Patent Grant
11156422
There are no previously filed, nor currently any co-pending applications, anywhere in the world.
The present invention relates to a safety feature for a semi-automatic pistol and, more particularly, to a method and apparatus for safely decocking a 1911-style pistol (also referred to as “M1911”, “1911A1”, or just “1911”).
The “1911 style” pistol is a single-action, semi-automatic, magazine-fed recoil operated pistol chambered for the 0.45 ACP cartridge. Later adaptations were developed using alternate ammunition, including 0.22, 0.38 Super, 9×19 mm Parabellum, 0.40 S&W, 10 mm Auto, 0.400 Corbon, 0.460 Rowland, 0.22 LR, 0.50 GI, 0.455 Webley, 9×23 mm Winchester, and others, with the most popular alternative versions being 9×19 mm Parabellum, 0.38 Super and 10 mm Auto. Originally designed by John Browning in the late 1890s as a replacement for the revolvers then used, the “1911 style” firearm has become a widely used style of sidearm, both within the military and law enforcement, as well as in civilian use.
As shown according to the PRIOR ART in conjunction with
Various improvements have occurred since the basic operational mechanism was developed. A grip safety 14 is an automatic safety feature and allows operation only when the grip 13 is grasped. A thumb safety 50 is provided as an additional manual safety feature operated by the user. A disconnector 5 impinges the sear 44 to prevent firing out of battery. A slide stop 48 is further provided on most standard 1911's.
The same basic design has been offered commercially and in widespread use. However, the design of a single action semiautomatic pistols such as 1911-style firearms allow the hammer 17 can be cocked by a user's thumb or by sliding back the slide 47 either manually or due to a shot. In both cases, the hammer 17 always stands in the same cocked position. While this allows only some pressure of the forefinger on the trigger to fire the weapon, in the event the user dies not wish to fire the weapon the hammer remains in the cocked position and must somehow be safely decocked. While guns of this kind may be locked with the hammer in the cocked position, the only way to decock the gun after its unlocking is to thumb the hammer and lead it down, little by little, after pull the trigger.
The risk of accidental shots due to the trigger sensitivity when the gun is unlocked requires its carrying inside a holster always locked or with the hammer down and unlocked. In both cases, a sudden draw out of the pistol requires a conscious act to either unlock or to cock it with the thumb.
Some methods and devices are known that incorporate various mechanisms for providing prevention from unintended operation of the firearm. For example:
U.S. Pat. No. 8,127,481, issued in the name of Rozum et al., discloses a 1911-style semiautomatic pistol thumb safety or decocking lever adapted to be coupled to a model 1911 receiver. The thumb safety has a selector pivotally coupled about an axis of rotation to a side of the model 1911 receiver the selector having a flat surface portion offset from the axis of rotation and contacting the side. The selector has a raised surface portion offset from the axis of rotation and facing the side. The safety is adapted to be selectable from a first position to a second position. The flat surface portion covers a swept area when the safety is rotated from the first position to the second position. The swept area is covered by the raised surface portion in either the first position or the second position.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,415,702, issued in the name of Szabo et al, discloses a double action semi-automatic 1911-style handgun that includes a double action trigger assembly. The hammer of the handgun is cocked and released by a drawbar mounted internally to the frame. The handgun also includes a grip mounted safety device to prevent accidental discharging of the handgun and a device to de-cock the handgun without discharging a chambered round.
Several companies have developed a firing pin block safety. Colt's 80 series uses a trigger operated one and several other manufacturers, including Kimber and Smith & Wesson, use a Swartz firing-pin safety, which is operated by the grip safety.
Consequently, a need has been felt for providing an apparatus and method which disables and decocks a 1911-style semi-automatic handgun in addition to the use of the conventional grip safety and thumb safety.
It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a method of decocking a 1911-style firearm.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a device within a 1911-style firearm for enabling a method of decocking.
It is a feature of the present invention to provide a 1911-style firearm incorporating a decocking lever that automatically decocks a cocked hammer.
Briefly described according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a true decocking apparatus is adapted into a 1911-style firearm. A decocking lever, when pushed in one forward motion, automatically returns a cocked hammer to its resting position. The decocking lever initially pushes the firing pin forward, out of reach of the hammer, and then pushes against the sear to release the hammer in its typical fashion.
Further object, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the course of the following description.
The advantages and features of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following more detailed description and claims taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like elements are identified with like symbols, and in which:
The best mode for carrying out the invention is presented in terms of its preferred embodiment, herein depicted within the Figures. It should be understood that the legal scope of the description is defined by the words of the claims set forth at the end of this patent and that the detailed description is to be construed as exemplary only and does not describe every possible embodiment since describing every possible embodiment would be impractical, if not impossible. Numerous alternative embodiments could be implemented, using either current technology or technology developed after the filing date of this patent, which would still fall within the scope of the claims.
