Patent Application
20080048054
In the figures, the same reference numerals are used for identical or similar parts, even when the description is not repeated.
The schematic diagram according to
The device 1, preferably, comprises a nozzle 3 for generating a jet 4 of the liquid 2. In particular a free, i.e., non-laterally-directed jet 4, is formed. The jet 4, preferably, has an at least substantially circular cross-section with a diameter of, in particular, 1 to 50 μm, especially, less than 20 μm or even less than 10 m. The jet 4 is ejected from the nozzle 3, preferably, at a pressure of 0.05 to 3 MPa, in particular, 0.1 to 0.3 MPa.
Furthermore, the device 1 comprises a hot or heatable contact surface 5 on which the jet 4 is incident.
The contact surface 5 may, in principle, have any suitable shape that is appropriate for the desired atomization, and thus, for example, may be formed in a grid like manner or provided with openings. Preferably, the contact surface 5 forms an, in particular, a continuous impact and deflecting surface for the jet 4.
The contact surface 5 can be warmed or heated by means of a heating device (not illustrated in
The temperature of the contact surface 5 is, preferably, significantly above (e.g., by 20° C. or 50° C.) the boiling point of the liquid 2 or of an essential constituent of the liquid 2, such as a solvent. When water is used as solvent, the temperature of the contact surface is, preferably, at least 120° C., in particular, 150° C. or more. Preferably, the starting temperature (temperature at the beginning just before the liquid 2 impinges on the contact surface 5) is kept at about 250° C. or more, in particular, up to 400° C. Thus, a spontaneous vaporization without a delay in boiling can be achieved, i.e., a direct transition from the liquid to the gaseous state together with the desired increase in volume.
The temperature of the contact surface 5 is also, preferably, so high that no residues or at least no residues relevant for a medical application are formed on the contact surface 5, in particular as regards the optimized composition or formulation of the liquid 2 for such an application.
Another aspect is the dispensing ratio or liquid flow (volume of liquid before partial vaporization per time unit). Preferably, the liquid flow is 5 to 100 μl/s, in particular, about 10 to 50 μl/s.
The contact surface 5 is preferably formed of metal, semiconductor material such as silicon, ceramics or glass. In particular the contact surface 5 is formed by the surface of a corresponding plate-shaped piece, side wall or a corresponding coating. Alternatively or in addition, the material and/or the contact surface 5 may be coated, for example, with one of the aforementioned materials or with silicon nitride, silicon carbide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or other suitable materials, in particular, to minimize or prevent formation of residues and/or dirt.
The thermal capacity of the body forming the contact surface 5 is, preferably, sufficiently large to maintain the surface temperature sufficiently constant during the atomization process. The thermal capacity is however preferably chosen to be not too large, so that the heat loss of the heating device (not shown) associated with the contact surface 5 can be minimized or at least kept to acceptable limits. Alternatively or in addition, the heating device (heater) responds sufficiently rapidly so that the temperature can be maintained at least in a desired range during the atomization process.
In particular, the following equation is at least essentially fulfilled:
(0.001·T1.9/(1+0.32·dV/dt)−4.7·e−0.053(dV/dt+5))·V=1000·(mH·cH·ΔT+Ezu)/(cF·(100−TR)+qF+0.4·(T−100−ΔT/2))
with:
Preferably, the total volume of liquid dispensed per dose or actuation of the dispensing device 1 is about 10 to 100 μl in particular about 15 to 60 μl.
Particularly preferably, the pressure with which the jet 4 impacts on the contact surface 5 can be adjusted, controlled or regulated. In particular, this is achieved by adjusting, controlling or regulating the pressure at which the jet 4 exits from the nozzle 3. Alternatively or in addition, the distance between the nozzle 3 and contact surface 5 and/or the impact point on the contact surface 5 can, to this end, also be varied, for example, by altering the direction of the jet or using another nozzle 3.
The distance of the nozzle 3 from the contact surface 5—i.e., the free jet length preferably, is small, and in particular, is less than 1 mm. Preferably, the distance is less than 500 μm, and in particular, is basically 100 to 300 μm. Thus, a relatively low feed pressure and/or exit pressure at the nozzle 3 is sufficient to allow the liquid 2 to strike the contact surface 5 still with a relatively high or at least sufficient pressure of preferably 0.05 to 3 MPa, in particular 0.1 to 0.3 MPa.
