METHOD AND DEVICES FOR FORESTATION AND FLOOD PREVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] This invention relates to a method and system for improving the global environment.

[0002] People are increasingly aware of the changes in the global weather pattern from that of the past. Pollution of the environment is worsen with the annual ever increasing demands for more crude oil and the creation of industrial acid fluid wastes. People in Canada and other parts of North America are warned to stay out of the mid day sun in the summer to avoid being harm by the high level of UV ray passing through the hole in the ozone layer. Economists have long warned that the world economy is on a deteriorating track; nonetheless, in combating poverty and in seeking for affluence or better health care, changes must be made to restrict the source of pollution. Yet, in fact, in order to eliminate millions from dying of starvation in the present economic and monetary system, people around the world would have to suffer from more pollution. This is evident by the diminishing amount of forest world wide. When viewing a documentary showing how a hundred year old tree could be fell within several short minutes, one could not help but to shudder at the power of the almighty dollar driving man to destroy the environment in such a reckless manner to obtain more monetary gain. Some effort has been spent in re-forestation in which seedlings are carried in bags by people climbing up a mountain side to plant them; however, it takes many years for a tree to grow to maturity from a seedling. A land that is not protected by trees is subject to soil erosion. The eroded soil eventually ends in rivers to cause water blockages which in turn cause flooding; and flooding causes yet more soil erosion and more blockages in the river. Often, in flood, water would bypass hydro dams to seek for faster routes to flow out to the sea or lake, and it carries with it the soil and invariably the soil protective plant and grass, thus the water source is depleted in an even more faster rate. Thus, flood occurs more frequently and more seriously world wide. Drought may follow after a flood, because the land after the flood would lose its water retaining property due to leaching by the flood water. The leached soil is not suitable for plant growth either by natural means or by manual planting; and rain water, if any, subsequently falling on such soil would simply run off quickly to result in that the water levels in the lakes and rivers are abnormally low during the drought, or are overflowing by the excessive amount of water flowing into them swiftly during the flood. Such phenomenon is lamented by fishermen due to the loss of the fish stock. Rivers and streams are similar to the heart and arteries of a human body, their blockage has serious consequences. Medicine corrects an artery blockage by using an artery expansion balloon, or by bypass surgery conducted with a vein removed from another part of the body, or reviving the heart with a defibrilator, similarly science and engineering must cure the defects of the earth with new planting methods to prevent flood, drought, soil erosion and water run off. This is the most important object of the present invention. God created the earth. River and stream are the result of the accumulation of droplets of water from rain. Modern engineering may provide advanced techniques but it often lacks diligence. It tends to solve a defect by correcting the defect per se rather than curing its cause. The present invention provides the combination of plastic bags with the soil and sand world wide for preventing the soil erosion due to wind or flood. It provides a method of creating a soft or flexible brick which eliminates the deficiencies in the common use of steel reinforcement, concrete, rock, clay brick, and fire baked brick for such purposes. With the stabilization of the soil and sand that are not affected by flood or drought, vegetation planting can be effectively carried out. The vegetation would, in turn, improve the soil; and it would flourish with roots growing deeper into the soil as well as providing richer foliage to shading the ground so as to improve further its water retaining property. Due to the differences in the amount of rainfall, ground and soil formation, and factors in the working environment, the following various methods are provided by the present invention to achieve these purposes:

[0003] (1) Device with dripping water supply: In a windy area, a tent-like protective plastic shield or housing is firmly anchored on the ground with sand piles. The housing creates a rain forest environment within it while providing the air required for growing a tree in such a protected environment. After the tree has grown to maturity and is capable of withstanding the severe environment outside of the housing, the tree would inherently break the latter. The grown tree would subsequently provide shading and protection to the sand and soil it grows on.

[0004] (2) For dry land in a semi-desert area, seeds and tree seedlings are grown in deep trenches provided with necessary lighting. Thus, they are not affected by the wind and the hot baking sun on the ground surface, and the vegetation grows and flourishes in the humid and still air environment deep in the trenches. This method also inherently resolves the common problem of the inability to achieve deep root growth of the seedling in a desert area.

[0005] (3) Another method is placing healthy tree stocks or seedlings in a bullet or bomb or bullet head for planting. A helicopter is used for carrying out such rapid planting even in areas inaccessible by land means such as up on steep mountains, and areas inhabited by ferocious animals or poisonous creatures. With the present invention of the century of the unique planting method, forestation may be carried out in any area throughout the world such that in the future a photograph of the globe taken from the outer space would show a much greener world.

[0006] I remember before I was of the age to enter primary school, there was a pail of sand in front of every household, which was intended for extinguishing fire in the event of an air attack by enemy airplanes. My nephew and I threw some seeds of fruit which we had consumed, into such pail of sand; and to our surprise, after several rainfalls, some of the seeds sprouted and grew into seedlings. I realized then that plants could grow on sand when it has water. Also, my sister told me that there were many deserts throughout the world which could not be cultivated for vegetation because of the lack of water and their extremely hot weather condition; and one might die from heat exhaustion by walking through a desert. I then realized the hard life that people living in or around a desert must endure; and I admired their perseverance under such hard environment. In my tender age, I wished I could help them in some way to overcome such hardship. Another event that prompted me to think further about this matter was that, during the hot summer weather, people needed pails to carry water from wells and rivers to their homes. Some farmers could not afford to purchase water pails since they were unable to grow rice to earn money due to the lack of rain in the summer season. I thought the solution would be to build a casino to earn the money required. When a casino is situated in the desert, roads would be built to reach it, then people may go through the desert in the roads. It has been 58 years since then. Now, there are homes, casinos, and hospitals built in cities in forested areas located in a desert.

[0007] The deterioration of the global weather is largely due to the negative effect of the ever increasing demands for advanced living standard by human. The global greenhouse effect has now already caused a variety of natural disasters to occur. This is mainly due to the build up of large amount of carbon dioxide gas created in the atmosphere, which causes the adverse changes in the global weather. Human has not yet invented a tall enough tower with escalator so that bags of carbon may be carried out into the universe for disposal. We rely mainly on strong trees to absorb the carbon dioxide gas from the atmosphere. However, the global economy is more in favor to big corporations making huge earnings by cutting down trees rather than in planting more trees. With the increasing number of automobiles and the decreasing number of healthy trees, green forested areas are diminishing in all countries around the world. This is particularly true in the poorer countries, but it is still not much better in the richer countries. With the ever increasing size of the hole in the ozone layer and the more frequent occurrence of natural disasters, it is ever more urgent to utilize the sand and soil diligently according to the present invention to cultivate for more healthy trees.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0008] 1. The invention begins by studying and solving the most difficult problem in the forestation of the desert. The most difficult problem with sand is that there is no cohesion in the particles in sand, for this reason, it is easily scattered by wind. Thus, it is difficult to cultivate vegetation in sand. An attempt has been made in the Middle East to spray a thin layer of crude oil on sand to increase its cohesion so as facilitate cultivation; however, it has not been proven to be feasible. The present invention utilizes the readily available sand in the desert and vacuum filling it in bags formed by automation, which consist of two flexible plastic sheets. The basic material includes a mixture of sand and soil, yellow soil, red soil, clay soil, and fine gravel etc., rather than using the expensive common molded clay brick, rock, and fire baked clay brick. The basic material may be taken from the desert without requiring further effort in searching for any particular chemical ingredient, size, cohesion or retraction. It is not necessary to build a factory at the site or use precious natural resources such as coal and mine in the process that would create pollution to the environment All that is necessary, is a farming cultivating machine or tractor, separating large size rocks from the finer sand and soil, a back hoe machine, and the formation of flexible plastic tubes or bags of various shapes. The basic principle of the present invention is to utilize only the natural material from the earth to cure its sickness. The unique flexible bricks of the present invention may be provided in various shapes and sizes as shown in FIGS. 5, 5B, 5C and 5D, depending on the functions required. For example, elongated flexible bricks of different sizes are used for constructing barrier walls for a long distance in a desert. The flexible bricks may be fabricated in a continuous process on site with the fabricating machine driving behind the cultivator or tractor which disposes of unsuitable large size rocks along the path. The vacuum device on the fabricating machine extracts air from the flexible bricks while they are being formed so as to form a vacuum pack. The lifting device in the fabricating machine delivers the flexible bricks along the two sides of the path as well as piling them to a desired height to form barrier or retaining walls. With the fabricating machine and the cultivator driving in such tandem manner, barrier walls such as wind barrier walls may be conveniently and quickly built anywhere in the desert. The method may also be used for installing dikes along a river such as the Yangsi River in China which is prone to flooding. As shown in FIG. 5. The flexibility of the flexible brick of the present invention, facilitates flexible dikes to be built, which can migrate between high tide and low tide to maintain their flood prevention function. A barrier may also be built with such bricks across a river such as the Yellow River in China to form dams and lakes for saving water and separating the sediment from the water. No reinforcing steel or concrete foundation is required in building the walls and dikes with the present unique brick since it is desirable to have the flexibility characteristics.

