The present disclosure relates to a method in a communication device and a communication device for utilizing a first power mode and a second power mode of a digital interface between a first chip and a second chip.
Power consumption is a critical issue for many modern radio receivers. As an example, it is of particular interest to keep the power consumption low, when a radio receiver is powered by a battery. By decreasing the power consumption, time between recharging or exchange of the battery may be extended.
A known radio receiver may be a user equipment (UE). It shall be noted that in other examples, the radio receiver may be a radio base station. The user equipment may be configured to be able to communicate with a cellular radio communication network, such as a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA)/High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSPA) network or the like. The user equipment comprises a radio frequency chip (RF chip) for receiving a radio signal from the cellular radio communication network. Moreover, the user equipment comprises a base band chip for receiving a filtered and down converted RF signal from the RF chip. An interface between the RF chip and the base band chip is denoted a chip-to-chip interface or digital interface, which provides a wired communication link between the RF and base band chips. As an example, the interface may be implemented using a standard, such as DigRF. DigRF is a standard for specifying differential digital signaling for chip-to-chip communication. The chip-to-chip interface may be designed to be able to handle a worst case scenario. That is, chip-to-chip interface may be designed to transfer data from the RF chip to the base band chip at a highest possible data rate.
A problem associated with the transfer of data over the chip-to-chip interface may be that the power consumption is unnecessarily high. Therefore, the known radio receiver may be configured to operate in a hibernate mode, or sleep mode, which is used during sleep periods of a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle. In this manner, a frequency synthesizer of the receiver may be powered down in order reduce power consumption of the receiver. However, the need of reduced power consumption seems to be unappeasable. Therefore, there is a need of further reductions of the power consumption of receivers according to prior art.
An object is to reduce power consumption of a radio receiver, such as a user equipment.
According to an aspect, the object is achieved by a method in a communication device for utilizing a first power mode and a second power mode of a digital interface. The digital interface is between a first chip and a second chip. The digital interface, the first and second chips are comprised in the communication device. When in the second power mode, the digital interface receives a data signal in a first time slot. The data signal comprises a control channel and a data channel. When the digital interface is in the first power mode, the communication device will determine a first point in time based on information that is comprised in the control channel. Furthermore, when the digital interface is in first power mode, the communication device determines a second point in time based on amount of data which is carried by the data channel at the first point in time. At the second point in time, the digital interface is brought into the second power mode and the data signal is transferred.
According to an aspect, the object is achieved by a communication device for utilizing a first power mode and a second power mode of a digital interface. The digital interface is between a first chip and a second chip. The digital interface, the first and second chips are comprised in the communication device. The communication device further comprises a processing circuit. The radio receiver of the first chip is configured to receive, when in the second power mode, a data signal in a first time slot. The data signal comprises a control channel and a data channel. The processing circuit is configured to bring the digital interface into the first power mode. The processing circuit is further configured to determine a first point in time based on information comprised in the control channel. The processing circuit is further configured to determine a second point in time based on amount of data carried by the data channel and the first point in time. The processing circuit is further configured to bring the digital interface into the second power mode at the second point in time. The processing circuit is further configured to transfer the data signal over the digital interface.
An advantage is that the digital interface may be brought into the first power mode, such as a hibernate mode or the like, more frequently and/or for extended time periods.
The various aspects of embodiments disclosed herein, including particular features and advantages thereof, will be readily understood from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, in which:
With reference to the hibernate mode mentioned in the background section, the following may be noted.
In some case scenarios, there may be a possibility to use the hibernate mode also during other time periods than the sleep period of a DRX cycle. For example, this may be the case when the digital interface, being designed for worst case scenarios, has an over capacity in that an amount of data to be transferred over the digital interface is less than an amount of data that the digital interface is capable of transferring. Thus, in such scenario, it appears to be beneficial to bring the digital interface into the hibernate mode. When the digital interface is brought into the hibernate mode, also referred to as a sleep mode, a frequency synthesizer may be turned off. In this manner, a transmitter and/or a receiver, comprised in a user equipment or base station, may be powered down. However, when the digital interface is in the hibernate mode, a delay in the transmission over the digital interface is typically introduced. The delay may introduce problems in fulfilling timing constraints in the underlying cellular system. In the following, there is described two examples of timing constraints.
In a first example, relating to a WCDMA/HSPA network, the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) power control has very tight time constraints. This means that a delay in the digital interface may degrade performance of the WCDMA/HSPA network.
