Patent Application
20120315827
This application also claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 and/or §365 to European Application No. 11150683.8, filed Jan. 12, 2011, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating at least one workpiece, especially a workpiece comprising a cutting insert, the apparatus comprising a casing which at least partially encloses a first region and a second region, the first and second regions being adapted to be in communication with one another by at least one passage, and support means for supporting a carrier adapted to hold the at least one workpiece, the support means being adapted to support the carrier so that the at least one workpiece is positioned in the first region for treatment. Further, the present invention relates to a method for treating at least one workpiece, especially a workpiece comprising a cutting insert, comprising the step of holding the at least one workpiece, and the step of holding the at least one workpiece comprises holding the at least one workpiece by means of a carrier which is, at least partly, positioned in a casing, the casing at least partially enclosing a first region and a second region which are adapted to be in communication with one another by at least one passage, and the at least one workpiece is positioned in the first region for treatment.
In the discussion that follows, reference is made to certain structures and/or methods. However, the following references should not be construed as an admission that these structures and/or methods constitute prior art. Applicants expressly reserve the right to demonstrate that such structures and/or methods do not qualify as prior art against the present invention.
When manufacturing cutting inserts, e.g. cutting inserts for cutting titanium, steel, aluminium, castings or other materials, the cutting inserts are often blasted. Blasting, e.g. abrasive blasting, wet blasting or dry blasting, is the operation of propelling a stream of blasting medium, e.g. abrasive material, against a surface of a work-piece under pressure to smooth a rough surface, roughen a smooth surface, shape a surface, or remove surface contaminants or impurities, e.g. cobalt or graphite. When the cutting inserts are surface-coated, blasting may be used to remove one or a plurality of layers from the cutting insert at certain regions. Blasting may also be used for edge radiusing, polishing and honing etc. The cutting inserts may be surface-coated and may be made of cemented carbide, cermet or ceramics, or a part thereof may be made of cemented carbide, cermet or ceramics. However, other materials are also possible. It is efficient to blast several cutting inserts at the same time. To blast several cutting inserts at the same time, a carrier is often used, which has a plurality of seats in the form of compartments or pockets, each seat holding a cutting insert. The carrier is then inserted into a blasting cabinet in which the cutting inserts, held by the carrier, are blasted. During the blasting operation, the cutting inserts are generally subjected to impacts of the blasting material of such magnitude that the cutting inserts must be retained in the seats/pockets by additional retaining means to prevent the cutting inserts from being displaced or leaving the seats. Conventionally, a cover net or grid is provided over the cutting inserts held by a carrier to retain the cutting inserts in the seats while allowing the blasting material to pass through the openings of the cover net to impact the surface of the cutting inserts. Other ways to retain the cutting inserts in their positions in the carrier may be the use of magnets or the use of vertical pins between which the cutting inserts may be retained, or if the cutting inserts have through-holes, the through-holes of the cutting inserts may be engaged by the vertical pins to retain the inserts. If the cutting inserts would simply rest in the seats of the carrier without any cover net or vertical pins, the blast angle would be limited, i.e. the angle at which the blasting medium is propelled to the surface of the cutting insert, as the flow of blasting medium should form an angle of about 90 degrees with the plane of the carrier to avoid dislocating the cutting inserts. However, even with such a blast angle, the freely resting cutting inserts may still be dislocated by the blasting medium.
EP-A1-1 792 691 discloses a method for manufacturing surface-coated cutting inserts including the step of clamping and holding one surface coated cutting insert with a pair of rotary shafts which are rotatable around an axis and the step of jetting an abrasive fluid to the surface of the cutting insert while rotating the cutting insert.
EP-A1-1 172 177 describes a dry surface treating apparatus including a rotating tubular barrel having a porous peripheral surface for accommodating a work piece, to treat the surface of the work piece while rotating the tubular barrel. The work piece may be blasted while being accommodated in the tubular barrel.
EP-A1-0 248 096 discloses a method and an apparatus for grading a work piece by holding and rotating the work piece around two axes by means of a holder having clamps.
The inventors of the present invention have identified problems in prior art with regard to retaining cutting inserts in the carrier by means of a cover net or vertical pins. The vertical pins and the bars of the cover net cover will cover portions of the surface of the cutting inserts and these portions will consequently not be treated, e.g. blasted, or at least not satisfactory blasted, and the cutting inserts will be irregularly treated during the blasting operation. One way to compensate for this may be to displace the cover net, e.g. by rotation, after a first blasting and subsequently perform a second blasting. However, the inventors have found that this is a time consuming operation, and the cutting inserts may still be irregularly treated and not evenly treated to a satisfactory degree. It has also been found that the above-identified problems arise for other surface treatments of cutting inserts, or other items, e.g. shot peening etc.