[0009] The brick is conducive for grass root growth and for use by farmers, and it has the advantage that it may be installed freely and easily at any location, such as along the banks of a river or stream to prevent water erosion. Thus, the fabricating machine of the present invention as best shown in FIG. I may be used to build dams, flood dikes, islands in shallow beaches, or retaining walls along a sea shore. Leakage or sand and water from the bag is prevented by a plurality of “/\” shaped flaps located in a reverse flow control venting port in the plastic bag as shown in FIG. 5E. The flexible brick may be used to grow various types of vegetation. It is capable of retaining an amount of water equal to 30% of its own volume within the bag, accordingly, it is beneficial for the vegetation growing in such bricks since the amount of water retained in the bag in one rainfall is equivalent to five times the amount of water retained by the same amount sand outside of the bag.

[0010] 2. Another important method is growing vegetation within a tent-like housing or shield having a

[0011] water supply control as shown in FIG. 6. The housing or shield is made of a plastic sheet painted with a sun light and heat reflection external coating. A wind operated device is provided for supplying fresh air within the housing as shown in FIG. 6. The plastic housing has a predetermined height to protect the vegetation or tree seedling to grow safely to such height. Eight telescopic support rods, similar to fishing rods, are located around the base of the plastic housing and are inserted to a desired depth into the sand to anchor the housing securely on the sandy ground. The completed sealed housing is thus erected on the ground and it is weighed down safely by the weight of the sand located within it. In turn, the sand within the housing is protected by the latter. Thus, a green house is provided by the housing for growing the seedling in a tropical rain forest like environment to a healthy tree. In the meantime, grass may also grow around the tree to hold the sand particles firmly together. A cutting blade ( No.70 in FIG. 6A) is located at the top of the housing which would sever the housing when the tree has grown to such height particularly when it is also swayed by the outside wind. The bottom of the housing would also be eventually destroyed by the roots of the growing tree. An air inlet (No. 51 of FIG. 6) is provided for supplying fresh air into the otherwise completely sealed housing. A ventilation opening (No. 60) is provided to save every precious cubic centimeter of water from the moisture within the housing for the plant growth. A unique sun light operated water pump (No. 55) is provided to extract water from the ground through tubing (No. 58) to supply the water required for the growing tree. The sand within the housing retains an amount of water equal to 30% its volume. A water storage tank (No. 47 in FIG. 6) is mounted at the middle of the outer side wall of the housing for supplying additional water to the interior of the housing. Leaf shaped collectors are provided for collecting rain water to the water tank. To safe guard against water shortage in a severe dry condition, a plurality of water balloons are located in the sand within the housing around the seedling. Each water balloon is provided with an automatic cutting blade on its surface. The cutting blade is automatically operated by a retractable tissue material such as cow tendon which reduces its size or length as the humidity of its surrounding decreases. Thus, the water balloons will be severed under hot dry spells which may occur up to several months without rainfall in the desert Water balloons with cutting blades having the retractable tissue material of various lengths are provided such that they will be severed at different times in order that water from the different balloons will be used to provide the required emergency water supply over a long period in the hot dry spell. A plurality of water containers are placed on the closed bottom cover of the housing. The water level in the water containers is controlled by a floating cantilever arm(No. 50 in FIG. 6) similar to that used in the water tank of a common flush toilet. A plurality of openings are formed on the sides of the water containers such that the water may flow out from these openings into the interior of the housing. Water is supplied to the water containers by tubes 50A from the water storage tank (No. 47) and the flow rate of the water is controlled by the floating cantilever arm. A plurality of cutting devices (No. 69) are located at the bottom cover. These devices will be pushed by the roots of the tree when it has grown to maturity in about 10 years to break the bottom cover of the housing when it is no longer required. A large plastic cloth having a diameter much larger the base of the housing is placed on the ground outside of the housing to the bottom of a circular trench dug in the sand surrounding the base of the housing. The trench is for collecting water from any annual heavy rain fall in the desert. The water collected will eventually seep into the ground to feed the tree. This method may be employed in the most severe desert condition for growing vegetation.

[0012] 3. In a semi-desert region, vegetation may be grown with the design as shown in the sectional view in FIG. 13. This design may be employed in a semi-desert region which has a more moderate weather condition and some vegetation has already been grown in it by using the flexible bricks for preventing the sand from being blown away by wind. The interior of the housing is directly open to the outside atmosphere. A plurality of /\-shaped reverse air flow control venting ports ( No.36) are provided to control the humidity of the interior of the cylindrical shape housing which has a lower portion located in a deep trench formed in the sand. The seedling grows in the trench covered by the housing. Optical fibers(No.109) extend from the top part of the housing above the ground to the lower part are provided to conduct sun light to the latter for the growing seedling. Water supply and water collection are provided in the manner as described in the previous embodiment. Since this embodiment is open to the outside atmosphere, it is not necessary to seal the housing or to provide additional fresh air supply as in the previous embodiment. A cap (FIG. 13, No. 108) is provided at the top of the housing. The cap is rotatable by the outside wind to prevent sand from being blown into the housing. The water pump may be operated by the heat of the sun light as in the previous embodiment, or alternatively by a windmill (FIG. 10). Two UV ray reflecting lenses (FIG. 13, No. 111 and 110) are provided in the tubular housing to lower the heat caused by the noon day sun light. These lenses are painted with light reflecting patterns.

[0013] The above embodiment is particularly suitable for growing young seedlings which can otherwise only grow close to the ground surface. With this method, the seedling may grow close to the sand surface inside the trench within the tubular housing, such that by the time it has grown to the height of the outside ground surface, it would have a height of about 3 feet The tubular housing may be made from water-proof paper or thin metal plate similar to that used in making a tin can. Such material will automatically break down and disintegrate in about 2 to 3 years after being used in the humid soil environment which normally exists at the depth of 3 feet under the ground in any desert area. The cap is made by rolling a plastic sheet with glue applied at its joint. The plastic and the glue would also break down over time to separate from the grown tree, and eventually the trench would be filled again by wind blown sand. Therefore, it is not necessary to spend further effect in re-filling the trench with sand. Moreover, since the matured tree is deep rooted when grown with the present method, it would not be easily uprooted by the strong wind in the desert.

[0014] 4. The following method is applicable in a region having annual rainfall more than the semi-desert area mentioned in (3) above. In such area, the embodiment as shown in FIG. 13A may be employed. In this embodiment, the tubular housing may be made with a cardboard material. A plurality of leaf shaped plates are mounted on the side of the housing for collecting rain water or dew for growing the seedling in the housing. A sand cap No. 107 is provided at the top of the housing. A circular opening is formed at the top of the sand cap. The circular opening has an inwardly and downwardly folded lip slanting at 45 degrees; and a plurality of thin metal foils or plates (FIG. 13A No. 109B) are provided on the lip by adhesive. Wind blowing at the housing would cause the sand cap to cover the housing more tightly. Furthermore, due to their slanted position, the metal foils or plates would reflect sun light into the housing to supplement the light provided by the optical fiber. Several water balloons are also located in the sand within the housing. A plurality of wall openings ( No. 120) are formed in the portion of the side wall of the tubular cardboard housing located below ground so that the ground moisture of the surrounding sand and soil may enter the housing through these wall openings. The planting of the seedling in the trench in this embodiment may be carried out automatically with a cultivating machine.

