Method and device for controlling the tension of a web

Abstract

Tension in a web of material that is passing through a web treatment machine, such as a web-fed rotary printing press, is controlled. The desired value for the web tension is modified to counteract defects that may influence web tension during production operation of the web treatment machine. The modification of the web tension is done in advance of, or concurrently with the arrival of the defect that influences the web tension.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a method and to a device for regulating a web tension. Interferences occurred during web processing and affecting the web tension are compensated for by a regulating device.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A method for regulating web tension is disclosed in EP 0 837 825 B1. In addition to the measured actual values of the web tension, further values defining the machine status, and defining method-related properties are employed for the regulation. Besides the actually measured tension values, predeterminable web-specific parameters are also included in the regulating algorithm.

DE 198 34 725 A1 shows, inter alia, a method for regulating a web tension. Actual web tension values upstream and/or downstream of the printing unit are entered into a regulating device, which regulates the web tension at the draw-in device in such a way that, in spite of interference values such as, for example, a varying module of elasticity of the web, the web tension is maintained within a range which is optimal for the inking and cutting registrations.

The object of DE 197 54 878 A1 is to provide a winding tightness on a roll as constant, or as pre-definable, as possible.

For obtaining a uniform wind-up roll curve, values measured by the unwinding roll curve are used for affecting the forces in accordance with the desired paper winding characteristic reference variable, such as winding tightness. Then, the measured values are used together with the empirical values.

A method and a device of a pre-printed web is known from DE 19 66,795 A1. In connection with a roll change a web tension is reduced at least temporarily, for example for assuring a correct alignment of the lines in the renewed printing of the web.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is directed to providing a method and a device for regulating a web tension.

In accordance with the present invention, this object is attained by regulating the tension in a web passing through a processing machine. Interferences occurring during processing, and affecting the web tension, are compensated for by a regulating device. The web tension is maintained at a reference value or within a permissible range. This reference value may be reduced temporarily with respect to an actually existing reference value. This change in reference value counteracts an interference which affects the web tension.

The advantages which can be attained with the present invention consist, in particular, in that by the use of a pre-control or a pre-regulation, it is possible to reduce the expected effects on the printing process in the course of a foreseeable interference, such as, in particular a roll change, and therefore to minimize the amount of resultant waste. The regulation takes place chronologically shortly prior to, or at the start of the interference with an affected unit, not after the occurrence of a negative effect. By this method it is possible to reduce a long settling time, as well as to reduce the danger of a web tear. The reduction, or the removal of the effect of a foreseeable interference therefore anticipates the interference itself, or takes place simultaneously with the buildup of the interference, without having to rely on retroactively determined measured values. In a further development, it is possible, in accordance with the present invention, to additionally refer to measured values of the web tension. This can be advantageous for optimization and/or for a self-optimizing or learning system.

In connection with interferences occurring in the course of changing webs of material to be imprinted, or of their rolls, in particular, it is possible to counteract those interferences with the aid of the tension regulation of the present invention, and the resultant waste can be minimized. This regulation of web tension is achieved, in an advantageous embodiment, in that a pre-regulation or a pre-control of drive mechanisms or of adjusting elements, in view of the expected changes in the web tension, takes place during the gluing, the cut-off of the “old” web, or the entry into the printing press of the start of a fresh web which is to be imprinted.

By the use of the pre-regulation or of the pre-control of the subject invention, the response times of a regulating device, which is operated “retrospectively” during the production in a cause-effect-countermeasures mode, and/or the response time or the asymptotic approach to the reference variable, are clearly reduced. An elaborate color registration, for compensating for a negative result of the roll change, can be omitted. In connection with one preferred embodiment, the tension at the draw-in unit is preferably reduced by a predeterminable value, and in another preferred embodiment the tension is reduced to a predeterminable value.

If a web tension regulating device, for the running operation of the printing press, already exists, it is advantageous to add an offset to the reference variable of the web tension regulation at the draw-in unit. This offset can be overlaid on the reference variable at the draw-in unit as either a one-time value, in the form of discrete steps, or as a continuous function within a time interval. In a further development of the present invention, the time interval can be preset, for example as a function of the running time of the glue spot from the roll changer to the hopper inlet, i.e. as a function of the production speed or the number of revolutions, and possibly as a function of the path. In another preferred embodiment, the offset, or the reduction is entered without a ramp, in the form of a stepped function, at the relevant time.

