Method and apparatus for manufacturing a press-formed object

Abstract

A press has a die unit, a feed mechanism and a table unit. The feed mechanism feeds a sheet of material to the die unit. The die unit has a punch and a die for punching first and second holes in the sheet. The punching axis of the punch is inclined at an acute angle with respect to the sheet. The table unit supports the die unit and rotates the die unit with respect to the sheet to direct the punching axis in different directions to form the first and second holes in different directions.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present invention is a Divisional of Ser. No. 09/586,154, filed on Jun. 2, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,505,535 and is related to Japanese patent application No. Hei. 11-158422, filed Jun. 4, 1999, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a method for manufacturing a press-formed, and more particularly, for manufacturing a press-formed object having a plurality of different holes such as a nozzle hole plate of a fuel injector.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

To punch an angled hole in a sheet, generally, a die unit must be provided which enables a punch to slide at an angle with respect to the sheet. Such a device is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 207600/1991. A die unit set forth in this publication can be used to make a press-formed object having first and second holes, whose diameters are equal and whose punch directions are symmetrical about a direction normal to the sheet. In this publication, the first hole is first press-formed. Then, the die unit is rotated about a direction normal to the sheet, and the second hole is press-formed.

However, when the die unit is rotated (moved) to form the second hole, the position of the die with respect to the sheet (the workpiece) shifts. It is therefore necessary to adjust the position of the die unit with respect to the sheet (this adjustment is hereinafter referred to as a positioning operation). This operation is carried out after the die unit is rotated (moved).

Consequently, when a die unit is rotated every time one hole is punched for manufacturing press-formed objects, at least one positioning operation occurs during the manufacture of each press-formed object. This increases manufacturing man-hours (manufacturing time). As a result, productivity is lowered, thus making it difficult to achieve manufacturing cost reductions. This especially impacts large volume manufacturing. The present invention was developed in light of these drawbacks.

SUMMARY OF THEE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the present invention to improve the productivity of manufacturing a press-formed object having a plurality of holes.

To achieve this and other objects, a first and second aspect of the present invention provides a first step of press forming a plurality of first holes in a sheet while feeding the sheet in a first direction through a press. In a second step, a second plurality of holes are formed in the sheet while feeding the sheet in a second direction. A third step is provided which cuts the sheet to predetermined dimensions.

In another aspect of the present invention, a press apparatus comprising a feed mechanism capable of switching between a first feeding state and a second feeding state is provided. In the first feeding state, the press apparatus feeds a sheet one way. In the second feeding state, the press apparatus feeds the sheet in the opposite direction. A die unit is provided having a punch and a die for punching first and second holes in the sheet. A table unit is provided which is capable of supporting and moving the die unit with respect to the sheet. As a result, productivity is increased according to that described above.

Further areas of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description provided hereinafter. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1A is a front schematic view of a press apparatus according to the present invention:

FIG. 1B is a side schematic view of a press apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2A is a top view of a nozzle hole plate for manufacturing by a press apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2B a side view of a nozzle hole plate for manufacturing by a press apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a first die unit of a press apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view of a punch die and part for a press apparatus during a stamping operation according to the present invention;

FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of a punch die and part for a press apparatus during a stamping operation according to the present invention;

FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view of a punch die and part for a press apparatus during a stamping operation according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second die unit for a press apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a third die unit for a press apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 7A is a schematic view of a forming press apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 7B is a top view of a work piece in a forming press apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view of a press apparatus showing a punch holder according to the present invention

FIG. 8B a view in the direction of the arrow A of FIG. 8A of a press according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a top view of the press apparatus of a first preferred embodiment according to the present invention; and

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a press apparatus according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In a first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 2A, a press 100 is used to form first, second and third nozzle holes 21, 22 and 23 respectively (punched holes). These holes are formed in the base part of nozzle hole plate 20 (a press-formed object) for a fuel injecting device (injector). Moreover, holes 21, 22 and 23 are different sizes and punch angles with respect to nozzle hole plate 20. The nozzle hole plate 20, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, is approximately cup shaped.

