This application is related to the following applications, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference:
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/324,672, entitled “System and Method for Collecting, Reporting, and Analyzing Data on Application-Level Activity and Other User Information on a Mobile Data Network,” filed Nov. 26, 2008;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/324,675, entitled “Method and Apparatus for Real-Time Collection of Information about Application Level Activity and Other User Information on a Mobile Data Network,” filed Nov. 26, 2008;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/324,671, entitled “Method and Apparatus for Storing Data on Application-Level Activity and Other User Information to Enable Real-Time Multi-Dimensional Reporting about User of a Mobile Data Network,” filed Nov. 26, 2008;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/324,611, entitled “Method and Apparatus for Real-Time Multi-Dimensional Reporting and Analyzing of Data on Application Level Activity and Other User Information on a Mobile Data Network,” filed Nov. 26, 2008;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/412,273, entitled “System and Method for Sharing Anonymous User Profiles with a Third Party,” filed Mar. 26, 2009; and
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/412,276, entitled “System and Method for Creating Anonymous User Profiles from a Mobile Data Network,” filed Mar. 26, 2009.
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to privacy-safe actionable analytics on mobile data usage.
2. Description of the Related Art
Traditionally, mobile operators have had very tight control on the content that was being accessed on their networks and used to limit user access to a ‘walled garden’ or ‘on-deck content’. This was done for two reasons: to optimize their network for well-understood content, and to control user experience. With the advent of more open devices and faster networks, there is an increasing trend in the mobile community to access ‘off-deck’ or ‘off-portal’ content, which is content generally available on the Internet at large and not pre-selected content hosted by the operator. This movement is generally troubling to service providers for two reasons. First, service providers have very limited visibility in the usage of off-deck content and hence they don't have the ability to design and optimize their networks for this usage. Further, they also no longer have the ability to control what their users access and hence they fear becoming ‘dumb pipes’ and not participating in the whole movement towards advertising and monetizing Internet content.
Content providers on the other hand, are interested in the potentially huge increased customer base of mobile users. Further, the mobile device is highly personal and by getting specific information about users such as location, demographics, usage patterns, etc. they can generate very targeted content and advertising. However, they too lack detailed visibility about mobile users or about what is happening in the mobile network. While a client on the mobile handset could provide some of this, they can't put clients or other applications into mobile devices easily to get additional data since these devices are still fairly rudimentary in comparison with a PC. Also, due to the traditional lock-in on the devices from a mobile operator, the client on the device may not provide all the detailed information. For instance, user location is not easily exposed by carriers since they are concerned about privacy and its usage and also since its such a critical part of the carrier data. Recent developments such as the Android open platform from Google are attempts to open up some of this information. However, it is still up to the carriers to allow these devices on their networks and for device manufacturers to use this platform. Further, this restricts the ability of data collection only to the new devices that embrace this platform—a carriers network will continue to have many other devices as well.
A key requirement to enable these two silos—mobile carriers and content providers—to jointly evolve the mobile content ecosystem is to mine and share mobile content usage effectively. By getting visibility into off-deck mobile content usage, mobile operators can optimize their networks. Mobile carriers are sitting on a goldmine of data that includes user's location, access patterns, demographic information, etc. By systematically sharing information between mobile operators and content providers, it is possible to offer very targeted and relevant content to the users.
Mobile data usage is increasing, due to the availability of higher speed networks, more capable and advanced devices, and increasing trend towards operators offering flat-rate data plans. As a result, there is a growing momentum towards using rich media content on mobile devices. This opens up a huge possibility of advertising and personalization around this mobile content. However, this also causes an increased concern with privacy issues.
The present invention provides a system and method for capturing, analyzing, and accessing application-level activity and other user information on a mobile data network based on various privacy controls.
In one aspect of the invention, a platform non-intrusively and transparently monitors data activity on a mobile data network in real-time so that it can be reported to an operator. The platform comprises a plurality of collectors, a plurality of data managers, and a report manager. The collectors communicate with routers to receive data communications and inspect the communications for source IP addresses, which are then correlated to phone numbers. The collectors only retain the data allowed by a set of capture filter rules. The data managers receive the collected data and augment it with additional information associated with each phone number. A set of usage filter rules determines the communications and associated additional information that each data manager can use in real-time reports on aggregated usage of the network. The report manager works with the data manager to provide reports to an operator. A set of access filter rules specify the reports that the operator can view.
