Patent Application
20190296322
This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from the prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-052801 filed on Mar. 20, 2018, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
This disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode sheet which is a component of a battery. More specifically, this disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode sheet including a current collecting foil and an electrode layer provided on both surfaces of the current collecting foil.
Heretofore, a secondary battery and other various types of batteries have been made up by use of positive and negative electrode sheets. Many of those electrode sheets are each configured to include an electrode layer on both surfaces of a current collecting foil. Each electrode layer is made of electrode active material as a major component and formed in layers. In general, such an electrode sheet is produced in a way that a layer of a mixture of raw powder and a liquid component is formed on each surface of the current collecting foil, and then the liquid component is removed by volatilization. After volatilization of the liquid component, furthermore, the electrode layers are pressed in a thickness direction of the electrode layers (see for example Japanese unexamined patent application publication No. 2009-245788). This is because an electrode layer with higher density is more advantageous to get larger battery capacity.
However, the foregoing conventional art have the following problems. Specifically, if the density of an electrode layer having been pressed is to be sufficiently increased, a manufacturing facility is inevitably large in order to adapt the rolls used to press the electrode layer for high load. In JP2009-245788A, the rolls are additionally provided with a heating function to enhance the density of the electrode layer. However, such an added heating function also leads to complication and enlargement in size of the manufacturing facility.
This disclosure has been made to address the above problems in the conventional art and has a purpose to provide a method and an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode sheet with an electrode layer having high density while suppressing enlargement and complication of a facility.
To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, one aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an electrode sheet, the electrode sheet including an electrode layer on both surfaces of a current collecting foil, the method comprising the steps of: feeding out an original electrode sheet from an original sheet feeding part, the original electrode sheet including an unfinished electrode layer on each of the surfaces of the current collecting foil; causing a press roll pair including a pair of rolls to contact with the original electrode sheet from both sides, the original electrode sheet being fed out from the original sheet feeding part, to form the unfinished electrode layers into electrode layers; receiving the electrode sheet having passed through the press roll pair by an electrode sheet receiving part; and causing a driving part to rotate each of the rolls of the press roll pair in a feeding direction of the original electrode sheet and the electrode sheet, wherein the original sheet feeding part, the press roll pair, and the electrode sheet receiving part are placed in a positional relationship such that the original electrode sheet and the electrode sheet are to be wound on one of the rolls of the press roll pair, and the rolls of the press roll pair are driven by the driving part to rotate such that a moving speed of cylindrical surface of an inner roll corresponding to one of the rolls, the inner roll being placed in a position where the original electrode sheet and the electrode sheet are wound on the inner roll, is higher than a moving speed of cylindrical surface of an outer roll corresponding to the other roll.
In the electrode sheet manufacturing method configured as above, the unfinished electrode layers corresponding to both surfaces of the original electrode sheet fed out from the original sheet delivery part are compressed when passing through the press roll pair, thereby forming into the electrode layers. Thus, the original electrode sheet is formed into the electrode sheet. Herein, the inner roll and the outer roll are configured such that the original electrode sheet or the electrode sheet is wound around the inner roll of the press roll pair and the outer roll rotates at a higher moving speed than the inner roll on which the original electrode sheet or the electrode sheet is wound. Therefore, during press work by the press roll pair, not only the press load but also the shear force caused by the difference in moving speed between the inner and outer rolls are applied to the unfinished electrode layers. Accordingly, the unfinished electrode layers are compressed more highly and thus a compression effect can be attained more than that obtained by only the press load. Consequently, an electrode sheet including a good electrode layer with high density can be produced.
In the foregoing electrode sheet manufacturing method, the moving speed of the cylindrical surface of the outer roll may be set within a range of 1.03 to 1.05 times higher than the moving speed of the cylindrical surface of the inner roll. The speed ratio in the above range can facilitate both the attainment of a high compression effect and the prevention of excessive load on the original electrode sheet and the electrode sheet easily.
