Method and apparatus for securing stretchable film using vacuum

Abstract

A vacuum wheel for securing and retaining various sizes of stretchable film is disclosed. The outer surface of the vacuum wheel includes an advantageous pattern of vacuum openings and vacuum slots, wherein the vacuum slots provide vacuum communication between at least two of the vacuum openings. A preferred embodiment provides a chevron or zig-zag shaped pattern of vacuum openings and vacuum slots configured to provide improved vacuum holding strength.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to the art of vacuum wheels and more particularly to a vacuum wheel vacuum opening configuration that has improved vacuum holding power to hold articles in place.

A vacuum wheel in the form of a rotary member having vacuum holes opening onto a cylindrical outer surface for the support and retention of stretchable film is typically a component of an apparatus that is known for various applications. A common example where an apparatus including a vacuum wheel would be used includes the construction of apparel that is worn on the body such as disposable diapers. In this application, an elastic waistband is stretched before being inserted into the waistband region. An example of such an apparatus is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,925,520, commonly owned by the assignee hereof.

It is a common problem in such devices to experience insufficient vacuum holding strength for the materials to be held in place in relation to the shear forces applied to the materials. Another problem, where vacuum slots are used to improve the vacuum holding strength, is the loss of vacuum pressure along an edge of the vacuum slot. The vacuum holding force is a function of the area under the vacuum and the edges of the vacuum openings and slots against which the forces are applied. Simple round holes must be kept small in diameter to prevent the film from being sucked deep into the vacuum openings. The small area limits the holding force, and the small size limits the working edge length.

Various approaches have been taken for retaining flexible materials on a vacuum wheel. One approach has been to increase the number of vacuum openings on the available surface of the vacuum wheel. This can cause the size of the vacuum wheel to exceed possible size requirements for use in an apparatus. Another approach has been to include mechanical gripping means to engage the ends of the film to be stretched, such as pins or other rough surface features, in addition to the vacuum or drawing force on the article to be stretched. Although this approach improves the gripping of the article to the vacuum wheel, it does not allow the article to slip over the vacuum wheel when the shear force applied to the article exceeds the vacuum holding strength.

Because of the foregoing deficiencies in the art, an object of the present invention is to provide a compact vacuum wheel configuration that solves these problems by making the available vacuum wheel surface area more effective by improving its vacuum holding strength.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In general terms, this new apparatus comprises a vacuum wheel with a vacuum opening configuration that provides improved holding strength. This is an improved apparatus for holding elastic film on a surface using vacuum. Specifically, one aspect of the improvement lies in the configuration of the vacuum opening pattern and the matter in which it “bites” into the film.

It has been found that the film-holding strength of a vacuum is strongly related to the shape and direction of the vacuum pattern. Designing the pattern to give a favorable orientation relative to the force applied can optimize the holding strength.

Slots are often used as methods of increasing edge length along a vacuum pattern, but they are subject to having their seal with the film broken completely if they leak at any point along their edge. Orienting the slots favorably relative to the lines of force can improve the holding power.

The subject invention is an expansion on the slot approach, but uses a multi-chevron or zig-zag pattern to improve the holding power. The chevron, or “W” pattern, provides increased holding area and increased edge length, but importantly, it provides for holding the film along several inside and outside corners, which tend to tighten, rather than loosen their grip when subject to high shear forces.

The invention provides a vacuum wheel with improved vacuum holding strength.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vacuum wheel that embodies the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side elevation view, with a partial section, of the vacuum wheel shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 a is a perspective view of a chevron vacuum opening pattern embodied in the vacuum wheel shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 b is a perspective view of an alternative vacuum opening pattern embodied in the vacuum wheel shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary cross section view taken along line 4-4 of the vacuum wheel in FIG. 1 showing a direction of shear force applied to a segment of film and the resulting vacuum forces on the segment of film.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are a side elevation views, with portions cut away, of the vacuum wheel shown in FIG. 3A.

FIG. 6 is a side elevation view of an alternative vacuum wheel with additional vacuum ports and protuberances.

FIG. 7 is a side elevation view of an alternative vacuum wheel-with additional vacuum ports and protuberances.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a vacuum wheel incorporating inserts.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Although the disclosure hereof is detailed and exact to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, the physical embodiments herein disclosed merely exemplify the invention which may be embodied in other specific structure. While the preferred embodiment has been described, the details may be changed without departing from the invention, which is defined by the claims.

