The invention relates to elevators, elevator maintenance, elevator condition checking and a method for automatic an elevator condition checking.
Nowadays, there is a large installation base of elevators in seismically active geographical areas. The elevators in seismically active areas represent a problem for maintenance. In order to ensure that any damage possibly caused by an earthquake to an elevator does not pose a threat to passengers, the elevators are equipped with seismic detection devices. A seismic detection device determines whether a magnitude of a seismic event such as an earthquake exceeds a predefined threshold value. If the threshold value is exceeded, at least one elevator associated with the seismic detection device is put out of service. An elevator that has been put out of service due to a seismic event can only be put back to service following a manual reset performed by a maintenance person. The maintenance person must inspect the elevator visually before the resetting. Following a seismic event, such as an earthquake, elevators in the area affected by the seismic event may be out of service for a very long time, because limited service personnel must conduct the visits to each of the elevators. Further, if seismic events are frequent in a given area, the elevators in the area may be out of service most of the time.
Therefore, it would be beneficial if elevators put out of service due to an earthquake activity could be automatically reset. However, the safety of the elevators must still be ensured.
According to an aspect of the invention, the invention is a method for automatic condition checking of an elevator, wherein an elevator car of the elevator is positioned in a door zone of a first landing in an elevator shaft following an earthquake, the method comprising: determining, by at least one elevator test unit, whether the load carried by hoisting ropes is evenly distributed between the hoisting ropes by checking the status or measurement data of at least one rope tension measurement device; determining, by the at least one elevator test unit, using at least one elevator car sensor that the elevator car is empty; conducting, by the at least one elevator test unit, a drive test for the elevator car in order to determine unimpeded access for the elevator car to at least one second landing, in response to the determining that the plurality of elevator ropes remain in place in the respective grooves and that the elevator car is empty; and returning the elevator to normal use, in response to the drive test indicating unimpeded access for the elevator to at least one second landing.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the invention is an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: determining, by the apparatus, whether the load carried by hoisting ropes is evenly distributed between the hoisting ropes by checking the status or measurement data of at least one rope tension measurement device; determining, by the apparatus, using at least one elevator car sensor that the elevator car is empty, wherein the elevator car of the elevator is positioned in a door zone of a first landing in an elevator shaft following an earthquake; conducting, by the apparatus, a drive test for the elevator car in order to determine unimpeded access for the elevator car to at least one second landing, in response to the determining that the plurality of elevator ropes remain in place in the respective grooves and that the elevator car is empty; and returning the elevator to normal use, in response to the drive test indicating unimpeded access for the elevator to at least one second landing.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the invention is an elevator comprising the apparatus.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the invention is an apparatus for an elevator, the apparatus comprising: means for determining whether the load carried by hoisting ropes is evenly distributed between the hoisting ropes by checking the status or measurement data of at least one rope tension measurement device; means for determining, by the apparatus, using at least one elevator car sensor that the elevator car is empty, wherein the elevator car of the elevator is positioned in a door zone of a first landing in an elevator shaft following an earthquake; means for conducting, by the apparatus, a drive test for the elevator car in order to determine unimpeded access for the elevator car to at least one second landing, in response to the determining that the plurality of elevator ropes remain in place in the respective grooves and that the elevator car is empty; and means for returning the elevator to normal use, in response to the drive test indicating unimpeded access for the elevator to at least one second landing.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the invention is a computer program comprising code adapted to cause the following when executed on a data-processing system: determining, by at least one elevator test unit, whether the load carried by hoisting ropes is evenly distributed between the hoisting ropes by checking the status or measurement data of at least one rope tension measurement device; determining, by the at least one elevator test unit, using at least one elevator car sensor that the elevator car is empty, wherein the elevator car of the elevator is positioned in a door zone of a first landing in an elevator shaft following an earthquake; conducting, by the at least one elevator test unit, a drive test for the elevator car in order to determine unimpeded access for the elevator car to at least one second landing, in response to the determining that the plurality of elevator ropes remain in place in the respective grooves and that the elevator car is empty; and returning the elevator to normal use, in response to the drive test indicating unimpeded access for the elevator to at least one second landing.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the invention is a computer program product comprising the computer program.