In the foregoing electrode sheet manufacturing method, the original electrode sheet and the electrode sheet may be to be wound on the inner roll at a winding angle set in a range of 30° to 120°. The winding angle in the above range enables the inner roll to stably feed forward the original electrode sheet and the electrode sheet and also can prevent the original electrode sheet and the electrode sheet from being subjected to excessive stress caused by curving along the inner roll.
In the foregoing electrode sheet manufacturing method, an original electrode sheet in which the unfinished electrode layers corresponding to both surfaces are different in density from each other may be fed out from the original sheet feeding part such that the unfinished electrode layer with a higher density than the other unfinished electrode layer faces the inner roll in the press roll pair. Specifically, the original electrode sheet is fed in an orientation that the unfinished electrode layer having a lower density will contact with the outer roll when passing through the press roll pair. Since moving speed of cylindrical surface of the outer roll is higher than that of the inner roll, slippage is caused between the surface of the outer unfinished electrode layer and the surface of the outer roll. This produces a higher compression effect on the outer roll than on the inner roll. Thus, the density difference between the unfinished electrode layers corresponding to the both, front and back, surfaces of the original electrode sheet is reduced, so that the electrode sheet including a more homogeneous electrode layer on each surface can be produced.
According to another aspect, the present disclosure provides an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode sheet including an electrode layer on both surfaces of a current collecting foil, the apparatus comprising: an original sheet feeding part configured to feed out an original electrode sheet including an unfinished electrode layer on each of the surfaces of the current collecting foil; a press roll pair including a pair of rolls and configured to contact with the original electrode sheet from both sides, the original electrode sheet being fed out from the original sheet feeding part, to form the unfinished electrode layers into electrode layers; an electrode sheet receiving part configured to receive the electrode sheet having passed through the press roll pair; and a driving part configured to rotate each of the rolls of the press roll pair in a feeding direction of the original electrode sheet and the electrode sheet, wherein the original sheet feeding part, the press roll pair, and the electrode sheet receiving part are placed in a positional relationship such that the original electrode sheet and the electrode sheet are to be wound on one of the rolls of the press roll pair, and the rolls of the press roll pair are driven by the driving part to rotate such that a moving speed of cylindrical surface of an inner roll corresponding to one of the rolls, the inner roll being placed in a position where the original electrode sheet and the electrode sheet are wound on the inner roll, is higher than a moving speed of cylindrical surface of an outer roll corresponding to the other roll. The manufacturing apparatus configured as above can implement the electrode sheet manufacturing method in each of the foregoing configurations.
According to the above configuration, it is possible to provide a method and an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode sheet with an electrode layer having high density while suppressing enlargement and complication of a facility to be used for the method and the apparatus.
A detailed description of an embodiment of this disclosure will now be given referring to the accompanying drawings. The present embodiment is one typical embodiment of an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode sheet configured as shown in
An apparatus for manufacturing an electrode sheet (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a “manufacturing apparatus”) 1 shown in
The original sheet feeding part 2 includes a roll mounting shaft 8 and a tension roller 9. The roll mounting shaft 8 is configured to attach thereon an original sheet coil 10. This original sheet coil 10 is a roll of the original electrode sheet 6 wound into a rolled form. The tension roller 9 is configured to apply tensile force on the original electrode sheet 6 between the original coil 10 and the press roll pair 3.
The press roll pair 3 consists of a pair of rolls, i.e., a first roll 11 and a second roll 12. The press roll pair 3 is configured to allow the original electrode sheet 6 to pass between the first roll 11 and the second roll 12. When passing through the press roll pair 3, the original electrode sheet 6 is slightly compressed from above and below in its thickness direction and thus formed into the electrode sheet 7. In
The electrode sheet receiving part 4 includes a tension roller 13 and a take-up shaft 14. This take-up shaft 14 is configured to take up the electrode sheet 7 having passed through the press roll pair 3 to form an electrode sheet coil 15. The tension roller 13 is configured to apply tensile force on the electrode sheet 7 between the press roll pair 3 and the electrode sheet coil 15. Furthermore, the tension roller 9 and the tension roller 13 are arranged to define a winding angle (a contact angle) of the original electrode sheet 6 and the electrode sheet 7 to be wound on the second roll 12. This winding angle will be described later in detail.