Further, the inventors of the present invention have identified the following problems with regard to holding workpieces by means of vertical pins: the vertical pins should be thin, and consequently, even small amount of wear makes the pins ineffective. The vertical pins are preferably used for workpieces having a through-hole. However, all workpieces do not have such a through-hole. When a vertical pin is inserted into a through-hole of a workpiece in order to hold it, the insert may rotate which may lead to inconsistent processing, which is an enhanced problem with regard to edge radiusing. When the workpieces do not have any through-hole, several peripheral pins are needed to hold the periphery of the workpiece, and these peripheral pins may be even more susceptible to wear effects. Peripheral pins must be slightly shorter than the depth of insert if they are positioned at a cutting edge. Peripheral pins must be placed at specific positions and have a specific length, and as a consequence, a greater range of different carriers or trays is required.
Further, the inventors of the present invention have identified the following problems with regard to holding workpieces by means of magnets: the holding force of regular magnets can be too low. The holding force is improved by using high-strength magnets, but workpieces may have to be subsequently demagnetized. Magnets may have to be protected with a wear surface, which per se reduces the holding force. The use of multiple magnets together can be troublesome as the magnetic flux is difficult to control. The use of magnets makes it difficult for the operator to actively displace or move the workpieces during treatment when this is required. The use of magnet carriers or individual magnets can restrict the flow of process fluids away from the part being processed, which may disturb the processing and create a backwash which acts to lift the workpieces out of the carrier. Magnet holding devices attract process residues, e.g. old carbide dust etc, which tend to stick to holding device surfaces and may compromise final cleanliness levels achievable through the rinsing and/or drying stage.
The object of the present invention is thus to improve the treatment of workpieces, especially cutting inserts. A further object of the present invention is to improve the blasting of workpieces, especially workpieces in the form of cutting inserts. Another object is to provide workpieces that are regularly treated, especially regularly treated by a blasting operation.
At least one of the above-mentioned objects of the present invention is attained by providing an apparatus for treating at least one workpiece, the apparatus comprising a casing which at least partially encloses a first region and a second region, the first and second regions being adapted to be in communication with one another by at least one passage, and support means for supporting a carrier adapted to hold the at least one workpiece, the support means being adapted to support the carrier so that the at least one workpiece is positioned in the first region for treatment, wherein the apparatus comprises differential pressure creating means for creating a pressure difference between the first region and the second region, the at least one pressure of the second region being lower than the at least one pressure of the first region, to force the at least one workpiece toward the carrier, wherein the at least one passage is adapted to be in communication with both the first region and the second region when the carrier is supported by the support means, and wherein the differential pressure creating means are adapted to guide a flow of medium or media from the first region to the second region through the at least one passage in order, at least partly, to create said pressure difference.
By the present invention, the at least one workpiece is efficiently and firmly held in a correct position in the carrier, without the aid of any magnets or members covering the workpiece and thus without any members blocking the blasting medium or media, or any other medium for treatment, and consequently, the workpieces are regularly treated during the wet or dry blasting operation, or any other treatment operation. A greater portion of the surface of the workpiece may be blasted at the same time. There is no need for performing a second subsequent blasting. Since the workpieces can be held without any means that need to cover the workpieces, the rate of the blasting operation is improved and the productivity is improved and manufacturing costs are reduced. Further, the blast angle, i.e. the angle at which the blasting medium is propelled to the surface of the workpiece, is not limited. Surface portions of the workpiece which have a substantially vertical extension when the workpiece is held by the carrier are blasted in a more efficient way by the present invention. Further, the inventors of the present invention have also found that the present invention is advantageous for holding workpieces during other treatments, especially treatments when a medium is propelled or jetted to a surface of the workpiece, e.g. shot peening, rinsing, drying, or other treatments, e.g. additional treatments following the blasting as disclosed in more detail below. The apparatus of the present invention is especially advantageous for cutting inserts. Thus, by the present invention, the treatment, such as blasting, shot peening, rinsing or drying, of workpieces, especially cutting inserts, is improved. By the present invention, the use of vertical pins, a cover net or magnets to hold workpieces is avoided, and consequently, the above-mentioned drawbacks of these prior art holding methods are overcome. The casing may enclose the first region and the second region.
