Patent Grant
RE43993
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a copy prevention method and apparatus of a digital magnetic recording/reproducing system, and more particularly to a copy prevention method and apparatus of a digital magnetic recording/reproducing system, wherein a marker involving copy prevention function information and executing the function is coded and inserted to perform the copy prevention function and realize the copy prevention function of various patterns desired by a program supplierincludes control data for descrambling digital data.
2. Description of the Prior Art
One example of a conventional copy prevention method is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,819,098, in which a signal inducing an interference to an automatic gain controller (AGC) circuit within a VCR is inserted to a video waveform to be recorded on a tape. When the tape is reproduced to display the signal on a television, the interference signal does not affect the AGC circuit of the television to allow, allowing for a normal display.
However, when the reproduced signal is recorded by another VCR, i.e., when it is duplicated, the interference signal brings about the interference in the AGC circuit of the recording VCR to record incausing an inaccurate signal level to be recorded. Accordingly, the nodal display cannot be attained when reproducing a duplicated tape.
As another example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,571,642 utilizes a control track employed during performing the reproduction for synchronizing a servo circuit within a VCR, therebyfor embodying the copy prevention function. The basic concept of this patent is for altering a video signal to force the control track to be inaccurately recorded when the video signal is duplicated onto another tape.
Still another example is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,577,216, in which a phase noise or the like is inserted toin a chroma burst portion of a video signal to thereby embody the copy prevention function.
The above-mentioned methods are for usinguse a difference ofbetween the sensitivity betweenof circuits ofin a television and of a VCR. Thus, the copy prepared to prevent the copy thereof as above may not exert the copy prevention function in a certain VCR, but may not execute a normal display on a certain television.
The above copy prevention methods are of an analog system, which are available for preventing the copy of an NTSC-class video signal to an analog VCR. However, in case of a high-definition image of the analog television (ATV), the copy is performed by means of a digital VCR rather than an analog VCR, so that it is difficult to employ the copy prevention method of the analog system.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a copy prevention method and apparatus of a digital magnetic recording/reproducing system applicable to a digital VCR and incorporated with various copy prevention functions to enable the selection of a copy prevention function desired by a program supplier.
To achieve the above object of the present invention, there is provided a copy prevention method of a digital magnetic recording/reproducing system, which is performed by an audio and video signal transmitting process and an audio and video signal receiving/recording process. The audio and video signal transmitted process is carried out in the sequence of encrypting a marker formed by a control word for scrambling audio and video bit strips and copy prevention information for preventing an illegal copy by means of an encoding key, and multiplexing the marker with the audio and video bit strips scrambled by the control word. Then, the audio and video signal receiving/recording process is performed in the sequence of detecting the marker from the transmitted bit strips, decrypting and analyzing the detected marker by means of an encoded key to determine whether copy is permitted or not, updating the detected marker to be recorded on a video tape, and generating the control word from the marker to perform a descrambling and supply the audio and video signals to be displayed on a monitor.
Also, a copy prevention apparatus of a digital magnetic recording/reproducing system includes a marker detecting and inserting part for detecting a marker from input bit strips, and inserting the updated marker to the bit strips to output the result. A marker analyzing and processing part decrypts and analyzes the encrypted marker from the marker detecting and inserting part by means of an encoded key, outputs a control word for descrambling the bit strips, and updates and encrypting the decrypted marker by means of the encoded key to output the result. In addition, a buffer part buffers the control word and updated and encrypted marker from the marker analyzing and processing section, and inserts the updated and encrypted marker in the marker detecting and inserting part, and a descrambler descrambles the bit strips provided via the marker detecting and inserting part by means of the control word from the buffer part.
The above objects and other advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail preferred embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings in which:
A copy prevention method and apparatus of a digital magnetic recording/reproducing system according to the present invention emphasizes a fact that a DVCR can record all diverse signals on a video tape, so that a variety of input signals are largely classified into two, and differentuse a copy prevention methods are performed for eachmethod based on the type of input signal.
First, signals transmitted from a terrestrial broadcasting system, a satellite broadcasting system and a pay television broadcasting system are classified as a broadcasting signalsignals, and the following three copy prevention functions are applicable when recording thea broadcasting signal.
ThreeThe three copy prevention functions are a no recording onto a video tapepermitted, a free record/copy onto the tape, and a single generational recording onto the tape with no copy of the recorded tape.