Referring to the drawings, wherein like numerals represent like parts throughout the views, there is generally designated at 20 a vacuum wheel for securing stretchable film according to the present invention. As seen particularly in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vacuum wheel 20 preferably includes a generally cylindrical outer surface 22, a cylindrical inner surface 24, a first side 26, and a second side 28.

The cylindrical outer surface 22 includes a plurality of vacuum openings 40 spaced apart from each other through which vacuum is drawn. The vacuum openings 40 are preferably in vacuum contact with each other by way of vacuum slots 42, which are slots or grooves within the outer peripheral surface 22 of the vacuum wheel 20. These vacuum slots 42 may be milled or formed, and preferably provide vacuum contact between at least two vacuum openings 40. The vacuum slots 42 are adapted to have a first edge 44 and a second edge 46. In a preferred embodiment, the vacuum openings 40 and vacuum slots 42 define a chevron or zig-zag pattern (see FIG. 3a), although other advantageous patterns are within the scope of this invention (for example, FIG. 3b—also a chevron, but with additional slots).

Still referring to FIG. 1, it will be appreciated that for every one rotation of the vacuum wheel 20, two sets of vacuum openings 40 will have been rotated, allowing the ability to pick up product, such as stretchable film, with the vacuum twice per revolution.

As best seen in FIG. 4, the vacuum openings 40 in conjunction with the vacuum slots 42 are adapted to attract and retain under the influence of vacuum a segment of film or other material 60. When a vacuum is applied to the vacuum wheel 20 (vacuum source not shown) and a segment of film 60 is placed over the vacuum openings 40 and vacuum slots 42, the vacuum will attract and retain the segment of film 60 on the outer surface 22 of the vacuum wheel 20. When a shear force is applied to the segment of film 60 in the direction indicated by arrow 62, the vacuum openings 40 and the first edge 44 of the vacuum slots 42 provide an area of retaining vacuum force 64 on the segment of film 60.

In addition to the retaining vacuum force 64, the advantageous vacuum opening 40 and vacuum slot 42 chevron pattern provides a number of inside 66 and outside 68 corners. These inside 66 and outside 68 corners create additional inside corner forces 67 and outside corner forces 69. The inside 67 and outside 69 corner forces provide increased holding area, and tend to tighten, rather than loosen their grip when subject to high shear forces. The chevron or zig-zag pattern of vacuum openings 40 and vacuum slots 42 seen in FIGS. 3a and 3b takes advantage of these vacuum retaining forces 64, 67, and 69 to hold the segment of film 60 in place, yet allows for the segment of film to slip over the vacuum openings 40 and vacuum slots 42 when the shear force applied to the segment of film 60 is stronger than the retaining vacuum forces 64, 67, and 69 on the segment of film 60.

Vacuum source is applied to wheel 20 by placing a fixed vacuum manifold assembly very close to surface 26 of wheel 20 (preferably 0.005″±0.002″ gap). The inserts mounted to surface 28 of wheel 20 finish or close the vacuum communication, and may also include vacuum holes to communicate vacuum to additional elastic material contact surfaces.

Referring to FIG. 1, the vacuum wheel 20 axle or shaft mounting aperture 90 and cylindrical inner surface 24 of the vacuum wheel 20 can be seen. The axle mounting aperture 90, along with a plurality of bolt mounting apertures 92 provides the means for mounting the vacuum wheel 20 within an article transfer device or the like, such as that described in Ser. No. 09/695,961 [owned by the common assignee hereof]. The inner surface 24 of the vacuum wheel 20 has a central rotational axis that is disposed parallel to the outer surface 22 of the vacuum wheel 20.

The second side 28 of the vacuum wheel 20 preferably has a plurality of longitudinal vacuum ports 50 formed through it that may be parallel to but offset from an axis of rotation of the vacuum wheel 20. The vacuum ports 50 are preferably configured to connect to an external vacuum source (not shown). Extending generally radially outwardly from the vacuum ports 50 are vacuum passageways 48. Each vacuum passageway 48 extends from the vacuum port 50 to the vacuum opening 40 on the outer surface 22 of the vacuum wheel 20.

Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, the vacuum wheel 20 preferably includes at least one protuberance 70 extending generally outwardly from the second side 28 of the vacuum wheel 20 and parallel to the outer surface 22, and ending at the protuberance 70 first side 76. The protuberances 70 include an outer surface 72 and an inner surface 74. In a preferred embodiment, disposed within the outer surface 72 of the protuberance 70 is a groove 78 formed therein. The protuberances 70 are arranged 180 degrees apart in this embodiment, but they may be separated by other angles in other designs. In some cases, more than one pair of protuberances are used. FIG. 7 shows such an alternative embodiment of the vacuum wheel 20 including four protuberances 70, although an odd number of protuberances 70 may be used as well.

