Patent Grant
9764490
This application claims priority from German Patent Application Nos. DE 10 2010 034 674.8, filed Aug. 18, 2010; DE 10 2010 034 675.6, filed Aug. 18, 2010 and DE 10 2010 034 677.2 filed Aug. 18, 2010; and European Patent Application No. 10 015 901.1 filed Dec. 21, 2010; the entire contents of each are hereby fully incorporated by reference herein for all purposes.
The invention relates to a method as well as to an apparatus, in particular to a high performance slicer for the simultaneous cutting of several food products.
In particular in connection with a portioned cutting of food products it is known to carry out so-called blank cuts, this means to ensure that, although the cutting blade is still in movement, no slices are temporarily cut off from the product. Blank cuts are, in particular carried out then when a complete portion has to be transported away, as without blank cuts there would not be sufficient time available for this transportation.
In this connection it is known to not only suspend the product feed for carrying out the blank cuts, but to take additional measures which cause that a separation distance is produced between the cutting blade and the front product end, to avoid a so-called formation of scraps.
This separation distance can be produced in that the product is moved away from the blade or it is the blade which is moved away from the front end of the product during the blank cutting phase.
The carrying out of blank cuts is also known in connection with the simultaneous cutting of a plurality of food products.
For this purpose one can, for example, one can refer to EP 0 713 753 A2 as well as to WO 2010/011237 A1. Hereby the blank cuts are simultaneously carried out at all tracks, this means they are carried out for all food products, as either the common cutting blade is moved away or the products are simultaneously moved away. This prior art also does not include anything which could be understood as a motive or an indication from refraining from a simultaneous carrying out of blank cuts at all tracks.
It is the object of the invention to provide a method as well as an apparatus for the simultaneous cutting of several food products by means of which or with which an as versatile working as possible is possible.
The inventors have recognized that applications with surprising advantages are possible in connection with the simultaneous cutting of several food products, when the blank cuts are not carried out simultaneously at all tracks, but are carried out track-individually.
In the method in accordance with the invention it is therefore provided that blank cuts are at least intermittently carried out in at least a track and/or the supply of the respective product is suspended at least while the respective product is sliced in at least one other track.
The apparatus in accordance with the invention is therefore in the position to suspend the supply movement for each track independent from the other tracks and, in particular to restart it. In particular the cutting apparatus in accordance with the invention includes a correspondingly designed product feed.
In the following a track in which blank cuts are at least momentarily carried out and/or in which the supply of the respective product is at least momentarily suspended is also referred to as a passive track, in contrast to which a track in which a product is currently being cut will also be referred in the following as an active track.
By means of the invention it is thus possible to cancel the equal treatment of all tracks and respectively the food products to be cut present in the tracks in view of carrying out blank cuts. The cutting apparatus in accordance with the invention is designed such that blank cuts can be carried out in one or more tracks while food products present in one or more other tracks can be cut by means of the common cutting blade.
Advantageous embodiments of the invention and applications which are enabled by the invention are also provided in the dependent claims, the description as well as the drawing.
In an embodiment it is provided that the product is additionally moved away from the cutting plane in the passive track, in particular is retracted. Hereby a formation of scraps can safely be avoided in a track in which the blank cuts should be carried out.
In a further embodiment it is provided that the products are cut into portions each including at least one product slice. The invention is particularly advantageous in connection with such a portioned cutting of food products.
By means of the invention it is possible to improve the results on the simultaneous cutting of several food products, in particular to increase the weight accuracy of the product slices respectively of the sliced portions.
In the method it can be provided, in particular that the products are individually supplied to the cutting blade in dependence on information which relates to at least the outer contour of the product and/or to the inner structure of the product.
The product feed of the apparatus can, in particular be designed to individually supply the products to the cutting blade in dependence on information which relates to at least the outer contour of the product and/or the inner structure of the product.
In the following when there is talk of “information” and nothing else is mentioned, then such information is meant which relates to information on the product, at least to information including information relating to the outer contour of the product and/or to the inner structure of the product, i.e. to information relating to the interior of the product.
The invention therefore enables a track individualization under consideration of the information relating to the product interior and/or to the product contour, for example the density distribution. For this reason, the product supply in the individual tracks no longer has to be limited to the outer product contour, i.e. to the cross-sectional extent or to the cross-sectional profile of the product, although this is possible in accordance with the invention. In accordance with the invention a maximum of such information can therefore be used for the individual product supply which is required for a weight-accurate cutting of products.
In the method it is, in particular provided that the product supply takes place in each track independent from information which relates to the product in the other tracks, in particular to the information relating to the interior of the products. Also with regard to the use of information relating to the product interior a complete independence of the individual tracks from one another can be realized hereby due to the individual product feed.
The information in question here can be obtained at or in the cutting apparatus, in particular at or in a product feed of the cutting apparatus. It is also possible to integrate means for obtaining information relating to the product interior and/or to the product contour in the cutting apparatus and/or in the product feed which means will also be referred to in the following simply as a product scanner. However, it is principally also possible to carry out the obtaining of information at a position separate from the cutting apparatus and or time-independent from the cutting procedure. Then suitable means are provided which enable an association between the product and information obtained on a product, thereby it is ensured that in each case the correct information is considered on the individual product supply during the cutting process for the products.