In one embodiment of the invention, an elevator rope shackle comprises securing means, for example, a gyve, to which an elevator rope may be attached or secured. The securing means is connected using a spring to a point of attachment in a supporting structure in elevator shaft. The spring may have inside it a threaded shaft which allows controlling of spring maximum length.
In one embodiment of the invention, the elevator car may also be referred to as elevator cage. The elevator car may be elevator cage.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: before the conducting of the drive test, determining, by the at least one elevator test unit, using an accelerometer associated with the elevator car that a predefined time has elapsed since a latest signal from the accelerometer indicates an acceleration exceeding a predefined threshold, the accelerometer being communicatively connected to the at least one elevator test unit, the predefined threshold being indicative of a lack of seismic activity.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: reading, by the at least one elevator test unit, the torque required at a traction sheave to keep the elevator car stationary in the elevator shaft as a function of the elevator car position in the elevator shaft and load in the elevator car from a memory associated with the at least one elevator test unit; comparing the stored torque information to the actual net torque required to keep the elevator car stationary after an earthquake; and determining, in the at least one elevator test unit, that the counterweight is intact in response to the stored torque information matching the net torque, before the conducting of the drive test for the elevator car.
In one embodiment of the invention, the step of conducting the drive for the elevator car comprises: performing, by an frequency converter, a plurality of power consumption measurements at regular intervals from the power consumed by an electrical motor coupled to the traction sheave; transmitting, from the frequency converter, the plurality of power consumption measurements to the at least one elevator test unit; comparing, by the at least one elevator test unit, the plurality of power consumption measurements to a plurality of reference values stored in a memory associated with the at least one elevator test unit; determining that elevator car guide rails and counterweight guide rails are intact, in response to the plurality of power consumption measurements matching the plurality of reference values; and indicating correct functioning of the elevator, in response to the determining that the elevator car guide rails and the counterweight guide rails are intact.
In one embodiment of the invention, the step of conducting the drive test for the elevator car comprises: performing a plurality of strain measurements indicating strain in a point of attachment of an elevator travelling cable in the elevator shaft or the elevator car, the elevator travelling cable being suspended from the elevator car and the elevator shaft; comparing, by the at least one elevator test unit, the plurality of strain measurements to a plurality of reference values stored in a memory associated with the at least one elevator test unit; and determining that the elevator travelling cable is not entangled in response to the plurality of strain measurements matching the plurality of reference values; and indicating correct functioning of the elevator, in response to the determining that the elevator travelling cable is not entangled.
In one embodiment of the invention, the step of conducting the drive test for the elevator comprises: driving the elevator car to at least one second landing; opening the landing doors in the at least one second landing; opening the elevator car doors in the at least one second landing; determining that safety switches in the landing doors and the elevator car doors open and close correctly; determining, based on comparing electrical power consumption measurements executed by s door controller upon opening and closing of the landing doors to electrical power consumption measurements stored in a memory, that friction while opening and closing of the landing doors is within predefined limits; and indicating correct functioning of the elevator, in response to the determining that the safety switches in the landing doors and the elevator car doors open and close correctly and that the friction measured while opening and closing of the landing doors is within predefined limits.
In one embodiment of the invention, a warning signal is given to elevator users while opening the landing doors and the elevator car doors in the at least one second landing, the warning signal being indicative of elevator test drive.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: determining a presence of a communication connection between the at least one elevator test unit and at least one circuit board in the elevator car, the communication connection being provided via a travelling cable suspended from the elevator shaft and the elevator car, the at least one elevator test unit being located outside the elevator car in association with the elevator shaft; and if the communication connection is present, enabling the conducting of the drive test.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: detecting lighting in the elevator car by a light sensor communicatively connected to the at least one elevator test unit, the lighting being powered via a travelling cable suspended from the elevator shaft and the elevator car; determining a presence of an electrical connection via the bus cable, in response to the detecting of the lighting; and if the electrical connection via the bus cable is present, enabling the conducting of the drive test.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: detecting a plurality of light signals in a plurality of light curtain sensors associated with a door of the elevator car, the plurality of light signals being transmitted from a plurality of light sources, the light sources being powered via a travelling cable suspended from the elevator shaft and the elevator car; and enabling the conducting of the drive test, in response to the detecting of the plurality of light signals.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: determining a position of the elevator car within the door zone; and comparing determined position of the elevator car within the door zone to a position of the elevator car stored in a memory associated with the at least one elevator test unit when the elevator car stopped in the door zone, the stopping having occurred before the earthquake, if the position determined matches the position store in the memory, enabling the conducting of the drive test.