The purpose of the groove 78 in the outer surface 72 of the protuberance 70 is for aligning/guiding a belt (not shown). The surface of the belt becomes a contact surface to the elastic material. Different types of belts can provide different contact (or gripping) surfaces, or different belt profiles can be used.

Preferably, there are 5 vacuum port holes per each grouping of 15 vacuum holes. Still preferably, 3 of these vacuum port holes are in vacuum communication with the 15 vacuum holes. The remaining two vacuum port holes are there in case the length of the elastic material patch requires more than the 15 shown vacuum holes. Additional “W” patterns of vacuum holes can be machined into the wheel, as needed.

The surface 22 of wheel 20 is a “holding” surface preferably. The actual transfer surface (bumping or laying the elastic material onto carrier web) is provided for by the inserts.

The wheels are preferably used in pairs (left and right or operator side and drive side). The wheels are canted / \ so at the transfer-on point the wheel outer surfaces are closer together than at the transfer-off point (180 degrees rotation). The elastic material patch transfers onto the wheels in an unstretched state, and transfers off the wheels in a stretched state. The angles on the outer surface of the wheels are there to keep the outer surfaces of the wheels parallel to the transfer surfaces.

Referring to FIG. 6, in the alternative embodiment shown, the vacuum wheel 20 includes four sets of vacuum opening 40 patterns as compared to two sets of vacuum opening 40 patterns in FIG. 5.

Referring now to FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the vacuum wheel 20 is shown incorporating inserts 100. The 4 mounting holes 94 (shown in FIG. 6) per grouping of 15 vacuum holes are for the mounting of insert 100.

When mounted to the wheel 20, the inserts 100 complete the protuberance ring. The inserts 100 provide the ability to provide different contact (or gripping) surfaces/methods depending on the type of elastic material being processed. The inserts 100 can be configured for a belt method or for a pad method. A pad method might provide a sandpaper surface, a silicone rubber surface, a surface with pins protruding, etc.

In a preferred embodiment, the “W” pattern shown for example in FIG. 1, can be reversed 180°. In this preferred embodiment, the stretch film tugs against a greater number of points, which has been found to increase the holding effectiveness of the wheel 20.

The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Furthermore, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described. While the preferred embodiment has been described, the details may be changed without departing from the invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum wheel, comprising: a rotary member having an perimeter surface, a first side surface and a second side surface;a vacuum port for receiving negative pressure provided on the rotary member;a vacuum passageway coupled to the vacuum port, said passageway communicating said negative pressure to a plurality of openings disposed in a substantially chevron shaped pattern on said perimeter surface;a protuberance further comprising a grooved ring about a periphery of said protuberance.

2. A vacuum wheel, comprising: a rotary member having an perimeter surface, a first side surface and a second side surface;a vacuum port for receiving negative pressure provided on the rotary member;a vacuum passageway coupled to the vacuum port, said passageway communicating said negative pressure to a plurality of openings disposed in a substantially chevron shaped pattern on said perimeter surface;the rotary member further comprising a semi-circular protuberance extending from a first side surface of said rotary member,a removable insert extending from said first side surface of said rotary member,said removable insert having a semi-circular perimeter surface;said protuberance and said removable insert extending about a radius of said rotary member, thereby forming a second perimeter surface of said rotary member.

3. A vacuum wheel, comprising: a rotary member having an perimeter surface, a first side surface and a second side surface;a vacuum port for receiving negative pressure provided on the rotary member;a vacuum passageway coupled to the vacuum port, said passageway communicating said negative pressure to a plurality of openings disposed in a substantially chevron shaped pattern on said perimeter surface;the rotary member further comprising:a plurality of protuberances extending from the rotary member,a plurality of removable inserts extending from the rotary member,said protuberances and said removable inserts forming a grooved ring about a radius of said member.

4. A vacuum wheel, comprising: a rotary member having an perimeter surface, a first side surface and a second side surface;a vacuum port for receiving negative pressure provided on the rotary member;a vacuum passageway coupled to the vacuum port, said passageway communicating said negative pressure to a plurality of openings disposed in a substantially chevron shaped pattern on said perimeter surface;the rotary member further comprising;a plurality of protuberances from the rotary member, said protuberances semi-circular about a periphery of said protuberances,a plurality of removable inserts extending from the rotary member, said inserts semi-circular about a periphery of said inserts,said protuberances and said removable inserts forming a grooved ring about a radius of said member.