Preferably the information is obtained by a contact-free method, in particular on use of electromagnetic radiation.
The information can also be obtained in that the products are respectively screened and/or irradiated. It is preferred, when the information is obtained by use of X-ray radiation.
Furthermore, it can be provided that the information for each product can be obtained in a plurality of planes which run through the product which, in particular each run perpendicular to the product feed direction. The or each product scanner can thus be designed such that each product is successively scanned in a plurality of individual planes. For example, the X-ray scanner can be stationary and can be arranged such that the scanning plane runs perpendicular to the product supply direction, so that the obtaining of information occurs such that the respective product is moved through the scanning plane during the scanning procedure. The partial information obtained in the individual planes can then be composed to an “overall image” of the product interior by means of a suitable evaluation unit.
The information can be obtained while the products are being supplied to the cutting blade.
The individual product supply can occur such that the speed at which the products are supplied to the cutting blade can be individually set and/or changed.
During the cutting procedure, the products in the tracks can be supplied to the cutting blade completely independent from one another. Alternatively it is also possible that the products are supplied to the cutting blade in the tracks such that several feed devices arranged in parallel to one another are commonly driven and the individual speeds of the feed devices can be individually changed.
In particular it is provided that the product feed in each track takes place by means of an own regulation circuit. Hereby a complete track independence can be achieved at least with regard to the product supply and in this connection the consideration of the information regarding the product interior and/or the product contour can take place.
It can, in particular be provided in the apparatus that the means for obtaining the information are designed to scan the products and/or to irradiate the products. The means, in particular include at least one X-ray unit.
An individual product scanner can be provided for all tracks and therefore for all products to be simultaneously cut. Alternatively, each track can have its own product scanner. The obtaining of the information and the use of the information can be carried out individually for the individual products and, in particular for the supply of the products during the cutting, also on use of a single, common product scanner.
The apparatus can, in particular be designed to operate in accordance with a method of the kind described here.
The consumers are becoming increasingly demanding. This is also true for the customer of pre-packaged food slices. A plurality of product slices also referred to as portions in this connection should not only have a predefined weight and be pleasingly presented, but it is also increasingly desired that the packages include slices of different products and/or of products of different types, for example of different types of sausage or different types of cheeses, wherein, for example, it is also desired that sausage slices and the cheese slices together form a mixed overall portion in the packages.
Such consumer desires can principally be complied with using common technology. Modern cutting machines which are also referred to as high performance slicers can cut food products extremely fast, very accurate in weight and extremely hygienic. In connection with elaborate feed technology and packaging machines such slicers form highly efficient production lines by means of which packages with portions of food product slices can practically be produced fully automatically. To manufacture “mixed packages” of slices of different products, several slicers are used which respectively cut a product type or a product variety. The individual product flows of the slices are then combined in a suitable manner to generate the “mixed” overall portions. For this reason a plurality of slicers is also required, as the further consumer desire to be satisfied by the packaging manufactures consists therein that the “mixed packages” should not only include slices of different products, but also a different number of slices of the individual products should be present in the package.
The ability of known slicers to simultaneously cut several products cannot negate the requirement of using several slicers, as the known simultaneous cutting of several products merely increases the product throughput, i.e. the “output” of the slicer.
Consequently, the manufacture of the mentioned “mixed packages” is still connected to relatively high cost.
By means of the invention it is possible to manufacture “mixed packages” from slices of different food products, in particular of products of different variety, as simple as possible, reliably and cost-effectively.
In particular the products are supplied to the cutting blade individually, so that each portion satisfies a predefined condition for the respective track which, in particular relates to the weight of the portion, to the weight and/or the thickness of the product slices forming the portion and/or to the number of the product slices forming the portion.
The individual product supply can be used to convey predefined properties, in particular properties different from one another to the portions produced in the individual tracks, this means to achieve that the portions of the individual tracks satisfy conditions which can be specifically predefined for the individual tracks, in particular can be different conditions.
Hereby it is, in particular possible to generate those portions which are required for the formation of an overall portion and therefore those portions which are desired by a consumer for a “mixed package” using a single cutting apparatus.
In particular it is possible to simultaneously cut food products of different variety, wherein it is moreover possible to individually vary further parameters of the individual portions by means of a corresponding operation of the product feed. For example, overall portions can thereby be manufactured which respectively include a specific number of slices of a first sausage variety, a therefrom different number of specific slices of a second sausage variety as well as another also different specific number of slices of a cheese variety.
The manufacture of portions of different numbers of slices in the individual tracks can take place, in particular in that the cutting apparatus is operated such that so-called blank cuts are specifically carried out in the individual tracks, this means a track individual blank cut management takes place. It is ensured that no slice is cut off from the product or the respective products although a cutting movement of a cutting blade is carried out on carrying out a blank cut. For example, the respective product for which a blank cut should be carried out, i.e. from which no slice should be cut off, can be momentarily stopped by a corresponding control of the product supply. In this respect the cutting off of slices from the product or from the other products is continued. In this way the aim can be achieved that portions having different numbers of slices are generated on the simultaneous multiple track cutting of several products in the tracks by means of a track individually operatable product feed.
The products in the tracks can be supplied to the cutting blade completely independent from one another.
Alternatively, it is possible that the products can be supplied to the cutting blade in the tracks such that several feed devices arranged in parallel to one another are commonly driven and that the individual speed of the speed devices is individually changeable.