By guiding a flow of medium or media from the first region to the second region through the at least one passage, said pressure difference is created in an efficient way, whereby the at least one workpiece is efficiently held in a correct position in the carrier, and the treatment of the workpiece is further improved. By the present invention, the medium or media used during the treatment is efficiently evacuated or discharged from the first region to the second region. Further, by means of the present invention, one and the same system may be arranged to hold the workpiece and to take care of the medium used for treating the workpiece. Two separated systems, which may be the case in prior art, i.e. one system for holding the workpiece by means of vacuum, or a negative pressure, and another system for taking care of the medium used for treating the workpiece, are not required by means of the present invention. Thus, an improved apparatus for treating at least one workpiece, which is less complex in its structure, is provided.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the support means is adapted to support a carrier adapted to hold at least one workpiece comprising a cutting insert. Advantageously, the support means is adapted to support a carrier adapted to hold a plurality of workpieces, e.g. a plurality of cutting inserts. The support means may be in the form of one or a plurality of supports. The differential pressure creating means may be in the form differential pressure creating equipment. The differential pressure creating means may comprise one or a plurality of fans or blowers. The differential pressure creating means may comprise one or a plurality of valves and/or pumps. The apparatus may comprise the carrier. The carrier may be made of any suitable material which may satisfactory withstand the treatment environment.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the differential pressure creating means are adapted to create a first pressure in the second region in order to create said pressure difference. The pressure of the first region may be at atmospheric pressure, or at another pressure. This is an efficient way to create said pressure difference, whereby the at least one workpiece is efficiently held in a correct position in the carrier, and the treatment of the workpiece is further improved.
According to a further advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the differential pressure creating means are adapted to create a second pressure in the first region in order to create said pressure difference. The pressure of the second region may be at atmospheric pressure, or at another pressure. This is an efficient way to create said pressure difference, whereby the at least one workpiece is efficiently held in a correct position in the carrier, and the treatment of the workpiece is further improved.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the casing is provided with an outlet, and in that the differential pressure creating means are adapted to evacuate a medium or media from the second region via the outlet in order to, at least partly, create said pressure difference. This is an efficient way to create said pressure difference, whereby the at least one workpiece is efficiently held in a correct position in the carrier, and the treatment of the workpiece is further improved. Further, at the same time the pressure difference is attained by this embodiment, the medium or media used during the treatment or treatments and fed to the second region may be evacuated from the second region. The medium or media evacuated from the second region may comprise a fluid or fluids, e.g. a liquid or liquids, gas, e.g. air, or a gas mixture, solids, a slurry and/or medium or media used during and for the treatment, or mixtures thereof.
According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the differential pressure creating means comprise suction means for drawing out the medium or media of the second region via the outlet in order to, at least partly, create said pressure difference. This is an efficient way to create said pressure difference, whereby the at least one workpiece is efficiently held in a correct position in the carrier, and the treatment of the workpiece is further improved. Further, at the same time the pressure difference is attained by this embodiment, the medium or media used during the treatment and fed to the second region may be drawn from the second region. The suction means may be in the form of suction equipment, and may include at least one pump.
According to still another advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the casing is provided with an inlet, and the differential pressure creating means are adapted to feed a medium or media to the first region via the inlet in order to, at least partly, create said pressure difference. This is an efficient way to create said pressure difference, whereby the at least one workpiece is efficiently held in a correct position in the carrier, and the treatment of the workpiece is further improved. The medium or media fed to the first region may comprise a fluid or fluids, e.g. a gas or a gas mixture, e.g. air, or may even be liquid or solid media and/or medium or media used during the treatment.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the support means is adapted to support a carrier having at least one seat for holding a workpiece, the seat being provided with at least one through-hole, and the support means is adapted to support the carrier such that the at least one through-hole of the carrier is in communication with the second region and the at least one passage. This is an efficient way to create said pressure difference, whereby the at least one workpiece is efficiently held in a correct position in the carrier, and the treatment of the workpiece is improved.
According to a further advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the support means is adapted to support a carrier having at least one through-hole, the support means is adapted to support the carrier such that the at least one through-hole of the carrier is in communication with the first and second regions and the at least one passage, and the differential pressure creating means are adapted to guide a flow of medium or media through the at least one through-hole of the carrier. This is an efficient way to create said pressure difference, whereby the at least one workpiece is efficiently held in a correct position in the carrier, and the treatment of the workpiece is further improved. By this embodiment, the medium or media used during the treatment is efficiently discharged or evacuated from the first region to the second region and subsequently discharged from the second region. Further, the environment in the first region is improved.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the support means is adapted to support a carrier having at least one seat for holding a workpiece, the seat being provided with the at least one through-hole. The seat may be a flat surface, a pocket or a compartment, i.e. the carrier may be a flat plate or a may be provided with at least one pocket, defined by walls, for example. By providing said through-hole at the seat, the discharge or evacuation of the medium or media, used during the treatment, from the first region is further improved. A seat may be provided with a plurality of through-holes and each through-hole may have various shapes.