Here, the third copy prevention function of the single generational recording onto the video tape with no duplication of the recorded tape is for enabling the signal from a television receiver to record on the tapebe recorded once but inhibiting the re-recording of the signal by means of another, for example, a DVCR is prohibited while the firstly-recorded tapesignal can be reproduced to watch through a monitor.
A second classification is for, for example, a rental tape to be identified by a pretaped signal. Here, the copy prevention function of the pretaped signal is similar to the above no recording onto the tape and the free record/copy onto the tapecopy protection function, whichand has the following three copy protection functions.
The three functions are no copy onto another tape, free copy to another tape and a single generational copy to another tape.
The single generational copy function to the other tape is of the copy prevention function for allowing aallows duplication from the original rental tape, but inhibitinginhibits another copy from the duplication, which is utilized in a digital audio tape (DAT)duplicate.
The present invention is advantageous in that a program supplier selects the above functions when providing a program. For this purpose, the program supplier inserts desired copy prevention function information, i.e., a marker, into a predetermined field within the program.
The marker inserted to transport data by the program supplier prior to being transmitted is encoded, and, in order to impede an illegal copy, an encoding key for interpreting the marker is transferred via a separate transmission line such as telephone line by a prescribed period interval, e.g., once a month, to be stored within a copy prevention apparatus.
In a system having an ATV decoder incorporated in a body with, for example, the DVCR in a body, a copy prevention apparatus for embodying the copy prevention functions executes a digital copy prevention function during an interface process between the ATV decoder and the DVCR, and. The copy prevention apparatus decodes and determines the marker of a received program by means of a received encodedencoding key to perform another function in accordance with respective copy prevention functions.
The copy prevention method of the digital magnetic recording/reproducing system according to the present invention is performed through an audio and video signal transmitting process as shown in
The audio and video signal transmitting process is for encrypting the marker formed by a control word for scrambling audio and video bit strips and copy prevention (hereinafter simply referred to as “CP”) information for preventing an illegal duplication by means of an encoded key to multiplex and transmit the audio and video bit strips scrambled by the control word. Here, the marker is already formed by a program producer to be multiplexed and transmitted together with the audio and video bit strips.
In more detail, as shown in
The audio and video signal receiving and recording process is performed in such a manner that the marker is detected from the transmitted bit strips and is decrypted by means of the encodedencoding key and analyzed. Thus, it is determined whether the copy is permitted or not to update the detected marker to be recorded on a video tape, the detected marker is updated accordingly, and the control word is produced from the marker to carry out the descrambling and display the signals on a monitor, in which. As a result, the audio and video signals transmitted from the program producer axe recorded or displayed in accordance with the marker.
More specifically, as shown in
The above-stated process will be described in detail below.
To begin with, the program producer encodes the audio and video bit strips 1, generates the control word for scrambling 2, and scrambles the encoded audio and video bit strips by means of the generated control word 6.
Also, the CP information for preventing the illegal copy is generated 3, and the marker is generated by using the generated control word and CP information 4, and the coded key is utilized to perform the encryption 5.
Finally, the scrambled audio and video bit strips and encrypted marker ore multiplexed 7 to be transmitted for the program recording or reproduction.
The transmitted bit strips are demultiplexed to detect the marker 11, and the encoded. The encoding key is utilized to perform the decryption and the decrypted marker is output 12. The detected and decrypted marker is analyzed to determine whether the copy is permitted or not and the control word is detected 13.
The detected control word is used for descrambling and decoding the transmitted audio and video bit strips to provide the audio and video signals to the monitor to be displayedfor display 14 and 15.
In addition, when it is determined that thea copy is permitted after analyzing the marker, the detected marker is updated to be encrypted, re-encrypted by means of the encodedencoding key, and the result is inserted to the audio and video bit strips to be recorded 16, 17 and 18.
Here, a position of inserting the marker will be observed with reference to
The transmitted bit strips consistsconsist of transport packets of a fixed length, i.e., 188 bytes, in which a transport header is displaced on the preceding stage of the bit strips. The transport header is divided into a field of a fixed length of 4 bytes and an adaptation field of a variable length. Then, a transport-private-data field exists as one field within the adaption field. The transport-private-data field consists of an ID field and the encrypted marker. The ID field functions as aan identifier for informing that the transport-private-data field is a field utilized for the copy prevention method according to the present invention, and the encrypted marker following the ID field embodies the copy prevention function of the present invention.