If there is no regulating device operating automatically during production, the actuator drives, or the individual drive mechanisms can undergo a correction, for example by the use of an appropriate actuating command, at the occurrence of the interference, or in the run-up stage of the occurrence of the interference, for example at the entry of the fresh web start into the printing press, in order to minimize or to compensate for the expected error.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are represented in the drawings and will be described in greater detail in what follows.

Shown are in:

FIG. 1, a schematic representation of a rotary printing press with web tension regulation in accordance with the present invention, in

FIG. 2, a schematic representation of the chronological progression of a tension occurring without application of the method of the present invention, in

FIG. 3, a schematic representation of a first preferred embodiment of the chronological progression of the change of a reference variable for the regulation of the tension, in

FIG. 4, a schematic representation of a second preferred embodiment of the chronological progression of the change of a reference variable for the regulation of the tension, and in

FIG. 5, a schematic representation of a third preferred embodiment of the chronological progression of the change of a reference variable for the regulation of the tension of a web, all in accordance with the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

A processing machine, for example a web-fed rotary printing press, has several processing steps, or processing units, located along the path of travel of a web 01, for example a web 01 to be imprinted, in particular a paper web 01, which web 01 is moving in the web transport direction T.

For a web-fed rotary printing press, as schematically represented in FIG. 1, these processing steps or units can be, for example, a roll changer 02, a web draw-in unit 03, one or several printing units 04, 06, a traction roller 07, a longitudinal cutting device 08, if desired, turning devices 09 and registration devices 11 such as, for example, a linear registration roller 11, a further traction roller 12, for example in the form of a so-called hopper inlet roller 12, as well as formers 13 and a folding unit 14 with transverse cutting devices, which are not specifically represented. In addition to this, further, non-represented processing steps or units, such as a varnishing unit, dryer, etc can be arranged in the processing machine.

Each printing unit 04, 06 has one or more printing groups 16, 17, 18, 19, for example double printing groups 16, 17, 18, 19 which are usable for imprinting on both sides of web 01, wherein the printing groups 16, 17, 18, 19 can be arranged side by side or also on top of each other. If several printing units 04, 06 are provided, these several printing units 04, 06 can also be arranged next to, or on top of each other, with a resultant horizontal or vertical path of the web 01.

The web 01 is unwound from the roll changer 02 and passes through the printing groups 16, 17, 18, 19, which print the web 01 sequentially, for example which print four times on the same side of the web 01.

In order to maintain the congruence of the pages during multiple printing, or to maintain the registration of the web during printing on both sides, and to maintain the cutting registration when combining several webs 01, 01′, or partial webs 01, 01′, and during transverse cutting, the maintenance of the congruence or of the registration can be checked at one or at several locations along the path of the web 01. For fully automatic printing presses, this checking takes place, for example, by the measuring of the position of marks which are applied by the printing groups 16, 17, 18, 19, or of print images, by the use of a sensor, which is not specifically represented. In this case, the signals from the sensor are supplied to a control unit, also not specifically represented, for correcting the registered deviations in congruence or registration. Actuating devices such as, for example, linear registration rollers, angle of rotation positions, etc., are actuated to correct these register deviations.

As a rule, changes in web tension are detected at one location or at several locations along the path of travel of the web 01 by the use of measuring rollers, such as the measuring roller 21 shown, by way of example, downstream of the last printing group 19, or in any other suitable way. These changes in web tension are processed in a regulating unit 22 and are, in case of a deviation from a reference variable or a permissible range, the web tension is returned to these reference variables. For example, the tension S1 downstream of the last printing group 19 is detected at the measuring roller 21, is processed in the regulating unit 22, and a signal for maintaining the desired tension S1 is sent to the drive mechanism of the traction roller 07 and/or to the draw-in unit 03. A tension S0 upstream of the first printing group 16, in particular, determines the level of all of the web tensions along the path of the web 01 up to the entry into the hopper, and this tension is regulated via the draw-in unit 03, for example.