According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the apparatus has at least one base for supporting the apparatus, the base being adapted to rest on a substantially horizontal surface, and the support means is adapted to support the carrier so that the plane of the carrier is substantially parallel to said substantially horizontal surface. By this embodiment, also the force of gravity acting on the workpiece contributes to force the workpiece toward the carrier, whereby the at least one workpiece is efficiently held in a correct position in the carrier, and the treatment of the workpiece is improved. Alternatively, the support means may be adapted to support the carrier so that the plane of the carrier forms an angle with said substantially horizontal surface.
According to still another advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the first region is provided with workpiece treating means for treating the at least one workpiece held by the carrier. The workpiece treating means may be in the form of workpiece treating equipment.
According to yet an advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the workpiece treating means are arranged to propel or jet a medium to a surface of the at least one workpiece held by the carrier to treat the at least one workpiece.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the workpiece treating means comprise blasting means for propelling a blasting medium to a surface of the at least one workpiece held by the carrier. The blasting means may be adapted for wet and/or dry blasting. The innovative way of holding the workpiece in a correct position is advantageous for a treatment including blasting as the workpiece during blasting is subjected to relatively great forces. The blasting medium may be any blasting medium known to the skilled person. The blasting means may be in the form of blasting equipment. The blasting means may comprise one or a plurality of blast nozzles. The blasting means may comprise one or a plurality of blast guns. The blasting means may comprise one or a plurality of turbines. The blasting means may comprise vacuum-powered blasting means.
According to a further advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the workpiece treating means comprise rinsing means for jetting a rinsing medium to a surface of the at least one workpiece held by the carrier. The innovative way of holding the workpiece in a correct position is advantageous for a treatment including rinsing. For example, the rinsing medium or media can be provided at a higher pressure. The rinsing medium may be a fluid, e.g. water, or any fluid mixture suitable for rinsing and known to the skilled person. The rinsing means may be in the form of rinsing equipment. The rinsing means may comprise one or a plurality of rinsing nozzles.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the workpiece treating means comprise shot peening means for propelling a peening medium to a surface of the at least one workpiece held by the carrier. The shot peening means may be adapted for wet and/or dry shot peening. The innovative way of holding the workpiece in a correct position, is advantageous for a treatment including shot peening. The shot peening means may be adapted for wet or dry shot peening. The peening medium may be any peening medium known to the skilled person. The shot peening means may be in the form of shot peening equipment. The shot peening means may comprise one or a plurality of shot peening nozzles. The shot peening means may comprise one or a plurality of shot peening guns.
According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the workpiece treating means comprise drying means for guiding a drying medium to a surface of the at least one workpiece held by the carrier. The innovative way of holding the workpiece in a correct position, is advantageous for a treatment including drying. By this embodiment the at least one workpiece is efficiently and quickly dried, which is important if the workpiece comprises an insert, e.g. a cemented carbide insert, which is sensitive to corrosion, e.g. when being wet by the rinsing medium. The drying medium may be a gas or a gas mixture, e.g. air. The drying means may be in the form of drying equipment. The drying means may comprise one or a plurality of drying nozzles.