In a second example, relating to a LTE network or an HSPA network, there are requirements on Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) response. The timing of the HARQ response is determined by when the HARQ request is received. Typically, a fixed number of subframes determines the distance in time between the HARQ request and the HARQ response.
Hence, if the hibernate mode is used without taking such timing constraints into account, the system performance may degrade.
Briefly described, embodiments herein provide a concept for utilizing information about the timing constraints in a received signal or a signal to be transmitted for enabling and disabling a low power mode, such as a hibernate mode, of a digital interface, such as a chip-to-chip interface.
Furthermore, embodiments herein disclose how to utilize information about radio channel characteristics of the received signal. The received signal may be received over a radio channel. The timing constraints of the received signal may be used to determine a deadline, such as the initially mentioned first point in time, for when a transmission of a burst over the chip-to-chip interface needs to be finished. Furthermore, embodiments herein disclose how to utilize knowledge about whether a received signal is intended for a user equipment or not in order to decide whether a remaining part of a burst needs to be transferred over the chip-to-chip interface or not.
Embodiments disclosed herein are applicable for LTE as well as WCDMA/HSPA. Some background information regarding LTE and WCDMA/HSPA is provided in the following two paragraphs.
In LTE, information, such as scheduling, is signaled dedicated to each wireless communication device on a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), which PDCCH share the same downlink time, frequency and transmission power resources as a shared channel carrying the user data, i.e. a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). The PDCCH share frequency resources with the PDSCH, but the PDCCH and the PDSCH are separated in time. The PDCCH may use 1 to 3 of the first Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols of a sub frame. A sub frame may comprise 14 OFDM symbols. Thus, the PDSCH may use the 11 to 13 OFDM symbols following after the 1 to 3 OFDM symbols used by the PDCCH.
Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (VVCDMA) is another multiple-access technology, where user equipments receive data on different downlink channelization codes. In High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), where all user equipments share the same High-Speed Downlink Shared Channel (HS-DSCH) for data, they also need to be informed about the scheduling information, i.e. the downlink channelization codes and the transport format of the transmission. So here, the scheduling information comprises HS-DSCH channelization code and transport format, which is signaled on the High Speed Shared Control Channel (HS-SCCH). The HS-SCCH and the HS-PDSCH may share same base station power resource and same scrambling code, but they may have different channelization codes.
Throughout the following description similar reference numerals have been used to denote similar elements, parts, items, network nodes or features, when applicable. In the Figures, features that appear in some embodiments are indicated by dashed lines.
The communication device 100 comprises a chip-to-chip interface 130. The chip-to-chip interface 130 may constitute a connection between a first chip 110, such as a RF chip, and a second chip 120, such as a base band chip. Moreover, the connection may be a wired connection.
The first chip 130 of the communication device 100 comprises a radio receiver 101 for receiving, or transmitting, RF signals via an antenna 102. The radio receiver 101, or radio interface, may be said to constitute an interface between for instance a base station and the communication device 100, such as a user equipment.
Turning to
The following actions may be performed. Notably, in some embodiments of the method the order of the actions may differ from what is indicated below and/or in the Figure.
Action 201 When the digital interface 130 of the communication device 100 is in the second power mode, the communication device 100 receives a data signal in a first time slot, such as a subframe or slot. The received data signal comprises a control channel and a data channel. Furthermore, the control channel comprises information about radio channel characteristics and modulation.
Action 202 The communication device 100 brings the digital interface 130 into the first power mode. Expressed differently, the digital interface 130 of the communication device 100 enters the first power mode.
Action 203 The communication device 100 determines a first point in time based on information comprised in the control channel. This means that by taking information from the control channel about the timing constraints into account, it may be determined when a transmission of a burst of data over the digital interface is required to have been completely transferred. The burst of data may be transferred to the second chip from the first chip or vice versa.
The first point in time may be a point in time at which transfer of data must have finished in order to meet timing constraints as given by, for example, information comprised in the PDCCH.
Action 204 The communication device 100 further determines a second point in time based on amount of data carried by the data channel and the first point in time. This means that when the amount of data to be sent is known, when the timing constraints for when the transmission of the burst it to be completely transferred is known, and the transmission throughput is known, it is possible to determine when the transmission is required to begin in order to be to be finished on or before the first point in time.
Expressed differently, the second point in time may be a point in time at which transfer of data according to action 206 below is required to begin in order to finish at or before first point in time. The second point in time may determined based on amount of data to be transferred, data rate of the digital interface and the first point in time.
Action 205 The communication device 100 brings the digital interface 130 into the second power mode. Expressed differently, the digital interface 130 enters the second power mode at the second point in time.