In case of a measured, already occurring deviation of an actual value of the tension from the reference variable, a regulation principle operating “retrospectively” returns the actual value of the tension to the desired reference variable by triggering drive mechanisms or actuating mechanisms. Such a regulating principle is employed, for example, during “normal” continued printing without large fluctuations in the conditions. This regulating principle therefore reacts to already occurred and registered changes in web tension.

The causes of interferences, and the changes resulting in the web tension therefrom, can be many. For example, changes in the printing press state, such as accelerations, changes of values in the printing process, such as changes in dampening agent and in ink supply, changes in contact pressures, changes in the properties of the web 01, such as the tension-stretching behavior, the thickness, the moisture absorption of the web, etc can all affect web tension.

A roll change, and the course of a resultant connection 26 between an old web and a fresh web 01, in particular a connection in the form of a glue spot 26, through the printing press, represents a substantial, but also a foreseeable interference with web tension. In comparison with the thickness of the single web 01, the glue spot 26 has a greater thickness, possibly also with the addition of an adhesive tape or of an adhesive, and has elastic properties which are different from the web 01. In addition, the old web and the fresh web 01 can also have different properties, such as different moisture, winding tightness and/or tension-stretching characteristics.

In the course of their entry into the printing press, these interferences, in particular the last mentioned interference, cause a large change in the tension of the web 01 and in the registration errors connected therewith. Registration errors caused by a roll change between the printing groups 16, 17, 18, 19 cannot be compensated for at all, or only by the use of elaborate techniques, by the above-mentioned registration regulation.

The method for web tension regulation in accordance with the present invention now provides a counteraction to the imminent changes in the web tension S0, S1 in a method wherein a preset reference variable S0-soll, S1-soll is changed, and in particular is reduced. In a first example, the reference variable S0-soll, S1-soll is reduced by a definite amount A S-soll, and in a second example is reduced, at least temporarily, to a predeterminable reference variable S0-fix, S1-fix. In a preferred embodiment, both reductions are accomplished by the reduction of the reference variable S0-soll of the web tension S0 upstream of the first printing group 16 by use of the draw-in unit 03.

FIG. 2 schematically shows a chronological progression of for example, the tension S1 without the present method being utilized. As soon as the glue spot 26 passes through the draw-in unit 03, a steep rise of the tension S1 starts, and progresses as far as the entry of the glue spot 26 into the hopper inlet. The same progression applies for the course of the tension S0, but is chronologically offset slightly toward the “front”, i.e. to the left in FIG. 2. Thereafter, the tension S1 is on a level which is increased by an amount ΔDelta]S1 and decreases only slowly. The increased levels of the tensions S0, S1, etc., deviating, in particular, with a large amplitude from the reference variable S0-soll, S1-soll, causes registration errors between the printing groups 16 to 19 because of the change in the stretching behavior of the web 01.

Now, in a first preferred exemplary] embodiment of the present invention, as depicted in FIG. 3, these registration errors are avoided, or are reduced, in that the reference variable S0-soll of the web tension S0 is reduced by the amount A S-soll. This predetermined amount A S-soll can advantageously be changed and corresponds, for example, to a mean empirical value of the expected increase, without an appropriate reduction, of the tension S0 by the amount A S0. In particular, the amount A S0 can be selected in such a way that after the reduction of the tension S0 resulting from the change of the reference variable S0-soll, the tension S0 initially swings below the original reference variable S0-soll, S1-soll and, following a pass through of the interference, the reference variable S0-soll, S1-soll, swings above the reference variable S0-soll, S1-soll, wherein the respective absolute deviation at the minimum or maximum from the original reference variable S0-soll, S1-soll is considerable in contrast to the resulting deviation without the reduction. The tension S0, S1 fluctuates with a clearly reduced amplitude around the original reference variable S0-soll, S1-soll. This amount ΔS-soll can be stored, for example, in a memory unit 23 or determined in a computing unit 23 which is depicted in FIG. 1. In the case where the changes in the tensions S0 and S1 are of the same size, this size can correspond to the amount A S1, represented only as an example of the tension S1 in FIG. 2 or, as described above, to a portion of this amount ΔS1. However, it can also be determined by a chronological progression of the tension S0 corresponding to FIG. 2, or in other ways, for example by tests.