The driving part 5 includes a controller 16, a first motor 17, and a second motor 18. The first motor 17 and the second motor 18 are configured to respectively rotate the first roll 11 and the second roll 12. The rotational directions of the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 are both directed to move forward the original electrode sheet 6 and the electrode sheet 7 in a feeding direction from the original sheet feeding part 2 to the electrode sheet receiving part 4. The controller 16 is configured to control the first motor 17 and the second motor 18 to separately rotate the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 at different circumferential speeds from each other. The relationship in rotational speed between the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 will be described later.
Herein, the original electrode sheet 6 and the electrode sheet 7 will be described in detail below. The original electrode sheet 6 and the electrode sheet 7 are actually identical to each other, but they are referred to by different names in the present embodiment. To be concrete, an electrode sheet in an unfinished state, that is, an unfinished electrode sheet yet to be pressed by the press roll pair 3, is named as the original electrode sheet 6. On the other hand, an electrode sheet in a finished state, that is, an electrode sheet having been pressed into a finished electrode sheet, is named as the electrode sheet 7. The structure of the original electrode sheet 6 and the electrode sheet 7 is described with reference to
The original electrode sheet 6 consists of a current collecting foil 19 and unfinished electrode layers 20 formed one on each of both surfaces of the current collecting foil 19. The electrode sheet 7 consists of the current collecting foil 19 and electrode layers 21 formed one on each of both surfaces of the current collecting foil 19. Each electrode layer 21 is a layer primarily made of electrode active material. Each unfinished electrode layer 20 is an unfinished electrode layer that will be pressed by the press roll pair 3 and compressed in the thickness direction to form the electrode layer 21. In other words, the unfinished electrode layers 20 are lower in density than the finished electrode layers 21, but these layers 20 and 21 are not particularly different from each other excepting the density. The original electrode sheet 6 is in a state after the current collecting foil 19 is formed, on each surface thereof, with a layer made of raw powder and liquid component for forming the electrode layer 21 and then subjected to a drying treatment, but not yet to be pressed by the press roll pair 3. A roll of the original sheet at this stage wound into a rolled form is the original sheet coil 10.
The following explanation is given to the winding angle of the original electrode sheet 6 and the electrode sheet 7 with respect to the second roll 12.
In the present embodiment, the winding angle θ is set in a range of 30° to 120°, more preferably, in a range of 30° to 90°. Specifically, if the winding angle θ is too small (close to a straight path), the original electrode sheet 6 and the electrode sheet 7 are not stably fed by the rotation of the second roll 12. On the other hand, if the winding angle θ is too large (close to a U-turn path), the original electrode sheet 6 and the electrode sheet 7 are subjected to large stress by curving at such a large winding angle θ. Please note that, in
Successively, the relationship in rotational speed between the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 will be described below. The manufacturing apparatus 1 in the present embodiment is configured to make a difference in moving speed of cylindrical surface between the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 during rotation. In other words, when the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 have the same diameter, their rotational speeds are set different from each other. The following explanation is made assuming that the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 have the same diameter.
