Various aspects of the disclosure relate generally to medical vacuum therapy systems, devices, and related methods. Examples of the disclosure relate to systems, devices, and related methods for removing materials from a target site within a patient by generating negative pressure therein, among other aspects.
Endoscopic and open surgical procedures of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract include, for example, colonic resection, bariatric surgery, esophagectomy, gastric bypass, and sleeve gastrectomy, among others. These procedures may result in perforation, post-surgical leaks, or other wounds of the tract. Limited treatment options exist for managing such wounds, which have significant morbidity and mortality rates. Options include surgical re-operation and endoscopic placement of a stent or clips. Surgery is relatively invasive and also has high morbidity and mortality rates. Endoscopic stent placement is a less invasive option. The placed stent, however, can migrate from the intended location and/or wall off infection at the treatment site, inhibiting drainage.
Aspects of the disclosure relate to, among other things, systems, devices, and methods for treating a target treatment site using negative pressure with an expandable member, among other aspects. Each of the aspects disclosed herein may include one or more of the features described in connection with any of the other disclosed aspects.
According to an example, a medical device includes a shaft defining a lumen and a distal portion, the distal portion defining a side opening in fluid communication with the lumen. The medical device includes a device coupled to the distal portion of the shaft and overlying the side opening. The device includes an expandable member configured to expand laterally outward from a collapsed state to an expanded state, and configured to permit fluid to flow through the expandable member and into the side opening. The device includes a constricting device positioned in contact with the expandable member and configured to move relative to the expandable member from a first position to a second position. The expandable member is in the collapsed state when the constricting device is in the first position and the expandable member is in the expanded state when the constricting device is in the second position.
Any of the medical devices described herein may include one or more of the following features. The constricting device includes an outer tube disposed over the shaft, and the expandable member is enclosed between the shaft and the outer tube when the outer tube is in the first position. The constricting device applies a constricting force against the expandable member when the constricting device is in the first position, and wherein the constricting force is removed when the constricting device is in the second position. The constricting device includes an inner tube disposed within the lumen of the shaft, and includes a distal tip that extends distally of a distal end of the shaft. A proximal portion of the distal tip is coupled to a distal portion of the expandable member. Application of a proximal force on the inner tube causes the expandable member to shorten longitudinally and expand laterally outward. The shaft includes a slot proximate to the distal portion of the shaft and extending into the lumen of the shaft. The constricting device includes a thread extending outwardly from the lumen of the shaft via the slot, and the thread is attached to the distal portion. A proximal portion of the thread extends through the lumen and a distal portion of the thread is disposed over an outer surface of the distal portion of the shaft and extends about the expandable member. The distal portion of the thread includes one or more knots linking the thread to the expandable member. The one or more knots are configured to be broken or untangled in response to a proximal force applied to the thread. Further including a locking mechanism configured to fix the constricting device relative to the expandable member to thereby maintain the constricting device in at least one of the first position or the second position and the expandable member in at least one of the expanded state or the collapsed state. Further including a pressure source in fluid communication with the lumen. The pressure source is configured to generate suction at the distal portion of the shaft via the side opening such that fluid positioned adjacent to the distal portion are drawn into the lumen through the expandable member. The expandable member includes a porous body including a plurality of fibers. The expandable member has a greater diameter in the expanded state than the collapsed state. The expandable member is fixed to the shaft along an entire length of the expandable member.
According to another example, a medical device includes a shaft defining a lumen along a longitudinal axis, wherein the shaft includes at least one opening through an outer surface of the shaft. The at least one opening in fluid communication with the lumen. The medical device includes a porous body disposed over the at least one opening of the shaft and configured to expand laterally outward relative to the longitudinal axis. The medical device includes a constricting member engaged against the porous body and movable relative to the porous body, wherein the constricting member is configured to apply a constraining force against the porous body. The shaft is configured to receive fluid into the lumen via the opening and through the porous body after the constricting member moves the porous body from a collapsed state to an expanded state.