In another aspect of the invention, the usage filter rules specify the communications and associated additional information that can be aggregated in a data manager based on the applications that are used in that data manager.
In another aspect of the invention, the usage filter rules allow an end user to remove some of his own information before the data managers aggregate it. The end user may also choose to remove some of his own information from aggregation for only specific applications.
In another aspect of the invention, access filter rules specify who can see real-time reports based on whether the operator has individual rights or is part of a group with certain rights.
In another aspect of the invention, the granularity of the capture filter rules, usage filter rules, or access filter rules can be adjusted to filter more or less data.
For a more complete understanding of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
There are many broad applications that can be built around mobile usage analysis.
As described above, a large number of applications can be enabled from mobile usage information. The preferred embodiment of this invention describes a method and apparatus so that usage information can be extracted from the carrier network and used in these applications. Further, it is critical that privacy constraints be adhered to as this data is used. The preferred embodiment of this invention includes a Privacy Dial that allows full control on the capture, use, and access of this information in a privacy-save way.
The preferred embodiment of this invention comprises 3 key elements, each of which has a unique capability in the category. In addition, none of the prior art offers a solution that encompasses all these capabilities. These include: capture, analytics, and use of data.
Capture:
Existing data collection approaches within the carrier network typically are silo'ed and mostly built around ad-hoc integration of data sources. The approach described in the preferred embodiment of this invention offers a platform that allows integration of data from multiple sources (off-deck or on-deck, all applications, including web, video, apps, messaging, etc.), across all devices and users. Alternatively, some gateway providers (e.g. Openwave) log data and provide some usage information. However, this tends to be dependent on the gateway vendor and also affects performance since it tends to be in-line. Traditional network analysis vendors (e.g. Radcom) capture network performance data such as packets consumed, protocols, etc. but not at the application level. Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) vendors (e.g. Sandvine, Allot) tend to capture similar protocols level data. Client-side vendors often insert code to capture activity from handsets. This tends to be dependent on the penetration of clients.
Analytics:
Traditional analytics vendors assume raw data to be available and the approach is to build custom queries on this data (e.g. SAS). The approach described in the preferred embodiment of this invention allows key aggregations to be built on this data, depending on the type of application, in order to offer fast access to a large number of analytics applications.
Use:
The preferred embodiment of the invention includes an approach where the data can be used across a number of applications in a scalable way.
According to the preferred embodiment of this invention, a Method and Apparatus is described that allows collection, analytics, and use of mobile usage information in real-time for multiple applications, while providing privacy controls on the collection, use, and access to data.
Solution Architecture
As shown in
Collectors 210 ingest data, perform lossless reduction, and correlate transactions to generate enriched events. Multiple Collector types are available, each suited to a different data feed. Carriers may deploy any combination of Collector types that best meet their business needs, and may deploy additional Collectors based on network usage and topography.
Collectors 210 capture and process HTTP traffic, video (streaming, download), app stores (downloads, usage), and other data applications (e.g. ftp, voip, etc.). For HTTP traffic, Collectors 210 only process the HTTP Headers, not the message payload.
Data Managers 220 perform analytics on the data. Depending on the carrier's needs, Data Managers 220 support both centralized and distributed architectures. These Data Managers' analytics drive specific applications, such as marketing, network planning, security, as well as advertising.
Report Manager 230 is the end-user application that provides the user interface to access the reports generated by the different applications. Report Manager 230 provides a large set of reports. Each report can be viewed across multiple time granularities (hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly), and can be toggled across different metrics (Page Views, Data Consumed, Response time, and Unique Visitors). Through its innovative UI paradigm, each report can also be further drilled down across multiple attributes as will be described later.
Privacy Dial 240 in the preferred embodiment of the invention provides a single access control layer that manages privacy settings across all components of the system. Specifically it controls filter policies on Collectors 210, usage policies on Data Managers 220, and access policies on the Reports Manager 230.