[0015] 5. Bullet planting: In this embodiment, the small seeds of large trees are placed in an embryonic sack (FIG. 20) which is installed in the head of the bullets normally used for the gun on a fighter airplane. The bullet head is made of a mixture of hard wood powder, fiber, fertilizer, water base glue and plant base plastic compacted together under high pressure. The plant seeds are located in a depression or cavity formed in the rear end of the bullet head and it is covered with a mixture of fertilizer and heat refractory material. Planting may be carried out by firing the bullets from a helicopter having a telescopic view of the planting area shown on a display screen so that the bullets may be accurately fired at every square foot of the planting area. The seed may be attached to the bullet head with an optical fiber. Therefore, after a deep bullet hole is formed on the ground by the bullet, the seed would automatically be dragged into the bullet hole by the optical fiber. The impact of the bullet on the ground would cause a small amount of the spout promoting fluid to be released from the mixture to enhance the seed growth; also sun light required for the seed growth is provided by the deployed optical fiber conducting sun light into the bullet hole. In this manner, the seed would grow in a favorable humid condition in the hole deep under the ground without being affected by the strong wind and hot sun on the ground surface. This method is particularly applicable in a more temperate region in which sufficient rainfall would provide the necessary water for the seed growth. After firing, the bullet shells or cartridges may be retained in the helicopter for further use. Furthermore, this method may be utilized for planting in any area even if it is inaccessible by ground means or regardless if it is up in a steep maintain, inhabited by ferocious animals or poisonous creatures, or deep in a river valley. The success growth rate of this method is so high(FIG. 15, 16, 17, 18) that in the future the view of the earth from the outer space would show a lush globe. Several designs of this embodiment are shown below. They function in the same principle but are adapted in various regions having different amounts of rainfall and different soil conditions.

[0016] The requirements for this embodiment are as follows:

[0017] Firstly, after their fabrication, the planting bullets must be safe for storage and are ready for use any time. A small amount of water required for the initial growth of the seed is contained within a separate sealed water balloon which is also packed in the bullet head. The water balloon will break by the impact when the bullet hits the ground to provide the water required by the seed initially. The water balloon, the seed and the optical fiber are located in a depression or cavity located at the rear end of the bullet head (FIG. 15 No. 142) and are protected by a heatproof cover plate. The cover plate will be removed between the time at which the bullet leaves the gun barrel and prior to it hitting the ground, so as to release the optical fiber. An annular steel brush ring is located at the muzzle of the gun barrel(FIG. 21 No. 165) and it is engagable with a channel formed in the bullet head for removing the protective cover plate so as to release the optical fiber from the bullet head. Several other methods to achieve the same result will be shown below.

[0018] 6. Tree planting ball: this embodiment enables planting to be carried out inexpensively and automatically. In a dry and hot region, seeds may be planted deeply in trenches(FIG. 14) in the land having the top layer of its soil initially removed so that the seed may grow in a moist condition deep in the soil. A cultivating machine equipped with a drill is used both for forming planting holes in the soil as well as placing sealed balls containing seeds or pre-dressed seedlings into the holes. Water balloons and plant nutrient fluid are also included inside the balls The seed is located in an embryonic sack located within each ball. One end of an elongated optical fiber is connected to this embryonic sack and the free end of the optical fiber extends outside of the ball to wind around a channel(FIG. 14 No. 124) formed on the outside surface of the ball. When the ball rolls into the hole, the rolling motion would cause the optical fiber to unwind from the channel with its upper end held in place by a spring clamp such that the ball is hung within the hole by the unwound optical fiber which subsequently conducts the sun light from above ground to the seed in the embryonic sack. The lower end of the optical fiber is also connected to a knife which would sever the water balloon. The ball is similar to an egg for incubating the growth. Air is supplied to the interior of the ball through an opening (No. 135). The optical fiber also extends outside of the ball through this opening. The upper and lower halves of the shell of the ball are made of a mixture of fertilizer and a water soluble case or glue or gluten and plant fibers compacted together to form a thin half shell. After more than ten days, the upper half shell of the ball will dissolve and separate from the lower half shell similar to a broken egg shell, some of the water from the severed water balloons would remain in the lower half shell for the seed growth.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019]
FIG. 1 shows a perspective elevation view of the flexible brick fabricating machine. The construction of the machine has a rotatable round tub provided with a mold (No.2). The mold is rotated with various gear drives to roll out a round shaped plastic wrapping simultaneously from both the right side (No. 1), and the left side (No.5), towards the center (No. 2). The plastic wrapping No. 1 has the required form and is adapted to engage within a steel channel (No.7)in the mold. Holes are formed on both side edges (No. 16, 20) of the plastic wrapping to engage with teeth on the mold for driving the wrapping. An filling station (No. 4) is located at the top 15 of No.2 for filling the wrapping with sand. The sand is obtained by a scoop (No.26) retrieving sand from the ground and delivering it to the filling station by an elevator (No. 3). After the lower half of the plastic wrapping 1B is filled and packed with sand, the upper wrapping No.5B is placed over it and heat sealed to it to form the bag. Then air is extracted from the bag so as to form the flexible soft brick. In this manner, flexible soft bricks are formed continuously and then laid subsequently over the desert surface to protect the sand, or to build a retaining wall, or for growing vegetation, or for building dams for collecting rain water etc. The system may also be used to fabricate the flexible soft bricks without performing the laying operation at the same time. It may also be set up in a factory for producing such flexible soft bricks at a fixed location

[0020] No. 1: is the supply reel of the plastic wrapping which is used to form the flexible soft bricks.

[0021] No. 2: is the steel mold driven by the a cylindrical drum which is rotated by an electric motor(No.6).

[0022] No. 3: is the elevator consisting of parts 3A, 3B and 3C, and is operative to deliver sand to the filling station

[0023] No. 3a: is the drive gear for rotating 3C with a rubber drive belt.

[0024] No. 3B: are the sand buckets mounted on the drive belt for transporting sand to the filling station.

[0025] No.3C: is the rubber drive belt which has grooves formed in its inside surface adapted to engage with the teeth on the drive gear. The sand buckets are mounted on its outer side.

[0026] No. 4 is the sand filling hopper which has a bottom end covering closely over the steel mold No. 2. Sand is delivered to it by No. 3. Its interior construction is shown in the sectional view in FIG. 2.

[0027] No. 5: is the supply reel of the plastic wrapping (5B). The wrapping is used to form the upper cover of the flexible soft brick by placing on and heat sealed to 1B.

[0028] No. 6: is the electric motor operated by the generator of the fabricating machine.

[0029] No. 7: is the steel mold for forming the brick. A plurality of mold receptacles are formed in the mold for forming and carrying the soft bricks having a plurality of openings.

[0030] No. 8: is the vacuum device operates to extract air from the bricks.

[0031] No. 9: are the depressions form on the cylindrical drums which are operative to engage with the teeth No. 16 of the steel mold No. 2.

[0032] No. 10: is the drive cylinder operated with the steel mold No. 2 for moving 1B over the steel mold No. 2. Openings are formed in its two side edges.

[0033] No. 11: is similar to No. 10 but used for moving 5B to the steel mold No. 2.

[0034] No. 12: is a heat roller used for heat sealing the wrapping 1B and top cover wrapping 5B together. Two heated rings are provided at the two edges of this roller. The actuation of these heat rings is controlled by a horizontal rod. The length of the perimeter of this roller is equal to the shorter length of the flexible soft brick so that when it has rotated for one revolution by the drive cylinder No. 11, it would have completed the sealing operation for one flexible soft brick formed in the steel mold No. 2.

[0035] No. 13: are pressure rollers for transporting the top cover wrapping 5B from the supply reel No. 5 to the steel mold No. 2.

[0036] No. 14: are the associated pressure rollers having construction and function similar to that of No. 13.

[0037] No. 15: is the support for the supply reel(No. 5) for the plastic wrapping It may be removed for changing the supply reel.

[0038] No. 16: are the teeth formed on the steel mold. They engage with the openings formed on the two side edges of the plastic wrapping.

[0039] No 17: is the chassis of the fabricating machine.

[0040] No. 17A: are rollers operative for transporting the fabricated flexible soft brick

[0041] No. 18: are the finished fabricated flexible soft bricks.