When the marker is decrypted by means of the encodedencoding key, the decrypted marker is divided into a CP information area recorded withincluding the CP information for preventing the illegal copy, a control word area recorded withincluding the control word CW for descrambling, and a reserved area.
That is, the decrypted marker is formed of 8 bytes consisting of the CP information area of one byte, the reserved area of three bytes and control word area of four bytes.
At this time, the CP information is formatted by including a generational copy control field which restricts the number of permitting the copypermitted copies of the program, which. The generational copy control field is formed of an allowable generational field for limiting the copy number of the program and a current generational field representing a current generation of the duplicated program.
Next, the marker analyzing step 13 of the audio and video receiving and recording process will be described in detail.
The marker analyzing step 13 is carried out by the CP information detecting step of detecting the CP information for preventing the illegal copy from the detected marker, a copy number limiting step of comparing the allowable generation of the allowable generational field for restricting the number of permitting the copy of the program and the current generation of the current generational field representing the current generation of the duplicated program within the detected CP information to determine whether the copy is permitted or not, and the control word detecting step of detecting the control word from the detected marker for executing the descrambling.
In other words, the CP information for preventing thean illegal copy is detected from the detected marker, and the allowable generation of the allowable generational field for limiting the copy number of the program is compared with the current generation of the current generational field representing the current generation of the duplicated program within the detected CP information to determine whether the copy is permitted or not, so that the program is recorded in case of permitting the copy, otherwise the. Otherwise, reproduction cannot be executed in case of inhibiting the copy, even though the recording is attained.
Next, the control word for descrambling is detected from the detected marker.
Here, the step of limiting the copy number is carried out by comparing the allowable generation of the allowable generational field with the current generation of the current generational field to determine whether the allowable generation is the current generation, inhibiting the copy when it is determined that the allowable generation is below the current generation, and permitting the copy when it is determined that the allowable generation is not below the current generation to proceed to the marker insertion step.
The copy number limiting step will be described below.
When the allowable generation is below the current generation after comparing the allowable generation of the allowable generational field preset by the program producer with the current generation of the current generational field representing the current copy number, the copy number exceeds the copy number preset by the program producer. Thus, the copy cannot be furthercopying cannot be permitted.
At this time, in order to inhibit the copy, the control word is destructed or is not output to block the, which blocks reproduction after performingof the copy. This is because the audio and video bit strips are recorded under the state of being scrambled, the scrambled audio and video bit strips cannot be descrambled without the control word.
Therefore, by destructing the control word, the reproduction and display cannot be achieved even though the audio and video bit strips are recorded to; thereby havehaving the same effect ofas impeding the recording of them.
At this time, since the control word is periodically changed in theof an interval of 0.6 second, the reproduction is impeded by destructing the succeeding control word even after accomplishing the recording.
Also, a control track within the video tape may be destructed to inhibit the copy when the recording medium is a video tape.
On the other hand, the marker is positioned on the private data field within the bit strips whenever the control word is changed.
Here, since the control word is periodically changed, the marker including the control word is received whenever the control word is changed to be supplied.
Meantime, the marker inserting step is performed by updating the marker when the copy is permitted after analyzing the marker 16, encrypting the updated marker by means of the encoded key 17, and replacing the encrypted marker with the following marker to be inserted 18.
In other words, if the copy is permitted after analyzing the marker, the current generation of the current generational field is augmented by one to update the marker 16. That is, the CP information including the updated current generational field obtained by augmenting the current generation by one is summed with the control word to be the updated marker.
The updated marker is encrypted by means of the encoded key to be replaced withencoding key and is inserted to replace the succeeding marker and inserted17. More specifically, as the marker is supplied whenever the control word is changed, it is inserted whenever the control word is changed.
In other wordwords, as shown in
Meanwhile, the encodedencoding key for encrypting and decrypting the marker is transmitted via a separate transmission line in a predetermined time interval and is stored to be utilized, thereby perfectly preventing the illegal copy.
That is, the marker encrypted by the encodedencoding key is transmitted and recorded together with the bit strips. Here, the control word for descrambling the scrambled audio and video bit strips is included in the marker, so that the marker should be primarily decrypted to obtain the control word. However, since the encodedencoding key for decrypting the marker is periodically changed, it is impossible to decrypt the marker without the encodedencoding key. Accordingly, it is further difficult to illegally obtain the control word.