It should also be understood that, unless a term is expressly defined in this patent there is no intent to limit the meaning of that term, either expressly or by implication, beyond its plain or ordinary meaning, and such term should not be interpreted to be limited in scope based on any statement made in any section of this patent (other than the language of the claims). To the extent that any term recited in the claims at the end of this patent is referred to in this patent in a manner consistent with a single meaning, that is done for sake of clarity only so as to not confuse the reader, and it is not intended that such claim term by limited, by implication or otherwise, to that single meaning. Finally, unless a claim element is defined by reciting the word “means” and a function without the recital of any structure, it is not intended that the scope of any claim element be interpreted based on the application of 35 U.S.C. § 112, sixth paragraph.
The best mode for carrying out the invention is presented in terms of its preferred embodiment, herein depicted within the Figures.
Referring now to
As the linkage 104 moves rearward, it pushes against the bottom of the pivot lever 110 which consists of two nubs 112, 114. The first pivot lever nub 112 located at the bottom of the pivot lever 110 is to activate the sear 44 and the second pivot lever nub 114 is located on the top of the pivot lever 110 is to create an interference or stop to the hammer 17. When the bottom of the pivot lever 110 is pushed rearward, the second nub 114 moves forward, out of the channel 106 which is machined around the pin hole of the hammer 17. The channel 106 gives clearance to the hammer stop nub 114 under normal firing operation. When hammer stop nub 114 is moved/pushed outside of channel 106, it is aligned with the stop base 116 of the hammer 17.
As the top hammer stop nubb 114 is aligned with the stop base 116 of the hammer 17, the bottom sear nubb 112 activates the sear 44 which allows the fully cocked hammer 17 to be released and the hammer 17 thereafter being stopped when stop base 116 on hammer 17 makes contact with the stop nubb 114 on the pivot lever 110. At this time, the hammer has decocked to a position approximately 70% from its full throw.
As the decocking lever 100 is released, the stop nubb 114 on pivot lever 110 is forced to return into the channel 106 of the hammer 17 because of the contact angles of the hammer stop base 116 and hammer stop nub 114 on pivot lever 110. As the hammer stop nubb 114 is returning into the channel 106 of the hammer 17, the hammer 17 continues to decock and the sear nub 112 on the pivot lever 110 is allowing the sear 44 to return to its non-activating position and thus stopping the hammer 17 to its “half cocked” position (which is actually only cocked approximately 5% from its full throw). At the half cocked position, (approximately 5%), the trigger 17 may be pulled to decock the hammer to its full decocked position, if desired.
In light of the above teachings, it is important to understand that the invention is not limited in its application to the specific details of the construction illustrated and the steps described herein. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or carried out in a variety of ways. It is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation.
In operation, several variations should be pointed out that may or may not be apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art in light of the present invention. First, a majority (i.e. estimate over 95%) of all pistols with external hammers, including 1911-style pistol, revolvers and other semi automatics, have a half cocked position (5% cocked) as a safety feature. Such a feature provides security in the event that the hammer gets unintentionally caught/pulled and then released accidentally. This can happen from a foreign object or when intentionally cocking the hammer with one's thumb and accidentally allowing it to slip before engaging the hammer to the fully cocked position.
Second, the present innovations may be incorporated into new 1911-style weapons, or may be retrofit to existing handguns. When retrofitting, machining on the inside of the frame must be performed to accommodate the decocking lever, linkage and pivot lever. In such retrofitting, the pivot lever 110 may be supported from the same disconnector pin 51 that supports the existing sear 44.
Finally, according to the present invention the decocking lever, linkage and pivot lever will automatically return to the rest position by means of the sear leaf spring being divided into two. The addition of a return spring may be added to the decocking lever under the left side hand grip in order to increase the return urging force.
The foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive nor to limit the invention to precise forms disclosed and, obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments are chosen and described in order to best explain principles of the invention and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and its various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that a scope of the invention be defined broadly by the Drawings and Specification appended hereto and to their equivalents. Therefore, the scope of the invention is in no way to be limited only by any adverse inference under the rulings of Warner-Jenkinson Company, v. Hilton Davis Chemical, 520 US 17 (1997) or Festo Corp. v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co., 535 U.S. 722 (2002), or other similar caselaw or subsequent precedent should not be made if any future claims are added or amended subsequent to this Patent Application.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4589327 | Smith | May 1986 | A |
| 5216195 | Tuma | Jun 1993 | A |
| 5303494 | Tuma | Apr 1994 | A |
| 5596162 | Burns | Jan 1997 | A |
| 6415702 | Szabo | Jul 2002 | B1 |
| 7698845 | Hochstrate | Apr 2010 | B2 |
| 8127481 | Rozum | Mar 2012 | B2 |
| 20020020100 | Roca | Feb 2002 | A1 |
| 20020056359 | Szabo | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20030070342 | Baker | Apr 2003 | A1 |
| 20050229462 | McGarry | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20060150466 | Hochstrate | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20120023801 | Rozum | Feb 2012 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 550238 | Dec 1992 | EP |