The term “a variety” partially used in this context is to be understood as broad. Thus, not only e.g. sausages, on the one hand, cheeses, on the other hand, or respective different meat varieties, sausage varieties or cheese varieties among themselves should form different varieties in the sense of the invention. Also products with “equal content” which differ in view of at least one relevant parameter from one another in view of the final consumer should be considered as products of a different variety. Thus, for example, salami having a smaller diameter, on the one hand, and salami having a larger diameter, on the other hand, should represent different product varieties in the sense of the invention. In view of the fact that no two food products are identical in the strictest sense the term “variety” should not be understood as being so broad, that differences between these products fall beneath this term which the final consumer either does not perceive or are completely irrelevant for the final consumer, such as, for example, different distributions of the density or other components of a product which are also naturally always present from the point of view of the consumer are for “equal” products.
In a method also claimed herein for the formation of overall portions the respective portions forming an overall portion are generated by the cutting method in accordance with the invention.
The overall portions can, in particular be formed from portions whose slices vary in view of the product variety.
Alternatively or additionally it is possible that the overall portions are formed of portions which are different from one another in view of a number of slices, in view of the weight of the portion, and/or in view of the weight and/or the thickness of their slices.
The formation of the overall portion can, for example, take place during the transport of the portion to a subsequent unit, in particular a packaging machine for the overall portion.
It is, in particular provided that the overall portion is formed in that the portions are placed at least partially on top of one another.
Furthermore, it is possible that the overall portions are formed in that the portions are successively introduced into a package, in particular during a transport of the portions to a subsequent unit, in particular to a packaging machine for the overall portion. Hereby, in particular a first portion can initially be placed into a package, whereupon one or more further portions can be placed onto the first portion already present in the package. However, it is also possible that the complete overall portions are placed into the package.
In an embodiment it is provided that a separation layer, e.g. paper is introduced between at least two at least partially overlapping portions during the formation of the overall portions.
The cutting apparatus in particular includes a product feed which includes several feed devices arranged in parallel to one another by means of which the product is suppliable to a cutting plane in multi-tracks in which the at least one cutting blade moves, in particular rotates and/or revolves. The product supply is, in particular designed to supply the products to the cutting blade individually such that each portion satisfies a predefined condition for the respective track which, in particular relates to the weight of the portion, to the weight and/or the thickness of the product slices forming the portion and/or to the number of the product slices forming the portion.
The feed devices of the product supply can be operated completely independent from one another. Alternatively, it can be provided that the feed devices are commonly drivable and that the individual speed of the feed devices can be changed individually.
At least one packaging machine for the overall portions to be produced can be switched downstream of the feed apparatus in a production line, also claimed in this application, which includes at least one cutting apparatus of the kind described here and at least one feed apparatus operatable in the manner described here.
The portioned cutting of food products, in particular on use of a so-called high-performance slicer is principally known. The formation of portions is, in particular required then when a packaging machine is provided downstream of the slicer in which no individual product slices, but a plurality of portions each including one or more product slices are automatically packaged. So-called transfer units are known in this connection which are arranged directly downstream of the slicer and serve both for the reception and the portioning of the cut off product slices and also for the taking away of the formed portions, in order to supply these to units switched downstream thereof, such as, for example, a packaging machine, in particular via further feed devices. A task of such transfer units also consists therein of adapting the work speed of the slicer to the so-called system speed of the units switched downstream as, in particular for very fast working slicers, the formed portions must be taken away from the portioning region at a speed which is significantly higher than the system speed.
Known transfer units are, for example, formed as combinations with conveyer belts. The portioning takes place at a portioning belt arranged directly downstream of the slicer at which the cut-off product slices are placed for the formation of the portions. In this respect at least one so-called control belt is arranged downstream of the portioning belt to which the portions are transferred from the portioning belt.
Such transfer units are also used for a so-called portion completion which is required, in particular for high-priced products where products losses on cutting should be maintained as small as possible. A portion completion is required when the desired portions should have a specific number of slices and/or a specific portional weight and the last portion present after the cutting of a product does not yet satisfy the respective requirements, i.e. that one or more further product slices are required if it should not be disposed of as waste.
The still required product slices are separated from the subsequent product during this portion completion. So-called trimming cuts have to be carried out as a general rule at the beginning of the cutting procedure at a new product, since the product start, for example, does not have the required product cross-section and the product pieces created by this “trimming” which are not usable would fall onto the portioning belt and thus onto the incomplete partial portion awaiting its completion, the transfer unit is operated in the framework of the product completion such that the partial portions are transported by the portioning belt in the feed direction onto the control belt, where they await the carrying out of the trimming cut. As soon as usable slices can be cut off from the new product, the partial portion is transported back again from the control band onto the portioning belt, this means that the transfer unit transports the partial portions against the “normal” direction of feed in this phase.
Such a portion completion is principally known, for example from DE 199 14 707 A1.
The simultaneous cutting of several food products at a cutting apparatus is also known, in particular by means of a single cutting blade. For this purpose one is, for example, referred to the already aforementioned EP 0 713 753 A2. The simultaneous cutting of food products is also referred to as multi-track cutting.