In the present embodiment, the rotational speed of the first roll 11 is set higher than the rotational speed of the second roll 12. Therefore the first roll 11 is excessively rotated relative to movement of the original electrode sheet 6 and the electrode sheet 7. This is because the feeding, or moving, speed of the original electrode sheet 6 and the electrode sheet 7 depends on the rotational speed of the second roll 12 that contacts with the original electrode sheet 6 and the electrode sheet 7 over a longer distance than the first roll 11. Herein, the forces applied by the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 to the unfinished electrode layers 20 of the original electrode sheet 6 are explained below. Arrows P1, P2, T1, T2, G1, and G2 in
The force P1 and the force P2 act in the thickness direction of each unfinished electrode layer 20. Specifically, these forces P1 and P2 are opposite in direction and equal in magnitude. The force T1 and the force T2 act in the feeding direction or the anti-feeding direction; that is, the force T1 is a forward acting force and the force T2 is a backward acting force. Concretely, the force T1 is directed in the forward direction because the upper unfinished electrode layer 20 is urged forward by the first roll 11 that is excessively rotating. The force T2 is directed in the backward direction because the second roll 12 rotating more slowly than the first roll 11 brakes the excessive forward movement of the original electrode sheet 6 caused by the first roll 11. In comparison of magnitude between the force T1 and the force T2, the force T1 is larger than the force T2. This results from the foregoing difference in rotational speed. However, the difference in magnitude between those forces T1 and T2 is absorbed by sliding between the first roll 11 and the upper unfinished electrode layer 20. This magnitude difference between the force T1 and the force T2 generates a magnitude difference between the resultant force G1 and the resultant force G2 that the resultant force G1 is larger in magnitude than the resultant force G2.
In the press roll pair 3 in the present embodiment, the oblique forces defined as the foregoing resultant forces G1 and G2 are applied to the unfinished electrode layers 20 of the original electrode sheet 6. Accordingly, constituent particles of each unfinished electrode layer 20 are easily moved by press work as shown in
In the present embodiment, furthermore, with respect to the unfinished electrode layers 20 corresponding to the front and back surfaces of the original electrode sheet 6, a larger compressing force is exerted on the unfinished electrode layer 20 placed on a side facing the first roll 11 than a compressing force exerted on the other unfinished electrode layer 20. This also results from the difference in rotational speed between the first roll 11 and the second roll 12. Further, by just that much, the compression effect attained by press work is slightly larger in the unfinished electrode layer 20 in contact with the first roll 11 than in the unfinished electrode layer 20 in contact with the second roll 12.
Accordingly, when a difference in density originally exists between the upper and lower unfinished electrode layers 20 of the original electrode sheet 6, this density difference can be reduced by passing through the press roll pair 3. Specifically, the original sheet coil 10 has only to be attached to the roll mounting shaft 8 such that the unfinished electrode layer 20 having a higher density will face to the second roll 12.
Actually, a density difference often exists between the front and back unfinished electrode layers 20 of the original electrode sheet 6. The reason is in the process of manufacturing the original electrode sheet 6. Specifically, in the manufacturing process of the original electrode sheet 6, in most cases, the front and back unfinished electrode layers 20 are formed in turn, i.e., one at a time, on either surface of the current collecting foil 19 such that both layers 20 are not formed at the same time. Further, the press work is performed for adjusting of coating weight or for flattening of each unfinished electrode layer 20 every time each layer is formed. As a result, the first formed unfinished electrode layer 20 is subjected to the press work two times. In contrast, the manufacturing apparatus 1 in the present embodiment can manufacture the electrode sheet 7 with a reduced density difference between the front and back sides. When the density difference between the front and back unfinished electrode layers 20 of the original electrode sheet 6 is small or when the allowable limit of the density difference between the front and back electrode layers 21 of the electrode sheet 7 corresponding to a finished product is large, the original sheet coil 10 may also be mounted in a reversed orientation without any problems.
Herein, the relationship between a difference in rotational speed between the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 and a density increasing rate from the unfinished electrode layers 20 to the electrode layers 21 will be described below with reference to
Type of electrode sheet: Thick coating weight positive electrode sheet
Pressing load (Linear pressure): 9800 N/cm
Feeding speed: 10 m/min.
