a is one example of a software status screen indicating normal condition functioning of the system according to the present invention.
b is the status display of
With reference to
Therefore, in the previous instance, the data from the ride height sensors is filtered in order to get an understanding of what the height trend is rather than what the current actual position is. This allows the accurate determination of the current nominal height of the vehicle with respect to the road surface.
When leveling a vehicle statically, it is desired that the time to achieve level be as short as possible. To this end, valves with high flow rates are typically used in order to raise or lower the vehicle as quickly as possible. During times of dynamic height control, these high flow valves coupled with slight delays in sensor feedback can often cause the system to over shoot its targeted position when making a height correction. Thus, one aspect of the present invention incorporates an in position band that falls within the desired position band.
Various sensing devices such as the ride height sensors and accelerometers can be used to discern the ride quality that is currently being felt in the vehicle. This ride quality can be used to estimate the roughness of the road surface that is being traveled on. If the vehicle is traveling at low speed on a rough roadway, the desired position band may be required to be wider than if the vehicle were traveling at higher speeds on a smooth roadway. The desired position band and the in position band may be dynamically adjusted based on various inputs such as ride quality and vehicle speed.
The values of the ride height sensors on each corner of the vehicle may be compared in real time and the current roll or pitch angle of the vehicle calculated. For example, knowing the height difference between the two front sensors and the distance between them the roll angle of the front of the vehicle may be determined. The two rear sensors determine the rear roll angle and the sensors on a given side (front and rear) provide the pitch angle on that side of the vehicle. Comparing the respective rates of change determines the roll and pitch rates.
There are many factors that determine why a vehicle's height would go beyond the desired position band 12 or 14. The most common reasons are lateral or longitudinal accelerations which cause weight transfer in the vehicle, forcing the air bags in the higher loaded corners of the vehicle to collapse slightly thereby lowering the corresponding corners. At the same time this also allows the airbags in the lighter loaded corners to extend thereby raising those corners. Since this type of deviation from the desired position band is most likely temporary in nature, there is no real reason to correct the height because once the acceleration drops back to near zero levels, the suspension will tend to correct itself. For this reason the height correction process is modified during periods of high lateral or longitudinal acceleration or deceleration. Specifically, thresholds are put in place for lateral and longitudinal accelerations and if the vehicles accelerations are below these thresholds then the corrections are made after a specified period of time. If, however, the vehicles accelerations exceed these thresholds, the system will wait for a longer period of time before making a correction. This prevents the system from making unnecessary corrections based on data that was temporary in nature.
The industry uses mechanical valves to inflate the airbags. There is at least one airbag with the valves corresponding to three of the four airbags in each corner of the vehicle. Conventionally, a simple construction of three valves is used, the use of four valves, i.e. one valve for each of the four airbags, is generally avoided. For example, some in the industry use three-corner control, where there are two valves in the rear and one valve in the front left corner. More conventionally in the prior art, two ride height control valves are located on the rear corners of the vehicle and one ride height control valve is located on the front of the vehicle, typically mounted to the vehicle's anti-sway bar, for example half way along the anti-sway bar. In the prior art using only three valves, losing a valve would mean a breakdown.
To recap, in a prior art air suspended vehicle, the height of the vehicle at each end of one of the axles is controlled independently while the combined height of the other end of the vehicle is controlled by a single valve, for a total of three valves. This effectively creates a three point height control model even though the vehicle has four distinct points of suspension. The reason for not using four points of control is that unevenness in the road surface can lead to a state where one of the four corners is unable to maintain a constant height without adversely affecting one of the remaining three. This can lead to severe imbalances in the amount of vehicle weight being carried by a given corner of the vehicle.
Where, as in the previous instance, four discrete height sensors are used, one at each corner of the vehicle, averaging the height data from the sensors on any given end in effect creates a pseudo or virtual single point sensor on that end. Alternatively, in the event of a sensor failure on that end, the failed sensor may be disregarded and the remaining functional sensor used to measure the vehicle height. In any case, the resultant data is then used to determine whether or not to lower or raise both sides of that end of the vehicle. Further more, when either averaged or single sensor methods are adopted, crossover valves 16a or 16b are used which selectively allow air to pass freely from the air bag(s) on one side of the corresponding axle to the air bag(s) on the other side. These methods of height sensing and control can be employed on either end of the vehicle at any time.