[0042] No. 19: is the lens of the video monitor camera operative for the operator to monitor the laying operation of the flexible soft bricks.

[0043] No. 20: are holes formed on the two edges of the wrapping, which will engage with the teeth No. 16.

[0044] No. 21: is a reversible electric motor. Its rotary shaft is coupled to the elevator No. 3

[0045] No. 22: is the drum for extracting air to form a vacuum in the brick as well as for heat sealing the wrappings of the brick.

[0046] No. 23: is a brake operative to stop No. I and No. 5 from rolling by inertia when the machine is shut off.

[0047] No. 24: is the frame of the machine.

[0048] No. 25: is a pneumatic cylinder used for lowering or raising the sand scoop.

[0049] No. 26: is the sand scoop. It is used to retrieve sand which has been loosened by the cultivator moving in front of the fabricating machine and it delivers the sand to the buckets in the elevator

[0050] No.3.

[0051]
FIG. 2 is an isolated sectional side elevation view of FIG. 1. The designation of the reference numbers are as follows:

[0052] No. 27: is a vibrator operative for compacting the sand in the brick during fabrication

[0053] No. 28: is a plurality of steel knives rotatable for loosening the sand.

[0054] No. 29: is a steel drum.

[0055] No. 30: are fins formed on a rotary shaft.

[0056] No. 31: is the rotary shaft for the fins above.

[0057] No. 32: is a plastic coated rotating shaft used for cleaning sand off the top and bottom surfaces of the plastic wrapping prior to the heat seal operation.

[0058]
FIG. 3: is an isolated enlarged elevation view of the rotatable steel mold No. 2 of FIG. 1. The designation of the references in this figure are as follows:

[0059] No. 33: is the teethed drive wheel for rotating the cylinders and wheels Nos. 1, 10, 2, 11, 12, 13, 14,5,22

[0060]
FIG. 4: is an isolated enlarged elevation view of the plastic wrapping belt No. 1B and the sand wrapping mold forming a composite belt. “A” shows it in a folded flat condition. “B” shows a cut view in its middle section. “C” shows it having been placed within the steel mold.

[0061] No. 34: is a protruded bubble formed at the base. The bubble is variable to supplement the volume of the sand in the soft brick when the brick is subjected to pressure when a number of bricks are stacked together.

[0062] No. 35: is the bottom of the bag.

[0063]
FIG. 5 shows use of the soft bricks for building a retaining wall, river bank protecting dykes etc., which can advantageously vary their location or formation to accommodate changes for low tide and high tide.

[0064]
FIG. 5A illustrates the two banks of the river with two curved lines due to changes of low tide and high tide.

[0065]
FIG. 5B illustrates the laying of the soft brick having water collection holes, on the ground in a desert for growing ground vegetation. Reverse leakage preventing means having a \ shape are provided in the holes to admit rain water into the brick, so that in addition to the 30% water retaining characteristics of the sand together with the rain water collected into the brick through the holes having the reverse leakage preventing means (FIGure SE No. 38), the amount of water retained by such construction in one rainfall is equal to that of five rainfalls. The bricks are laid on the desert ground to cover and stabilize the desert sand, and seeds may be placed in the bricks through the holes to grow ground vegetation.

[0066] No. 69 are the knives.

[0067]
FIG. 5C illustrates the use of the soft bricks for building a water dam or water canal.

[0068]
FIG. 5D is an elevation view of the soft brick which may be used to build a retaining wall on the river bank to prevent soil erosion and to increase the soil's water retaining property. Wood chips, short iron wires etc., may be added to the soil and sand in the bag to increase its water retaining property.

[0069] No. 36: is a wind barrier which may be erected with the soft bricks along a windy desert road to reduce the speed of the cross wind.

[0070] No. 37: shows the laying of the soft bricks on the desert surface to stabilize the sand for growing ground vegetation.

[0071] No. 38 shows the opening formed in the brick, which is provided with a “/\” shaped leak preventing means to prevent water loss due to evaporation from the bag.

[0072] No. 39 is the side sectional elevation view of the opening showing three “/\” shaped leakage preventing means having large, medium and small sizes, for preventing loss of water due to evaporation.

[0073] No. 40 shows thin soft bricks having a rectangular shape.

[0074] No. 41 is a side elevation view of the rectangular soft brick.

[0075] No. 42 is the plastic wrapping.

[0076] No. 43 is the opening for saving water.

[0077]
FIG. 6 is a cut view showing the construction of the housing for growing a tree in the desert. The housing is formed by a plastic tent-like housing built with a sheet material or a membrane similar to the human skin (No.67) supported by a frame 45A. It has breathing means (No. 51, 45), and a regulator to control the length and rate of breathing. It is also provided with heat preventing means (No. 54 ) which regulates the interior environment as it is subjected to the outside heat for feeding the tree with water (No. 55, 56, 57). A water storage tank storing rain water for use when the interior requires more humidity. The supply of water is automatically controlled by a valve (No. 47, 50). Means(No. 70, 69) are provided to separate the tree from the protective housing after the tree has grown to maturity. Life saving water balloons (No. 48,49) are provided to safeguard the tree's water need in the event of a long hot dry spell in the weather. All component parts of this embodiment may be obtained easily from factories for manufacturing plastic raincoats and plastic toys. There is no electric control or electronically produced material. Ten thousand trees may be grown in the desert by this method. Moreover, even better results may be obtained by incorporating this method with the formation of trenches in the ground and the removable top covering cap as shown in FIG. 13A.

[0078] No. 44 is a clamp made of a hard plate material. The clamp is biassed by a rubber band such that it would open when it is blown by wind and the rubber band would close it after the wind has passed.

[0079] No. 45 is the tent-like housing made of a plastic sheet or membrane material. One third of the sand in the housing is buried below the outside ground surface in order to anchor the housing firmly against the wind. Eight support rods are inserted into the ground and located evenly around the inside of the housing in order to maintain the housing in an upstanding erected manner

[0080] No. 46 is the outer shell of the water storage tank mounted to the housing and resting on the outside sandy ground surface

[0081] No. 47 is the water stored within the water storage tank.

[0082] No. 48 are water-filled balloons which would break open automatically in the event of an emergency of a long dry spell to provide the water necessary for feeding the tree.

[0083] No. 49 is a tissue material made of cow tendon connected to a cutting blade and adhered on the water balloon. Its length is affected by humidity to operate the cutting blade to cut open the water balloon in an emergency dry condition.

[0084] No. 50 is a small tubing controlled by a floatation valve similar to that in a toilet water tank for conducting water from the water storage to the housing interior.

[0085] No. 51 is a breathing design for drawing air into the housing.

[0086] No. 52 is a sand blocker provided at the venting port.

[0087] No. 52A is an automatic control for regulating the amount of air flowing into the housing.

[0088] No. 53 is the movable cover of the venting port.

[0089] No. 54 is the housing interior space.

[0090] No. 54A is a water filled expandable bag acting as the venting port door. The bag will be expanded by water vapour formed inside when its water is heated by the sun thus closing the venting port to prevent moisture in the housing to escape outside.

[0091] No. 55 is a magnifying glass having two outwardly curved surfaces.

[0092] No. 56 is a plastic capillary tube.

[0093] No. 57 is a vapor absorption tube.

[0094] No. 58 is a tie for mounting the capillary tube in place.

[0095] No. 59 is the seedling.

[0096] No. 60 is a filter cap mounted on the air exhaust.

[0097] No. 61 is a ball of wire mass located within the copper pipe of the air exhaust operative to condense the water moisture in the exhaust air. The water is returned to the sand in the housing through a lower tube.

[0098] No. 62 are the plastic leaf shaped collectors mounted on the outside surface of the housing for collecting rain water.

[0099] No. 63 is the rain water collecting pool. Water flows from the pool to the water storage tank through the water tube No. 64.

[0100] No. 64 is a small water tube.

[0101] No. 65 is a capillary tube for replenishing the water in the water filled bag. A water valve is provided at its lower end.

[0102] No. 66 are the tin cans having holes for releasing water into the sand within the housing.

[0103] No. 67 is the tent made of a sheet or membrane material forming the housing.

[0104] No. 67A are eight supporting rods for maintaining the housing in an upstanding erected condition.