As shown in
Marker detecting/inserting section 21 detects the marker from the received bit strips, and inserts to outputthe updated marker, i.e., the updated and encrypted marker, from buffer section 23 to the bit strips.
Marker analyzing/processing section 22 utilizes the encoded keyencoding keys to decrypt and analyze the encrypted marker from marker detecting/inserting section 21, thereby providing the control word CW for descrambling the bit strips. Then, the decrypted marker is updated and encrypted by the encodedencoding key to befor output.
Buffer section 23 buffers control word CW and the updated and encrypted marker IEM from marker analyzing/processing section 22, so that the updated and encrypted marker IEM is supplied to be inserted in marker detecting/inserting section 21.
Descrambler 24 descrambles the bit strips output via marker detecting/inserting section 21 by means of the control word CW from buffer section 23 to supply the result to the monitor to be displayed or to, for example, a DVCR to record the bit strips inserted with the marker.
Here, the encodedencoding key is transmitted via the separate transmission line inat a predetermined time interval and is stored as the copy prevention method of the digital magnetic recording/reproducing system according to the present invention to double a copyright protection effect.
Referring to
In the copy prevention apparatus of the digital magnetic recording/reproducing system, the marker is placed on the transport-private-data field within the bit strips, and the CP information area recorded with the CP information for preventing the illegal copy and the control word area recorded with the control word CW for descrambling are included thereto as shown in
Here, the CP information is formatted by including the generational copy control field for restricting the number of permitted copies of the program, which is formed of the allowable generational field for limiting the copy number of the program and the current generational field representing the current generation of the duplicated program.
The marker is formed of 8 bytes consisting of the CP information area of one byte and control word area of four bytes.
Hereinbelow, an operation of the copy prevention apparatus of the digital magnetic recording/reproducing system according to the present invention will be briefly described with reference to
First, a process of displaying the input bit strips on the monitor will be described.
The input bit strips are supplied to marker analyzing/processing section 22 under the state that the marker is detected and encrypted in marker detecting/inserting section 21.
Encrypted marker EM is decrypted by means of the encodedencoding key to be analyzed in marker analyzing/processing section 22. At this time, the control word is detected from the analyzed marker to be buffered via buffer section 23 for descrambling the bit strips and is supplied to descrambler 24.
The bit strips, after detectingthe detection of the marker in marker detecting/inserting section 21, are descrambled in descrambler 24 in accordance with the control word from buffer section 23, and provided to the monitor to be displayedfor display.
Next, a process of recording the input bit strips via, for example, the DVCR will be described.
The process of detecting and analyzing the marker from the input bit strips is executed in the same manner.
That is, the input bit strips isare supplied to marker analyzing/processing section 22 under the state that the marker is detected and encrypteddecrypted in marker detecting/inserting section 21.
Encrypted marker EM is decrypted by means of the encodedencoding key in marker analyzing/processing section 22 to detect the control word. At this time, the recording can be performed or not in accordance with the result of the analysis. If the recording is not permitted, the detected control word is destructed to impede the reproduction even though the recording can be attained. Otherwise, the current generation of the current generational field within the marker is augmented by one to update the marker, so that the encodedencoding key is utilized to encrypt the marker to supply, and the result is supplied to buffer section 23.
The updated and encrypted marker is buffered in buffer section 23 and is supplied to marker detecting/inserting section 21 to be inserted to the input bit strips.
Meantime, the control word is periodically changed in the interval of 0.6 second, and the marker is placed on the transport-private-data field within the bit strips whenever the control word is changed.
Consequently, the updated and encrypted marker is replaced withreplaces the succeeding marker to be inserted.
The bit strips inserted with the updated and encrypted marker pass through descrambler 24 intact and are output to be recorded in the DVCR.
The detailed construction and operation of the copy prevention apparatus in the digital magnetic recording/reproducing system formed as above will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Marker detecting/inserting section 21 includes a marker detector 31 which detects the encrypted marker from the input bit strips and supplies the detected marker to marker analyzing/processing section 22 and a marker detection flag signal for informing of the position of the encrypted marker within the bit strips to descrambler 24to be. The flag is used as a reference signal offor initializing descrambler 24 while outputting the bit strips. In addition to marker detector 31, a marker inserter 32 inserts the updated and encrypted marker from buffer section 23tointo the bit strips from marker detector 31 in accordance with the marker detection flag signal from marker detector 31to output the. The result is output to descrambler 24.