In FIGS. 1A and 1B, press 100 has a press die set 110 for punching nozzle holes 21, 22 and 23 in a thin sheet workpiece w. First die unit 110 is engaged with press machine 120, which is a hydraulic or mechanical press for locomoting upper die base 2 up and down. Die set 110 has a lower die base 1 which is fixed, as shown in FIG. 3, and an upper die base 2 which moves up and down by operation of press machine 120. A first guide post 3 (first guide member) guides the movement of the upper die base 2. A first guide bush 4 is in sliding engagement with the circumferential periphery of the first guide post 3. Guide bush 4 is disposed between the first guide post 3 and the upper die base 2 to allow sliding movement of upper die base 2 and guide post 3. A coil spring 3a (elastic member) urges the upper die base 2 and a punch holder 10, which will be further discussed later, in an upward direction.

Press die set 110 contains a lower die 5 (piercing die or female die) and is mounted on the lower die base 1. Lower die 5 is inserted, with a spacer 6 disposed around it, into a hole in a die plate 7. Discharge holes 8a and 8b allow punch cuttings to discharge and are provided in the die 5 and the lower die base 1, respectively. Punch 9 is positioned in punch holder 10. Punch 9 is slidably received in punch holder 10, which is mounted with a predetermined gap δ between itself and the die 5.

Punch holder 10 is guided by second guide post 11, which extends parallel with the first guide post 3. Punch holder 10 moves up and down with the upper die base 2, and slidably holds punch 9 at an angle to the direction of movement of punch holder 10 (the up/down direction). A coil spring 9a urges the punch 9 toward upper die base 2.

The second guide post 11 is press-fitted to the punch holder 10, and a guide bush 11a is slidably disposed between the second guide post 11 and the upper die base 2. As a result, the punch holder 10 moves with respect to the upper die base 2. A guide bush 11b is interposed between the second guide post 11 and the die plate 7, and renders the second guide post 11 slideable with respect to the die plate 7.

The punch holder 10 thus is structurally positioned with respect to the die plate 7 by the second guide post 11. The second guide post 11 thereby functions as die unit positioning means which fixes the position of the punch 9 (first punch) with respect to the die 5 (first die). The punch holder 10 is also suspended from the upper die base 2 by a hanger bolt 12. Hanger bolt 12 is slidably inserted in the upper die base 2. The hanger bolt 12 is urged toward the die 5 (and the lower die base 1) by a coil spring (elastic member) 13.

Punch holder insert 14 slidingly guides punch 9. Punch holder insert 14 is made of a material (in this preferred embodiment, cemented carbide) harder than the material of the punch holder 10 (in this preferred embodiment, an alloy tool steel such as SKD11).

A pushing member 15 moves integrally with the upper die base 2 and pushes the punch 9 toward the die 5 when upper die base 2 descends. A contact face 15a is provided on pushing member 15 where it contacts punch 9. This contact face is inclined to an angle substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the punch 9. The portion of the punch 9 which contacts contact face 15a is formed with a spherical surface.

A first block 16 makes contact with the punch holder 10 and mechanically regulates a minimum dimension of the gap 6 when the punch holder 10 has descended to its lowest point. This minimum gap occurs when the punch holder 10 and the die 5 are closest together, and when face 16a contacts punch holder 10. Opposite face 16a is first sloping face 16b which slopes with respect to the direction of movement of the pushing member 15 (the vertical direction). A second block 17 is disposed slidably on a bed face 1 of the lower die base 1, and a second sloping face 17a which is slidable with respect to the first sloping face 16b is formed on this second block 17.

An actuator (moving means) 18 moves the second block 17 in a direction (a direction parallel with the bed face 1a) substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the pushing member 15. Actuator 18 and the two blocks 16, 17 make up a dimension adjusting mechanism 19 for adjusting the dimension δ₀ (see FIGS. 4A through 4C) of the gap δ in a direction parallel with the direction of movement of the pushing member 15 (the vertical direction).

FIG. 5 shows a second die unit 130 for forming the second nozzle hole 22, and FIG. 6 shows a third die unit 140 for forming the third nozzle hole 23. The second die unit 130 and third die unit 140 provide different sized dies and punches than disclosed in the first die unit 110. Therefore, their reference numerals for these elements have been changed as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. However, the interrelationship between these components remains the same. A description of such interrelationship therefore has been omitted. Additionally, the punches of the second and third die units move in different directions relative to workpiece w than disclosed in the first die unit to change the entrance angle of the respective hole. The remaining elements are the same as the first die unit. Therefore, a detailed description of these similar elements is also omitted.

