Claims
- 1. A membrane or matrix for controlling the permeation rate of a drug, the membrane or matrix comprising a siloxane elastomer composition comprising at least one elastomer and optionally a non-crosslinked polymer, wherein the elastomer composition comprises poly(alkylene oxide) groups and said poly(alkylene oxide) groups are present as blocks in a chain of said elastomer or non-crosslinked polymer, or as blocks and alkoxy-terminated grafts of polysiloxane groups, said blocks or blocks and grafts being linked to the polysiloxane groups in said chain by silicon-carbon bonds, and said elastomer compositions is amorphous below its glass transition temeperature is less than 35° C.
- 2. The membrane or matrix of claim 1, wherein the poly(alkylene oxide) groups are present in said elastomer composition as blocks.
- 3. The membrane or matrix of claim 1, wherein said poly(alkylene oxide) groups are poly(ethylene oxide) groups.
- 4. The membrane or matrix of claim 1, wherein the formula of the polysiloxane groups is
- 5. The membrane or matrix of claim 4, wherein free R′ and R″ groups are lower alkyl groups.
- 6. The membrane or matrix of claim 2, wherein said poly(alkylene oxide) groups have the following formula:
- 7. The membrane or matrix of claim 1, wherein the elastomer composition is made up of two elastomers interlaced one inside the other, wherein the first elastomer comprises poly(alkylene oxide) groups and the poly(alkylene oxide) groups are present in the elastomer as blocks, or as blocks and alkoxy-terminated grafts of polysiloxane groups, the said blocks or blocks and grafts being linked to the polysiloxane groups by silicon-carbon bonds, or as a mixture of these forms, and wherein the second elastomer comprises a siloxane elastomer.
- 8. The membrane or matrix of claim 7, wherein the second elastomer is a poly(dimethyl siloxane) elastomer which optionally includes poly(alkylene oxide) groups.
- 9. The membrane or matrix of claim 8, wherein the optional poly(alkylene oxide) groups of said second elastomer are present in the form of blocks, or as blocks and alkoxy-terminated grafts of polysiloxane groups, said blocks or blocks and grafts being linked to the polysiloxane groups by silicon-carbon bonds.
- 10. The membrane or matrix of claim 1, wherein the elastomer composition is a blend which comprises a siloxane elastomer and a straight-chain polysiloxane copolymer which comprises poly(alkylene oxide) groups, wherein the poly(alkylene oxide) groups are present in said polymer as blocks, or as blocks and alkoxy-terminated grafts of polysiloxane groups, said blocks or blocks and grafts being linked to the polysiloxane groups by silicon-carbon bonds.
- 11. The membrane or matrix of claim 10, wherein the poly(alkylene oxide) groups are poly(ethylene oxide) groups.
- 12. The membrane or matrix of claim 10, wherein the formula of the polysiloxane groups is
- 13. The membrane or matrix of claim 12, wherein free R′ and R″ groups are lower alkyl groups.
- 14. The membrane or matrix of claim 10, wherein the poly(alkylene oxide) groups are present in the straight-chain polysiloxane polymer in the form of poly(alkylene oxide) blocks having the formula
- 15. The membrane or matrix of claim 10, wherein the siloxane elastomer comprises poly(dimethyl siloxane).
- 16. The membrane or matrix of claim 10, wherein the siloxane elastomer comprises poly(alkylene oxide) groups, and wherein poly(alkylene oxide) groups are present in the elastomer as blocks, or as blocks and alkoxy-terminated grafts of polysiloxane groups, said blocks or blocks and grafts being linked to the polysiloxane groups by silicon-carbon bonds.
- 17. The membrane or matrix of claim 1, further comprising a filler.
- 18. A method for the preparation of a siloxane elastomer, comprising
a) crosslinking a vinyl-functional polymer component and a hydride-functional component in the presence of a catalyst and in the absence of monomer, or b) crosslinking a polymer component in the presence of a peroxide catalyst and in the absence of monomer, wherein (alkylene oxide) groups are present in the elastomer or polymer as blocks in a chain of said elastomer or polymer, or as blocks and alkoxy-terminated grafts of polysiloxane groups, said blocks or blocks and grafts being linked to polysiloxane groups in said chain by silicon-carbon bonds, there being at least three blocks in said elastomer composition.