Marker analyzing/processing section 22 has a marker decoder 34 for decrypting the encrypted marker from marker detector 31 of marker detecting/inserting section 21 by means of the encodedencoding key, and a marker analyzer 34for analyzinganalyzes the CP information within the marker from marker decoder 34 to output the control word to buffer section 23 when the copy is permitted while outputting a control signal for updating the marker. Additionally, a marker updating/encoding unit 35 updates the marker from marker decoder 34 in accordance with the control signal from marker analyzer 34 to encrypt the marker by means of the encodedencoding key to output the result to buffer section 23.
Here, marker analyzing/processing section 22 further includes an encoding key storage unit (not shown) for storing the encodedencoding key and to output the resultencoding key to marker decoder 33 and marker updating/encoding unit 35.
BesidesAlso, marker analyzer 34 compares the allowable generation of the allowable generational field for restricting the number of permitting the copy of the program with the current generation of the current generational field representing the current generation of the duplicated program to determine whether thea copy is permitted or not.
Buffer section 23 includes a marker buffer 36 for temporally storing the updated and encrypted marker from marker analyzing/processing section 22 to supply it to marker detecting/inserting section 21, and a control word buffer 37 for temporally storing the control word from marker analyzing/processing section 22 to supply it to descrambler 24.
An operation of the copy prevention apparatus of the digital magnetic recording system according to the present invention constructed as above will be described with reference to
Encrypted marker EM(i) is included in the transmitted bit strips.
The transmitted bit strips including encrypted marker EM(i) isare formed as shown in
Encrypted marker EM(i) is decrypted by the encoding key in marker decoder 33to beand is supplied as decrypted marker M(i).
Decrypted marker M(i) is analyzed in marker analyzer 34 to determine whether the copy is permitted or not. In other words, marker analyzer 34 compares the CP information within decrypted marker M(i), i.e., the allowable generational field with the current generational field, and determines to permit the copy when the allowable generational field is not below the current generational field.
When the copy is permitted as above, marker analyzer 34 slightly delays control word CW(i), which is a part of decrypted marker M(i), to be supplied to control word buffer 37, as shown in
That is, marker decoder 33formforms decrypted marker M(i) from encrypted marker EM(i) after delaying aa delay time required for the decode, and the marker analyzer 34 generates control word CW(i) from decrypted marker M(i) in marker analyzer 34.
At this time, control word CW(i) is transmitted to control word buffer 37 to be stored until it is utilized in descrambler 24.
Decrypted marker M(i) from marker decoder 33 is updated in accordance with the control signal from marker analyzer 34 in marker updating/encoding unit 35.
That is, the updated data is the data recorded on the current generational field within the marker, which is obtained by adding one to the previously recorded current generation.
The marker updated as described above is encrypted, i.e., encoded, in accordance with the encodedencoding key to be supplied to marker buffer 36 as shown in
Here, the point of generating updated and encrypted marker IEM(i) and control word CW(i) from marker updating/encoding unit 35 and marker analyzer 34 does not coincide with a point of utilizing updated and encrypted marker IEM(i) and control word CW(i) in marker inserter 32 and descrambler 24, i.e., the points of performing the replaceable insertion and initialization of descrambler 24 do not coincide with each other. Thus, updated and encrypted marker IEM(i) and control word CW(i) from marker updating/encoding unit 35 and marker analyzer 34 are temporally stored in marker buffer 36 and control word buffer 37 for that time.
As shown in
In more detail, marker inserter 32 receives the bit strips having encrypted marker EM(i) and marker detection flag signal m-det-flag from marker detector 31, and receives updated and encrypted marker IEM(i) which will be replaceably inserted tointo the position of encrypted marker EM(i) from marker buffer 36, so that updated and encrypted marker IEM(i) is replacably inserted to the position of marker detection flag signal m-det-flag in the transmitted bit strips including encrypted marker-EM(i) as shown in
In other words, marker inserter 32 inserts updated and encrypted marker IEM(i) from marker buffer 37 replacing encrypted marker EM(i+1) at the position of producing marker detection flag signal m-det-flag.
Here, the replacably inserted marker IEM(i) is formed from the immediately detected preceding encrypted marker. Accordingly, as shown in
As shown in
At this time, descrambler 24 uses marker detection flag signal m-det-flag from marker detector 31 as the reference signal for initializing based on control word CW(i−1) from control word buffer 37.