In one embodiment of the invention, the computer program is stored on a non-transitory computer readable medium. The computer readable medium may be, but is not limited to, a removable memory card, a removable memory module, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a holographic memory or a magnetic tape. A removable memory module may be, for example, a USB memory stick, a PCMCIA card or a smart memory card.
In one embodiment of the invention, an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform a method according to any of the method steps.
In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one processor of the apparatus, for example, of the safety controller may be configured to perform any of the method steps disclosed hereinabove.
In one embodiment of the invention, an elevator test unit comprising at least one processor and a memory may be configured to perform any of the method steps disclosed hereinabove.
The embodiments of the invention described herein may be used in any combination with each other. Several or at least two of the embodiments may be combined together to form a further embodiment of the invention. A method, an apparatus, a computer program or a computer program product to which the invention is related may comprise at least one of the embodiments of the invention described hereinbefore.
It is to be understood that any of the above embodiments or modifications can be applied singly or in combination to the respective aspects to which they refer, unless they are explicitly stated as excluding alternatives.
The benefits of the invention are related to improved elevator safety and improved elevator availability.
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description help to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
In
Electrical motor 132 is supplied electricity from a three-phase electrical power supply 144, which may be a grid, via a frequency converter 142. Frequency converter 142 may supply a pulse-width modulated signal to electrical motor 132 via a three-phase electrical connection 140. Frequency converter 142 may be configured to measure a three-phase electrical signal generated in electrical motor 132 and supplied to converter 142 in response to a net torque induced about an axis of traction sheave 133 by a weight of elevator car 110 and a weight of counterweight 180 together with a weight of roping on respective sides of traction sheave 133 in a current position of elevator car 110. Frequency converter is communicatively connected to an elevator test unit 150 via a communication channel 156.
Elevator 100 comprises a seismic detector 171, which may be installed in association with elevator shaft 102. Seismic detector may be installed to a location in the vicinity of elevator shaft 102 where vibrations due to normal elevator car driving, that is, movement of elevator car 110 and movement of counterweight 180 do not cause interference. Seismic detector 171 may be implemented using at least one accelerometer.
In
Communication channel 161 connects seismic detector 171 to one of the plurality of interfaces 160. Communication channel 162 connects elevator load weighing device 113 to one of the plurality of interfaces 160. Communication channel 163 connects door controller 114 to one of the plurality of interfaces 160. Communication channel 164 connects door zone detector 112 to one of the plurality of interfaces 160. Communication channel 165 connects the at least one light curtain 115 to one of the plurality of interfaces 160. Communication channel 166 connects the at least one light sensor 117 to one of the plurality of interfaces 160. Communication channel 167 connects strain sensor 109A to one of the plurality of interfaces 160. Communication channel 168 connects measurement devices 136 to one of the plurality of interfaces 160. Communication channel 169 connects accelerometer 118 of elevator car 110 to one of the plurality of interface 160. Communication channels 162-169 may be transmitted via a message bus which may be a part of travelling cable 184.
The at least one processor 152 is configured to store into memory 153 an array of strain measurements regarding the strain in travelling cable 184 at different positions of elevator car 110 in elevator shaft 102. The positions may be regularly spaced. The strain measurements are received over communication channels 167, 170 from strain sensors 109A, 109B. The strain measurements may be sent by strain sensors 109A, 109B periodically or in response to a request signal transmitted from elevator test unit 150 to strain sensors 109A, 109B. The at least one processor 152 is also configured to store into memory 153 an array of electrical power consumption measurements at different positions of elevator car 110 in elevator shaft 102. The positions may be regularly spaced. The electrical power consumption measurements may be received from converter 142 via communication channel 156. The power consumption measuring may be performed in converter 142, for example, using duty cycle length information used in pulse-width modulated signals transmitted to motor 132. The arrays of strain measurements and power consumption measurements are stored into memory 153 when elevator 100 has been installed and has been inspected by installation personnel to be functioning properly. The memory 153 may also store information on the torque required at the traction sheave 133 to keep the elevator car 110 stationary in the elevator shaft 102 as a function of the elevator car 110 position in the elevator shaft and load in the elevator car 110. By comparing this information to the actual net torque required to keep the elevator car 110 stationary after an earthquake, the elevator test unit 150 can determine integrity of counterweight 180, that is, that pieces of the counterweight have not dropped off.