When the liquid 2 or the jet 4 strikes the contact surface 5, only a very small proportion of the liquid 2 is spontaneously vaporized. In particular, a vapor cushion is intermittently formed between the contact surface 5 and the actual jet 4 and the non-vaporized liquid 2. The increase in volume during the transition from the liquid to the gaseous phase leads to the desired atomization of liquid 2 into very small, substantially uniformly large droplets 6 that form an aerosol 7 together with the ambient atmosphere, in particular air.
The contact surface 5 is, preferably, formed substantially microscopically smooth, at least in its impact region. The contact surface 5 may if necessary be structured macroscopically and/or microscopically—i.e., provided with protuberances and/or depressions—or formed smooth, in order to influence the aerosol formation in a desired way. In particular, a microstructuring of the contact surface 5 can improve the efficiency of the atomization, in that the vaporization of liquid 2 takes place in open microcavities. Due to the microcavities the vaporized liquid and the energy thereby ejected can be focused on or directed at the following liquid 2 in the jet. Alternatively or in addition, the contact surface 5 may also be formed micro-rough. Different reflection properties are thereby produced. This is conducive to a broad spatial distribution and angular distribution of the velocities of the resultant droplets 6, and thus produces a “diffuse scattering”.
Preferably, the droplets 6 have a narrow and uniform size distribution. In particular, a constant impact velocity of the liquid 2 on the contact surface 5 is conducive to a uniform size distribution, since each liquid element is thereby subjected to uniform dynamical and thermal influences, which is conducive to the desired uniformity of the droplet size.
However, in order to assist a specific spatial localization of the droplets 6 and the formation of a defined aerosol cloud, the contact and deflecting surface 5, preferably, has a concave, for example, parabolic, shape. In addition or alternatively, guidance devices (not shown) for the aerosol 7 or means to produce swirling or deflection of the aerosol 7 or the like may be provided.
The droplets 6 formed in the atomization, preferably, have no substantially uniform velocity direction, but in particular exhibit a broad spatial distribution of the directions and angular distribution of their velocities. This broad spatial velocity distribution is assisted by the preferred deflection and the preferred reflection of the liquid 2 at the contact and deflecting surface 5.
In addition, the deflection and/or the reflection of the liquid 2 at the contact and deflecting surface 5, as well as preferably the diffused spatial distribution of the movement directions of the droplets 6, are conducive to the formation of a quasi-stationary aerosol cloud or at least to a substantial decrease in the propagation velocity of the aerosol 7 and the velocities of the droplets 6, in particular, to less than 1 m/sec immediately after the contact surface 5.
The impact angle of the jet 4 on the contact surface 5, i.e., the angle between the jet 4 and the contact surface 5, is preferably between 10° and 90°, in particular, between 40° and 70°.
The droplets 6 preferably have a mean diameter of less than 10 μm, in particular, of 1 to 7 μm, most particularly preferably, of substantially 5 μm or less, in order to achieve a high pulmonary accessibility during inhalation.
The mean volume of the droplets 6 is preferably less than 1 pl, in particular, substantially 0.1 pl or less.
The volume flow of atomized liquid 2 is preferably at least 30 μl/sec. Thus, the amount of aerosol 7 appropriate for an inhalation can be generated with a sufficient amount of an active constituent in a sufficiently short time of, for example, only one second or a few seconds.
A metering of the jet 4 preferably takes place. Thus, the aerosol 7 and thereby the ejected amount of medicament formulation or the like can be metered in a simple and effective manner.
The generation of the aerosol 7 is preferably followed by inhalation by a user (not shown). The device 1 is accordingly preferably designed as an inhaler or for medical aerosol treatment.
However, the aerosol 7—in particular depending on the liquid 2 that is used—may also be employed for other purposes, in particular, for cosmetic or technical purposes. This has already been discussed in the introduction.