Any of the medical devices described herein may include one or more of the following features. The porous body has a smaller cross-sectional diameter about the longitudinal axis when in the collapsed state than when in the expanded state. The porous body is a sponge having a porosity that allows passage of fluid through the porous body.
According to another example, a method of withdrawing fluids with a medical device, with the medical device including a shaft, an expandable porous body disposed along the shaft, and a constricting device in contact with the expandable porous body, includes moving the constricting device relative to the expandable porous body to allow expansion of the expandable porous body about the shaft. The method includes applying suction through the shaft and withdrawing fluid through the expandable porous body and into the shaft via one or more openings disposed between the expandable porous body and the shaft.
It may be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary aspects of the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Endoluminal vacuum therapy (EVAC) has been proposed. In EVAC, negative pressure is delivered to the wound site in the GI tract, for example through a nasogastric tube having a sponge at its terminal end. The sponge is placed endoscopically into the perforation, leak, or other wound. Negative pressure then is applied. Devices and systems suited for EVAC are limited, however.
Examples of the disclosure include systems, devices, and methods for removing materials from a target site within a subject (e.g., patient) by generating a negative pressure therein. Embodiments of this disclosure include devices, systems, and methods for endoluminal vacuum therapy (EVAC). In examples, EVAC includes endoluminal placement of a porous body, e.g., a sponge or other like material into the wound site, including a perforation, a cyst, a leak, an anastomosis, etc. Placement of the material may be via a catheter, scope (endoscope, bronchoscope, colonoscope, etc.), tube, or sheath, inserted into the GI tract via a natural orifice. The orifice can be, for example, the nose, mouth, or anus, and the placement can be in any portion of the GI tract, including the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, large intestine, or small intestine. Placement also can be in other organs reachable via the GI tract.
Reference will now be made in detail to aspects of the disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same or similar reference numbers will be used through the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. The term “distal” refers to a portion farthest away from a user when introducing a device into a patient. By contrast, the term “proximal” refers to a portion closest to the user when placing the device into the subject. As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not necessarily include only those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The term “exemplary” is used in the sense of “example,” rather than “ideal.” As used herein, the terms “about,” “substantially,” and “approximately,” indicate a range of values within +/−10% of a stated value.
Examples of the disclosure may be used to treat a target site experiencing a leak by negative pressure wound therapy. For example, some embodiments may combine a delivery tube with a porous body and/or an absorbent device to remove any materials (e.g., fluids, masses, etc.) from the target site and dry the surrounding tissue of any leaks. A porous body and/or absorbent device may be positioned along a body of the delivery tube and, in some examples, in fluid communication with a lumen of the delivery tube. A porous body and/or absorbent device may be selectively expandable between a compressed, default state to an expanded, actuated state. Further, a porous body and/or absorbent device may be constricted to the compressed, default state by one or more other components, including, for example, an outer sheath disposed over the absorbent device, a length of the delivery tube, and/or a constricting device coupled to a porous body and/or absorbent device. A porous device and/or absorbent device may be configured to extract matter from within the target site when in the expanded, actuated state.
Examples of the disclosure may relate to devices and methods for performing various medical procedures and/or treating portions of the large intestine (colon), small intestine, cecum, esophagus, any other portion of the gastrointestinal tract, and/or any other suitable patient anatomy (collectively referred to herein as a “target treatment site”). Various examples described herein include single-use or disposable medical devices. Reference will now be made in detail to examples of the disclosure described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.
The shaft 120 of the medical instrument 110 may include a tube that is sufficiently flexible such that the shaft 120 is configured to selectively bend, rotate, and/or twist when being inserted into and/or through a subject's tortuous anatomy to a target treatment site. The shaft 120 may have one or more lumens (not shown) extending therethrough that include, for example, a working lumen for receiving instruments (e.g., the medical device 130). In other examples, the shaft 120 may include additional lumens such as a control wire lumen for receiving one or more control wires for actuating one or more distal parts/tools (e.g., an articulation joint, an elevator, etc.), a fluid lumen for delivering a fluid, an illumination lumen for receiving at least a portion of an illumination assembly (not shown), and/or an imaging lumen for receiving at least a portion of an imaging assembly (not shown).