In
During the at least one static test, elevator test unit 150 receives information on the hoisting rope tensions from the plurality of measurement devices 136. Elevator test unit 150 determines whether the load is evenly distributed among the plurality of hoisting ropes 134. From an even distribution of load, elevator test unit 150 determines that the plurality of elevator ropes remain in place in their respective grooves of traction sheave 133 of elevator 100. If one of the hoisting ropes has slipped away from its groove in traction sheave 133, it will have a tension that significantly differs from that of the other ropes which also manifests itself in the compression of the shackle spring of the slipped rope.
Thereupon, elevator test unit 150 determines using at least one elevator car sensor that elevator car 110 is empty. The at least one sensor which determines that elevator car 110 is empty, comprises, for example, load weighing device 113, from which elevator test unit 150 receives at least one reading signal. In response to elevator test unit 150 determining that elevator car 110 is empty, elevator test unit 150 commences the at least one dynamic test.
In one embodiment of the invention, elevator test unit 150 determines, during the at least one static test, using door zone detector 112 that elevator car 110 is in a position within the door zone of landing 122 that matches a position recorded in memory 153 before the detection of the earthquake. The matching within predefined threshold limits is indicative that electrical motor 132 and traction sheave 133 are in place and support 131 and supporting platform 130 have not collapsed
During the at least one dynamic test elevator car 110 is driven to at least one another landing. Elevator car 110 may be driven to landings 121, 122 and 123 in
In response to success of the at least one dynamic test and the at least one static test elevator 100 is returned to normal use by elevator test unit 150. In response to a failure in one of the at least one dynamic or static test, elevator 100 is put out of service. A fault signal may be transmitted from elevator test unit 150 to a remote node, which may be located in an elevator maintenance center.
In one embodiment of the invention, during the at least one static test, presence of a communication connection is determined between elevator test unit 150 and at least one circuit board in elevator car 110. The communication connection may be provided using travelling cable 184. If the communication connection is present, travelling cable 184 is assumed to be unharmed which entails that the at least one drive testing may be conducted provided that other static tests are successful.
In one embodiment of the invention, during the at least one static test, presence of lighting in elevator car 110 is determined using a light sensor 117 communicatively connected to elevator test unit 150. The lighting is powered via travelling cable 184. If lighting is present, the at least one drive testing may be conducted provided that other static tests are successful.
In one embodiment of the invention, during the at least one static test, presence of light signals is determined in at least one light curtain 115. There is detected a plurality of light signals in a plurality of light curtain sensors associated with door 119 of elevator car 110. The plurality of light signals is transmitted from a plurality of light sources which are powered via travelling cable 184. If light signals are received in all light curtain sensors, the at least one drive testing may be conducted provided that other static tests are successful.
The embodiments of the invention described hereinbefore in association with the summary of the invention and
In
At step 300, it is determined by an elevator test unit whether the load carried by the hoisting ropes is evenly distributed between the ropes by checking the status or measurement data of the rope tension measurement devices.
he elevator test system may comprise at least one elevator test unit, which may be a computer comprising at least one processor, a memory, an input/output controller and interfaces for receiving signals from a plurality of sensors. The elevator test system may also comprise a communication channel to a frequency converter which supplies power to an electrical motor of the elevator. If an even distribution of load can be confirmed, the elevator test unit determines that the plurality of elevator ropes remain in place in respective grooves of a traction sheave.
At step 302, the elevator test system determines using at least one elevator car sensor that the elevator car is empty.
At step 304, the elevator test system conducts a drive test for the elevator car in order to determine unimpeded access for the elevator car to at least one second landing, in response to the determining that the plurality of elevator ropes remain in place in the respective grooves and that the elevator car is empty.
At step 306, the elevator test system returns the elevator to normal use, in response to the drive test indicating unimpeded access for the elevator to at least one second landing.
In one embodiment of the invention, by unimpeded access may be meant that the friction in guide rails of the elevator car and the counterweight are within predefined limits or that the elevator car may be driven to at least one landing so that the elevator travelling cable does not disconnect or break due to sudden strain.