Further embodiments according to the present invention are described hereinafter with the aid of the further figures, the respective description concentrating on essential differences compared to the other embodiments. Descriptions and explanations regarding the other embodiments and in the introductory part thus apply as appropriate or suitably amplified.
In addition, the device 1 according to the second embodiment comprises a plurality of nozzles 3 that generate preferably at least substantially jets of the liquid 2 which, in particular, impact at different regions on the preferably common contact surface 5. The nozzles 3 are, in this embodiment, preferably provided with the liquid 2 via separate feed lines 8.
Furthermore,
The feed line 8 for the liquid 2 to the nozzle 3 has a plurality of parallel channels 11 that serve to filter the liquid 2 in order to prevent a blockage of the very fine nozzle 3. The channels 11 thus form a filter device. The channels 11 are connected in parallel to a subsidiary, common collecting region 12 that feeds the liquid 2 to the nozzle 3.
The channels 11, the collecting region 12 and/or the nozzle 3 are preferably formed by corresponding depressions in a surface of an, in particular, plate-shaped material piece 13, for example, by etching, laser abrasion, stamping, injection molding or the like, and are covered, in particular, by a cover 14, which has been partly cut away in
The nozzle 3, in the illustrated example, opens onto a side wall of a preferably groove-shaped recess 15. The oppositely-facing wall forms the contact and deflecting surface 5 and carries the heating device 9. In the illustrated example, the oppositely-facing wall is formed from the material piece 13 and the cover 14. However, other structural solutions are also possible in this case.
According to a variant (not illustrated), the jets 4 and individual groups of jets 4 strike different contact and deflecting surfaces 5. If necessary, the various surfaces 5 may then vary as regards their properties, in particular, distance to the respective nozzle 3, inclination, surface state, or the like.
The ejection of the liquid 2 to be atomized, in parallel and simultaneously through a plurality of nozzles 3, enables a large amount of liquid 2 to be atomized in a short time, whereby, as already explained, a relatively large amount of aerosol 7 with a small mean droplet size can be formed. This parallel and simultaneous ejection through a plurality of nozzles 3 may also be employed independently of the described embodiments and also independently of the proposed solution and atomization discussed here. Particularly preferably the parallel ejection through a plurality of nozzles 3 may also be employed in another type of atomizer, in particular the nebuliser obtainable under the trademark RESPIMAT®, or in an atomizer as disclosed in particular in International Patent Application Publications WO 91/14468 A1, WO 97/12687 A1 or WO 2005/080001 A1, wherein, for example, several pairs of jets of the liquid 2 to be atomized are generated by several nozzles 3 and the jets intersect in pairs for the atomization into small droplets.
The second, third and fourth embodiments of the device 1 according to the invention may be manufactured, in particular, on a miniaturized scale.
The device 1 according to the third and fourth embodiments is, in particular, produced by forming or recessing the nozzle(s) 3 and the feed line(s) 8 by etching in the material piece 13 on the side subsequently covered by the cover 14.
The material piece 13, preferably, are made of silicon. In particular, the piece is a silicon wafer or some other plate piece for a plurality of material pieces 13. The techniques known from semiconductor technology, such as lithography, covering with a photolacquer or the like, may therefore be used to form the structures.
The production of the structures, such as the nozzle 3, the feed line 8 and the like, preferably, takes place in the wafer or in another plate piece before the subdivision or the cutting up into the individual material pieces 13, i.e., in parallel and simultaneously for a plurality of devices 1.
The structured wafer or the other plate piece is then covered over the whole surface with the cover 14. The cover 14 preferably is made of glass or silicon, and is possibly also a silicon wafer or the like. The cover 14 is securely joined, preferably, by anodic bonding or another suitable method, to the wafer or plate piece forming the material pieces 13, to produce a plate composite.
The thickness of the lower layer and/or of the material piece 13 and/or of the cover 14 is, preferably, in each case, 200 to 800 μm, in particular, substantially about 500 μm.
Before forming the recess 15—possibly also before the connection to the material pieces 13 the cover 14 is preferably provided, on the flat side facing away from the material pieces 13, with a conducting structure for the subsequent formation of the electrical connections 10, in particular, by coating certain regions, partial removal of a corresponding, electrically conducting coating, or the like.