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In other examples, the tip 122 of the shaft 120 may include additional and/or fewer openings thereon, such as, for example, a fluid opening or nozzle through which fluid may be discharged from a fluid lumen of the shaft 120, an illumination opening/window through which light may be emitted, and/or an imaging opening/window for receiving light used by an imaging device to generate an image. The actuation mechanism 114 of the medical instrument 110 is positioned on the handle 112 and may include one or more knobs, buttons, levers, switches, and/or other suitable actuators. The actuation mechanism 114 is configured to control at least one of deflection of the shaft 120 (e.g., through actuation of a control wire), delivery of a fluid, emission of illumination, and/or various imaging functions.
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The longitudinal bodies 142, 152 are flexible such that the medical device 130 is configured to bend, rotate, and/or twist when being inserted into a working lumen of the medical instrument 110. As described in detail herein, the medical device 130 may include one or more hubs 148, 158 (
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The collection vessel 136 of the medical system 100 may be fluidly coupled to one or more other components of the medical system 100, such as, for example, the pressure regulator 132. In the example, the pressure regulator 132 may be in fluid communication with the collection vessel 136 via a connection port 134 disposed therebetween. The pressure regulator 132 may be configured and operable to generate a negative pressure through the medical system 100. In this instance, the pressure regulator 132 (e.g., a pressurized cylinder) may form a vacuum through the medical system 100 via the collection vessel 136. A lumen of the inner tube 140 and the distal end 144 may become pressurized via the proximal end 146 of the inner tube 140. As described in greater detail herein, the pressure regulator 132 may generate a pressure change through the medical device 130 to extract one or more materials (e.g., fluid) adjacent and/or exterior to the distal end 144, through the inner tube 140, and into the collection vessel 136.
The medical instrument 110 is configured to receive the medical device 130 via the at least one port 116, through the shaft 120 via a working lumen, and to a working opening at the tip 122. In this instance, the medical device 130 may extend distally out of the working opening at the tip 122 and into an exterior environment surrounding the tip 122, such as, for example, at a target treatment site of a subject as described in further detail below. The outer tube 150 may extend distally from the working opening of the tip 122 in response to a translation of the longitudinal body of the medical device 130 through a working lumen of the shaft 120.
Additionally, the inner tube 140 of the medical device 130 may be disposed within a lumen of the outer tube 150 and thereby extend distally from the working opening of the tip 122 with the outer tube 150 in response to translation of the medical device 130 through a working lumen of the shaft 120 (i.e., the tubes 140, 150 may move simultaneously). In this instance, it should be appreciated that the inner tube 140 may be disposed within a lumen of the outer tube 150 such that the distal end 144 of the inner tube 140 is positioned proximally relative to a distal end 154 of the outer tube 150.
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It should be appreciated that, in other embodiments, the expandable member 160 may be positioned along various other surfaces of the inner tube 140 and/or portions of the medical device 130 without departing from a scope of this disclosure. A majority or entirety of the expandable member 160 may be positioned proximally to a distalmost portion of the distal end 144 of the inner tube 140. In other embodiments, at least a portion and/or an entirety of the expandable member 160 may extend distally relative to the distal end 144 of the inner tube 140.
Referring now to
In the example, the porous body of the expandable member 160 may define a mesh formed by the plurality of fibers. In this instance, the expandable member 160 may be configured and operable to selectively expand. In other words, a volume capacity of the expandable member 160 may be selectively adjusted. It should be appreciated that, with the expandable member 160 forming a sponge and/or foam, the expandable member 160 may be configured to permit passage and/or delivery of one or more materials (e.g. fluid) through the porous body of the expandable member 160.