In FIG. 1, a support table unit 150 removably supports die units 110. This support table unit 150 is made up of an X-Y table mechanism 151 for moving the die unit in a horizontal plane and a θ table mechanism 152 for rotating the die unit about a vertical axis, parallel with the direction of movement of the pushing member 15. The table mechanisms 151, 152 are ordinary table mechanisms driven by driving means such as servomotors.

Locating pins 153 fix the position of the die unit with respect to the support table unit 150. Insertion holes (die unit positioning means) 154, 155 into which the locating pins 153 are inserted (press-fitted) are formed in the support table unit 150 and the lower die base 1 (of the die unit).

Coil stands 161, 162 support the band-like workpiece w wound in a coil. Feed devices 163, 164 feed the workpiece w through the press 100. Feed devices 163, 164 can switch between a first feeding state in which they feed the workpiece w in one direction, and a second feeding state in which they feed the work piece in the other direction. Hereinafter, a band (workpiece) wound in a coil will be called a roll.

locating pins 165 move up and down integrally with the press machine 120 to fix the position of the workpiece w with respect to the support table unit 150.

The operation of the present invention will now be described.

In FIG. 3, when the upper die base 2 is pushed by the press machine 120, the upper die base 2 moves toward the lower die base 1. At this time, because the punch holder 10 is suspended from the upper die base 2, it moves toward the die 5 while remaining a fixed distance from the upper die base 2. This continues until it makes contact with the first block 16, as shown in FIG. 8A.

Locating holes w1 are provided in the workpiece w with a uniform inter-spacing, in its length wise direction, as shown in FIG. 9. When the upper die base 2 and the locating pins 165 move toward the lower side (the lower die base 1 side), the locating pins 165 are inserted into the locating holes w1, thereby affixing the workpiece w in position with respect to the support table unit 150.

After contacting block 16, movement of the punch holder 10 is regulated by the first block 16. Therefore, only the pushing member 15 moves downward integrally with the upper die base 2. As such, the punch 9 is pushed by the pushing member 15 and moves toward the die 5. Consequently, the workpiece w is pushed by the punch 9, and a first nozzle hole 21 is formed in the workpiece w. Moreover, the first nozzle hole 21 is formed while the work piece w is in a fixed position with respect to the support table unit 150.

The above described series of operations is the same for formation of the second and third nozzle holes 22 and 23, as well as for the first nozzle hole 21. This series of operations is hereinafter referred to as the piercing step.

Next, a method for manufacturing a press-formed object is described having the following steps.

1. In the first piercing step, the First Nozzle Hole 21 is formed. Here, the first die unit 110 is first fixed in position on the support table unit 150. Then, while the workpiece w is fed one way in its length wise direction (towards the right side of FIG. 1A), a piercing step, as described above, is continuously carried out until there is no workpiece w left wound on the coil stand 161 (first step).

Then, the support table unit 150 (the θ table mechanism 152) is moved (rotated about a direction normal to the workpiece w) as shown in FIG. 9 to change the angle of the punch 9, with respect to the workpiece w. Then, while the workpiece w is fed in the opposite direction to that of the first step (toward the left side of FIG. 1A), a piercing step is continuously carried out until no workpiece w remains wound on the coil stand 162.

2. In a second piercing step, the Second Nozzle Hole 22 is formed. Here, the first die unit 110 is first removed from the support table unit 150, and the second die unit 130 is fixed in position on the support table unit 150. Then, in the same way as described above in forming the First Nozzle Hole 21, a piercing step is continuously carried out until there is no more workpiece w left wound on the coil stand 161. This piercing step is carried out while the workpiece w is fed into the press one way, in its length-wise direction.

Then, the support table unit 150 (the θ table mechanism 152) is rotated, thereby changing the angle of the punch 9 relative to the workpiece w. While the workpiece w is fed in the opposite direction to that of the first step, a piercing step is continuously carried out until no more workpiece w remains wound on the coil stand 162.

3. In the third piercing step, the Third Nozzle Hole 23 is formed. Here, the second die unit 130 is first removed from the support table unit 150, and the third die unit 140 is fixed in position on the support table unit 150. Then, the third nozzle hole is formed in the same way as the first Nozzle Hole 21 as described above, while the workpiece w is fed one way in its length wise direction. Thus, a piercing step is continuously carried out until no more workpiece w remains wound on the coil stand 161.

Then, the support table unit 150 is again rotated to change the angle of punch 9 relative to workpiece w. Then, while the workpiece w is fed in the opposite direction to that of the first step, a piercing step is continuously carried out until no workpiece w remains wound on the coil stand 162.