[0105] No. 68 is a door cover plate which is used to cover the door opening of the housing after the seedling is planted within the housing. Mating grooves and ridges are formed in the cover plate and the housing to hold the cover plate in place and adhesive may also be used to secure it permanently in place.

[0106] No. 69 are cutting knives mounted at the base of the housing. These knives will be pushed by the roots of the tree after it has grown to maturity to sever the base of the housing. The knife blade is made of a degradable material.

[0107] No. 70 is a cutting knife located at the top of the housing, which has both upper and lower cutting blades. The knife will be pushed by the tree when the latter has grown to the height of the housing to automatically cut open the housing. The operation is also enhanced by the swaying motion of the housing when it is blown by wind. After the housing is cut, it is subject to wind rushing inside as well as the expanding force exerted on it from the inside by the supporting rods, thus it would readily break and disintegrate.

[0108] No. 71 is the sand located within the housing.

[0109] No. 71A is a large plastic sheet placed in a trench formed in the ground around the base of the housing such that rain water from any heavy rain will be collected in the trench without draining away to form an underground water pool. Such heavy rain may occur rarely once in many years to provide water for feeding the tree roots. This arrangement allows precious rain water to be saved for use in a desert.

[0110]
FIG. 7 shows the detail construction of the part No. 51 in FIG. 6 which functions as the lung of the housing. There are two lungs provided in the housing. Lung (a) consists of the changing air volume in the housing and the operation of the air vent port which operates in response to outside strong wind. Lung (b) as shown in this illustration, operates in response to light wind outside. This latter lung consists of three components, namely, a pair of flapping wings (No. 44) which will be spread apart by the wind, and are pulled to close together by a rubber band (No. 82) when wind is absent. It also includes an expandable rubber bag No. 72, and a reverse flow preventing fresh air inlet port (No.80). The action of the opening and closing of the flapping wings cause the expandable plastic bag to expand and contract correspondingly.

[0111] No. 72 is the rubber expandable bag which expands and contracts by the opening and closing actions of the flapping wings.

[0112] No 73 are the plurality of fine hair positioned in a downward direction in the capillary tube.

[0113] No. 74 is the capillary tube.

[0114] No. 75 is an air balloon mounted to and in communication with the water filled expandable bag and it is located in the air inlet valve. It is expanded by the vapour derived from evaporation of the water in the water filled bag when the water is heated by the sun. The expanded air balloon blocks the air inlet to prevent hot air from entering the housing in such hot outside condition.

[0115] No. 76 is the water filled bag operating with No. 54, 74, 75, and 77 for closing the air inlet when the outside is under a hot sun condition.

[0116] No. 77 is the water or fluid in the water filled bag. Other fluids which can be evaporated by the sun's heat may also be used.

[0117] No 78 is the outer cap of the air inlet port

[0118] No. 78A are the openings formed in the outer cap.

[0119] No. 79 is the inner side wall of the air inlet port having a plurality of hair No. 81. A plurality of openings No. 78A are formed in the side wall.

[0120] No. 80 is the plurality of hair located in the air inlet port locating in a “\” shaped manner to prevent the reverse flow of air through the air inlet port

[0121] No. 81 are the hair located in the shell (No.89) for automatically cleaning sand off the outer shell of the air inlet port.

[0122] No. 82 is the rubber band for returning the wings back to the open position when wind is absent.

[0123] No. 83 are the left and right air bags connected to the capillary air tubes for drawing air into the housing.

[0124] No. 84 is the air inlet tube located at the rear of the air bag.

[0125] No. 85 is an elongated small air balloon valve. It would expand under the pressure of the incoming air to allow the air to enter into the housing. A weight No. 53A is located at its lower end to maintain the valve closed normally. Other valve construction may be used to provide the same function.

[0126] No. 86 is an enlarged isolated view of the air inlet valve.

[0127] No. 52A is an automatic stop valve located in the air valve which operates to regulate the amount of incoming air to prevent a large amount of air that may harmfully flow through the air valve into the housing.

[0128] No. 52B is a steel ball valve located within the air valve. The steel ball would be drawn to the position to block the air valve in the event a large amount of air is attempted to flow into the housing due to the sudden change in the interior air volume in the housing.

[0129] No. 53A is a weight.

[0130]
FIG. 8 is an isolated enlarged sectional elevation view of Item No. 52A in FIG. 6 showing the automatic shut off valve located in the air inlet valve to prevent excessive air from entering the housing when the wind outside is very strong.

[0131]
FIG. 9 is an enlarged isolated partial sectional elevation view of the water pump operated by the sun's heat. The pump is in the form of a capillary tube having an upper portion heated by the sun such that the heat differential creates the pumping pressure to draw water upwards through the tube. A condensation lens enhances the effectiveness of directing the sun's heat on the capillary tube. A back flow valve is provide at the lower end of the capillary tube, and a V-shaped water trap is provided adjacent to the outlet of the pump.

[0132] No. 87 is the capillary tube.

[0133] No. 88 is a transparent cap covering over the light condensing lens to avoid dust and sand from settling on the light condensing lens.

[0134]
FIG. 10 shows the alternative embodiment of the water pump in which an elastic olive-shaped hollow ball is operated by wind force to produce the water pumping action in the capillary tube. A V- shaped water trap is provided adjacent to the outlet of the pump and a back flow valve is provided also at the lower end of the capillary tube. The designations of the references numbers in this drawing are as follows:

[0135] No. 89: is an olive shaped elastic hollow ball.

[0136] No. 90 is the interior cavity of the elastic ball.

[0137] No.91 is the connecting tube of the elastic ball to the capillary tube.

[0138] No. 92 are resilient steel wires for mounting and supporting the elastic hollow ball to the capillary tube such that the ball may be compressed by wind to vary its volume resiliently, expanding and contracting alternatively, to provide the pumping force.

[0139]
FIG. 11 is an enlarged isolated view of the automatic air vent control valve No. 54 of FIG. 6. The valve is operated by the sun's heat to regulate the amount of air to be drawn into the housing according to the humidity in the housing interior. The valve operates to admit air into the housing in the morning and night times.

[0140] No. 93 shows the top cover of the evaporation dish of the control valve.

[0141]
FIG. 12 is an enlarged isolated elevation view of the air exhaust which includes a water recovering design for extracting any water content in the exhaust air. The moisture evaporating from the surface of the sand within the housing would cause the lowering of the temperature in the sand below. A portion of the exhaust copper tubing is thus buried in the sand to utilize such lower temperature to recover the water content in the exhaust air. A paper filter is provided at the inlet of the exhaust and a mass of fine copper shreds or wires is located in the copper tubing to enhance the cooling and condensation of the water content in the exhaust air.

[0142] No. 94 is the copper tubing of the exhaust.

[0143] No. 95 is the paper filter cap located at the inlet end of the exhaust, which also acts to absorb some of the water content in the exhausting air and the moisture is subsequently returned to the housing by evaporation.

[0144] No. 96 is the mass of fine copper shreds or wires for promoting the condensation of the water content in the exhaust air.

[0145] No. 97 is the outlet cap for preventing sand from being blown into the exhaust. It also includes a back flow valve to prevent the outside air from entering the housing through the exhaust

[0146] No. 98 is the exhaust tube.

[0147] No. 99 is the paper filter cap located at the inlet end of the exhaust.

[0148] FIGS. 6A and 6B: illustrate the knives located at the top and at the base of the housing, which will be operated automatically by the tree to cut open the housing when the tree has grown to maturity.

[0149] No. 100 is the round plate for attaching the knife to the plastic membrane or sheet at the top of the housing.

[0150] No. 101 is the knife for use at the top of the housing.

[0151] No. 102: is the plastic mounting base of the knife No. 101.

[0152] No. 103: is the knife blade made of paper cardboard or degradable material.

[0153] No. 104: are wire loops located on the knife base adapted to engage with tree roots to pull the knife for cutting the base of the housing.

[0154] No. 105: is the knife for use at the base of the housing.