As discussed earlier, the height sensors on each of the four corners of the vehicle can employ independent sensing, averaged sensing, or single end sensing methods on either end of the vehicle at any time. Integrated sensor failure diagnostics that indicate the status of each sensor enable the control system to determine which control method to use at a given time. For example in a system that is operating normally, the front of the vehicle (labeled as steering axle in
The height sensors are able to determine if there is a consistent trend that a given corner is repeatedly raising or lowering without control commands to do so. While the current method of control is able to compensate for that by making the appropriate corrections, the control system also able to predict that these non-requested height changes are the result of a leaking raise valve 18 or lower valve 20. This conclusion can then be reported to the vehicle operator and the correct service actions can be taken.
The leveling system uses a pulse train output signal from the vehicle's transmission to determine vehicle speed. This pulse train is now available on almost any production transmissions and is typically calibrated in pulses per mile of vehicle travel. If measured, the duration of each pulse in the train allows determination of the time it took to cover a known distance and therefore also the vehicle speed. From the rate of change in speed over time, the vehicle's longitudinal acceleration rate may also be determined. The Y axis accelerometer in the leveling system can also determine the vehicle's longitudinal acceleration rate. There is an offset though in the acceleration value that is taken from the accelerometer. Because the accelerometer is sensing the acceleration imparted on it in any form, it not only senses the vehicle acceleration rate but also senses the amount of longitudinal tilt in the vehicle. Although it is difficult to discern the amount of tilt that is in the combined acceleration output of the accelerometer solely by analyzing that data, if you compare the accelerometer value to the transmission signal acceleration value, the difference between the two is the tilt of the vehicle. In a dynamic state, this value is directly related to the slope or grade of the road surface being traveled upon. Hence the slope or grade of the road surface can be determined.
During static leveling of a parked vehicle, it is currently necessary to monitor the movement of the vehicle during leveling in order to determine whether the air bags have reached the end of their travel. This is typically done by monitoring the tilt sensor(s) and noting the change in tilt angle over time. Since the tilt angle changes relatively slowly, the amount of time required to confirm that the coach is no longer raising or lowering can be excessive. Using the ride height sensors to indicate that a maximum or minimum threshold of height has been achieved at a given sensing point allows the leveling process to be executed much quicker. For example, if a vehicle needs to be lowered in the front to get level, the front will be lowered until one or more front height sensors indicate that the air bag(s) have bottomed out. Immediately after sensing this, since it has been determined that the front can not lower any further, the rear can now be requested to raise. This method of detecting the end of stroke during leveling can significantly decrease the total amount of time required to level the vehicle.
In current leveling systems, whether for example using hydraulic or electric jacks, there are various methods used to determine the point at which the jacks make contact with the ground. Some systems monitor the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder and when the hydraulic pressure rises they assume the jacks are in contact with the ground. Others in the prior art monitor the electrical current that the motor driving either the hydraulic pump or electric screw is requiring as the case may be. Still others in the prior art monitor the leveling tilt sensors to detect movement in the vehicle. All of these prior art methods may inadvertently indicate ground contact either before it actually occurs or long after it occurs.
Once the leveling jacks make contact with the ground, the chassis begins to lift and the height between the chassis and the axle begins to increase since the vehicle load is now being transferred from the suspension components to the leveling jacks. In the present invention this change in height can be very accurately measured using the ride height sensors. The ride height sensors can therefore be used to positively indicate that the leveling jacks, whether they be hydraulic or electric, have made contact with the ground.
When leveling a recreational vehicle (RV) 22 as seen in
As stated above, when leveling an RV it is often desirable to end up with the vehicle's entry step at a specific height from the ground. Once the vehicle is leveled and the current step height is determined, the leveling controller can then raise or lower the coach until the desired step height is achieved. Knowing the vehicle height at the suspension points of a leveled vehicle, the height of the step can be calculated using the following formula.
where as illustrated in
Y=desired height of the entry step
X=distance from front axle to center of entry door
L=distance between front and rear axles
A=front vehicle height
B=rear vehicle height
Illustrated by way of example in
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art in the light of the foregoing disclosure, many alterations and modifications are possible in the practice of this invention without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is to be construed in accordance with the substance defined by the following claims.
This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/832,125 filed Jul. 21, 2006 entitled Method and Apparatus for Controlling Ride Height and Leveling of a Vehicle Having Air Suspension.
Number | Date | Country | |
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60832125 | Jul 2006 | US |