According to still another advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the second region is provided with at least one fluid nozzle for jetting a fluid or a fluid mixture to the at least one passage. The fluid nozzle may be a gas nozzle and the fluid or fluid mixture may be a gas or gas mixture. The gas or gas mixture may be air or any other suitable gas or gas mixture known to the skilled person. By this embodiment, an efficient drying of the workpiece is provided. By the jetted fluid of the fluid nozzle and said pressure difference, it is possible to elevate the workpiece in a controlled manner from its physical contact with the carrier, and thus exposing the surface of the workpiece which rests against the carrier to drying medium. Thus, the bottom side of the workpiece will be efficiently dried as well. By this embodiment, also an efficient rinsing of the workpiece is provided, and the surface of the workpiece which rests against the carrier may be exposed to rinsing medium. When rinsing, the at least one fluid nozzle may be adapted to jet a fluid or a fluid mixture comprising a gas or gas mixture, or a liquid or liquid mixture, or a mixture thereof, i.e. a mixture of gas and liquid. The at least one fluid nozzle may be a plurality of fluid nozzles. The at least one fluid nozzle may be movable in relation to the support means, and thus also in relation to the carrier and the workpieces, to jet the fluid or the fluid mixture to all workpieces held by the carrier. The at least one fluid nozzle may be movable in relation to the casing of the apparatus. The support means and the carrier may be movable in relation to the casing of the apparatus. Alternatively, the at least one fluid nozzle may be adapted to jet the fluid or the fluid mixture to all the workpieces held by the carrier without being movable in relation to the support means.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, where the second region is provided with the at least one fluid nozzle, the apparatus comprises nozzle controlling means for controlling the fluid or fluid mixture jetted from the fluid nozzle, and the nozzle controlling means and/or the differential pressure creating means are/is adapted to balance the pressure difference force acting on the at least one workpiece and the fluid jetting force acting on the at least one workpiece. The nozzle controlling means may be in the form of nozzle controlling equipment. The nozzle controlling means may comprise a nozzle controlling device for controlling the rate of the fluid flow of the fluid nozzle and/or the size of the orifice of the fluid nozzle.
However, the workpiece treating means may comprise other workpiece treating means, e.g. means for washing at low pressure, means for solvent cleaning, means for solvent drying, means for polishing, means for grinding, means for brushing, means for deburring, means for surface finishing, means for lapping, means for texturing, means for roughening, means for cleaning, means for striping, means for etching, means for de-coating, means for heat and other scale removal, means for honing etc. A plurality of the different workpiece treating means may be provided in the same first region. The different workpiece treating means may be provided in different first regions, and the support means may be adapted to move the carrier between the plurality of first regions, e.g. automatically, e.g. by conveyor means, e.g. a conveyor belt, or the carrier may be manually moved between the plurality of first regions. Some examples are given below in the detailed description of embodiments.
The carrier may be adapted to hold at least one workpiece in the form of an item, component or object. According to an advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the support means is adapted to support a carrier which is adapted to hold at least one workpiece comprising a cutting insert. However, the carrier may be adapted to hold other workpieces, e.g. turbine blades, medical components, small sized machined or formed components or parts, electronic components in general, striping and etching silicon wafers during IC manufacture, circuit boards during manufacture (e.g. for de-smearing, deoxidizing or through-hole de-burring), circuit boards during repair, composite plastic parts, high precision castings, high precision machined parts, etching glass components, medical implants (e.g. teeth, joint, heart components, pacemakers etc), attachments or fixings (e.g. nuts and bolts, e.g. prior to plating or drying decontamination or peening operations), sporting equipment etc.
According to a further advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the casing has a first chamber and a second chamber, the first and second chambers being adapted to be in communication with one another by the at least one passage, and the first chamber at least partially encloses the first region and the second chamber at least partially encloses the second region. Advantageously, at least one of the first and second chambers is sufficiently gas-proof or air tight to maintain or hold a pressure. Advantageously, at least the second chamber is sufficiently gas-proof to maintain or hold a pressure. Advantageously, the first and second chambers are sufficiently gas-proof to maintain or hold a pressure. The first chamber may enclose the first region and the second chamber may enclose the second region.
At least one of the above-mentioned objects of the present invention is also attained by providing a method for treating at least one workpiece, comprising the step of holding the at least one workpiece, and the step of holding the at least one workpiece comprises holding the at least one workpiece by means of a carrier which is, at least partly, positioned in a casing, the casing at least partially enclosing a first region and a second region which are adapted to be in communication with one another by at least one passage, and the at least one workpiece is positioned in the first region for treatment, wherein the step of holding the at least one workpiece comprises
supporting the carrier such that the at least one passage is in communication with both the first region and the second region,
forcing the at least one workpiece toward the carrier by creating a pressure difference between the first region and the second region, the at least one pressure of the second region being lower than the at least one pressure of the first region, and
guiding a flow of medium or media from the first region to the second region through the at least one passage in order to, at least partly, create said pressure difference.
By the method according to the present invention, the at least one workpiece is efficiently and firmly held in a correct position in the carrier, without the aid of any members covering the workpiece and thus without any members blocking the blasting medium or media, and consequently, the workpieces are regularly treated during the blasting operation, or any other treatment operation. By guiding a flow of medium or media from the first region to the second region through the at least one passage, said pressure difference is created in an efficient way, whereby the at least one workpiece is efficiently held in a correct position in the carrier, and the treatment of the workpiece is further improved. Further positive effects of the method according to the present invention correspond to the above-mentioned technical effects mentioned in connection with the apparatus according to the present invention. The casing may enclose the first region and the second region.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, said pressure difference is, at least partly, created by creating a first pressure in the second region.