The recesses 15 of the devices 1 in the plate composite are then formed preferably in a thickness of about 100 to 300 μm, in particular, by suitably cutting into the plate composite with a suitable saw blade. The production of the recesses 15 may, however, be accomplished in another suitable way, for example, by laser abrasion, etching or the like. The nozzles 3 are formed and opened by the production of the recess(es) 15.
After the production of the recess(es) 15—and preferably, before the separation of the plate composite into individual devices 1—the heating devices 9 are formed in particular by vapor deposition of an electrically conducting material or by another coating method on the side wall(s) of the recess(es) 15 lying opposite the nozzle 3 and formation of a suitable conductor arrangement or guidance. An electrical connection to the connections 10 is produced at the same time. The exact structure of the heating devices 9 is not shown in
Finally, the plate composite is separated into the individual devices 1, in particular, by sawing or some other cutting or separation method.
The preferred sequence of steps explained hereinbefore permits a very simple and inexpensive production of the device 1 having defined properties and low tolerances.
The device 1 produced according to the proposal constitutes a common—optionally block-like and/or one-piece or integrated structural part for the feed line(s) 8, the nozzle(s) 3, the contacts surface(s) 5 and possibly the heating device(s) 9. This arrangement allows a simple and rapid installation of the device 1, in particular, where the desired relationships of the nozzle 3 to the contact surface 5, especially a specific interspacing, have already been fixed by the device 1 according to the proposal.
The liquid 2 is stored in a container 16 and can be ejected through nozzle 3 as a jet 4 onto the heated contact surfaces 5 to partially vaporize the liquid 2 and form the aerosol 7 as explained above in connection with the other embodiments. The aerosol 7 is discharged via an optional mouthpiece 17.
The device 1/inhaler comprises, preferably, a supply means or pump 18. In the present case, the pump 18 comprises a supply tube 19, which is preferably connected with container 16 and extends into container 16 and into the liquid 2. The supply tube 19 extends with its other end into a pump chamber 20 and acts as a pump piston. A check valve 21 is preferably provided at the end of the supply tube 19 extending into the pump chamber 20.
The device 1 or pump 18 further comprises a preferably manually operated actuator 22. Preferably, the actuator 22 can be pivoted and acts with a curve 23 on a counter element 24 associated to the pump 18, container 16, and/or supply tube 19 directly or indirectly.
When the actuator 22 is operated, in particular pressed or pivoted inwardly from the position shown in
At the end of the suction stroke, the biased spring 25 may be blocked in its biased or compressed position or may be released directly. If the spring 25 is blocked in its biased position, it may be released after release of the actuator 22 and/or after actuating any other release mechanism or the like.
With or after release, the force of the spring 25 is used to quickly return the supply tube 19—in
In the present embodiment, the contact surface 5 is formed preferably by an edge of a flat or plate-shaped a member 26. The member 26 is heated by at least one associated heating element 27 of the heating device 9, in particular sandwiched between two heating elements 27. The inhaler/heating device 9, preferably, comprises a battery or accumulator 28, in particular, a lithium ion accumulator or the like, for providing the necessary energy for powering the electrically operated heating elements 27.
Preferably, the heating device 9 additionally comprises a controller 29 and/or a display 30, e.g., a lamp or the like. Controller 29 controls the electric power supplied to the at least one heating elements 27 and may preferably control the temperature preferably of the member 26/contact surface 5.
The display 30 preferably indicates when the contact surface 5 has reached its temperature, the starting temperature T mentioned above, such as 250 to 400° C., so that the desired partial vaporization can take place when the jet 4 is directed onto the contact surface 5.
The heating device 9 may be switched on and/or off depending on the actuation of the pump 18. Vice versa, the pump 18 may be actuated and/or the spring 25 may be released from its biased position preferably only when the contact surface 5 has reached the desired/required temperature for generating the aerosol 7 in the desired manner as described above.
The battery/accumulator 28 may be exchanged and/or reloaded. For example, the device 1/inhaler may be inserted into and/or connected to—preferably wireless and/or inductively—to a charging device (not shown).