In a cutting apparatus which is in a position to simultaneously cut several products, the products can simultaneously be supplied to the cutting blade. When the products have a different length and/or the product supply in the individual tracks takes place at different speeds and/or at differently variable individual speeds, i.e. individually for certain reasons, then this leads to problems on the portion completion, as the cutting of products in the individual tracks is no longer simultaneously terminated and so the partial portions to be completed in the individual tracks successively emerge. A possible reason for this is that even for exactly equal product length the cutting processes in the individual tracks cannot be completed at the same point in time, an individual regulation of the feed speed in the individual tracks, which is required when the products—when viewed in the feed direction—have different weight profiles (for constant product density over the overall product, i.e. different cross-sectional profiles), as then the thickness of the separated product slices and thus the product supply must be individually adapted, to achieve the desired portional weight for each portion. Such a procedure is, for example, known from DE 196 04 254 B4 as well as from EP 1 178 878 B1.
The invention makes it possible to create a portion completion on a multi-track cutting of food products.
Incomplete partial portions respectively present after the cutting of a product can be completed by slices of a subsequent product during the portion completion. Each partial portion is, in particular completed in the track from which this partial portion originated.
In the method it can be provided that the completion of partial portions takes place in separate tracks.
It can be provided in the apparatus that the transfer unit has a separate feed track for each associated track which feed track includes at least two subsequently following feed devices.
It is possible to carry out measures for the portion completion in a track by the separation, without in this respect having to interfere a respectively desired operation in the other track. In particular in dependence on how the supply of the product takes place in the respective cutting apparatus, the portion completion in the individual tracks can take place, for example, completely independent from one another. Alternatively, also a coordinated operation is possible as described in detail below, in which the completion of the partial portions present in the individual tracks is simultaneously started also when these partial portions were created one after the other. Such a procedure can, in particular consider situations in which the supply of the subsequent products is started simultaneously in all tracks, this means—figuratively spoken—that all tracks are simultaneously loaded with new products.
It is also possible that both product losses and also the requirement of manual corrections are minimized. The first is, in particular advantageous for high-priced products while the latter significantly increases the production hygiene.
It can in particular be provided that the cutting in the other tracks is continued on creation of partial portions in a track. Complete portions can thus also be performed and taken away also when the cutting of the product has already been terminated in one or more tracks.
In an embodiment the respective completion of the partial portions in a track is carried out independent of the completion of the partial portions in the other tracks, wherein a partial portion formed in each track can, in particular be completed independent from the creation of partial portions in the other tracks. Thus, the cutting of a subsequent product can be started and thus the completion of the partial product present in the specific track can be started while the cutting of the product still takes place in the other tracks. Such a timely falling apart of the completion start is, however, not necessary. In accordance with a further embodiment it is also possible that, for partial portions arising one after the other, the portion completion in the individual tracks is coordinated such that on creation of a respective partial portion in a track one proceeds with the cutting in the remainder of the tracks and the completion of the partial portions is only started once the final partial portion has accrued. Such a procedure is, for example, favorable then when the tracks are simultaneously loaded with new products. This can be dependent on the respective application and/or on the design and/or on the manner of operation of the respective product supply.
Furthermore, it is in particular provided that the completion of a partial portion for each track takes place after an intermediate positioning of the partial portion in a waiting region and a re-supply of the partial portion into a portioning region takes place.
With regard to the product supply it can thus be provided in an embodiment that the products are supplied to the cutting blade in the tracks completely independent from one another.
It is also possible that the products are supplied to the cutting blade in the tracks such that several feed devices arranged in parallel to one another are commonly driven and the individual speeds of the feed devices are individually changed.
As was initially mentioned such track individual product supplies can be necessary or can be desired when an at least constant portion weight is desired and the products deviate from one another with regard to their weight profile and/or their cross-sectional profile.
Furthermore, it is preferred when the completion of the partial portions and the supply of the products is coordinated in time, wherein this can respectively take place exclusively with regard to the track or on consideration of all tracks.
In the cutting apparatus the transfer unit can be designed and operatable such that the completion of a partial portion accrued on at the first feed device can be carried out for each feed track by means of an intermediate positioning of the partial portions at the second feed device and a re-guiding of the partial portion onto the first feed device.
The feed devices can each include a belt conveyer, in particular an endless belt conveyer, which is operable both in the one feed direction and also in the opposite direction.
The feed tracks can, in particular be operated such that on the accretion of a partial portion at a feed track the transfer of complete portions to the remaining other feed tracks can be respectively continued.
The feed tracks can be operated independent from one another, wherein, in particular partial portions accrued at each feed track are completable independent of the accretion of partial portions at the other feed tracks.
It is also possible that the feed tracks are operable in such a manner that they are coordinated so that, for partial portions accrued one after the other or respectively for the accretion of a partial portion at a feed track, the transfer of completed portions to the remaining other feed tracks can be continued and the completion of partial portions can be suspended until the last partial portion has been formed.
In the prior art different types of food cutting apparatuses are known. For example, so-called high performance slicers are used, to cut up food products, such as e.g. sausages, meats or cheeses at high cutting speeds. By means of the principle of multi-track supply, an individual cutting apparatus—having a correspondingly large blade—can be used for the simultaneous cutting of several product loafs or product bars—in the following simply referred to as products—to further increase the cutting performance.