According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, said pressure difference is, at least partly, created by creating a second pressure in the first region.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, said pressure difference is, at least partly, created by evacuating a medium or media contained in the second region via an outlet of the casing.
According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, said pressure difference is, at least partly, created by drawing out the medium or media of the second region via the outlet of the casing.
According to still another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, said pressure difference is, at least partly, created by feeding a medium or media to the first region via an inlet of the casing.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the step of holding the at least one workpiece comprises supporting a carrier having at least one seat for holding a workpiece, the seat being provided with at least one through-hole, such that the at least one through-hole of the carrier is in communication with the second region and the at least one passage.
According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the step of holding the at least one workpiece comprises supporting a carrier, having at least one through-hole, such that the at least one through-hole of the carrier is in communication with the first and second regions and the at least one passage, and guiding a flow of medium or media through the at least one through-hole of the carrier.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the step of holding the at least one workpiece comprises supporting a carrier, having at least one seat for holding a workpiece, the seat being provided with the at least one through-hole, such that the at least one through-hole of the seat is in communication with the first and second regions and the at least one passage.
According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the step of holding the at least one workpiece comprises holding the at least one workpiece vertically on top of the carrier or vertically above the carrier. By this embodiment, also the force of gravity acting on the workpiece contributes to force the workpiece toward the carrier, whereby the at least one workpiece is efficiently held in a correct position in the carrier, and the treatment of the workpiece is improved. The apparatus may have at least one base for supporting the apparatus, the base being adapted to rest on a substantially horizontal surface, and the step of holding the at least one workpiece may comprise supporting the carrier so that the plane of the carrier is substantially parallel to said substantially horizontal surface. Alternatively, the carrier may be supported so that the plane of the carrier forms an angle with said substantially horizontal surface.
According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the method comprises the step of treating a surface of the at least one workpiece by propelling or jetting a medium to the surface of the at least one workpiece held by the carrier.
According to still another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the method comprises the step of blasting a surface of the at least one workpiece, and the step of blasting comprises propelling a blasting medium to the surface of the at least one workpiece held by the carrier.
However, the method may comprise other steps of treatment, e.g. washing at low pressure, solvent cleaning, solvent drying, polishing, grinding, brushing, deburring, surface finishing, lapping, texturing, roughening, cleaning, striping, etching, de-coating, heat and other scale removal and/or honing etc.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the method comprises the step of rinsing a surface of the at least one workpiece, and the step of rinsing comprises jetting a rinsing medium to the surface of the at least one workpiece held by the carrier.
According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the method comprises the step of shot peening the at least one workpiece, and the step of shot peening comprises propelling a peening medium to a surface of the at least one workpiece held by the carrier.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the method comprises the step of drying the at least one workpiece, and the step of drying comprises guiding a drying medium to a surface of the at least one workpiece held by the carrier.
According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the step of drying and/or rinsing the at least one workpiece comprises jetting a fluid or a fluid mixture from a fluid nozzle to the at least one passage. Advantageously, the fluid or fluid mixture may be jetted from the fluid nozzle to the at least one passage in a substantially upward direction. However, other suitable directions are possible. The fluid or fluid mixture may comprise a gas or gas mixture, or a liquid or liquid mixture, or a mixture thereof, i.e. a mixture of gas and liquid. When drying, the fluid or fluid mixture is advantageously a gas or a gas mixture.
According to still another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the step of drying the at least one workpiece comprises controlling the fluid or fluid mixture jetted from the fluid nozzle and/or said pressure difference to balance the pressure difference force acting on the at least one workpiece and the fluid jetting force acting on the at least one workpiece.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the at least one workpiece, which is treated, comprises a cutting insert.
According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the casing has a first chamber and a second chamber, the first and second chambers being adapted to be in communication with one another by the at least one passage, and the first chamber at least partially encloses the first region and the second chamber at least partially encloses the second region. The first chamber may enclose the first region and the second chamber may enclose the second region.
In the above disclosed embodiments of the apparatus and the method according to the present invention, the first chamber may correspond to the first region, and the second chamber may correspond to the second region.
Positive technical effects of the method according to the present invention, and its embodiments, correspond to the above-mentioned technical effects mentioned in connection with the apparatus according to the present invention, and its embodiments.
The above-mentioned features and embodiments of the method and the apparatus, respectively, may be combined in various possible ways providing further advantageous embodiments.