Action 206 The communication device 100 transfers the data signal over the digital interface 130.
The received data signal in the first time slot may be received from a second communication device or the like.
Furthermore, the received data signal may comprise a parameter for which communication device to communicate with. Expressed somewhat differently, the parameter may identify an intended recipient of the data signal. As an example, the parameter may be a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI). If this parameter indicates that the received data signal is not intended for the communication device, the data signal will not be transferred over the digital interface. Instead, the digital interface may be brought into the first power mode, such as a hibernate mode.
According to embodiments presented herein, a compact burst of data may be transferred and/or the digital interface 130 may be put, or set, into hibernate mode.
According to some embodiments, the digital interface 130, 330 may be put into the first power mode during one idle period and may be put into the second power mode during one compact burst for each frame of data.
The power saving potential of using hibernate mode instead of active mode may be related to 100-1000 times less power consumption than for active mode, such as the second power mode.
An alternative to hibernate mode may be to use a stall mode. This means that all digital interfaces are active, but no data is transferred over the digital interfaces. However, the stall mode may consume approximately 10-100 times more power than the hibernate mode.
Turning now to
A radio signal may be received over the radio interface by the receiver 301 in the first chip 310, such as a radio frequency chip (RF). The first chip 310 is an example of the first chip 110 shown in
An interaction in the second chip 320 between the second digital interface 306, the detector 307 and a processor circuit 311 with use of a coder 308 and a buffer 309 will determine when the hibernate mode may be active by transferred a start/stop signal 315. The processor circuit 311 may receive bit resolution info 313 regarding the radio signal by use of a communication 314.
In order to set the activity of the digital interfaces, timing instants, such as the first and second point in time, may be determined in the processor circuit 311.
The detector 307, which comprises timing and frequency synchronization units, may determine the frame timing. Based on the frame timing, the timing instants are determined. Then, radio channel characteristics and/or information of the received data packets is determined. For instance, the radio channel characteristics and/or information of the received data packets may be determined by reading a control channel.
Below the present solution is further described by examples related to LTE and WCDMA/HSPA for downlink transmission. In uplink transmission, the communication device has full control over the amount of data to be transferred. LTE:
The sub-frame structure and a schematic picture according to the present solution for LTE are shown in
In LTE, there are timing constraints for making a Hybrid Automatic Repeat-reQuest (HARQ) Acknowledgement/Negative Acknowledgement (ACK/NAK) response 4 ms after a received packet. That will be the basis to set the requirements to decode the PDCCH 400 with a certain timing constraint. Therefore, there is a need to ensure that the end of the PDCCH 400 samples that are transferred over the digital interface 402 is reached at a certain time T1. The certain time T1 reduced with time for processing of a subsequent PDCCH may be the first point in time.
Since decoding of PDSCH 401 may not be started prior to decoding of PDCCH 400, parts of the PDSCH 401 may be buffered and the digital interface may be put into hibernate mode, denoted “off” in the Figure, until the PDCCH 400 is decoded. Hence, the PDCCH 400 as well as the PDSCH 401 samples are buffered 403 for some time and then transferred as late as possible without inferring additional delay. That is, the last samples of the PDCCH 400 should be transferred over the digital interface with minimum delay after the Digital Analog Converter (DAC). Furthermore, at least the PDCCH 400 samples do not need maximum performance of the digital interface, since the PDCCH 400 is transferred with QPSK, meaning a lower resolution. Therefore, a limited number of bits may be used, which may increase the duration of the time in hibernate mode, i.e. the first power mode.
The PDCCH 400 is then decoded. During decoding the PDSCH 401 samples out from the ADC 302, as depicted by
If 64-QAM 405 is detected, the maximum amount of data, i.e. high resolution, will be used. That is that the data must be transferred before next PDCCH 400 arrives giving a shorter time for hibernate than if QPSK is detected.
If QPSK 406 is detected, a lower resolution will be used in the transmission, which therefore will need a short time of active mode of digital interface before next PDCCH 400. Therefore, the duration of the hibernate mode may be extended.
In another case 407, the PDCCH 400 shows that no data is scheduled. Then, the buffer will be discarded and the digital interface may be set to idle mode, i.e. the first power mode, until the next PDCCH 400.
In yet another case, the transmission TX of data may be performed when an amount of data exceeds a threshold value indicative of an amount of data required for transfer. This means that when it is detected that the amount of data is less than the threshold value, no transfer of data takes place. The digital interface may then instead be set to the first power mode until a subsequent frame is to be processed. The data that was not transferred will be transferred together with data of the subsequent frame.
