the information stored and/or wherein the providing of the report may further comprise providing the information stored.
Additionally, according to various examples of embodiments, the method may further comprise obtaining an application configuration comprising application instructions indicating whether or not a metric from the at least one metric is to be used for the evaluating; and evaluating the at least one detected wake-up triggering signal based on the obtained application configuration.
Optionally, according to at least some examples of embodiments, the method may further comprise obtaining a reporting configuration comprising reporting instructions; and based on the obtained reporting configuration, reporting if a threshold value from the at least one metric and/or a threshold value defined in relation to the at least one metric is exceeded; and/or reporting a support of an optional measurement capability.
It shall be noted that such threshold value my represent such predetermined and/or preconfigured threshold values as outlined above.
Further, according to various examples of embodiments, the method may further comprise indicating that the report is available. It shall be noted that such indicating may e.g. be broadcasted, single-casted, and/or may be transmitted to/provided for individually selected (types and/or groups and/or locations of) endpoint terminals.
The above-outlined solution allow for improvements in measurements to support a LP-WUS. Therefore, the above-outlined solution is advantageous in that it enables for efficient and/or secure and/or robust and/or failure resistant and/or flexible measurements to support a LP-WUS.
Particularly, the above-outlined solution is advantageous, since it enables for improvements in at least one of:
Referring now to
It shall be noted that, unless otherwise stated, similar terms/expressions used in
In particular, according to
It shall be noted that the method (i.e. the providing) may be performed by the network, which may be represented by an access network element, like e.g. a gNB (like such gNB 110 as illustrated in
Further, in S320, the method comprises providing at least one wake-up triggering signal.
Such providing may represent at least part of such providing as outlined above e.g. under step 2 (from the steps 1 to 12 in
Furthermore, in S330, the method comprises obtaining a report comprising information indicative of at least a result obtained when a metric out of the at least one metric was used by an endpoint terminal for evaluation of at least one wake-up triggering signal detected by the endpoint terminal.
In addition, in S340, the method comprises, based on the obtained report and the provided at least one wake-up triggering signal, performing action comprising reconfiguring the providing of at least one wake-up triggering signal.
Such performing may represent at least part of such performing as outlined above e.g. under step 12 (from the steps 1 to 12 in
Furthermore, according to various examples of embodiments, the method may further comprise providing an application configuration comprising application instructions indicating by which at least one endpoint terminal the at least one metric is to be used.
It shall be noted that a selection of the at least one endpoint terminal being enabled to use a selected one or several of the at least one metric may be based on at least one of the following: the individual endpoint terminal, a group of endpoint terminals, a type of endpoint terminals or a location of endpoint terminals.
Additionally, according to various examples of embodiments, the method may further comprise providing a reporting configuration comprising reporting instructions indicating to report if a threshold value from the at least one metric and/or a threshold value defined in relation to the at least one metric is exceeded; and/or to report a support of an optional measurement capability.
Optionally, according to at least some examples of embodiments, the method may further comprise that the reconfiguring comprises at least one of
Additionally, according to various examples of embodiments, the method may further comprise requesting toward an endpoint terminal to provide a report in relation to an evaluation of wake-up triggering signals detected and evaluated at the endpoint terminal, the evaluation optionally by use of at least one metric selected from the provided at least one metric. It shall be noted that such requesting may be made toward a single/individual endpoint terminal, but also and/or alternatively toward a type (e.g. sensor) of endpoint terminal, toward a group of endpoint terminal and/or toward endpoint terminals at a certain location (e.g. a certain (radio) cell/cell coverage area).
The above-outlined solution allow for improvements in measurements to support a LP-WUS. Therefore, the above-outlined solution is advantageous in that it enables for efficient and/or secure and/or robust and/or failure resistant and/or flexible measurements to support a LP-WUS.
Particularly, the above-outlined solution is advantageous, since it enables for improvements in at least one of:
Referring now to
Specifically,
The apparatus 400 shown in
The processor or processing function 410 is configured to execute processing related to the above described processing. In particular, the processor or processing circuitry or function 410 includes one or more of the following sub-portions. Sub-portion 411 is an obtaining portion, which is usable as a portion for obtaining an evaluation configuration. The portion 411 may be configured to perform processing according to S210 of
Referring now to
Specifically,
The apparatus 500 shown in
The processor or processing function 510 is configured to execute processing related to the above described processing. In particular, the processor or processing circuitry or function 510 includes one or more of the following sub-portions. Sub-portion 511 is a providing portion, which is usable as a portion for providing an evaluation configuration. The portion 511 may be configured to perform processing according to S310 of
It shall be noted that the apparatuses 400 and 500 as outlined above with reference to
It should be appreciated that
Although the present disclosure has been described herein before with reference to particular embodiments thereof, the present disclosure is not limited thereto and various modifications can be made thereto.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202341010836 | Feb 2023 | IN | national |