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In the example, the longitudinal body 142 of the inner tube 140 may define a lumen 141 extending between the distal end 144 and the proximal end 146. As described in detail above, the proximal end 146 of the inner tube 140 may be fluidly coupled to the collection vessel 136 and the pressure regulator 132 via the proximal hub 148, such that the lumen 141 of the inner tube 140 is in fluid communication thereto. The distal end 144 of the inner tube 140 may be closed thereby terminating the lumen 141 of the longitudinal body 142 therein. In other words, in some embodiments, fluid cannot be conveyed through the distal end 144. However, in other embodiments, it is contemplated that the distal end 144 of the inner tube 140 may be open thereby permitting conveyance of fluid through the distal end 144.
Further, the longitudinal body 152 of the outer tube 150 may define a lumen 151 extending between the distal end 154 and a proximal end 156 of the outer tube 150. The distal end 154 and the proximal end 156 of the outer tube 150 may each form an opening that is sized, shaped, and configured to slidably receive the longitudinal body 142 of the inner tube 140 therethrough. In this instance, the inner tube 140 may be received within the lumen 151 of the outer tube 150 via the opening at the proximal end 156; and may extend distally and/or outward from the lumen 151 via the opening at the distal end 154 of the outer tube 150.
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With the inner tube 140 disposed within the lumen 151 of the outer tube 150, it should be appreciated that an interior surface of the longitudinal body 152 may be operable to constrict a size, shape, profile, and/or configuration of the expandable member 160. In other words, the outer tube 150 may be a constricting device configured to contact and/or engage the expandable member 160 to thereby collapse a porous body of the expandable member 160 to a compressed state. As shown and described in further detail herein, the medical device 130 may be configured such that removal of the outer tube 150 over the expandable member 160 may cease application of a constricting/constraining force against the expandable member 160 by the longitudinal body 152 and allow a porous body of the expandable member 160 to expand outwardly (
Referring now to
With the proximal hub 148 of the inner tube 140 decoupled from the proximal end 146 of the longitudinal body 142, the outer tube 150 may translate proximally to an extent such that the expandable member 160 may extend outwardly from the lumen 151 of the longitudinally body 152. In this instance, a constricting force applied to the expandable body 160 by the outer tube 150 may be removed, thereby allowing the expandable body 160 to expand radially, proximally, and/or distally outwardly relative to the inner tube 140. The expandable body 160 may extend laterally outward relative to, and about, the longitudinal body 142 such that the expandable body 160 has a larger diameter when in the expanded state than in the collapsed state (
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Referring now to
In the example, a target treatment site 22 within the subject's body 10 may be located along the gastrointestinal tract within the esophagus 16. The target treatment site 22 may include an anastomotic leak or perforation in the esophagus 16 or other portions of the GI tract, such as, for example, a wound resulting from a surgical procedure performed therein (e.g., colonic resection, bariatric surgery, esophagectomy, etc.). While this disclosure relates to the use of the medical system 100 in a digestive tract of the subject's body 10, it should be understood that the features of this disclosure could be used in various other locations (e.g., other organs, tissue, etc.) within the subject's body 10. In some examples, a shape and/or size of a porous body of the expandable member 160 may be adjusted (e.g., manually trimmed) by a user prior to deployment of the medical device 130 into the subject 10.
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With the outer tube 150 positioned within the esophagus 16 (or GI tract) and adjacent to the target treatment site 22, a user may actuate one or more components of the medical instrument 110 and/or the medical device 130 to position the distal end 154 of the outer tube 150 within or adjacent to the target treatment site 22 (e.g., anastomotic leak or perforation). For example, the proximal hub 158 (
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In some embodiments, the inner tube 140 may not be coupled to the pressure regulator 132 during insertion of the inner tube 140 into the esophagus 16 (GI tract). In this instance, after removal of the proximal hub 148, a different hub may be attached to the proximal end 146 to fluidly couple the inner tube 140 to the pressure regulator 132. In other embodiments, the proximal hub 148 may be reattached to the proximal end 146 and be configured to fluidly couple the inner tube 140 to the pressure regulator 132. In some embodiments, removal of the proximal hub 148 from the proximal end 146 of the longitudinal body 142 may decouple a fluid communication between the lumen 141 of the inner tube 140 and the collection vessel 136 and/or the pressure regulator 132. In this instance, proximal retraction of the proximal hub 158 of the outer tube 150 may expose the distal end 144 of the inner tube 140 from the lumen 151, such that the expandable member 160 extends distally from the distal end 154 of the longitudinal body 152.