Dimensions and Attributes
Each device is characterized by multiple attributes such as type (smartphone, PC, tablet, featurephone), model, manufacturer, etc. In addition, media capabilities and operating system and browser are also captured. The preferred embodiment can use a combination of International Mobile Element ID/Mobile Equipment Identifier (IMEI/MEID) and User Agents (UAs) to derive the most precise information. The preferred embodiment includes a database that has hundreds of devices that have been pre-categorized, and allows for efficiently updating the database as carriers continue to deploy innovative, new handsets.
In brief, the preferred embodiment performs 3 steps on the available usage data.
Capture Events:
User activity on the network creates raw transactions that are captured. For example, a user accessing cnn.com generates multiple network transactions, each fetching a piece (e.g. text, multimedia, advertisements, etc. . . . ) of the final page. The preferred embodiment correlates these discrete network-level transactions into a single event that retains the relevant data from the component transactions. Additionally, the application drops transaction details that are not relevant to the analysis. (e.g. Cascaded Stylesheets (CSS), image contents, etc. . . . ).
Enhance Event:
After fully defining the event 410, the application then enhances the event 410, using the categorizations stored in its database. For instance, destination content is enriched with the brand or category (e.g. destination foxsports.com is tagged as “sports” while a visit to facebook.com is tagged as “social networking”). App store events are characterized as downloads or usage. Ad events are characterized as being an impression or click and the network that delivered it. Location details are enriched by mapping network location IDs to actual location. Devices are mapped to types, and other attributes such as model, manufacturer, and media capabilities are mapped. The end result is enriched event 420.
Aggregation:
The preferred embodiment aggregates these enriched events 420 across different dimensions, creating insightful analytics and powerful user profiles. The end result is aggregated event 430.
As shown
At a high level, the preferred embodiment provides three classes of analytics solutions. These solutions fall into three main groups:
The three types of solutions based on the preferred embodiment are described in some detail next.
Carrier Analytics
The preferred embodiment can come with numerous high-level pre-defined reports, each of which can be viewed across multiple metrics and multiple time granularities. Each report can also be drilled down across multiple dimensions and attributes. As a result, the preferred embodiments can provide over 10,000 internal reports that are all available with a single click.
Reports can be viewed graphically 610 or in tables. Any report can be viewed across multiple time granularities 640, ranging from daily to yearly. If the carrier has deployed Network Collectors, then the application supports hourly and near real-time reports. Any report can also be viewed across different metrics 650, including pageviews, video views, messages, downloads, etc. Further, any report can be drilled down 630 into more details. For example, as shown in the figure, the first report may be around top brands. A specific selected brand may then be analyzed further 620 to look at say the URLs within that brand or device types, etc. This flexible drilldown provides the ability to run analytics on any report without having to build custom queries.
For example, consider a top level report around Top Destination Brands. Within this report, one can select CNN. Then, it is possible to Drill down by several attributes, such as:
In addition to these pre-defined reports, the preferred embodiment also allows programmatic creation of ad-hoc reports. Through a simple UI as shown in
The reports can be further grouped to reflect the needs of multiple stake holders, including security, marketing, and network planning
For instance, network planning groups will typically be more interested in the data consumed metric. Specific groups of reports around data usage, location, traffic by network type, etc. are made available to this group.
Marketing groups may use this data for aggregated reports on usage and behavior patterns. In addition, they may also develop specific reports by segment to create specific offers. For instance, they can identify a group of users that downloaded a specific app and then find out interests of this group. Then if the carrier wants to market a new product to the same group, they would know where to advertise that product to get maximum exposure. This is based on aggregated data. In the profile based solution, it is possible to get lists of specific users to create specific promotions.
Due to its ability to capture data in real-time via Network Collectors, the preferred embodiment also enables more real-time reports that address the needs of security groups, such as monitoring spikes to certain URLs or detecting anomalous usage from specific users.
Data Feed Solutions
The preferred embodiment allows carriers to provide processed feeds into third party measurement players with the right level or privacy. This allows a new data monetization revenue stream.
