The present invention relates to surgery and in particular to closing holes in tissue during minimally invasive surgery. The invention is particularly useful for closing holes left by catheters during percutaneous surgical procedures such as minimally invasive cardiac surgery and other surgeries requiring access to body lumens.
More and more surgical procedures are performed percutaneously by the use of catheter-delivered devices. The main advantages are fast patient recovery and lower costs to the medical system. Some tissues, such as muscular tissue or arterial walls, do not seal well and are sometimes subject to blood pressure; therefore they require an immediate hemostatic seal after the surgery. Prior art solutions mainly rely on some form of a plug, such as an expanding foam plug, expanding metal plug or a barbed plug to seal the hole. The main disadvantage of plugs is that in order to form a good seal they are forcing the hole to become larger, rather than the more natural way which is to shrink the hole in order to promote healing. A prior art device operating by shrinking the hole is the Star Closure device sold by Abbott Vascular (www.abbottvasculardevices.com) however this device is only suitable to thin walled body lumens as it relies on folding the tissue. When sealing larger holes in thicker tissue the gripping points for pulling the tissue inwards have to be spread over an area significantly larger than the hole size, similar to what is done in traditional suturing. Attaching the closure device too close to the hole does not allow sufficient forces to be applied, therefore creating a marginal closure.
Another major shortcoming of the Star Closure and other devices is that the operation is not reversible. It is sometimes required to remove the closure, as in the case of bleeding or an additional procedure.
It is therefore desired to provide a hole closure method that provides an immediate liquid and gas tight closure and it can be delivered by a catheter to the inside wall of a body lumen.
It is also desired to provide a closure method suitable for a large range of tissue thicknesses and hole sizes.
It is also desired to be able to test, and if required to remove, the closure.
It further would be desired for the closing device to have permanent elastic properties to accommodate any movement or future changes in the tissue. Furthermore, the gripping area of the closure device has to be significantly larger than the original hole.
In view of the foregoing, the invention provides a method and device for closing holes in body lumens, and in particular in the heart and blood vessels, achieving an immediate hemostatic seal. The device can be applied via a wide range of catheters sizes to close a wide range of round and elongated holes with performance and reliability of traditional sutures but without requiring access to the tissue, except via the catheter. Furthermore, the device can be removed via the same catheter, and by using the same tools used to install it and can be re-used immediately if so desired. The device has a high degree of elastic compliance allowing a wide accommodation range to changes in the tissue. These and other objects of the present invention are achieved by providing a flexible clip that is temporarily attaches to an insertion tool. The clip has three different positions: a storage position, in which it is folded inside a delivery tube; an expanded position, in which it opens up to reach an area significantly larger than the hole, and a closed position in which elastic forces try to close the clip, pulling the tissue with it to close the hole. The clip has multiple sharp barbs for gripping the tissue and a stem for attaching to the insertion tool, as well as for re-attaching in case removal is required.
Methods for implanting and removal of the device are also provided.
The invention will become apparent by studying the drawings and the detailed description.
Referring to
In
The tool used to expand the Clip is shown in
It is desirable to be able to reverse the clip installation and, if needed, remove the clip completely via the same catheter used to install it. The current invention, in all its forms, allows this to be done. Referring now to
In
The large elastic range of Nitinol allows full removal without permanently deforming clip 3. Because of this large elasticity, clip 3 can not be manufactured by cold forming. It has to be held in the relaxed position (shown in
While the invention will work for any dimension of catheter, the preferred range is for catheters with internal diameters of 4 mm to 15 mm. The Nitinol wire diameter is about 0.4 mm for the 4 mm catheter and about 1 mm for the 15 mm catheter. The thread 10 on stem 8 is from M1 for the 4 mm catheter to M4 on the 15 mm catheter, M2 being a typical value. Tube 5 is made from standard stainless hypodermic tubing. All materials to construct the invention are available from Small Parts Inc (www.smallparts.com). While the detailed description showed a specific embodiment of a clip with four barbs, it is obvious that the invention covers many other configurations of barbs, made from many materials including materials used to make absorbable sutures and other non-metallic clips. It is also obvious that the invention can be configured to be used on the outside rather than the inside wall of the body lumen by sliding a clip shown in
This is shown in
The preferred embodiment is shown in
To achieve these and further objectives, the sharp barbs of the clip are covered till ready to be embedded, and the tool provides a positive stop to locate the inside wall of the tissue. In
By the way of example, tube 4 is extruded plastic with a diameter of 4 to 8 mm. Actuators 20 are made of stainless steel wire having a diameter of 1.2-1.6 mm. Clip 3 is made of 0.3-0.5 mm thick Nitinol sheet or 0.6-0.9 Nitinol wire, as shown in
While the examples used an elastic clip, it is obvious that the invention can be practiced with a non-elastic deformable clip. By the way of example, the clip shown in
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20130041405 A1 | Feb 2013 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 11436585 | May 2006 | US |
Child | 12777883 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 12777883 | May 2010 | US |
Child | 13652299 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 11357011 | Feb 2006 | US |
Child | 11436585 | US |