Preferably, the device 1/inhaler meters and dispenses the liquid 2 in defined doses (each pump stroke corresponds to one stroke), preferably, with about 10 to 100 μl as mentioned above. Preferably, the liquid is dispensed with a liquid flow of 5 to 100 μl/s, in particular, about 10 to 50 μl/s.
Alternatively or additionally, the above equation and/or other data and measures apply for the inhaler at least substantially.
The features of the different embodiments and the different embodiments can be combined any suitable manner and/or combined or used in other dispensers, inhalers or the like.
Preferably, the liquid 2 is, as already mentioned, a medicament formulation, for example an aqueous or ethanolic medicament formulation. It may however also involve another type of medicament formulation, a suspension or the like.
Preferred constituents and/or formulations of the preferably medicinal liquid 2 are listed hereinafter. As already mentioned, these may be aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, mixtures of ethanolic or solvent-free formulations or the like. Mixtures may contain in particular two or more, preferably three or four, medicaments, most preferably, in ethanolic formulations. The liquid 2 particularly preferably contains the following:
All inhalable compounds, for example, also inhalable macromolecules, as disclosed in European Patent EP 1 003 478, are used as pharmaceutically active substances. substance formulations or substance mixtures. Preferably, substances, substance formulations or substance mixtures that are used for inhalation purposes are employed to treat respiratory pathway conditions.
Particularly preferred in this context are medicaments that are selected from the group consisting of anticholinergic agents, betamimetics, steroids, phosphodiesterase IV inhibitors, LTD4 antagonists and EGFR kinase inhibitors, antiallergic agents, ergot alkaloid derivatives, triptanes, CGRP antagonists, phosphodiesterase V inhibitors, as well as combinations of such active substances, e.g. betamimetics plus anticholinergic agents or betamimetics plus antiallergic agents. In the case of combinations at least one of the active constituents contains preferably chemically bound water. Anticholinergic agent-containing active substances are preferably used, as single preparations or in the form of combination preparations.
The following, in particular, may be mentioned as examples of effective constituents or their salts:
Anticholinergics which may be used are preferably selected from among tiotropiumn bromide, oxitropium bromide, flutropium bromide, ipratropium bromide, glycopyrronium salts, trospium chloride, tolterodine, tropenol 2,2-diphenylpropionate methobromide, scopine 2,2-diphenylpropionate methobromide, scopine 2-fluoro-2,2-diphenylacetate methobromide, tropenol 2-fluoro-2,2-diphenylacetate methobromide, tropenol 3,3′,4,4′-tetrafluorobenzilate methobromide, scopine 3,3′,4,4′-tetrafluorobenzilate methobromide, tropenol 4,4′-difluorobenzilate methobromide, scopine 4,4′-difluorobenzilate methobromide, tropenol 3,3′-difluorobenzilate methobromide, scopine 3,3′-difluorobenzilate methobromide, tropenol 9-hydroxy-fluorene-9-carboxylate methobromide, tropenol 9-fluoro-fluorene-9-carboxylate methobromide, scopine 9-hydroxy-fluorene-9-carboxylate methobromide, scopine 9-fluoro-fluorene-9-carboxylate methobromide, tropenol 9-methyl-fluorene-9-carboxylate methobromide, scopine 9-methyl-fluorene-9-carboxylate methobromide, cyclopropyltropine benzilate methobromide, cyclopropyltropine 2,2-diphenylpropionate methobromide, cyclopropyltropine 9-hydroxy-xanthene-9-carboxylate methobromide, cyclopropyltropine 