This can be done in two ways.
The preferred embodiment allows carriers to generate new revenue both by providing ad networks with targeting information and by enabling the carrier to better target its own up-sell/cross-sell efforts to the customers. And it enables all this in a “privacy-safe” framework that protects the user's personally identifiable details.
To understand the concept of the targeting solution, let's first understand how ad networks typically serve ads to mobile devices. As shown in
Note that while the example described real-time ad exchange, the same solution can also be used to drive internal promotions from the carrier.
The
When building a profile, the application generates enriched events, as described previously. These events are then aggregated at a user level to build cumulative activity and behaviors. While conceptually the same as the aggregations used for Carrier Analytics and Data Feeds, the specific aggregation logic is distinct. As shown in the figure, the aggregations 1210 are built at a user level.
Note that these profile elements are managed continuously and correlated on demand to determine the most appropriate profile. As shown in
Privacy Controls
When working with consumer data, privacy is one of the key issues governing how data is collected and used. Organizations, industry groups, and governments are all working to create policies to safeguard consumer data while acknowledging that information derived from this data will help drive businesses. Protecting personally identifiable information (PII) while still meeting business needs is a key point for any analytic system that uses consumer data. The Privacy Dial in the preferred embodiment ensures that useful information can be collected and analyzed without compromising the personal information of the consumers whose transactions generate the data.
Privacy controls can and should be implemented at many points in the process from collection to analysis. What, how, and who are the three dimensions of data control. The Privacy Dial in the preferred embodiment enables filters to control what data moves through the system, usage controls to affect how the data is analyzed, and lastly access controls to limit who can see the data. This three-pronged approach enables the preferred embodiment to meet the demands of the most stringent privacy policies while still providing useful information to data analysts.
The preferred embodiment is built from the ground up based on privacy controls. Specifically, Privacy Dial 1710 in the preferred embodiment shown in
The preferred embodiment includes Capture filters 1810 that allow a carrier to specify controls 1818 on what data is captured. These policies are enforced in the Collectors of the preferred embodiment. This is mainly to allow the carrier to have controls on data collection per their privacy policy. Note that these filters can be enforced in both log and probe mode of the preferred embodiment. Some example controls are described below. Note: This should not be construed as a complete list.
In addition to the Capture Filters, the preferred embodiment allows different Usage Controls to be imposed, depending on the application being run in the Data Manager. For instance, a carrier's network team may have access to all the data, while marketing may be restricted to a subset of reports. Further, external third party measurement vendors may receive only some data.
As shown in
Usage control policies also allow a carrier to manage opt-out controls.
Specifically, if a user has opted out of an application, it is important that this user's data is not used for that application. However, from a network design perspective, it would be important that this information is still available to the networking team.
Usage control policies in the preferred embodiment define how data is used within applications. Specifically, once data is collected, different applications in various Data Managers may aggregate it in different ways.
The enriched feeds go into three data managers: networking, marketing, and measurement.
In one embodiment, the networking reports 2010 account for all users. So for instance, total data consumed shows data for all users. Similarly, all locations are monitored—only user 1 goes to location 3, which is captured. Page Views (PVs) and Unique Visitors (UVs) account for all users. As far as URLs go, all user activity is monitored. This allows the carrier network planning team to know, for instance, full usage patterns to plan caching architectures.
In one embodiment, the marketing reports 2020 allow a user's total use to be captured, but not the destination. Usage by data plan type, device, location, etc can account for all users. However, when it comes to URLs, only those users that have not opted out are accounted for. As shown in the figure, URL1 is shown with only 3 PVs and 2 UVs, whereas there were a total of 5PVs and 3 UVs across all users.
Depending on the requirement, other options are also possible. For instance, in one embodiment, measurement reports may ask to delete all data related to user 1. So, for instance, the report would show only 2 UVs while the location3 might show no data since user 1 is not measured.
These settings are managed through the Privacy UI controls described earlier. It is expected that the business user selects the high-level control asking for opt-out users to be excluded. This information is then mapped into a specific data manager defining the aggregations that need to be excluded with opted out users. Once specified, the information is disseminated to all Data Managers.