The chronological progression of the reference variable S0-soll is schematically applied in FIG. 3, parallel with the tension S0 or S1 shown in FIG. 2. In the course of the passage of the glue spot 26 through the draw-in unit 03, or slightly prior to that passage and in particular shortly before the actuation of a severing blade, or at that time at the latest, the reference variable S0-soll is reduced. This can take place in a single step, or can take place continuously, for example in the form of a ramp, or can take place in several stages, as represented in FIG. 3. In the present embodiment, as depicted in FIG. 3, the reference variable S0-soll is not reduced in one step, but is reduced in a plurality of steps during a time interval Δt, which time interval can be determined from empirical values, or in particular from the running time of the web 01 from the draw-in unit 03 to the hopper inlet roller 12. In one embodiment, the reference variable S0-soll, reduced in the end by the amount ΔS-soll, can be maintained over a time interval Δt′, as seen in FIG. 3, past the time of the maximum of the tension S1, as seen in FIG. 2, which would be expected without the reduction, before the reference variable S0-soll is returned, either in one step, or continuously, or in a plurality of smaller steps, back to the reference variable S0-soll desired for the printing press status. The “normal” tension regulation, if provided, then again takes over the regulation of the tensions S0, S1 and is responsible for this regulation.

In a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, as depicted in FIG. 4, the reference variable S0-soll is not reduced by a fixed amount ΔS-soll, but is temporarily reduced to a fixed new value S0-fix, which can be predetermined and/or changed. For example, by use means] of this method, it can be assured that the tension S0 upstream of the printing unit 04 does not drop so far that the tension S1 downstream of the printing unit 04 falls into a range which is critical for the web run, for example below 8 daN/m.

The chronological progression of the reference variable S0-soll is represented in FIG. 4, which reference variable initially remains at a constant level. Now, in the course of the occurrence of a foreseeable interference, in particular of a roll change, this reference variable S0-soll is purposely reduced to a fixed value S0-fix. As previously mentioned, the reduction of the reference variable can, in principle, take place at any arbitrary, but fixed, time in relation to the time of the roll change and is triggered by various signals provided to the control/regulation of the printing press, or also by measured signals.

However, it is advantageous if the reduction of the reference variable takes place no later than the occurrence of the interference, but preferably takes place shortly prior to the interference. In the case of the flying roll change considered, the web tension effecting interference occurs with the gluing of the fresh web 01 to the old web 01 and with the almost simultaneous cutoff of the old web 01. In an advantageous embodiment, this time t_K of web gluing and/or cutting constitutes the reference point for reducing the reference variable S0-soll of the tension S0 upstream of the printing unit 04 by operation of the web draw-in unit 03.

Although the reduction in web tension, in accordance with the example depicted in FIG. 4, is tied to the gluing process, such as the activation of the gluing roller and/or activation of the severing blade, it does not have to take place at the time t_K of the triggering of the gluing roller and/or the severing blade, but can take place earlier while expecting such gluing and/or cutting. As represented in FIG. 4 by use of the time interval Δt_K, reducing the reference variable S0-soll takes place at a fixed, but at a settable chronological distance prior to the time t_K of the gluing and/or cutting. For example, the time interval lies between 50 and 400 ms, and in particular lies between 50 and 250 ms. Matching and optimizing of the above mentioned “back swing” to the printing press and the path of the paper can take place by the selection of the time interval Δt_K.

Since the time for reducing the reference variable S0-soll lies prior to the actual time t_K for the gluing/cutting, it is advantageous to tie the time for the reduction of the reference variable to information regarding the printing press state or to measured values, by which the time t_K for gluing/cutting is also determined. For example, this can be a known diameter of the old roll to be changed. The time for the reduction of the reference variable can also be correlated in relation with a process which has a defined chronological connection with the gluing/cutting. Such a process is, for example, the bringing of a gluing frame into position, i.e. a time ts of the signal for pivoting. Such a time lies, for example, between 100 to 500 ms prior to the time t_K for gluing/cutting, so that the time for the reduction lies approximately 50 to 450 ms after the time ts for pivoting. The reduction can be tied, for example, to a defined roll diameter, for example 130 mm, and to the gluing/cutting tied to a roll diameter of 125 mm. The distance between the two values used can also be correlated with the instantaneous production speed, or with a number of revolutions, for example linearly.