[0155]
FIG. 13 is a sectional side elevation view of the embodiment of locating a protective housing partially buried in a trench for growing vegetation in the desert. This method is applicable in a semi-desert region or in a desert region in which the sandy ground has already been treated and stabilized with the laying flexible soft bricks on its surface. Seedlings or seeds may be planted in the cool and moist environment in a trench. Optical fiber is used to conduct sun light into the trench and additional light is also provided by thin reflective metal plates mounted on a cap located at the top of the housing. A water pump, operated by a light condensing lens (FIG. 9 ) or a wind operated elastic ball (FIG. 10), draws water from the bottom of the housing to spray water on the seedling. Air is supplied to the housing through a partially opened top cover. A draft cover made of a soft plastic sheet material (No. 107)is placed on top of the top cover, which is carried by any down draft of wind to cover the housing so as to prevent wind carried sand from entering the housing. The draft cover would return to an upright opened position when there is no wind. A plastic lens having a flower petal pattern (Nos. 111, 110) is provided to block the UV ray of the sun so as to reduce water evaporation within the housing. Reverse pointing ducts (No.39) are provided to separate the regulation between the interior and exterior of the trench. The portion of the housing located below ground, in the trench, is made of thin metal plate similar to that used in making a tin can, which will disintegrate automatically after several years and will be naturally absorbed into the soil. The ducts No. 39 are made by rolling flat pieces of soft plastic sheets into the cylindrical shape with adhesive applied at the joint. The adhesive will break down in time to cause the disintegration of the ducts, at which time the tree has already grown to maturity. Life saving water balloons (Nos. 48, 49) as well as water cans (No. 115)) are located in the sand to save water and to supply water for feeding the plant in a manner similar to that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6. Only in this embodiment, rain water collected by the leaf shaped collectors flows directly into the housing. With the above design, the seedling would grow in the deep moist soil to a tree of nearly 3 feet tall having a strong root foundation and extending above the top of the trench. The blowing sand would eventually fill the trench back with sand similar to as if the tree were planted manually. The result of using this method is far better than attempting to grow the plant on the surface of the dry soil which is readily subject to erosion.

[0156]

107
is a sectional view of the soft plastic top cover which can vary its shape according to outside wind pressure and it can recover to its original erected shape when the pressure is absent

[0157] No. 108 is the soft plastic sheet.

[0158] No. 109 is the optical fiber which conducts light into the trench from above ground.

[0159] No. 109A is the light receiving head of the optical fiber, which is dust protected.

[0160] No. 10 is the water contained in the top cover. It would create vapor when it is heated by the sun to provide the moisture for maintaining the plastic lens in the spread out condition.

[0161] No. 111 is the flower petal shaped soft plastic lens which extends in a spread out condition by vapor in the sealed housing interior. In the cool morning and night times it would curl up.

[0162] No 112: is the joint between the different materials of the housing and the top cap. The circular ring (No. 112) buried in the ground is made of water-proof cardboard material which would disintegrate in two to three years. Alternatively it may be made with a thin tin can metal plate.

[0163] Attention: the caps (Nos. 39, 36, 108, 111) are made of plastic sheets rolled into a cylindrical shape with adhesive applied at the joint. The adhesive will also break down in time to cause the cap to break into plastic pieces which are dispersed by wind to spread far away from the tree.

[0164] No. 113 is made of a tin can metal plate (that is not plated with tin or rust proof) which can rust and disintegrate. It may also be made of paper having a plastic coating.

[0165] No. 114 is a mounting means.

[0166] No. 115 is 5 gallons of water stored in the water tank.

[0167] No. 116 is a needle head.

[0168] No. 117 is the water tank. A rubber plug is provided at the side of the tank. The needle head may be inserted through the rubber plug to remove water from the tank.

[0169] No. 120 is the water inlet opening. It drains excessive water, collected in the housing due to heavy rainfall, into the surround ground It also normally allows the moisture from the surrounding ground to enter into the soil in the housing.

[0170] No. 121 is a plastic sheet located in the ground under the tree to form a saucer shaped water shield pool such that water may be collected in the pool for long time use. The sheet may have a diameter of several kilometers.

[0171]
FIG. 13A is an embodiment for planting in a region having better weather condition than that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 above. It is a sectional side elevation view of the embodiment for planting trees in a region having frequent dry periods.

[0172] No. 109B are metal foils adhered on the swaying cap for reflecting light above ground into the trench.

[0173]
FIG. 14 is a sectional side elevation view of another embodiment of the present invention for plant seeds by machine. The seed is located inside a sack which is shaped like a baseball. Two upstanding tracks are formed on the surface of the ball to provide a channel between them. The tracks are adapted to engage with a groove provided in the planting machine for guiding the dropping of a row of such balls, one ball at a time, into planting holes formed in the ground. One end of an optical fiber (No. 122) is inserted into the ball through a slot formed in the channel. The optical fiber is connected to an embryonic sack located in the ball. A water balloon is also located within the ball. The shell of the ball is made of a mixture of fertilizer, fiber and water soluble glue. The ball is dropped into a hole previously formed on the ground by machine such that the ball will lie inside the hole suspended by the stretched out optical fiber. Also, the optical fiber is connected to a knife hook which will cut open the water balloon when pulled by the stretched out optical fiber. The ball will break into two halves along their joint over a predetermined time period and will then begin to disintegrate. The seed in the embryonic sack will also begin to grow in the water remaining on the not yet disintegrated lower half shell.

[0174] No. 122 is an umbrella shape floatable plate located below the head of the optical fiber.

[0175] No. 123 is the outer shell of the ball.

[0176] No. 124 are the upstanding tracks which will engage with a groove in the automatic planting machine.

[0177] No. 125 is the seed

[0178] No. 126 is a soft wood ring which forms part of the embryonic sack for maintaining the seed to float on water.

[0179] No. 126A is a piece of cotton cloth.

[0180] No. 127 is a cotton thread which is connected to the embryonic sack to prevent the latter from floating away in the event that the ground hole is filled with water.

[0181] No. 128 is a weight connected to the other end of the cotton thread

[0182] No. 129 is the nutrient material required for the seed grow.

[0183] No. 130 is the planting ball.

[0184] No. 131 is an angle hook.

[0185] No. 130 is the water balloon.

[0186] No. 133 is the thin soft plastic sheet of the water balloon. (similar to the material of an air balloon)

[0187] No. 134 is the channel for winding the optical fiber on the ball.

[0188] No. 135 is a small opening for the optical fiber to insert into the inside of the ball for connecting to the embryonic sack.

[0189] No 136 is the adhered joint between the upper and lower halves of the ball shell.

[0190] No. 137 is a metal plated threading groove formed in the housing to admit more light into the hole.(optionally provided)

[0191] No. 137A are angular metallic reflecting particles used to reflect sun light into the hole. (optionally provided)

[0192]
FIG. 15 is an isolated sectional side elevation view of the tree planting gun bullet (“A” shaped) used for planting trees in a drought! or planting trees in regions in which water is depleting in rivers, darns and other water sources, or planting in eroded soil after a flood. It replaces the past method of having to carry the seedlings with back sacks to plant them one by one manually. This unique method of planting trees by bullets is important for improving the deteriorating environment around the world and the existence of the human race. The method is by placing a pre-dressed seedling in an embryonic sack with an optical fiber connected to it and it is then installed in a cavity at the rear end of a bullet. The installation is sealed with a heat resistance round plate (No. 142). The other end of the optical fiber is attached to this heat resistance round plate so that the optical fiber is stretched during the flight of the bullet and it is subsequently used to conduct light into the bullet hole formed in the ground. A steel wire brush is located at the muzzle of the gun, which operate to pull the optical fiber out from the bullet as it is leaving the muzzle. The outer shell of the bullet head is made of a mixture of hard wood powder, fiber and water soluble adhesive compacted together under high pressure. It will disintegrate and dissolve in water. Steel is incorporated at the tip of the bullet head to enhance its piercing strength. The planting bullets are fired from a helicopter with a planting gun and the locations for planting may be accurately determined by the operator viewing a telescopic image of the ground displayed on a video screen. The optical fiber will be pulled out from the bullet head after the heat resistance plate has been removed by the steel wire brush. The umbrella like plate will float in the air like a flower pollen just above the ground after the planting bullet has entered the bullet hole so that light is conducted to the embryonic sack in the hole by the optical fiber. The water balloon is also broken by the impact. Due to the differences in soil characteristics and the amount of rainfall, the bullet head may have different constructions; however, the use of the removable heat resistance plate and the working principle remain the same regardless of whether an air gun or water gun is used to fire the bullet. The present system illustrates one example for tree planting. The present bullet planting method enables seeds to be planted anywhere and it meets the hope of those aware of the necessity to save the earth.