Roll diameter: 39 cm (in each of the first roll 11 and the second roll 12)
Winding angle θ: 30°
In this test, the rotational speed of the second roll 12 is set constant to a rotational speed for achieving the foregoing feeding speed, and the rotational speed of the first roll 11 is varied to generate a difference in rotational speed therefrom. Further, the density of the electrode layer 21 (i.e., the density after press work, or “post-press density”) located facing the first roll 11 after press work is calculated based on the coating weight (i.e., an adhesion amount per area) and the thickness of the layer. The higher this calculated post-press density is, the more excellent the quality of the electrode layer 21 is. In contrast, the lower the calculated post-press density, the poorer the quality of the electrode layer 21.
Results of the test are shown in a graph in
Herein, this density change index is defined as below:
Density change index=Post-press density of Electrode layer facing the first roll 11/Reference density
where the “reference density” represents a post-press density of the electrode layer facing the first roll 11 at a rotational speed ratio of 1.
In
In
In contrast, on the left side of 1 in the horizontal axis in
The electrode sheet is manufactured using the manufacturing apparatus 1 in the present embodiment in the following manner. Firstly, the original sheet coil 10 is mounted on the roll mounting shaft 8. At that time, as described above, the coil 10 may be attached in such an orientation as to consider the density difference between the unfinished electrode layers 20. The original electrode sheet 6 unreeled from the original sheet coil 10 is fed into the press roll pair 3 through the tension roller 9. Each roll of the press roll pair 3 is previously caused to rotate at the rotational speed in the foregoing relationship. The electrode sheet 7 fed from the press roll pair 3 is guided to the take-up shaft 14 through the tension roller 13, and then the electrode sheet 7 is wound up in the form of the electrode sheet coil 15. Accordingly, the good-quality electrode sheet 7 can be produced as described above.
According to the configuration in the present embodiment described above in detail, the original electrode sheet 6 and the electrode sheet 7 are placed to be wound on one roll (e.g., the second roll 12) of the press roll pair 3 and further the rotational speeds of the rolls 11 and 12 are set different from each other such that the first roll 11 located on the outer side of the sheets 6 and 7 in a winding state is rotated at a higher speed than the second roll 12. This can effectively compress the unfinished electrode layers 20 to form the electrode sheet 7 including the electrode layers 21 with good quality. The above-described configuration can achieve the manufacturing method and the manufacturing apparatus 1 for an electrode sheet with the high density electrode layers 21 obtained even without exactly adapting the press roll pair 3 for high load.
The foregoing embodiments are mere examples and give no limitation to the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the essential characteristics thereof. For instance, in the foregoing embodiment, the motors, i.e., the first motor 17 and the second motor 18, are respectively provided for the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 to drive these rolls 11 and 12 separately. As an alternative, a single motor may be used in common to drive both the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 to generate a difference in rotational speed therebetween by a gear ratio of drive transmission gears.
In the foregoing embodiment, furthermore, the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 are designed with the same diameter but with different rotational speeds to make a difference in moving speed of cylindrical surface that is circumferential speed between the rolls 11 and 12. As an alternative, the rotational speeds of the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 may be set equal and instead the diameters of the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 may be set different to obtain the difference in moving speed of cylindrical surface. As another alternative, the first roll 11 and the second roll 12 may also be designed with different radius and rotated at different rotational speeds to make a difference in moving speed of cylindrical surface.
Use of the original sheet coil 10 in the original sheet feeding part 2 is not necessarily required. As an alternative, it may be configured to directly receive and feed the original electrode sheet 6 from a device for manufacturing the original electrode sheet 6 to pass through the press roll pair 3. Similarly, winding of the electrode sheet 7 by the electrode sheet receiving part 4 is not necessarily required. As an alternative, it may be configured to directly feed the electrode sheet 7 to a device for subjecting the electrode sheet 7 to a next process. Moreover, the electrode sheet to be manufactured may be incorporated in any types of batteries, such as a lithium ion battery, a nickel hydride battery, and a solid-state battery. The electrode sheet to be manufactured may also be applied to both a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018-052801 | Mar 2018 | JP | national |