Further advantageous embodiments of the method and apparatus, respectively, according to the present invention and further advantages with the present invention emerge from the detailed description of embodiments.
The present invention will now be described, for exemplary purposes, in more detail by way of embodiments and with reference to the enclosed drawings, in which:
Alternatively, the casing may have only a single chamber, and the support means 316 may comprise a plurality of vertical rods or bars 320, e.g. four bars, which may be spaced apart. For example, the vertical bars 320 may be positioned at positions corresponding to the positions of the corners of the side walls of a tubular support 318 having a rectangular cross-section. Other support means for a casing having only one chamber are possible. A casing, having only one chamber, may still enclose a first region 304 and a second region 306 as disclosed above.
The support 318 is adapted to support the carrier 102 so that the cutting inserts 114 of the carrier 102 are positioned in the first region/chamber 304 for treatment. The apparatus may have a base 322 for supporting the apparatus, and the base 322 is adapted to rest on a substantially horizontal surface 324, e.g. a floor. The second chamber 306 may be positioned between the passage 314 and the base 322. The support 318 may be adapted to support the carrier 102 so that the plane 326 of the carrier 102 is substantially parallel to said substantially horizontal surface 324. The second chamber 306 is provided with an outlet 327 which may be located at the bottom wall 312 of the casing 302, and the first chamber 304 is provided with an inlet 328 which may be located at the top wall 310 of the casing 302.
The passage 314 is adapted to be in communication with both the first chamber/region and the second chamber/region 304, 306 when the carrier 102 is supported by the support 318, and the support 318 may be adapted to support the carrier 102 such that the through-holes 110 of the carrier 102 is in communication with the first and second chambers/regions 304, 306 and passage 314.
The first chamber/region 304 may be provided with workpiece treating means for treating the cutting inserts 114 held by the carrier 102. The workpiece treating means may be arranged to propel or jet a medium to a surface of the at least one workpiece 114 held by the carrier 102 to treat the at least one workpiece. The workpiece treating means may comprise blasting means comprising a blast nozzle 330 for propelling a blasting medium to a surface of the cutting inserts 114 held by the carrier 102. Various types of blasting media are known to the skilled person. The workpiece treating means may comprise rinsing means comprising a plurality of rinsing nozzles 332 for jetting a rinsing medium, e.g. water, e.g. with solvent addition, or other rinsing fluid or liquid, to a surface of the cutting inserts 114 held by the carrier 102. The workpiece treating means may comprise drying means comprising drying nozzles 334 for guiding a drying medium, e.g. a gas or a gas mixture, e.g. air, to a surface of the cutting inserts 114 held by the carrier 102. Instead of blasting means, the workpiece treating means may comprise shot peening means, e.g. for dry or wet peening, for propelling a shot peening medium to a surface of the at least one workpiece held by the carrier, and/or other workpiece treating means. Further components and units of the workpiece treating means for performing each treatment are well known to the skilled person and thus not further discussed in detail. The media of each treatment may be guided from the first chamber 304 via the through-holes 110 or the carrier 102 and the passage 314 to the second chamber 306. From the second chamber 306, the media of each treatment, or mixtures thereof, are discharged from the second chamber 306 via the outlet 327 of the second chamber 306 to a separator 336 to which the outlet 327 may be connectable via a conduit 338. In the separator 336, gas is separated from solid and liquid material at least partly by way of gravity, in ways known to the skilled person, and the gas is guided upward and solid and liquid material is guided downward to a receptacle 340 which in turn is connected to a filter system 342 for treating the solid and liquid material and processing the material to suitable blasting medium in ways known to the skilled person. The processed blasting medium is led back to the blast nozzle 330 by a conduit 344 in ways known to the skilled person and thus not discussed in more detail. The separator 336 may be connected to the inlet 328 of the first chamber 304 via a gas conduit 346 provided with a gas valve 348 and a fan 350. The gas separated in the separator 336 may thus be guided back the first chamber 304 via the conduit 346.