If the carrier maintains a data base of opted out users, this list is expected to be made available to the preferred embodiment's platform for enforcement.
Finally, within the carrier analytics usage, a full set of role based access controls define the reports that are made available to users within organizations. Specifically, the Report Manager supports access groups to subset the report functionality. In one embodiment, all users would be granted access to a baseline set of reports and, optionally, to a set of reports specific to their responsibilities. To this end, users would be associated with an access group and all users in that access group would have access to the same reports.
Definition and maintenance of access groups and reports within each group is done by the Carrier, through an easy to use interface.
Once data is brought into the system, usage control is enforced by the Usage Rules 1820. For instance, the Carrier Analytics Data Manager in one embodiment may only receive Aggregated Data and the relevant rules are applied when aggregating data. Similarly, Measurement Data Manager in another embodiment may only process data based on its rules. For instance, Location aggregation by cell-sector may be allowed for the Carrier Analytics solution, while aggregation only by Designated Market Area (DMA) may be allowed for the Measurement solution. Similarly, User profiles analytics can be controlled by its own policies. For instance, search strings may not be aggregated for this application, while they may be ok for carrier analytics. The system is designed to be flexible where key parameters are grouped into user-friendly categories. The privacy dial in the preferred embodiment can be controlled and audited by any non-technical resources in the carrier organization.
Finally, the Access rules 1830 define how different users within the carrier organization get access to reports from the Report Manager.
Carriers may deploy multiple Collector types (Network, Log (supports DPI), SMS, and Agent) in any combination to meet their business needs, and may deploy these either adjacent to their data sources, or in a centralized location.
Additionally, Carriers may deploy Data Managers only centrally via a Central Data Manager (CDM), or also with Local Data Managers (LDMs) deployed at/near the Collectors.
Note also that aggregation can be primarily thought of at two different levels—user level and aggregate level. User level aggregation still reduces events, but maintains a profile with several variables at each user level. Aggregate level is used to refer to aggregation by content, location, and other such dimensions across all users. The following descriptions describe these two types of aggregations to highlight the different processing involved.
Based on these different combinations, the preferred embodiment can use at least three different architectures.
Option 2: With Third Party DPI, with Local Data Managers and a Central Data Manager
This is an alternative solution that allows carriers to use their existing DPI vendor, while getting the benefits of the preferred embodiment's aggregation and analytics capabilities. The difference from Option 1 is that the collection is done by a third party system. As shown in the
Option 3: Log Collectors with Centralized Data Management
This mode allows a carrier to work with a different vendor for Data collection, while the preferred embodiment can provide the analytics and privacy control capabilities. As shown in the
In the preferred embodiment, all the elements will reside within the service provider network. Specifically, the servers for the Collectors, Data Managers, and Reports Manager may be deployed in an operator datacenter. Collectors will typically be physically co-located with GGSN or PDSN/HA servers. The Data Manager and Reports Manager may be deployed in a central data center. Other deployment architectures are possible where the Data Manager and Reports Manager may be externally deployed outside the operator network or hosted by a third party data center. Other implementations are also possible.
While the above describes a particular order of operations performed by a given embodiment of the invention, it should be understood that such order is exemplary, as alternative embodiments may perform the operations in a different order, combine certain operations, overlap certain operations, or the like. References in the specification to a given embodiment indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic.
While the present invention has been described in the context of a method or process, the present invention also relates to apparatus for performing the operations herein. This apparatus may be specially constructed for the required purposes, or it may comprise a general-purpose computer selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program stored in the computer. Such a computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium including, without limitation, any type of disk including optical disks, CD-ROMs, and magnetic-optical disks, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic or optical cards, or any type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions.
It will be apparent that the Collectors, Data managers, and Report manager can be used as a computer system. Referring to
While given components of the system have been described separately, one of ordinary skill also will appreciate that some of the functions may be combined or shared in given instructions, program sequences, code portions, and the like.
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/370,583, filed on Aug. 4, 2010 entitled “Method and Apparatus for Privacy-Safe Actionable Analytics on Mobile Data Usage,” the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
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