- 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the amounts of the vinyl-functional component and the hydride-functional component are selected so that the ratio of the molar amount of hydrides to the molar amount of the double bonds is at least 1.
- 20. The method of claim 18, wherein
I) the vinyl-functional polymer component is
a) a vinyl-functional polysiloxane having the formulaR′—SiR′R″O(SiR′R″O)rSiR′R″R′ where R′ and R″ are the same or different and are a lower alkyl group or a phenyl group, in which case said alkyl or phenyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted, and where some of the substituents R′ and/or R″ have been substituted by vinyl groups, and r is 1 to 27000, or b) an alkenyl-terminated polysiloxane block copolymer having the formulaT(AB)xAT where
A is —(SiR′R″O)qSiR′R″—, where R′ and R″ are the same or different and are a lower alkyl group or a phenyl group, in which case said alkyl or phenyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted; B is a poly(alkylene oxide) having the formula—R3O(CHRCH2O)mR4— or —CH2CHR1COO (CHRCH2O)mCOCHR1CH2—, T is R1O(CHRCH2O)mR3— or CH2═CR1COO(CHRCH2O)mCOCHR1CH2— where R is hydrogen, a lower alkyl or phenyl, R1 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl, R3 and R4 are the same or different and are straight-chain or branched C2-C6 alkylene groups, R1 is a straight-chain or branched C2-C6 alkenyl group, m is 1 to 30, q is 1 to 3000, and x is 1 to 100, or c) a vinyl-functional polysiloxane copolymer having the formulaR′—SiR′R″O(SiR′R″O)r(SiR′R″O)pSiR′R″—R′ where, in the first block, R′ and R″ are the same or different and are a lower alkyl group, or a phenyl group, in which case said alkyl or phenyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted, and where some of the substituents R′ and/or R″ have been substituted for by vinyl groups, and r is 1 to 27000, and where, in the second block, R′ is a lower alkyl group, or an alkoxy-terminated poly(alkylene oxide) group having the formulaR3—O—(CHRCH2O)m-alk where alk is a lower alkyl group, R3 is a straight or branched C2-C6 alkylene group, R is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, and m is 1 to 30, or R′ is a phenyl group, in which case said alkyl or phenyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted, and R″ is a lower alkyl group or a phenyl group, in which case said alkyl or phenyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted, and p is 1 to 5000, or d) α,ω-dialkenyl poly(alkylene oxide) having the formulaR1—O—(CCHRCH2O)m—R2 where R is hydrogen or a lower alkyl, R1 and R2 are the same or different straight-chain or branched C2-C6 alkenyl groups, and m is 1 to 30, or e) a blend of a least two of the above-mentioned components a)-d) and II) the hydride-functional component is
a) a hydride-functional siloxane which may be straight chain, star shaped, branched or cyclic, or b) a hydride-terminated siloxane block copolymer having the formula T(BA)xBT, where
T is H—SiR′R″O(SiR′R″O)qSiR′R″—, A is —SiR′R″O(SiR′R″O)qSiR′R″—, where R′ and R″ are the same or different and are a lower alkyl group or a phenyl group, in which case said alkyl or phenyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted; B is a poly(alkylene oxide) having the formula—R3—O—(CHRCH2O)m—R4—, or —CH2CHR1COO(CHRCH2O)mCOCHR1CH2— where R is hydrogen, a lower alkyl or phenyl, R1 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl, R3 and R4 are the same or different and are straight-chain or branched C2-C6 alkylene groups, m is 1 to 30, q is 1 to 3000, and x is 0 to 100, or c) a blend of the above-mentioned components a) and b), provided that when the vinyl functional polymer component is a) a vinyl-functional polysiloxane or c) a vinyl-functional polysiloxane copolymer or a blend of a) and c) according to the above formulas, the hydride-functional siloxane component is b) a hydride-terminated siloxane block copolymer according to the above formula.
- 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the hydride-functional siloxane copolymer is straight-chain, and that its formula is
- 22. The method of claim 18, wherein the vinyl-functional polymer component contains a filler.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
981506 |
Jun 1998 |
FI |
|
Parent Case Info
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/701,547, which is a U.S. National Stage of International application PCT/FI99/00511, filed Jun. 11, 1999 and published on Jan. 6, 2000 in the English Language.
Continuation in Parts (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09701547 |
Nov 2000 |
US |
Child |
10298195 |
Nov 2002 |
US |