4. In a nozzle hole plate forming step (Third Step), After the first through third piercing steps are complete, the workpiece w on coil stand 161 is fitted to the coil stand 171. The workpiece w on coil stand 171 is then fed through the forming press 170. Here, circular portions of the workpiece w where the first through third nozzle holes 21 through 22 are formed are punched out with predetermined dimension as shown in FIG. 7B. Simultaneously, the punched-out circular workpiece w is formed approximately cup shaped.

FIG. 7A is a schematic view of the forming press 170 used in the nozzle hole plate-forming step. Forming press 170 punches out portions of workpiece w as described above and as shown in FIG. 7B. Simultaneously, this device forms the punched-out circular workpiece w as approximately cupped shape (see FIG. 2). Workpiece w is shown wound on coil stand 171 after having completed first through third piercing steps. Coil stand 172 takes up residual material (scrap material) remaining after the workpiece w is cut out. Feed devices (not shown) of the forming press 170 feed the workpiece w in one direction only.

The dimension adjusting mechanism 19 will now be described. The dimension adjusting mechanism compensates for when workpiece w has changed, or when the punch 9 or the die 5 has worn out, requiring punch 9 to be adjusted with respect to die 5. The relative positions of the punch 9 and the die 5 are adjusted by changing the dimension δ₀ as mentioned above (adjusting step).

Then, after the adjusting step is finished, the press machine 120 is operated and, as described above, the punch 9 is pushed toward the die 5 by the pushing member 15, and a nozzle hole is formed (pressing step) in the workpiece w (metal sheet). In this example, adjustment is provided before pressing only when the thickness of the workpiece w has changed or when the punch 9 or the die 5 has worn out. This creates a need to adjust the punch 9 with respect to the die 5. Alternatively, however, to further improve product quality, an adjusting step can be provided before the pressing step, every time the press apparatus is operated.

Some notable characteristics of the present invention will now be discussed. As mentioned above, when the die units 110, 130 and 140 are rotated or otherwise moved with respect to the workpiece w, a positioning operation is necessary. In the related art, as previously discussed, because the die unit must be rotated each time a hole is press-formed, it is necessary for a positioning operation to be carried out 12×n times. (Twelve being the total number of the first through third nozzle holes 21 through 23.)

With the present invention, however, n nozzle holes of equal punch angle and size are formed continuously while the workpiece w is fed one way. Then, the feed direction is reversed and the die unit is rotated and further n nozzle holes are formed continuously. To form n nozzle hole plates 20, it is only necessary for a positioning operation to be carried out twelve times.

As a result of the above, because a large number of first holes are first formed, followed by formation of the second holes, the positioning operation must be carried out only twice, even when a large number of press-formed objects are to be formed from one band-like sheet.

In the present invention, the positioning work time is cut to 1/n compared to a related art manufacturing method (wherein n is the number of press formed objects). As such, as the number of press-formed objects manufactured from a single sheet increases, manufacturing man-hours decreases. Accordingly, the productivity of manufacturing press-formed objects is improved.

Because work time to be cut to 1/n compared to the related art, production loss is reduced as the number of product increases. Also, because in each of the die units 110, 130 and 140; the punches 9, 92 and 93; and the dies 5, 52 and 53 of the die units 110, 130 and 140; are incorporated into one unit and fixed in position relative to each other by the second guide post 11, the different sized nozzle holes 21, 22 and 23 can be punched easily. The die units need only be fitted to the support table unit 150, without requiring alignment of the punches 9, 92 and 93 with the dies 5, 52 and 53.

Also, because of this fixturing, the holemaking accuracy is improved. Also, punch 9 is held in the punch holder 10 such that it can slide at an angle with respect to the direction of movement of pushing member 15. Thus, if the dimension δ₀ is adjusted by operation of the dimension adjusting mechanism 19, the punch 9 moves in a direction perpendicular to the direction to the dimension δ₀ (the pushing direction of the pushing member 15). Therefore, the punch 9 can be aligned to the die 5, an operation carried out easily with the dimension adjusting mechanism 19.

Therefore, because it is not necessary for the position of the punch to be adjusted by combining different thickness plates, positional adjustment of the punch 9 and die 5 can be carried out simply and accurately, irrespective of the skill of the operator doing the adjustment. Because positional adjustment of punch 9 and die 5 is carried out by adjusting the dimension δ₀, a concavity (recess part) 10a which is slightly larger than the thickness of the workpiece w is formed in the part of the punch holder 10 facing the workpiece w, as shown in FIG. 8B.)