[0193] No. 138 is the bullet head outer shell made of a mixture of hard wood powder and water soluble glue compacted together.

[0194] No. 139 is the inner shell made of a mixture of fiber and high strength water soluble glue compacted together, and it is located over the inner surface of the outer shell 138. Since the “A” shaped bullet head may pierce too deep into the loose sand for growing the seed, it is designed to have a length equal to twice the length if it impacts with water.

[0195] No. 140 is a small diameter extensible inner shell section which may slide upwards until its lower end latches with the second inner shell section so as to extend the length of the bullet head.

[0196] No. 141 is another smaller diameter third inner shell section which is slidable to latch with the top of the second inner shell section. It functions to increase the length of the bullet by three times. “/\” shaped reverse flow regulating flaps (No 39) are provided at its upper portion. These flaps will operate to prevent water from escaping outward upwardly after the water balloon has been broken.

[0197] No. 142 is the heat resistance plate for protecting the optical fiber, the tree seeds, the embryonic sack and the water balloon from the force and heat of the explosion in the bullet. Its diameter is equal to the rear end of the bullet head. Adhesive is provided in a round groove formed in the plate to attach the head of the optical fiber to it as well as attaching it to the bullet head.

[0198] No. 143 are holes formed around the side of the heat resistance plate.

[0199] No. 144 is the bullet cartridge similar to that commonly used in military bullets.

[0200] No. 145 is the gun powder in the bullet

[0201] No. 146 is a sharp tip formed in the bullet head.

[0202] No. 138A is the metal protective head.

[0203]
FIG. 16 is a sectional side elevation view of the A shape bullet after it has hit the ground.

[0204] No. 147 are holes formed in the side of the cylindrical shell for admitting rain water into the shell or expelling water therefrom.

[0205]
FIG. 17 is a sectional side elevation view of the B shape bullet head. A characteristics of this type of tree planting bullet head is to use another method in removing the heat resistance plate and in pulling the optical fiber outwards. As shown by the reference numeral No. 145A in the drawing, small air holes are formed in the circular plate. These holes are inlets of a circular tunnel(No. 145B) formed by matching a circular groove formed on the plate(No. 145A) and a similar circular groove is formed in the bullet head (No. 151). Compressed air from the explosion of the gun powder would enter the tunnel to separate the heat resistance plate No. 142C from the bullet head. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a steel wire brush at the muzzle of the gun to provide the same function. The water balloon has a annular shape and it is located within an annular hollow cavity in the bullet head wall. A sharp pin(No. 149) is located at the bottom of the annular hollow cavity, which will break the water balloon when the bullet hits the ground. When the water balloon is broken, a regulated amount of water will flow quickly initially and then slowly through the duct(No. 150) into the inner chamber(due to pressure build up in the annular hollow cavity).

[0206] No. 149 is a sharp pin for breaking the annular water balloon(No. 132) located in the annular hollow cavity of the bullet wall.

[0207] No. 150 is a duct for the water to flow from the annular hollow cavity to the seed growing chamber in the middle of the bullet head.

[0208] No. 151 is the bullet head made of a mixture of hard wood powder, fiber, fertilizer, and water soluble glue compacted together. It has an annular hollow cavity(No. 152) for housing the water balloon.

[0209] No. 152 is the annular hollow cavity for housing the water balloon.

[0210] No. 153 is the attachment of the optical fiber to the surface of the heat resistance plate (No. 142). This construction is essential, such that the optical fiber will be pulled loose from the winding reel to conduct sun light subsequently into the bullet hole.

[0211]
FIG. 18 is a sectional side elevation view of another embodiment of the bullet head provided with another heat resistance plate (No. 142) design. A circular groove (No. 143A) is formed on the side wall of the bullet head rear portion. The air current force created by air resistance during the flight of the bullet would force the heat resistance plate to separate from the bullet head along the joint at which No. 142 and No. 151 are adhered together. Thus, the head (No. 153, 109) of the optical fiber attached to the surface of the heat resistance plate is pulled out in the process.

[0212] No. 143A is the groove with a slanted wall. Shown in more detail in the sectional view in FIG. 18B.

[0213]
FIG. 18B: is a sectional elevation view of the groove 143A along section line H-H

[0214]
FIG. 15A is a sectional side elevation view of the planting bullet for use with an air gun. The above various bullet embodiments with the gun powder cartridge removed may be used for this purpose. In operation, the heat resistance plate (No. 142A) and the protruding outer ring serve to accept the compressed air pressure of the air gun to expel the bullet from the air gun. Such air gun may be used in low altitude air planting or incorporated in a ground planting machine.

[0215] No. 143A is the force bearing plate of the air gun bullet.

[0216]
FIG. 19 is a sectional side elevation view of a planting bullet for use with a water gun. This type of bullet is suitable for use in a large dry area. The water gun is installed on a planting machine which shoots the bullet with high pressure water on to the ground which is already loosened by at three pairs of plows shaped like elephant tusks. The water gun mounted on the planting machine can thus automatically plant three 3m wide rows of trees 115 m apart.

[0217] No. 142B is the pressure plate located in the bullet head, which would be expelled by in interior water pressure within the bullet head.

[0218] No. 145A denotes the high pressure water stream ejected from the water gun. It functions like the gun powder in a bullet cartridge to shoot at the rear end of the bullet head loaded in the gun barrel. Two holes extending into the central interior plant growing chamber are formed in the left and right sides of the bullet head rear end A round cylinder precisely installed in the bullet head to prevent reverse pressure in two opposite directions. The high pressure water enters the interior chamber through the two holes to eject the pressure plate No. 142B outwards. The optical fiber (No. 122, 109A, 109) having one end attached to the center of the pressure plate and the other end attached to the embryonic sack support (FIG. 20) will be pulled out by the ejected pressure plate.

[0219] No. 158A is the round cylinder for preventing reverse pressure in the opposite direction.

[0220] No. 158C are the holes extending into the interior chamber of the bullet head.

[0221]

158
B is a rubber ring for prevent the high pressure water to escape between the bullet head and the gun barrel.

[0222] The above water gun bullet may also be used as an air gun bullet.

[0223]
FIG. 19 is a side elevation view of the life saving water balloon for the plant growth. Plant and animal are alike, both would face life danger if lack of water. Even a drop of water may save its life by extending the chance of survival a little longer. For the same token, the chance also applies to the tens of thousands of tree roots in a dry region. The present water balloon can automatically break to feed the tree roots with water when every tree root has already reached the last limit of thirst. It is an air balloon filled with water. A wheel shape cutting blade mounted on a cow tendon base is adhered on the sealed surface of the water balloon. The length of the cow tendon will contract when the environment becomes very dry. Thus the contracting cow tendon is used to operate the cutting blade to cut open the water balloon to provide the water for the plant. This is the principle and construction of the life saving water balloon.

[0224] No. 160 is the processed cow tendon

[0225] No. 161 is the support for the cow tendon and the wheel shape cutting blade.

[0226] No. 162 is the mounting base of the support, which is adhered on the surface of the water balloon.

[0227] No. 163 is the wheel shape cutting blade.

[0228]
FIG. 20 is a sectional elevation view of the embryonic sack for planting in a ground hole.

[0229] No. 164 is the attachment of one end of the optical fiber to the sack. Several light heads are provided on the single optical fiber to provide sun light closely around the plant seed.

[0230]
FIG. 21 is a side elevation view of the steel wire brush installed adjacent to the gun muzzle. It shows one of the embodiment of having the heat resistance plate (No. 142) mounted at the rear end of the planting bullet, which will be removed at the moment the bullet is leaving the gun muzzle to cause the optical fiber to be pulled out. The removal of the heat resistance plate occurs when the groove No. 143 engages with the short steel wire of the steel wire brush located at the gun muzzle.

[0231] No. 165 is the annular short steel wire brush.

[0232] No. 167 is the bracket for mounting the short steel wire brush (No.165 ) at the gun muzzle.