As depicted in
Below are different embodiments described referring to WCDMA/HSPA, both active and idle mode.
The frame structure for WCDMA is shown in
As an example, if HS-SCCH indicates 64-QAM 504, that is high code rate, high resolution may be needed for the transmission.
However, it is the Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH) that sets the timing constraints in WCDMA/HSPA. Firstly, a Transmit Power Control (TPC) 500 command in the DL is used for setting the TX power in the UL in the next slot, and secondly the DPCCH pilots is used for estimating the DL dedicated channel quality. This will determine the UL TPC 500 command to be transferred in the forthcoming slot. The TPC 500 command is transferred roughly after ⅕ of each slot, and the DPCCH pilots 501 at the end of each slot, as shown in
In the same way as for LTE, data are buffered and transferred over the digital interface with a timing determined by received timing constraints as given by the DPCCH. The TPC 500 samples are buffered 503 for some time and then transferred as late as possible without inferring additional delay in the TPC decoding. That is, the last samples of the TPC 500 should be transferred over the digital interface with minimum delay after the DAC. Further, the DPCCH pilots 501 must also be sent with minimum delay and are thereby treated the same way as the TPC 500. Hence, in a WCDMA/HS scenario, the digital interface may in one embodiment enable/disable the low power mode twice per slot. However, due to implementation constraint in other embodiments, it may only be possible to use one low power mode per slot.
As depicted in
In WCDMA, the user equipment may use Discontinuous Reception (DRX) in Idle Mode in order to reduce power consumption. When DRX is used the user equipment needs only to monitor one Page Indicator, (PI), in one paging Occasion per DRX cycle. The DRX cycle defines the periodicity of a DRX process where the longer the DRX cycle is, the longer the user equipment may be in hibernate mode.
The Paging Channel (PCH) is a downlink transport channel. The transmission of the PCH is associated with the transmission of physical-layer generated Paging Indicators, to support efficient sleep-mode procedures.
Each Secondary Common Control Physical Channel (S-CCPCH) indicated to the user equipment in system information may carry up to one PCH. Thus, for each defined PCH there is one uniquely associated Paging Indicator Channel (PICH) 602 also indicated.
The PICH 602 is a fixed rate physical channel enabled to carry the page indicators. The PICH 602 is always associated with an S-CCPCH 603 to which a PCH transport channel is mapped.
Thus, each DRX cycle reads a PICH 602.
If the PICH 602 is set, the user equipment should read the information on a control channel, S-CCPCH 603, that is delayed some milliseconds in relation to the PICH 602. This is shown in
To perform the method actions, referred to in
As mentioned above, the radio receiver 301 is configured to receive, in the second power mode, a data signal in a first time slot. The data signal comprises a control channel and a data channel.
As mentioned above, the processing circuit 311 is configured to bring the digital interface into the first power mode. As mentioned above, the processing circuit 311 is further configured to determine a first point in time based on information comprised in the control channel. As mentioned above, the processing circuit 311 is further configured to determine a second point in time based on amount of data carried by the data channel and the first point in time. As mentioned above, the processing circuit 311 is further configured to bring the digital interface 130, 330 into the second power mode at the second point in time. As mentioned above, the processing circuit 311 is further configured to transfer the data signal over the digital interface 130, 330.
The processing circuit 311 may be a processing unit, a processor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or the like. As an example, a processor, an ASIC, an FPGA or the like may comprise one or more processor kernels.
According to some embodiments, the communication device 100 is configured to utilize the information in the control channel about radio channel characteristics and modulation.
According to some embodiments, the communication device is configured to utilize the received data signal which comprises a parameter for which communication device to communicate with.
According to some embodiments, the communication device is configured to transfer the data signal in the second power mode over the digital interface to a base band chip.
Throughout the present disclose, the expression “transfer” is intended to relate to transfer of data, such as control information or payload information, between the first and second chips.
Moreover, the expression “transmit” is intended to relate to transmission between two communication devices.
When using the word “comprise” or “comprising” it shall be interpreted as non-limiting, i.e. meaning “consist at least of”.
The present disclosure is not limited to the above described preferred embodiments. Various alternatives, modifications and equivalents may be used. Therefore, the above embodiments should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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11156033.0 | Feb 2011 | EP | regional |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/EP12/52676 | 2/16/2012 | WO | 00 | 10/30/2013 |
Number | Date | Country | |
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61450698 | Mar 2011 | US |