The porous body of the expandable member 160 may progressively transition from the collapsed state (
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Additionally, the expandable member 160 may apply a force and/or generate a pressure within the target treatment site 22, and against any materials disposed therein, in response to an expansion of the porous body of the expandable member 160. In some embodiments, the outer tube 150 may be fully removed from over the inner tube 140 (and from the patient) such that the proximal end 146 of the longitudinal body 142 may be accessible to a user of the medical system 100. In this instance, the proximal hub 148 (and/or another luer/hub connector) may be coupled to the proximal end 146 of the inner tube 140. With the proximal hub 148 coupled to the longitudinal body 142 of the inner tube 140, the collection vessel 136 and/or the pressure regulator 132 may be fluidly coupled to the lumen 141 of the inner tube 140 via the proximal hub 148.
With the lumen 141 of the inner tube 140 fluidly coupled to the pressure regulator 132, the lumen 141 may be configured and operable to convey (e.g., by suction, extraction, pulling, withdrawing, etc.) one or more materials (e.g. fluid, bodily matter, etc.) from the target treatment site 22 to the collection vessel 136 via the expandable body 160 and the plurality of openings 143 in response to actuation of the pressure regulator 132. In the example, the one or more materials disposed in the target treatment site 22 may be moved about and/or through the porous body of the expandable member 160. In other words, a negative pressure is generated within the target treatment site 22 by the pressure regulator 132 via the plurality of openings 143.
The one or more materials disposed within the target treatment site 22 (e.g., leak or perforation) may include solids, liquids, and/or various other matters received therein from the gastrointestinal tract of the subject. It should be understood that a presence of said materials in the leak and/or perforation in the GI tract may inhibit recovery and/or healing of the target treatment site. Accordingly, the one or more materials disposed within a cavity of the target treatment site 22 may be suctioned through a porous body of the expandable member 160 and into the lumen 141 of the inner tube 140.
Referring back to
For example, the connection port 134 coupling the collection vessel 136 and the pressure regulator 132 may be positioned along a top portion of the collection vessel 136 such that fluid communication therebetween is maintained as a bottom portion of the collection vessel 136 receives the materials and/or fluid therein. In other embodiments, the collection vessel 136 and the pressure regulator 132 may be separated from one another and coupled to the proximal end 146 of the inner tube 140 through various other suitable arrangements than those shown and described herein. Upon completion of a procedure, the pressure regulator 132 may be deactivated to thereby cease a suction within the target treatment site 22 through the inner tube 140.
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For example, referring initially to
The outer tube 250 may include the proximal hub 158 at the proximal end 156 of the longitudinal body 152. In the example, the proximal hub 158 of the outer tube 250 may include a locking feature 157 disposed along an interior surface of the proximal hub 158 such that the locking feature 157 extends toward and/or at least partially within the lumen 151. As described in further detail herein, the locking feature 157 of the outer tube 250 may be configured and operable to engage the inner tube 140 of the medical device 230 to fix the longitudinal body 152 relative to the longitudinal body 142 of the inner tube 140. In some embodiments, the locking feature 157 may include, for example, a hemostatic valve, a rubber gasket (e.g., an O-ring), and/or various other suitable locking mechanisms.
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In the example shown in
In other words, the distal end 145 of the inner tube 140 may be a constricting device configured to abut against a distal end of the expandable member 160. In this instance, the expandable member 160 may be operable to transition from the collapsed state to the expanded state (
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It should be understood that the expandable body 160 may remain secured to the distal end 154 of the longitudinal body 152 when in the expanded state. In this instance, proximal translation of the distal end 145 of the inner tube 140 compresses the expandable body 160 between the distal end 154 of the outer tube 250 and the distal end 145 of the inner tube 140. In other words, an entire length of the porous body of the expandable member 160 is sandwiched between the distal ends 145, 154 in response to movement of the inner tube 140 relative to the outer tube 250. In other embodiments, the expandable body 160 may be transitioned to the expanded state in response to a distal translation of the outer tube 250 relative to the inner tube 140.