The apparatus comprises differential pressure creating means for creating a pressure difference P2−P1 between the first region 304 and the second region 306, and between the first chamber 304 and the second chamber 306, the pressure P1 of the second chamber/region 306 being lower than the pressure P2 of the first chamber/region 304, to force the cutting inserts 114 toward the carrier 102. The differential pressure creating means may comprise the gas valve 348, the fan 350 and the suction means, such as a suction unit 352, e.g. a fan, a pump or valve means. The suctions unit 352 may be adapted to draw or suck out the medium or media of the second chamber 306 via the outlet 327. The media drawn out of the second chamber 306 may be blasting media, rinsing media, drying medium, or a mixture thereof. The fan 350 may be adapted to feed gas or a gas mixture, e.g. air, to the first chamber 304 via the inlet 328. Further, the differential pressure creating means may comprise a control unit 354 connected to the suction unit 352, the gas valve 348 and the fan 350. The control unit 354 may also be connected to pressure measuring means, e.g. in the form of a first pressure gauge 356 for measuring the pressure P1 in the second chamber 306 and a second pressure gauge 358 for measuring the pressure P2 in the first chamber 304. The control unit 354 may comprise processing means 359, e.g. a CPU. The control unit 354 may be adapted to control the suction unit 352, the gas valve 348 and the fan 350 based on the data and measurements of the pressure gauges 356, 358.
The differential pressure creating means may be adapted to create a first pressure P1 in the second chamber 306 in order to create said pressure difference, or may be adapted to create a second pressure P2 in the first chamber 304 in order to create said pressure difference. However, the second pressure P2 in the first chamber 304 may also correspond to the atmospheric pressure. The control unit 354 may be adapted to control the suction unit 352 to evacuate media contained in the second chamber 306 via the outlet 327 in order to, at least partly, create said pressure difference. The control unit 354 may be adapted to control the fan 350 and/or the gas valve 348 to feed a medium or media to the first chamber 304 to, at least partly, create said pressure difference. The control unit 354 may be adapted to control the suction unit 352, the fan 350 and/or the gas valve 348 to guide a flow of medium or media from the first chamber 304 to the second chamber 306 through the through-holes 110 of the carrier 102 and the passage 314 in order to, at least partly, create said pressure difference.
Further, the second chamber 306 is provided with at least one fluid nozzle 360 for jetting a fluid or a fluid mixture, e.g. liquid, such as water, or gas, such as air, to the passage 314, the through-holes 110 of the carrier 102 and to the bottom side of the cutting inserts 114. The control unit 354 may comprise nozzle controlling means 362 for controlling the fluid or the fluid mixture jetted from the fluid nozzle 360, and the nozzle controlling means and/or the differential pressure creating means may be adapted to balance the pressure difference force acting on each cutting inserts 114 and the fluid jetting force acting on each cutting inserts 114. By balancing the pressure difference force acting on each cutting inserts 114 and the fluid jetting force acting on each cutting inserts 114, it is possible to elevate the cutting insert 114 in a controlled manner from its physical contact with the carrier 102, and thus exposing the bottom side of the cutting insert 114, which rests against the carrier 102, to drying medium and/or rinsing medium.
Alternatively, the gas or gas mixture which the fan 350 feeds to the first chamber 304 may be taken from other locations than from the separator 336, e.g. from the atmosphere outside the casing 302. Further alternatives to the apparatus shown in
The force by which a cutting insert 114 is forced toward the carrier 102 is dependent on the difference P2−P1 between the pressure P1 of the second chamber 306 and the pressure P2 of the first chamber 304 and the geometry of the cutting insert 114.
In the above disclosed embodiments of the apparatus, the first chamber 304 may correspond to the first region 304, and the second chamber 306 may correspond to the second region 306.
With reference to
Alternatively, the step of rinsing 810 may also include the step of jetting a fluid or a fluid mixture from a fluid nozzle to the at least one passage and the bottom side of the cutting inserts 114 in a substantially upward direction, or in any other suitable direction, e.g. from the side, while controlling the fluid or the fluid mixture jetted from the fluid nozzle and/or said pressure difference to balance the pressure difference force acting on each cutting insert and the fluid jetting force acting on each cutting insert. When rinsing, the fluid or fluid mixture may be a gas or gas mixture, or a liquid or liquid mixture, or a mixture thereof, i.e. a mixture of gas and liquid.
Alternatively, the step of rinsing 914 of the method of
During the step of rinsing 810, 914 and/or the step of drying 812, 920 the cutting inserts 114 may be rinsed and dried, respectively, without jetting the fluid or the fluid mixture from the fluid nozzle to the at least one passage. For example, the cutting inserts 114 may be subjected to rinsing medium and/or drying medium without being elevated by jetted fluid from the fluid nozzle. The fluid or the fluid mixture may be periodically jetted from the fluid nozzle to the at least one passage during the rinsing and/or drying.
In the above disclosed embodiments of the method according to the present invention, the first chamber may correspond to the first region, and the second chamber may correspond to the second region.
The invention shall not be considered limited to the embodiments illustrated, but can be modified and altered in many ways by one skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11150683.8 | Jan 2011 | EP | regional |