9-methyl-fluorene-9-carboxylate methobromide, cyclopropyltropine 9-methyl-xanthene-9-carboxylate methobromide, cyclopropyltropine 9-hydroxy-fluorene-9-carboxylate methobromide, cyclopropyltropine methyl 4,4′-difluorobenzilate methobromide, tropenol 9-hydroxy-xanthene-9-carboxylate methobromide, scopine 9-hydroxy-xanthene-9-carboxylate methobromide, tropenol 9-methyl-xanthene-9-carboxylate methobromide, scopine 9-methyl-xanthene-9-carboxylate methobromide, tropenol 9-ethyl-xanthene-9-carboxylate methobromide, tropenol 9-difluoromethyl-xanthene-9-carboxylate methobromide and scopine 9-hydroxymethyl-xanthene-9-carboxylate methobromide, optionally in the form of the racemates, enantiomers or diastereomers thereof and optionally in the form of the solvates and/or hydrates thereof
Betamimetics which may be used are preferably selected from among albuterol, bambuterol, bitolterol, broxaterol, carbuterol, clenbuterol, fenoterol, formoterol, hexoprenaline, ibuterol, indacaterol, isoetharine, isoprenaline, levosalbutamol, mabuterol, meluadrine, metaproterenol, orciprenaline, pirbuterol, procaterol, reproterol, rimiterol, ritodrine, salmeterol, salmefamol, soterenot, sulphonterol, tiaramide, terbutaline, tolubuterol, CHF-1035, HOKU-81, KUL-1248, 3-(4-{6-[2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-phenyl)-ethylamino]-hexyloxyl}-butyl)-benzolsulphonamide, 5-[2-(5,6-diethyl-indan-2-ylamino)-1-hydroxy-ethyl]-8-hydroxy-1H-quinolin-2-one, 4-hydroxy-7-[2-{[2-{[3-(2-phenylethoxy)propyl]sulphonyl}ethyl]-amino}ethyl]-2(3H)-benzothiazolone, 1-(2-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[4-(1-benzimidazolyl)-2-methyl-2-butylamino]ethanol, 1-[3-(4-methoxybenzyl-amino)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-2-[4-(1-benzimidazolyl)-2-methyl-2- butylamino]ethanol, 1-[2H-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-4H-1,4-benzoxazin-8-yl]-2-[3-(4-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)-2-methyl-2-propylamino]ethanol, 1-[2H-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-4II-1,4-benzoxazin-8-yl]-2-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propylamino]ethanol, 1-[2H-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-4H-1,4-benzoxazin-8-yl]-2-[3-(4-n-butyloxyphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propylamino]ethanol, 1-[2H-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-4H-1,4-benzoxazin-8-yl]-2-{4-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]-2-methyl-2-butylamino}ethanol, 5-hydroxy-8-(1-hydroxy-2-isopropylaminobutyl)-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-(4H)-one, 1-(4-amino-3-chloro-5-trifluormethylphenyl)-2-tert.-butylamino)ethanol and 1-(4-ethoxycarbonylamino-3-cyano-5-fluorophenyl)-2-(tert.-butylamino)ethanol, optionally in the form of the racemates, enantiomers or diastereomers thereof and optionally in the form of the pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts, solvates and/or hydrates thereof
Steroids which may be used are preferably selected from among prednisolone, prednisone, butixocortpropionate, RPR-106541, flunisolide, beclomethasone, triamcinolone, budesonide, fluticasone, mometasone, ciclesonide, rofleponide, ST-126, dexamethasone, (S)-fluoromethyl 6α, 9α-difluoro-17α-[(2-furanylcarbonyl)oxy]-11β-hydroxy-16α-methyl-3-oxo-androsta-1,4-diene-17β-carbothionate, (S)-(2-oxo-tetrahydro-furan-3S-yl) 6α,9α-difluoro-11β-hydroxy-16α-methyl-3-oxo-17α-propionyloxy-androsta-1,4-diene-17β-carbothionate and etiprednol-dichloroacetate (BNP-166), optionally in the form of the racemates, enantiomers or diastereomers thereof and optionally in the form of the salts and derivatives thereof, the solvates and/or hydrates thereof.