The predetermination of the reference variable, i.e. the reference variable S0-soll, is now reduced to S0-fix, for example without a chronological ramp in one step, and remains there for a constant, but a predeterminable time interval Δt1. Subsequently, the reference variable S0-soll is raised along a ramp, or possibly also along a step function, within a time interval Δt2 back to the original reference variable S0-soll. The time intervals Δt1 and Δt2 have, for example, been selected to be on the same order of magnitude, for example 0.5*Δt1≦Δt2≦2.0*Δt1. However, in principle it is also possible to perform the reduction in steps or along a steep ramp, for example.

If a different basic level of the tensions S0, S1 of the web 01 is desired for a different production-for example for a different web course, or a different sequence of the web 01 at the hopper inlet, the reference variable S0-soll′ initially lies, as represented in the example of FIG. 4 by the depiction of a lower reference variable S0-soll′, at this reference variable S0-soll′ before it is also reduced to the fixed value S0-fix in order to be returned afterwards, after the time interval A t1, to its original reference variable S0-soll′ within the time Δt2.

An example of a possible control circuit for regulating the tension S0 is schematically integrated in FIG. 1. In a conventional control circuit, the regulating unit 22 makes sure that the tensions S0, S1 are each maintained at the desired reference variable S0-soll, S1-soll. For this purpose, actual values S0-ist, S1-ist are provided as input values, are compared with the reference variables S0-soll, S1-soll, and appropriate drive mechanisms are set by the use of appropriate output values. For example, the reference variables S0-soll, S1-soll can be provided by a printing press control device 24, or can be formed in the regulating unit 22 itself from values g, which values g define the printing press status, in the regulating unit 22.

During a roll change, for example at the time of connecting of the webs, at the time of severing the “old” web 01, during the passage of the glue spot 26 through the draw-in unit 03, or at a time interval Δt_K relative to one of these times, an amount ΔS-soll made available by the memory or by the computing unit 23 in the first preferred embodiment, is added as a negative “offset”, for example as a step function, to the reference variable S0-soll and is maintained during the time interval Δt′, for example, after the end value has been reached. In the second preferred embodiment, the reference variable S0-soll is decreased to the value S0-fix in order to maintain it there over the time interval Δt, and subsequently to return it to its original value along a ramp. Once the interruption has ended, i.e. once the glue spot 26 is at the former 13, or the additional time interval Δt′ or the time interval Δt2 has passed, regulation is again left to the “normal” tension control device with the predetermined reference variables S0-soll, S1-soll, etc.

In a further development of the present invention, the memory or computing unit 23 is additionally provided with, in addition to information regarding the material, for example the type of paper and the web width, substantial values g, which affect the properties or the behavior of the web 01, from the printing process, the printing press status and/or the web conveyance, such as, for example, the supply of dampening agent and/or ink, the actual web tensions, contact pressures, speed, temperatures, accelerations and/or the course of the web 01. In the first preferred embodiment, it is possible to select the suitable temporary correction of the reference variable S0-soll by the amount ΔS0 for the tension S0, or to calculate it, or to determine the optimized chronological progressions, times and time intervals Δt, ΔT1, Δt2, Δt′, for the appropriate production in the two preferred embodiments.

It is also advantageous if data regarding the amounts ΔS0 and/or ΔS-soll, which were determined in the past, as well as determining in the present circumstances, are stored in the memory or the computing unit 23. Together with the regulating unit 22, in a further development such a memory or a computing unit 23 can then be embodied as a self-learning system and can optimize the regulating process performed for the roll change ahead of time or at least simultaneously. In the ideal case, no correction of the tensions S0, S1 need to be performed after the amount ΔS-soll has been completely returned, so that it can be used as a measure for the quality achieved by use of the correction.