In the present invention, positional adjustment of the punch 9 and the die 5 in the direction (hereinafter, this direction will be called the Y-direction) perpendicular to the sliding direction of the punch 9 is carried out by an adjustment method using thickness plates with the second guide post 11 as a reference.

in press-working, to form a nozzle hole in a nozzle plate of a fuel injector, it is necessary for positional adjustment in the feed direction to be carried out more frequently than positional adjustment in the Y-direction. This is the result of variation in the thickness of the workpiece w and wear of the punch 9. Therefore, with a workpiece w for which it is required that positional adjustment in the Y-direction be carried out as frequently as positional adjustment in the feed direction, it is preferable for the Y-direction positional adjustment to be carried out by the same kind of means as the feed direction positional adjustment.

FIG. 10 illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention. In this second preferred embodiment a press apparatus is provided with a press machine 121, 122, 123 for each of the die units 110, 130 and 140. This eliminates the need to interchange die units 110, 130 and 140 as described in the previous embodiment. This improves holemaking precision while also increasing the productivity of the manufacture of a nozzle hole plate 20.

While the above-described embodiments refer to examples of usage of the present invention, it is understood that the present invention may be applied to other usage, modifications and variations of the same, and is not limited to the disclosure provided herein.

Claims

1. A press apparatus for forming first holes and second holes in a sheet by punching said sheet, comprising: a die unit having a die assembly, said die assembly having a punch and a die for punching the first and second holes in said sheet, the punch and the die defining a punching axis being inclined at an acute angle with respect to a surface of said sheet; a feed mechanism for feeding said sheet to said die unit along a longitudinal direction of said sheet; and a table unit supporting said die unit and rotating only said die unit with respect to the sheet so as to direct the punching axis in opposite directions to form the first and second holes in an inclined fashion directed in the opposite directions; wherein the feed mechanism includes a first coil stand for supporting a first coil of the sheet, and a second coil stand for supporting a second coil of the sheet; the feed mechanism feeds the sheet in both directions between the first and second coil stands; the table unit rotates the die unit after the feed mechanism completely feeds the sheet in one of the directions; the table unit includes an X-Y table mechanism for moving the die unit in a horizontal plane and a θ table for rotating the die unit; and the θ table enables the punching axis of the punch and the die to be directed in the opposite directions.

2. The press apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said die assembly comprises a first die set and a second die set interchangeable with said first die set, said first die set having a first punch with a first diameter which forms said first holes and said second holes, said second die set having a second punch with a second diameter which forms third holes and fourth holes, whereby said first said second holes have a different diameter than said third holes and said fourth holes.

3. A manufacturing apparatus for a nozzle hole plate having a first hole and a second hole, the first and second holes being incline at an acute angle with respect to a perpendicular axis on the nozzle hole plate and being directed in opposite directions, the manufacturing apparatus comprising: a feed mechanism for feeding a band-like work piece along a longitudinal direction of the band-like work piece; a die unit located on a path through which the band-like work piece is fed, the die unit having a die set including a punch and a die for punching the first and second holes in the band-like work piece, the punch and the die defining a punching axis inclined at the acute angle with respect to a perpendicular axis on a plane of the band-like work piece; a first press machine supported above the die unit for driving the punch along the punching axis; a table unit located below the die unit for supporting the die unit, the table unit including a rotary mechanism for rotating only the die unit to at least two positions on which the punching axis is oriented in the opposite directions corresponding to the first and second holes; wherein the feed mechanism includes a first coil stand for supporting the band-like work piece in a coil fashion, and a second coil stand for supporting the band-like work piece in a coil fashion, the first and second coil stands being located on opposite sides of the die unit along the feeding path, and the feed mechanism feeding the band-like work piece in both directions between the first and second coil stands; the table unit rotates the die unit after the feed mechanism completely feeds the band-like work piece in one of the directions; the table unit includes an X-Y table mechanism for moving the die unit in a horizontal plane and a θ table for rotating the die unit; and the θ table enables the punching axis of the punch and the die to be directed in the opposite directions.

4. The manufacturing apparatus for a nozzle hole plate according to claim 3, further comprising: a second press machine for punching out the nozzle hole plate from the belt-like work piece on which the first and second holes are formed.