The cut-off product slices are typically combined to portions—for example in stacked or in shingled manner—and are subsequently supplied to further processing apparatuses, such as for example a packaging machine. Since the portions must have a predefined weight and/or a predefined number of slices, it can happen that only an incomplete partial portion can be cut at the end of a product. Since the further processing of incomplete portions is to be avoided, on the other hand, however, a disposal of product slices, in particular for high quality products is undesired, the requirement is present to complete incomplete partial portions. This can principally take place in that incomplete partial portions arising at the end of a product are completed after the provision of a new product, by product slices of this subsequent product. In this respect, however, the problem arises that on a product change an initially non-usable end piece of the already cut product and subsequently an also non-usable cut of the new product has to be disposed of. The incomplete partial portion must thus, first be conveyed away from the effective region of the cutting blade and subsequently be guided back to this, e.g. by means of a portioning conveyer. A multi-track cutting requires this individually settable portion conveyer for the individual tracks, as the products of the individual tracks do not exactly simultaneously run short in the normal case of application. The provision of individually controllable portioning conveyers is, however, demanding in effort and cost, as such portion conveyers typically have to have additional functions. For example, the portion conveyers have to be designed pivotable to the side or downwardly lowerable.
By means of the invention it is possible on a multi-track cutting of food products to realize a simple completion of incomplete partial portions.
The respective supply of the product into a track can be suspended if the remaining product stub in this track is no longer sufficient to form a complete portion and the product stub remaining in at least one other track is still sufficient to form at least one complete portion. The product stubs are cut into incomplete partial portions once the product stubs of all tracks have reached an amount that is no longer sufficient to form a complete portion and the incomplete partial portions are completed by slices of subsequent products.
Thus, it is cut for so long at each track as it is possible to form complete portions. As soon as this is no longer possible at a track the cutting at this track is suspended and it is waited until the other tracks can also no longer generate a complete portion. The cutting of the product stubs—resulting in incomplete partial portions—then preferably takes place at all tracks in a product stub consumption process. This has the advantage that the incomplete partial portions of all tracks are commonly taken away from the effective area of the cutting blade, to provide space for the first cuts and its removal. After completion of the product change and/or the first cutting phase, the incomplete partial portions of all tracks can again be conveyed together in order to be completed by product slices of the subsequent product to be newly cut. An individually controlled feeding of the incomplete partial portion is not required. The provision of individually controllable product feeds for the individual tracks is possible with less effort than the provision of individually controllable portion feeds.
Preferably the partial portions are only moved together in and against a feed direction, wherein, in particular an undivided feed unit is used transverse to the feed direction. This saves the effort of providing several feed units or feed sub-units.
In accordance with a design, the product is moved into a blank cutting position retracted with regard to the cutting plane when the supply is suspended. In this way an undesired formation of scraps can be prevented during the suspension of the product supply.
The cutting of the product stubs in the individual tracks can be coordinated such that it simultaneously ends in all tracks. In other words the respective last usable product slice at the product stub can be simultaneously cut at all tracks. The rear edges of the incomplete partial portions are then evenly aligned. The completion can thus start at all tracks simultaneously.
Furthermore, the timely sequence of the cutting of the product stubs in the individual stacks can be coordinated according to the size of the respective product stub, wherein, in particular on cutting of the product stub, one starts with the largest remaining product stub. The size of the respective product stub can be determined by suitable sensors. In practice, important nominal sizes of the product such as length, thickness, cross-sectional shape or weight are principally detected and stored prior to each cutting process. This data can then be advantageously used to determine the size of the respective product stub. The fact that one starts with the largest remaining product stub means that a simultaneous termination of the product stub consumption process can be achieved on cutting the product stub.
In accordance with a further design one simultaneously starts the completion of the partial portions in all tracks. This simplifies the coordination of the completion process.
In accordance with a further embodiment the portions are aligned relative to one another with regard to a feed direction in the tracks after the completion, preferably such that the completed portions lie at the same height in all tracks with regard to the front edges of the feed direction. The alignment can, for example, be achieved by means of track related individually controllable feed belts—so called portional stop belts. In this way the completed portions can be aligned so that they correspond to the regularly cut completed portions. This means, in particular the displacement can be compensated which results from the simultaneous completion of the product stubs in the individual tracks and the thereby required displaced completion of product stubs in the individual tracks. Since the alignment can take place after the completion process at an arbitrary position of the feed track it is connected to considerably less effort than if a portioning feed were to be provided with individually controllable tracks.
In accordance with a further alternative embodiment one simultaneously starts with the cutting of the product stubs in all tracks. In this embodiment the front edges of the incomplete partial portions are evenly aligned.
On completing the partial portion one can start with those partial portions which require the highest number of slices for completion. The further tracks can then start later in the course of the completion process in dependence on the length of the product stub.
The completion of the partial portions in the individual tracks can be coordinated, in particular such that the final slice required for completing the partial portions is added simultaneously at all tracks. A subsequent alignment of the completed portions relative to one another is not required in such a design, as the rear edges of the completed portions and thus also—for equal number of slices—their front edges are evenly aligned from the start.