Any other suitable method can also be applied for triggering the reduction of the reference variable S0-soll. It is thus possible, for example, to determine the time, by the detection of the steep flank, of one of the tensions S0, S1, or a visually detected passage of the glue spot 26 at a defined location, or the definition of a time relative to the roll change within the scope of a program of the printing press regulation. However, it is important that, for counteracting the interference, the reference variable for the tension is definitely changed, at least temporarily, and not only after the extent of the negative interference has been determined.

In contrast to the second preferred embodiment, in a third preferred embodiment, the reference variable S0-soll is returned to the original reference variable S0-soll, or a new fixed reference value S0-soll′ from the fixed value S0-fix not along a predetermined ramp, but on the basis of a measurement of the tension S1, S0. In particular, the tension S1 downstream of the last printing unit 19 may be measured, for example, by the measuring roller 21. A new fixed reference variable S0-soll′ can be necessary, for example, if the paper type, i.e. if the basic properties of the paper, are also to be changed during the roll change. This information can then be taken from the printing press control, for example, and can be taken into consideration for the uninterrupted operation when forming the reference variable S0-soll, S1-soll, S0-soll′.

The return can be based, for example, on a continuous or on discontinuous measured value pick-up wherein, however, a reference variable S0-soll_m, which is valid for the next time interval m, is determined in defined, possibly selectable, time intervals Δt_m by use of the measured value, and is supplied to the regulating device. A stepped return of the reference variable S0-soll resulting from this is represented, by way of example, in FIG. 5. However, the return to the original reference variable S0-soll or to a new fixed reference variable S0-soll′ can also be determined in another way by use of the measured values S1-ist and can be preset. Thus it is possible, for example, to determine a slope of partial ramps in sections from two or from several measured values, wherein then the ramp represented in FIG. 4 can have different slopes in sections as a function of the measured values.

The determination and the regulation of the reference variables S0-soll_m, or of the sectionally determined slopes can be provided from the measurements in an advantageous embodiment for example by the use of a fuzzy regulation, and in a simpler embodiment, by the use of a PID controller.

It is basically possible, in accordance with the present invention, to combine the procedures of the three above discussed examples. For example, a reduction of web tension, in accordance with example one, and a return of web tension, in accordance with example three, can take place. In all three examples, it is also possible to provide predetermined ramps, possibly changeable ones, for the reduction. The return from the third example can be applied to the second example. In the same way, the reduction by a defined amount ΔS-soll can also be transferred to examples two and three, while the reduction to a defined fixed value S0-fix can be transferred to example one.

While preferred embodiments of a method and device for controlling the tension of a web, in accordance with the present invention, have been set forth fully and completely hereinabove, it will be apparent to one of skill in the art that various changes in, for example the type of web being printed, the drives for the printing units and the like could be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present invention which is accordingly to be limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1-32. (canceled)

33. A method for regulating a tension of a web of material passing through a processing machine including: providing a regulating device; using said regulating device for controlling said web tension; maintaining said web tension at an actual, existing reference variable; sensing a web tension affecting interference during processing of said web in said processing machine; providing a selected reference value for said web tension; providing a time based, predetermined function in response to said sensed web tension affected interference; supplying said predetermined function to said regulating device; and using said regulating device for selectively reducing said selected reference value at least temporarily below said actual existing reference value and returning said reference value to said actual existing reference value.

34. A method for regulating a tension of a web of material passing through a processing machine including: providing a regulating device; using said regulating device for controlling said web tension; maintaining said web tension at an actual existing reference variable; sensing a web tension affecting interference during processing of said web in said processing machine; providing a selected reference value for said web tension; using said regulating device for selectively reducing said selected reference value at least temporarily below said actual existing reference value; measuring tensions in said web and; using said regulating device for returning said selected reference variable to said actual existing reference variable using said measured values of said tensions in said web.

35. A method for regulating a tension of a web of material passing through a printing machine including: providing a reference variable of a tension of said web of material; sensing a web tension affecting interference during processing of said web in said processing machine; providing a time based, predetermined function in response to said sensed web tension affecting interference; and selectively changing and reducing said reference variable on the basis of said time based function.