In one embodiment of the invention, by unimpeded access may also be meant that the elevator car door and landing doors open and close normally.
Thereupon, the method is finished. The method steps may be performed in the order of the numbering of the steps.
The embodiments of the invention described hereinbefore in association with
The exemplary embodiments of the invention can be included within any suitable device, for example, including any suitable servers, workstations, PCs, laptop computers, PDAs, Internet appliances, handheld devices, cellular telephones, wireless devices, other devices, and the like, capable of performing the processes of the exemplary embodiments, and which can communicate via one or more interface mechanisms, including, for example, Internet access, telecommunications in any suitable form (for instance, voice, modem, and the like), wireless communications media, one or more wireless communications networks, cellular communications networks, 3G communications networks, 4G communications networks, Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks, Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTNs), Packet Data Networks (PDNs), the Internet, intranets, a combination thereof, and the like.
It is to be understood that the exemplary embodiments are for exemplary purposes, as many variations of the specific hardware used to implement the exemplary embodiments are possible, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the hardware art(s). For example, the functionality of one or more of the components of the exemplary embodiments can be implemented via one or more hardware devices, or one or more software entities such as modules.
The exemplary embodiments can store information relating to various processes described herein. This information can be stored in one or more memories, such as a hard disk, optical disk, magnetooptical disk, RAM, and the like. One or more databases can store the information regarding cyclic prefixes used and the delay spreads measured. The databases can be organized using data structures (e.g., records, tables, arrays, fields, graphs, trees, lists, and the like) included in one or more memories or storage devices listed herein. The processes described with respect to the exemplary embodiments can include appropriate data structures for storing data collected and/or generated by the processes of the devices and subsystems of the exemplary embodiments in one or more databases.
All or a portion of the exemplary embodiments can be implemented by the preparation of one or more application-specific integrated circuits or by interconnecting an appropriate network of conventional component circuits, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the electrical art(s).
As stated above, the components of the exemplary embodiments can include computer readable medium or memories according to the teachings of the present inventions and for holding data structures, tables, records, and/or other data described herein. Computer readable medium can include any suitable medium that participates in providing instructions to a processor for execution. Such a medium can take many forms, including but not limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media, transmission media, and the like. Non-volatile media can include, for example, optical or magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, and the like. Volatile media can include dynamic memories, and the like. Transmission media can include coaxial cables, copper wire, fiber optics, and the like. Transmission media also can take the form of acoustic, optical, electromagnetic waves, and the like, such as those generated during radio frequency (RF) communications, infrared (IR) data communications, and the like. Common forms of computer-readable media can include, for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, any other suitable magnetic medium, a CD-ROM, CDRW, DVD, any other suitable optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, optical mark sheets, any other suitable physical medium with patterns of holes or other optically recognizable indicia, a RAM, a PROM, an EPROM, a FLASH-EPROM, any other suitable memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave or any other suitable medium from which a computer can read.
While the present invention has been described in connection with a number of exemplary embodiments and implementations, the present invention is not so limited, but rather covers various modifications and equivalent arrangements which fall within the purview of prospective claims.
The embodiments of the invention described hereinbefore in association with the figures presented and the summary of the invention may be used in any combination with each other. At least two of the embodiments may be combined together to form a further embodiment of the invention.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that, with the advancement of technology, the basic idea of the invention may be implemented in various ways. The invention and its embodiments are thus not limited to the examples described above; instead they may vary within the scope of the claims.
This application is a Continuation of PCT International Application No. PCT/FI2017/050208 filed on Mar. 24, 2017, which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference into the present application.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
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20090114484 | Watanabe et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
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2007-210713 | Aug 2007 | JP |
2008-50168 | Mar 2008 | JP |
5235888 | Oct 2013 | JP |
10-2008-0036005 | Apr 2008 | KR |
WO-2007067491 | Jun 2007 | WO |
WO2007099619 | Sep 2007 | WO |
Entry |
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International Search Report (PCT/ISA/210) issued in PCT/FI2017/050208, dated Jun. 29, 2017. |
Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority (PCT/ISA/237) issued in PCT/FI2017/050208, dated Jun. 29, 2017. |
Number | Date | Country | |
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20190330017 A1 | Oct 2019 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | PCT/FI2017/050208 | Mar 2017 | WO |
Child | 16506789 | US |