More specifically, descrambler 24 must be initialized by control word CW(i−N) from control word buffer 37 during a period from the point of generating encrypted marker EM(i), i.e., from a position of detecting marker detecting flag signal m-det-flag to the point before starting payload of a transport packet, where N is a natural number greater than zero. Here, control word CW(i−N) is a control word formed from encrypted marker EM(i−N) transmitted before encrypted marker EM(i) as many as N times. The natural number ‘N’ allows for arbitrarily controlling the initializing point of descrambler 24.
In the copy prevention method and apparatus of the digital magnetic recording/reproducing system according to the present invention as described above, a program supplier can select the copy prevention function, and the field defined within a GA format is utilized. As the result, a separate format transformation apparatus for the copy prevention function is not required, and there is no increase in data amount to be recorded to perform the copy prevention function without converting, for example, the general digital VCR.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to particular embodiment thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be effected therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33336/1994 | Dec 1994 | KR | national |
This reissue application is a Continuation Application of Reissue application Ser. No. 09/592,148 (now abandoned) filed Jun. 12, 2000, which is a Continuation of Reissue application Ser. No. 09/094,575 (now U.S. Pat. No. Re. 37,052), which is a Reissue of U.S. Pat. No. 5,689,559, issued on Nov. 18, 1997 (U.S. application Ser. No. 08/566,000), all these applications are incorporated by reference. The present application also claims priority of Application No. 33336/1994 filed in Republic of Korea on Dec. 8, 1994 under 35 U.S.C. §119. Note: More than one reissue application has been filed for the reissue of U.S. Pat. No. 5,689,559. The reissue applications are Ser. No. 09/097,162 (Now U.S. Pat. No. Re. 36,919) filed Jun. 12, 1998, Ser. No. 09/094,575 (now U.S. Pat. No. Re. 37,052) filed Jun. 12, 1998, and Ser. No. 09/592,148 (now abandoned) filed Jun. 12, 2000; as well as Ser. No. 11/826,679 (now abandoned) filed Jul. 17, 2007, Ser. No. 11/826,680 filed Jul. 17, 2007, Ser. No. 11/826,681 (now abandoned) filed Jul. 17, 2007, Ser. No. 11/826,682 (present application) filed Jul. 17, 2007, Ser. No. 11/902,930 (now abandoned) filed Sep. 26, 2007, Ser. No. 12/179,432 (now abandoned) filed Jul. 24, 2008, Ser. No. 12/179,443 (now abandoned) filed Jul. 24, 2008, Ser. No. 12/179,453 (now abandoned) filed Jul. 24, 2008, Ser. No. 12/184,152 (now abandoned) filed July 31, 2008, and Ser. No. 12/621,430 (now abandoned) filed Nov. 18, 2009, all of which are continuations of Ser. No. 09/592,148; and Ser. No. 12/318,742 filed Jan. 7, 2009, Ser. No. 12/318,743 (now abandoned) filed Jan. 7, 2009, Ser. No. 12/318,744 (now abandoned) filed Jan. 7, 2009, Ser. No. 12/318,745 filed Jan. 7, 2009, and Ser. No. 12/318,746 filed Jan. 7, 2009, all of which are divisionals of Ser. No. 09/592,148; and Ser. No. 12/641,258 (now abandoned) filed Dec. 17, 2009, Ser. No. 12/641,273 (now abandoned) filed Dec. 17, 2009, and Ser. No. 12/641,266 (now abandoned) filed Dec. 17, 2009, all of which are continuations of Ser. No. 11/826,681, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 09/592,148.
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| 1085723 | Apr 1994 | CN |
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| 0498617 | Aug 1992 | EP |
| 0519320 | Dec 1992 | EP |
| 0580367 | Jan 1994 | EP |
| 0581227 | Feb 1994 | EP |
| 0589459 | Mar 1994 | EP |
| 6-70282 | Mar 1994 | JP |
| 6-162690 | Jun 1994 | JP |
| 6-199288 | Jul 1994 | JP |
| 6-339110 | Dec 1994 | JP |
| Entry |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| Parent | 09592148 | Jun 2000 | US |
| Child | 08566000 | US | |
| Parent | 09094575 | Jun 1998 | US |
| Child | 09592148 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
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| Parent | 08566000 | Dec 1995 | US |
| Child | 11826682 | US |