36. The method of claim 33 further including reducing said selected reference variable to a fixed value.

37. The method of claim 34 further including reducing said selected reference variable to a fixed value.

38. The method of claim 33 further including reducing said selected reference variable a predetermined amount in respect to said actually existing reference variable.

39. The method of claim 34 further including reducing said selected reference variable a predetermined amount in respect to said actually existing reference variable.

40. The method of claim 33 further including providing a memory unit and using said memory unit for storing at least one value of an amount of change of said reference variable.

41. The method of claim 34 further including providing a memory unit and using said memory unit for storing at least one value of an amount of change of said reference variable.

42. The method of claim 35 further including providing a memory unit and using said memory unit for storing at least one value of an amount of change of said reference variable.

43. The method of claim 33 further including providing a memory unit and using said memory unit for storing at least one correlation for determining a change of said reference variable.

44. The method of claim 34 further including providing a memory unit and using said memory unit for storing at least one correlation for determining a change of said reference variable.

45. The method of claim 35 further including providing a memory unit and using said memory unit for storing at least one correlation for determining a change of said reference variable.

46. The method of claim 33 further including maintaining said reference value as said selected reference variable for a constant time interval.

47. The method of claim 34 further including maintaining said reference value as said selected reference variable for a constant time interval.

48. The method of claim 35 further including maintaining said reference value as said selected reference variable for a constant time interval.

49. The method of claim 33 further including reducing said reference variable in one step.

50. The method of claim 34 further including reducing said reference variable in one step.

51. The method of claim 35 further including reducing said reference variable in one step.

52. The method of claim 40 further including reducing said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

53. The method of claim 41 further including reducing said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

54. The method of claim 42 further including reducing said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

55. The method of claim 35 further including providing a regulating device and using said regulating device for maintaining said web tension as said reference variable.

56. The method of claim 33 further including changing said reference variable during one of run-up of said interference or during said interference.

57. The method of claim 34 further including changing said reference variable during one of run-up of said interference or during said interference.

58. The method of claim 35 further including changing said reference variable during one of run-up of said interference or during said interference.

59. The method of claim 33 further including performing a roll change for causing said interference.

60. The method of claim 34 further including performing a roll change for causing said interference.

61. The method of claim 35 further including performing a roll change for causing said interference.

62. The method of claim 33 further including connecting an old web and a new web and using said connecting for changing said reference variable.

63. The method of claim 34 further including connecting an old web and a new web and using said connecting for changing said reference variable.

64. The method of claim 35 further including connecting an old web and a new web and using said connecting for changing said reference variable.

65. The method of claim 38 further including selecting said predetermined amount for counteracting an expected change in said web tension.

66. The method of claim 39 further including connecting an old web and a new web and using said connection for changing said reference variable.

67. The method of claim 33 further including providing a first printing unit in said processing machine and altering said reference variable of said web tension before, in a transport direction of said web, said first printing unit.

68. The method of claim 34 further including providing a first printing unit in said processing machine and altering said reference variable of said web tension before, in a transport direction of said web, said first printing unit.

69. The method of claim 35 further including providing a first printing unit in said processing machine and altering said reference variable of said web tension before, in a transport direction of said web, said first printing unit.

70. The method of claim 67 further including providing a web draw-in unit and using said web draw-in unit for changing said reference variable.

71. The method of claim 68 further including providing a web draw-in unit and using said web draw-in unit for changing said reference variable.

72. The method of claim 69 further including providing a web draw-in unit and using said web draw-in unit for changing said reference variable.

73. The method of claim 67 further including connecting a new web and an old web and changing said reference value during said connection.

74. The method of claim 68 further including connecting a new web and an old web and changing said reference value during said connection.

75. The method of claim 69 further including connecting a new web and an old. web and changing said reference value during said connection.

76. The method of claim 67 further including providing a web connection and changing said reference variable at least during a passage of said connection before, in said transport direction a last clamping point located before said first printing unit.

77. The method of claim 68 further including providing a web connection and changing said reference variable at least during a passage of said connection before, in said transport direction a last clamping point located before said first printing unit.