The completion of the partial portion can take place after a common intermediate positioning in a waiting region and a common re-guiding into a portioning region, wherein, in particular at first either the rear edges of all partial portions are simultaneously reguided into a completing portion or only the rear edges of a first partial portion are reguided into a completing position and the rear edges of the other partial portions are guided back extending over the completing position. The transport of the product stub pieces and/or the cutting and disposal of the first cut can be carried out unhindered in the portioning region while the partial portions are present in the waiting region. As long as only the rear edge of a first partial portion a reguided into a completing position and the rear edges of the other partial portions are guided beyond the completing position it should be noted that the space for reguiding must be sufficient, this means that no product slices have to fall from the portion feed. For this reason, in particular such a design is suitable for evenly stacked portions or portions shingled to a minimal degree.
In the apparatus, in particular a high performance slicer for the simultaneous cutting of several food products into several portions including respective product slices, the product supply can be designed such that the supply movement can be suspended for each track independent of the other tracks and can be restarted again, wherein a transfer device is provided which is arranged downstream of the cutting blade and which is associated with at least some of the tracks, by means of which completed portions are transferable to devices downstream of the transfer device and incomplete partial portions respectively present after cutting of the product are completable by slices from a subsequent product and wherein a control device is provided which is designed
Due to the fact that the supply movement for each track can be suspended independently from the other tracks and can be restarted for each track independently from the other tracks, an individually controllable portion feed demanding in effort and cost can be saved.
The control unit can, in particular be designed for the completion of the partial portions to coordinate the operation of the product supply and the operation of the transfer device, in particular such that the cutting of the product stubs simultaneously ends in all tracks and that one simultaneously starts with the completion of the partial portions in all tracks or that one simultaneously starts with the cutting of the product stubs in all tracks and on completing the partial portions one starts with those partial portions which require the highest number of slices for completion.
In this respect the feed devices can each have their own drive. Alternatively, the feed devices can have a common drive, wherein for each track a settable unit for the individual matching of the feed speed is provided.
The transfer device preferably includes at least one undivided feed device transverse to the feed direction for the exclusive common movement of the partial portions to and fro in a feed direction. Hereby the manufacturing cost of the apparatus can be reduced with regard to an arrangement having individually feedable partial portions.
Furthermore, the transfer device can include at least two feed units following one another in a feed direction, wherein the completion of the partial portions accrued at a first feed unit can be carried out after an intermediate positioning of the partial portions at a second feed unit and a guiding of the partial portions back to the first feed unit.
The feed units can respectively include a belt conveyer, in particular an endless belt conveyer which is operatable both towards and against the feed direction.
Furthermore, the transfer device can include an alignment feeder by means of which the portions are alignable relative to one another in the tracks with regard to a feed direction after the completion, preferably such that the completed portions lie at the same height in all tracks with regard to the front edges according to the feed direction.
The invention will be described in the following by way of example and with reference to the drawing. There is shown:
A product supply 15 respectively serves to individually supply the products 11 to the cutting blade and/or to the cutting plane 13.
In the embodiment of
A common drive 23 is provided for the individual feed devices 17 which can move a carrier 25 for the feed devices 17 along a guide 27 running in parallel to the feed direction F and indeed both in the feed direction F and also against the feed direction F as is indicated by the double arrow.
When the common carrier 25 is moved in the direction of the cutting plane 13 by means of the common drive 23 all product supports 17 and thus all products 11 are compulsorily taken along in this connection. The product supports 17 are moved back again into the start position for cutting the next product. The common drive 23 provides a common feed speed for the products 11 during the cutting which can, however, be individually changed for each product 11 in that supports 17 are moved independent from one another relative to the carrier 25 during the cutting of the product, as is indicated by the double arrows at the product supports 17.
Hereby a fine tuning or correction of the common feed speed can take place by the common drive 23 for each product 11 in order to, for example, compensate individual variations of the product cross-section and/or product density over the product length in this way, so that the product slices separated from the products 11 or portions formed thereof respectively have a desired weight. The described design of the product supply 15 thus enables the consideration of information obtained on the products 11, in particular information on the product interior in the sense of an individual product supply.
In order to obtain information on the product interior a common product scanner 19 is provided which extends transverse to the feed direction F over all tracks. The product scanner 19 is, in particular an X-ray radiation unit which has the purpose of obtaining information on the interior of the product 11 while this is moved passed the product scanner 19 in the feed direction F or is moved through beneath the product scanner 19. Hereby the product scanner 19 defines a scanning plane running perpendicular to the feed direction F for which the product 11 is removed through during the scanning process. In this connection information on the product interior is detected scanning plane by scanning plane in order to determine, in particular the density distribution of the individual products 11 in the feed direction F in this manner.
By means of the hatched regions at the common product scanner 19 it is indicated that a separate product scanner 19 can be arranged for each track in an alternative design.
The cutting apparatus includes a control unit 21 which is connected to the cutting blade and/or to the drive for the cutting blade and/or to a blade or cutting head including the cutting blade. Moreover, the control unit 21 is connected to the product feed 15 as well as to the product scanner 19. In this manner the control unit 21 which can be a component of a super-ordinate central control unit, can provide for the individual product feed under consideration of the information obtained on the interior of the product by means of the product scanner 19.
Preferably, also information on the product contour is considered during the individual product supply, i.e. the cross-section profile of the product 11 along the feed direction F as is generally known. For this purpose a separate product scanner can be provided which scans the outer contours of the product 11. Alternatively, such a scanning unit can be integrated into the product scanner 19.