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Although not shown, it should be understood that the inner tube 140 may include the plurality of openings 143 shown and described above (
Referring now to
For example, referring initially to
The tube 240 of the medical device 330 may further include the expandable member 160 disposed along an exterior surface of the longitudinal body 142 and positioned adjacent to the distal end 144. In the example, the expandable member 160 may be disposed about the longitudinal body 142 between the distal end 144 and the slot 245 of the tube 240. The medical device 330 may further include a thread 170 having a longitudinal body defined between a distal end 172 and a proximal end 174. The thread 170 may be at least partially disposed within the lumen 141 of the tube 240 and a distal portion of the thread 170 (e.g., including the distal end 172) may extend outwardly from the lumen 141 via the slot 245. In the example, a distal portion of the thread 170 may extend along an exterior surface of the longitudinal body 142 of the tube 240 from the slot 245 and toward the distal end 144.
Although not shown, it should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the tube 240 may include multiple channels disposed within the lumen 141 and separated from another. In the embodiment, at least one of the multi-channels in the lumen 141 may be aligned with the slot 245 of the tube 240 and configured to receive the thread 170 therethrough. At least another of the multi-channels in the lumen 141 may be aligned with the plurality of openings 143 for fluidly coupling the pressure regulator 132 and/or the collection vessel 136 thereto. In this instance, the slot 245 (and the thread 170 received therein) may be isolated from the vacuum generated in the tube 240 by the pressure regulator 132.
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The plurality of slip knots 176 may be configured to apply a force against the expandable member 160 to constrict movement of the expandable member 160 relative to the tube 240. In other words, the thread 170 may be a constricting device and the plurality of slip knots 176 may be a constricting mechanism securely bound around the expandable member 160 in a constricted configuration such that the expandable member 160 is fixed against the longitudinal body 142. As described in further detail herein, the thread 170 may be configured such that releasing the plurality of slip knots 176 to a loosened configuration may allow the expandable member 160 to transition from the collapsed state to an expanded state (
Referring to
Referring now to
It should be understood that a remaining portion of the expandable member 160 (e.g., a distal length) may remain in a collapsed state despite an actuation of the thread 170 when one or more of the plurality of slip knots 176 are maintained along the porous body of the expandable member 160. In this instance, the expandable member 160 may be at least partially expanded and at least partially collapsed. The expandable member 160 may transition to a fully expanded state in response to removal of all and/or substantially all of the plurality of slip knots 176 of the thread 170 along an exterior of the expandable member 160. The breaking of each individual slip knot 176 may provide tactile feedback to a user of the medical device 330 as to an extent of expansion of the expandable member 160.
Each of the aforementioned systems, devices, assemblies, and methods may be used to provide controlled treatment of a target treatment site via endoluminal vacuum therapy. Any of the medical devices 130, 230, 330, for example, the tubes 140, 150, 240, 250 and the expandable member 160 of the medical devices 130, 230, 330 shown and described above, may be inserted into an endoscope (e.g., medical instrument 110), or like device, with imaging systems, lighting systems, etc., to assist in positioning the medical devices 130, 230, 330. By providing a device that allows a user to treat a difficult-to-reach tissue using an expandable member 160 that applies a negative pressure through a vacuum sealed sponge, a user may reduce overall procedure time, increase efficiency and efficacy of procedures, and avoid unnecessary harm to a subject's body caused by non-healing wounds.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made in the disclosed devices and methods without departing from the scope of the disclosure. It should be appreciated that the disclosed devices may include various suitable computer systems and/or computing units incorporating a plurality of hardware components, such as, for example, a processor and non-transitory computer-readable medium, that allow the devices to perform one or more operations during a procedure in accordance with those described herein. Other aspects of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the features disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only.
This application claims the benefit of priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/981,649, filed on Feb. 26, 2020, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | |
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62981649 | Feb 2020 | US |