PDE IV-inhibitors which may be used are preferably selected from among enprofyllin, theophyllin, roflumilast, ariflo (cilomilast), CP-325,366, BY343, D-4396 (Sch-351591), AWD-12-281 (GW-842470), N-(3,5-dichloro-1-oxo-pyridin-4-yl)-4-difluoromethoxy-3-cyclopropylmethoxybenzamide, NCS-613, pumafentine, (−)p-[(4αR*, 10bS*)-9-ethoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,10b-hexahydro-8-methoxy-2-methylbenzo[s][1,6]naph-thyridin-6-yl]-N,N-diisopropylbenzamnide, (R)-(+)-1-(4-bromobenzyl)-4-[(3-cyclo-pentyloxy)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-pyrrolidone, 3-(cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(4-N′-[N-2-cyano-S-methyl-isothioureido]benzyl)-2-pyrrolidone, cis[4-cyano-4-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid], 2-carbomethoxy-4-cyano-4-(3′-cyclopropylmethoxy-4-difluoromethoxyphenyl)cyclohexan-1-one, cis[4-cyano-4-(3-cyclopropylmethoxy-4-difluoromethoxyphenyl)cyclohexan-1-ol], (R)-(+)-ethyl[4-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-ylidene]acetate, (S)-(−)-ethyl[4-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-ylidene]acetate, CDP840, Bay-198004, D-4418, PD-168787, T-440, T-2585, arofyllin, atizoram, V-11294A, C1-1018, CDC-801, CDC-3052, D-22888, YM-58997, Z-15370, 9-cyclopentyl-5,6-dihydro-7-ethyl-3-(2-thienyl)-9H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine and 9-cyclopentyl-5,6-dihydro-7-ethyl-3-(tert-butyl)-9H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin, optionally in the form of the racemates, enantiomers or diastereomers thereof and optionally in the form of the pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts, solvates and/or hydrates thereof.
LTD4-antagonists which may be used are preferably selected from among montelukast, 1-(((R)-(3-(2-(6,7-difluoro-2-quinolinyl)ethenyl)phenyl)-3-(2-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)phenyl)thio)methylcyclopropane-acetic acid, 1-(((1(R)-3(3-(2-(2,3-dichlorothieno[3,2-b]pyridin-5-yl)-(E)-ethenyl)phenyl)-3-(2-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-phenyl)propyl)thio)methyl)cyclopropane-acetic acid, pranlukast, zafirlukast, [2-[[2-(4-tert-butyl-2-thiazolyl)-5-benzofuranyl]oxymethyl]phenyl]acetic acid, MCC-847 (ZD-3523), MN-001, MEN-91507 (LM-1507), VUF-5078, VUF-K-8707 and L-733321, optionally in the form of the racemates, enantiomers or diastereomers thereof, optionally in the form of the pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts thereof and optionally in the form of the salts and derivatives thereof, the solvates and/or hydrates thereof
EGFR-kinase inhibitors which may be used are preferably selected from among cetuximab, trastuzumab, ABX-EGF, Mab ICR-62, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-6-{[4-(morpholin-4-yl)-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl]amino}-7-cyclopropylmethoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(R)-(1-phenyl-ethyl)amino]-6-{[4-(morpholin-4-yl)-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl]amino}-7-cyclopentyloxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-{[4-((R)-6-methyl-2-oxo-morpholin-4-yl)-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl]amino}7-[(S)-(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)oxy]-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-[2-((S)-6-methyl-2-oxo-morpholin-4-yl)-ethoxy]-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-6-({4-[N-(2-methoxy-ethyl)-N-methyl-amino]-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl}amino)-7-cyclopropylmethoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(R)-(1-phenyl-ethyl)amino]-6-({4-[N-(tetrahydropyran-4-yl)-N-methyl-amino]-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl}amino)-7-cyclopropylmethoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-6-({4-[N-(2-methoxy-ethyl)-N-methyl-amino]-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl}amino)-7-cyclopentyloxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-6-{[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl]amino}-7-[(R)-(tetra-hydrofuran-2-yl)methoxy]-quinazoline, 4-[(3-ethynyl-phenyl)amino]-6,7-bis-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-quinazoline, 4-[(R)-(1-phenyl-ethyl)amino]-6-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine, 3-cyano-4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-6-{[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl]amino}-7-ethoxy-quinoline, 4-[(R)-(1-phenyl-ethyl)amino]-6-{[4-((R)-6-methyl-2-oxo-morpholin-4-yl)-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl]amino}-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-6-{[4-(morpholin-4-yl)-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl]amino}-7-[(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methoxy]-quinazoline, 4-[(3-ethynyl-phenyl)amino]-6-{[4-(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxo-morpholin-4-yl)-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl]amino}-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-{2-[4-(2-oxo-morpholin-4-yl)-piperidin-1 -yl]-ethoxy}-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(trans-4-amino-cyclohexan-1-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(trans-4-methanesulphonylamino-cyclohexan-1-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(tetrahydropyran-3-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-{1-[(morpholin-4-yl)carbonyl]-piperidin-4-yloxy}-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(piperidin-3-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-[1-(2-acetylamino-ethyl)-piperidin-4-yloxy]-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(tetrahydropyran-4-yloxy)-7-ethoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-{trans-4-[(morpholin-4-yl)carbonylamino]-cyclohexan-1-yloxy}-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-{1-[piperidin-1-yl)carbonyl]-piperidin-4-yloxy}-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(cis-4-{N-[(morpholin-4-yl)carbonyl]-N-methyl-amino}-cyclohexan-1-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(trans-4-ethansulphonylamino-cyclohexan-1-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(1-methanesulphonyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-7-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-[1-(2-methoxy-acetyl)-piperidin-4-yloxy]-7-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-quinazoline, 4-[(3-ethynyl-phenyl)amino]-6-(tetrahydropyran-4-yloxy]-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(cis-4-{N-[piperidin-1-yl)carbonyl]-N-methyl-amino}-cyclohexan-1-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-{cis-4-[(morpholin-4-yl)carbonylamino]-cyclohexan-1-yloxy}-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-{1-[2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl]-piperidin-4-yloxy}-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-ethynyl-phenyl)amino]-6-(1-acetyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-ethynyl-phenyl)amino]-6-(1-methyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-ethynyl-phenyl)amino]-6-(1-methanesulphonyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(1-methyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-7(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-quinazoline, 4-[(3-ethynyl-phenyl)amino]-6-{1-[(morpholin-4-yl)carbonyl]-piperidin-4-yloxy}-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-{1-[(N-methyl-N-2-methoxyethyl-amino)carbonyl]-piperidin-4-yloxy}-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(1-ethyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-[cis-4-(N-methanesulphonyl-N-methyl-amino)-cyclohexan-1-yloxy]-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-[cis-4-(N-acetyl-N-methyl-amino)-cyclohexan-1-yloxy]-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(trans-4-methylamino-cyclohexan-1-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-[trans-4-(-methanesulphonyl-N-methyl-amino)-cyclohexan-1-yloxy]-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(trans-4-dimethylamino-cyclohexan-1-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(trans-4-{N-[(morpholin-4-yl)carbonyl]-N-methyl-amino}-cyclohexan-1-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-6-oxo-morpholin-4-yl)-ethoxy]-7-[(S)-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methoxy]-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(1-methanesulphonyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-(1-cyano-piperidin-4-yloxy)-7-methoxy-quinazoline, and 4-[(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)amino]-6-{1-[(2-methoxyethyl)carbonyl]-piperidin-4-yloxy}-7-methoxy-quinazoline, optionally in the form of the racemates, enantiomers or diastereomers thereof, optionally in the form of the pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts thereof the solvates and/or hydrates thereof.
By acid addition salts, salts with pharmacologically acceptable acids which the compounds may possibly be capable of forming are meant, for example, salts selected from among the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydriodide, hydrosulphate, hydrophosphate, hydromethanesulphonate, hydronitrate, hydromaleate, hydroacetate, hydrobenzoate, hydrocitrate, hydrofumarate, hydrotartrate, hydrooxalate, hydrosuccinate, hydrobenzoate and hydro-p-toluenesulphonate, preferably hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydrosulphate, hydrophosphate, hydrofumarate and hydromethanesulphonate.
Examples of antiallergics are: disodium cromoglycate, nedocromil.
Examples of derivatives of the ergot alkaloids are: dihydroergotamine, ergotamine.
For inhalation, it is possible to use medicaments, pharmaceutical formulations and mixtures including the abovementioned active constituents, as well as their salts, esters and combinations of these active constituents, salts and esters.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2005 030 803.1 | Jun 2005 | DE | national |
| 20 2005 010 349.7 | Jun 2005 | DE | national |