In the embodiment of
Such blank cuts are also possible in the concept of the product supply 15 in the embodiment of
Otherwise the embodiment of
The slicer 115 is in the position to simultaneously cut several food products 111—in this example three products—wherein a track is provided for each product 111. The slicer produces portions 113 for each track during the cutting of the products 111. In accordance with the terminology used here, a portion can include one or more cut off product slices, this means also a single cut off product slice should represent a portion in the framework of the invention.
The feed device 129 arranged downstream of the slicer ensure that overall portions 119 are formed in the individual tracks from the incoming portions 113 which overall portions are subsequently supplied to the packing machine 121 and are packaged there. Each overall portion 119 thus includes a portion 113 from each of the tracks.
If food products 111 of different variety are cut up by means of the slicer 115 then each overall portion 119 receives several slice varieties, this means that the production line generates “mixed packages” as was already mentioned in the introduction.
As is shown in
The three products 111 can be individually supplied to the cutting plane 117 of the slicer 115 in which at least one cutting blade moves, which is not illustrated here. In the example illustrated here a feed device 127 is provided for each track and therefore for each product 111 to be cut. The feed device engages at the rear product end and supplies the product 111 in the direction of the arrow to the cutting plane 117. The individual product supply means that the supply speed can be individually set and varied in each track and thus for each product 111.
In particular it is possible to momentarily suspend the product supply in each track, this means to stop the respective feed device 127 in order to carry out so-called blank cuts with regard to the respective product, this means in order to achieve that no slices are momentarily cut off from the respective product 111 as was already mentioned in the introduction.
Hereby it is not only possible to arbitrarily predefine the track individual properties, for example, the weight and/or the thickness of the respective product slices forming the respective portion 113 or to arbitrarily predefine the portion weight due to the individual product supply individually for each track, but it is also possible to select the number of the respective product slices forming the portions 113 individually for each track.
The latter is indicated in
The three portions 113 respectively lying next to one another in the tracks are composed to an overall portion 119 by subsequently switched processes as is indicated by the dotted lines in
In
The feed apparatus illustrated in
The transport of the individual portions 113, of the overall portions 119 as well as of packages 123 taking place in a feed direction F1 will be described in detail later on, in the example illustrated here it is ensured by the conveyer belts 131, which are designed as an endless belt conveying apparatus.
An upper portion 113 already lies on a separation layer 125, for example, of paper. The stacking of the upper portion 113 onto the support layer 125 occurs at a previously arranged not illustrated position. By means of a feed belt 131 tilting downwardly in the direction of a middle feed belt 131, the upper portions 113 respectively lying on top of the separation layer 125 arrive at a lower portion 113, whereby an overall portion 119 emerges, which in turn can be inserted into packages 123 transported by a lower feed belt 131 by means of a downwardly tilted feed belt 133.
The feed belt 131 transporting the packages 123 can be viewed as a component of the otherwise non-illustrated packaging machine, in which the packages 123 having the overall portions 119 are completed, in particular are closed.
The upper portion 113 and the lower portion 113 stem from different tracks of a cutting apparatus as was previously explained with reference to the example of
Furthermore, the upper portion 113 and the lower portion 113 can be different from one another in view of their overall weight, in view of the weight of their slices or in view of the thickness of their slices. These parameters can principally be set in an arbitrary kind and manner, as was previously explained, by a corresponding control of the product supply of the slicer 115.
In accordance with
The products can respectively be engaged at their rear end by the respective feed devices 219 designed as product grippers in this example. When the common carrier 237 is moved in the direction of a cutting plane 215 by means of a common drive 233, all product grippers 219 and thus all products are expediently taken along in this connection. For cutting the next products, the product grippers 219 are again moved back into the start position. During the cutting the common drive 233 consequently provides a common feed speed for the products which can, however, be individually corrected for each product in that during the cutting the product grippers 219 are moved independent from one another relative towards the carrier 237 as is indicated by the double arrows at the product grippers 219.
For each product a fine tuning or correction of the feed speed can hereby take place by the common drive 233 in order to compensate, for example, individual variations of the product cross-section and/or the product density over the product length in this manner such that the product slices cut off from the product or the thereby formed portions each have a desired weight.
Alternatively the product supply 221 can be designed such that a separate supply is present for each product, wherein the product supply can be operated completely independent from one another.
In the illustrated embodiment two products can simultaneously be cut up, this means the cutting apparatus is designed as two-track in this example. The number of the tracks is, however, principally arbitrary.
At least one non-illustrated cutting blade moves in the cutting plane 215 which can, for example, be a sickle blade rotating about a blade axis or it can be a circular blade which rotates about a blade axis and additional revolves about a central axis in a planetary motion manner.
A transfer device 223 is arranged downstream of the cutting plane 215 in the feed direction F2 which includes a first feed device 225 designed as a portioning belt as well as a second feed device 227 designed as a control belt for each track. Furthermore, a further control belt 228 is arranged downstream of the two control belts 227 commonly associated with both tracks.
As is indicated by the double arrows the portioning belts 225 and the control belts 227 are drivable both in the feed direction F2 and also in the opposite direction, this means that slices, portions or partial portions lying on these belts can be moved in the feed direction F2 and also against the feed direction F2 in dependence on the control signals or control commands of a control unit which is not illustrated in this example.