78. The method of claim 69 further including providing a web connection and changing said reference variable at least during a passage of said connection before, in said transport direction a last clamping point located before said first printing unit.

79. The method of claim 33 further including changing said reference variable and maintaining said changed reference variable for a time interval.

80. The method of claim 34 further including changing said reference variable and maintaining said changed reference variable for a time interval.

81. The method of claim 35 further including changing said reference variable and maintaining said changed reference variable for a time interval.

82. The method of claim 79 further including returning said reference variable to said actual existing reference variable after said time interval.

83. The method of claim 80 further including returning said reference variable to said actual existing reference variable after said time interval.

84. The method of claim 81 further including returning said reference variable to said actual existing reference variable after said time interval.

85. The method of claim 79 further including returning said reference variable to a new constant reference variable different from said actual existing reference variable after said time interval.

86. The method of claim 80 further including returning said reference variable to a new constant reference variable different from said actual existing reference variable after said time interval.

87. The method of claim 81 further including returning said reference variable to a new constant reference variable different from said actual existing reference variable after said time interval.

88. The method of claim 82 further including using a time function for returning said reference variable.

89. The method of claim 83 further including using a time function for returning said reference variable.

90. The method of claim 84 further including using a time function for returning said reference variable.

91. The method of claim 85 further including using a time function for returning said reference variable.

92. The method of claim 86 further including using a time function for returning said reference variable.

93. The method of claim 87 further including using a time function for returning said reference variable.

94. The method of claim 82 further including using measure values of said tension for returning said reference variable.

95. The method of claim 83 further including using measure values of said tension for returning said reference variable.

96. The method of claim 84 further including using measure values of said tension for returning said reference variable.

97. The method of claim 85 further including using measure values of said tension for returning said reference variable.

98. The method of claim 86 further including using measure values of said tension for returning said reference variable.

99. The method of claim 87 further including using measure values of said tension for returning said reference variable.

100. The method of claim 88 further including returning said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

101. The method of claim 89 further including returning said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

102. The method of claim 90 further including returning said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

103. The method of claim 91 further including returning said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

104. The method of claim 92 further including returning said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

105. The method of claim 93 further including returning said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

106. The method of claim 94 further including returning said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

107. The method of claim 95 further including returning said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

108. The method of claim 96 further including returning said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

109. The method of claim 97 further including returning said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

110. The method of claim 98 further including returning said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

111. The method of claim 99 further including returning said reference variable discontinuously in time intervals.

112. The method of claim 88 further including returning said reference variable continuously using at least one sectionally defined chronological connection.

113. The method of claim 89 further including returning said reference variable continuously using at least one sectionally defined chronological connection.

114. The method of claim 90 further including returning said reference variable continuously using at least one sectionally defined chronological connection.

115. The method of claim 91 further including returning said reference variable continuously using at least one sectionally defined chronological connection.

116. The method of claim 92 further including returning said reference variable continuously using at least one sectionally defined chronological connection.

117. The method of claim 93 further including returning said reference variable continuously using at least one sectionally defined chronological connection.

118. The method of claim 94 further including returning said reference variable continuously using at least one sectionally defined chronological connection.

119. The method of claim 95 further including returning said reference variable continuously using at least one sectionally defined chronological connection.

120. The method of claim 96 further including returning said reference variable continuously using at least one sectionally defined chronological connection.

121. The method of claim 97 further including returning said reference variable continuously using at least one sectionally defined chronological connection.

122. The method of claim 98 further including returning said reference variable continuously using at least one sectionally defined chronological connection.

123. The method of claim 99 further including returning said reference variable continuously using at least one sectionally defined chronological connection.

124. A device for regulation of tension in a web of material passing through a processing machine comprising: a regulating device adapted to maintain tension in a web at a reference variable; means for sensing an actual existing reference variable of a tension in a web; means for sensing a web tension varying interference in the web; means for storing at least one correlation for determining a change in said reference variable in response to the sensing of said tension varying interference; and means for reducing said actual existing reference variable to said reference variable to counteract said interference.

125. The device of claim 124 wherein said reference variable is reduced by a predetermined value with respect to said actually existing reference variable.