In accordance with the invention the transfer device 223 is designed separate with regard to the two tracks so that the two portioning belts 225 and the two control belts 227 can each be operated independent from the another.
As can be seen from the illustration of
Both the lowering and the lifting and also the pivoting of each portioning belt 225 can take place independent of each of the other portioning belt 225, this means also in this regard a separation of the two tracks can be provided.
A portion 213 is illustrated on each portioning belt 225 for illustration in
An incomplete portion can be momentarily “parked” in that the incomplete portion is transferred from the portioning belt 225 to the first control belt 227 for the portion completion already mentioned in the introduction. The then free portioning belt 225 is then available for the reception of the unusable product pieces arising at the subsequent product during the trimming cut. These can, for example, be disposed of by folding away and operating the portioning belt 225 against the feed direction F2. The now free portioning belt 225 can then once more receive the incomplete portions parked at the first control belt 227 in that the control belt 227 is moved against the feed direction F2 onto the portioning belt 225 by operating the two belts 225, 227.
As was already mentioned such portion completions can take place in the individual tracks completely independent from one another. Alternatively a procedure can be selected as will be explained in detail in the following with reference to
Each line indicates a cut off product slice in
In
Since one product 211 has a shorter residual length than the other product 211, the cutting procedure in that one track is terminated while the cutting of the product 211 in the other track is still ongoing. This is shown in
On the portioning belt 225 of the track having the product of shorter residual length thus an incomplete partial portion 217 has arisen which merely includes three product slices. The partial portion 217 is initially not transported onto the subsequent control band 227 in this example, but remains on the a positioning belt 225 which is thus momentarily suspended. The complete portion previously present on the first control band 227 has already been transported to the further control band 228.
In the embodiment explained in this example it is provided that the completion of these two partial portions 217 starts simultaneously. For this purpose the two partial portions 217 are respectively transferred from the portioning belt 225 to the respective control band 227 in accordance with
Following this the re-supply of the intermittently parked partial portions 217 back into their starting position can occur in that, in accordance with
Therefore it is not required in accordance with the invention to complete partial portions by hand. Moreover, product losses are minimized, as partial portions no longer have to be disposed of.
In accordance with
In the operating state illustrated in
As soon as the product 315 comes to an end, for example, in the right track 313c in the Figure and the remaining product stub in this track is no longer sufficient to form a complete portion 317, however, the remaining product stubs of the other tracks 313a, 313b are still sufficient to form complete portions 317, the supply of the product 315 in the right product track 313c in the Figure is suspended by a corresponding control of the product supply and the product stub is transferred into a retracted blank cut position, as is illustrated in
The product stubs at the tracks 313a, 313b, 313c are of different length, this means that the incomplete partial portions to be respectively expected are of different size. In this respect the size of the product stub is independent from the point in time at which the remaining product stub is no longer sufficient for the formation of a complete portion. Due to differences in the product properties, e.g. a different cross-sectional course it can also be that the product stub at that track at which the first blank cut operation was started could be the longest of all tracks or could also be the shortest of all tracks.
In a common product stub consumption process the product stubs are now cut up at all tracks 313a, 313b, 313c, wherein on cutting of the product stubs one starts with the largest remaining product stub on the central track 313b in accordance with
The remaining no longer usable end pieces 329 are retracted from the cutting plane S3 and are removed, for example by a clamp provided in the product feed. Furthermore, the incomplete partial portions 327 are conveyed by the portion feed 327 in the feed direction F3 onto the control feed 323 as is illustrated in
Subsequently, the incomplete partial portions 327 are moved against the feed direction F3 by the control feed 323 back to the portion feed 321 in accordance with
As is illustrated by the arrows in
An alternative method for the cutting of food products in several tracks is described with reference to
Like in the first embodiment the supply of the product 317′ is, for example, suspended in the right track 313c, if the remaining product stub in this track is no longer sufficient for the formation of a complete portion 317′ and the remaining product stub in both the other tracks 313a, 313b is still sufficient for the formation of at least one portion 317′. Then complete portions 317′ are further cut at both of the left product tracks 313a, 313b, in contrast to which the product 315 at the right product track 313c is moved into the blank cut position. This state is illustrated in
As soon as, for example, the product stub in the left product track 313a is also no longer sufficient for the formation of the complete portion 317′, this product 315 is also moved into the blank cut position at this product track 313a.
In accordance with
The other product tracks 313a, 313b hop in “flyingly” once the rear edge 340 of the respective partial portion 327′ has arrived at the completing position. After completion of this method both the front edges 330 and also the rear edges 340 of the completed portion 317′ are evenly aligned. The completed portions 317′ can now be transferred in a manner known per se and the formation of new completed portions 317′ can resume in accordance with the state of continuous mode of operation illustrated in accordance with
This alternative is obviously also suitable for portions of evenly stacked slices. In how far this alternative is generally suitable for shingled portions depends on the degree at which the specific apparatus allows to re-supply portions with their rear edges beyond the completing position without the slices falling off.
All embodiments of the apparatus described in this context are, in particular configured to be operated in accordance with one or more of the methods described herein. Furthermore, all embodiments of the apparatus described herein as well as all embodiments of the method described herein can be respectively combined with one another.
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| 10 2010 034 674 | Aug 2010 | DE | national |
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