[0233] No. 168 is the gun muzzle.

[0234]
FIG. 22 is a perspective elevation view of the fabricating machine for making the flexible soft brick of the present invention. A roll of continuous plastic bags (No. 169) similar to the plastic bags used in grocery stores and having similar thickness and quality, and with an identification number (No. 173) printed adjacent to the scored line marking their open end. The bags may be separated, one at a time, by tearing along the scored line. The bags are continuously fed past below the sand filling station (No. 175) at which a number reader mounted on a telescopic rod will extend across the station to read the identification number of the bag passing through the station. (A small rubber ring, with a groove formed in it, is mounted on the telescopic rod. The ring presses on the bag with pressure.) (No. 174) Thus, the rubber ring pulls the bag to open along the scored line. A simple computer (similar to that used in an automobile engine) senses the completion of the above operation to actuate a motor (No.170) to cause an offset mounted reciprocating rod (No. 172) to open a chute in the sand box located at the filling station for dispensing a predetermined amount of sand by gravity into the open bag As soon as the bag is filled, the chute will be shut off by the reciprocating rod which closes the outlet (No. 4) of the filling station, and the sand box is replenished with the same amount of sand. The computer will then turn on the motor with an offset shaft (No 176) to actuate a pneumatically operated knife carrying rod to pull a heated knife blade (No. 178) to press on the bottom side of the filled bag adjacent to its open end for heat sealing the bag. The equally spaced rotatable rollers in the conveyor belt (No. 17A) will be actuated by the computer to pass the finished product out of the machine.

[0235] No. 169 is a continuous belt of plastic bags produced by heat sealing two plastic sheets together.

[0236] The belt may be separated into individual bags by tearing along transverse scored lines, and an identification number (No. 173) is printed adjacent to each scored line.

[0237] No. 173 is the motor.

[0238] No. 171 is the offset mounted reciprocating rod for operating No. 175.

[0239] No. 174 is the pneumatically operated rod. A rubber with a groove formed in it is mounted on the rod.

[0240] No. 175 is the sand box containing a fixed amount of sand. A flat plate is located in the upper half of the sand box for closing the sand supply chamber (No. 4).

[0241] No. 176 is a blade operated by a drive wheel. (It is not use for severing the bag but is used for providing a heat source.)

[0242] No. 177 is a rotatable round coupling.

[0243] No. 178 is the electrically operated heat sealing blade. It is used for pressing the bag against the blade (No. 176) for sealing its open end

[0244]
FIG. 23 is a perspective elevation view of the desert improving bag production vehicle. It is used simply to carry a roll of plastic sheet for making a flexible soft brick of one kilometer in length. The elongated flexible soft brick may be laid quickly on the desert to cover and stabilize the sand around trees more than ten years old. The machine is simple and easy to use and it can travel for thousand miles in the desert. It can continuously produce and lay at the same time, and can travel from one horizon of the desert to the opposite horizon to lay the brick along the way continuously. With the use of five thousands such vehicle, it is believed that the wind blown sand storm in Beijin and Hubei can surely be conquered. No. 179 is a single layer plastic sheet having mating zipper edges formed at its left and right side edges. A slide fastener (No. 182) is located on the vehicle to link the zipper edges together to form a tube with the plastic sheet. 5 Adhesive may also be additionally applied along the zipper joint. An wooden boat shaped funnel (No. 181) is located above the slide fastener. The outlet of the funnel is a round tube (No. 184) curving towards the ground. The slide fastener is fixedly mounted above the funnel. The plastic sheet is pulled by the planting machine in the production. After passing the long roller No. 179A, it is laid on a flat platform before being fed into the funnel mold. The edges are joined together as it passes through the heated slide fastener No. 182 to form the round shape tube. Sand is supplied to the round tube by the plow No. 189 in the planting machine which moves in front of the bag production vehicle to form a furrow on the ground. The plow piles the sand on the two sides of the furrow for the sand retrieving plows (FIG. 25) located on the left and right sides of the production vehicle to collect and deliver to the funnel.

[0245] No. 179 is the continuous belt of single layer plastic sheet.

[0246] No. 179A is the rubber cover of the steel roller. It operates to deliver the plastic sheet to the flat platform.

[0247] No. 180 is a guide slot formed between two plates spaced from one another.

[0248] No. 181 is the shaped funnel.

[0249] No. 182 is the heated slide fastener which operates to link the two edges of the plastic sheet together with a zipping action as well as heat seal function for forming the plastic round tube.

[0250] No. 183 is a groove formed in front of the round dispensing tube of the funnel to facilitate the flow of sand into the funnel.

[0251] No. 184 is a round curve tube having two outlets.

[0252] No. 185 is an electric motor.

[0253] No. 186 is a worm drive located in the sand collector.

[0254] No. 187 is the plow.

[0255] No. 188 is a motor operated lifting device for operating the plow and the sand collector.

[0256] No. 189 is the furrow plow.

[0257] No. 189A is a vehicle for tying the elongated sand bag into separate sections as well as forming openings (FIG. 5E) in the bag so that these openings may admit rain water into the bag and seeds may be planted in the bag through them.

[0258]
FIG. 24 is a sectional side elevation view along section line E-E of FIG. 23.

[0259]
FIG. 25 is the sectional side elevation view of the sand collector.

[0260] No. 190 is a steel cylinder.

[0261] No. 191 is a steel rotary shaft.

[0262] No. 192 is the spiral fin of the worm drive welded on the drive shaft which is rotated by the motor.

[0263] No. 193 is the outer housing of the ball shaped shaft, which is attached to the sand scoop.

[0264] No. 194 is the electrical connection terminal block.

[0265] No. 195 is the exit hopper which extends into the funnel located above the plastic sheet

[0266]
FIG. 26 is a sectional side elevation view along sectional line F-F of FIG. 23.

[0267]
FIG. 27 is the manually fabricated flexible soft brick.

[0268] No. 196 is the tongue and groove joint for sealing the bag.

[0269] No. 197 is the hole for expelling air from the bag, or for admitting water into the bag, or for draining water from the bag.

[0270] No. 198 is the reinforcing ring around the hole to prevent tear.

[0271] No. 199 is the plastic sheet.

[0272] No. 200 is the sand and soil.

[0273] No. 201 is the strengthening belt.

[0274] No. 202 is the sliding hook mounted on the strengthening belt.

[0275] No. 203 is the holding ring for the strengthening belt.

[0276] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0277] 1. Human must use their intelligence and logic to carry out reforestation and elimination of the harmful effects and consequences of the previously discussed soil erosion due to water erosion and sand storm. Use of reinforced concrete and sand dykes can not prevent water erosion completely. More importantly it must be remembered that running water in streams results from accumulation of droplets of rain. Water saving and preventing water soil erosion must be addressed at the same time. Land scatters widely but it all belong to us, to the grass roots and to the farmers. Reinforced steel concrete dams are built at selected fixed locations, they belong to those locations, to industries, and to the engineers. Sand and soil are basically heavy in weight; however, they may be eroded by water and wind to cause disasters. Utilizing such primitive resources to make building material is really a precious approach. The present invention based on such principle to create the flexible soft brick fabricated by holding the primitive natural material on earth with plastic bags produced with advanced technology in order to achieve the incredible engineering project for the earth. For example, as shown in FIG. 23 a desert improving vehicle can be used to fabricate a mile long flexible soft brick. It simplifies a complicated process and eliminates the side effect of requiring large monetary investment.(For example, requiring a large loan from the bank). It, based on the above principle, realistically provides the unique method for reforesting the earth

[0278] 2. Reforestation is a goal in protecting water erosion of the sand and soil as well as saving water. Normally, reforestation requires many years of good weather and rainfalls to achieve. The present invention eliminates such long time requirement. The method may be carried out immediately daily to provide protection of the soil and to save water, the result is equivalent to the benefit which can only be provided by ten-year old matured trees. It also provides protection of the newly planted trees and grass from harmful natural phenomena so that they may grow safely to maturity.

[0279] 3. It provides an industrial mass production process for planting trees in a large scale. It improves production while reduces pollution of earth's important resources, and helps to reduce the greenhouse effect, and the threat of bad changes in the weather.

[0280] 4. From now on, fertile lands are no longer cut off by deserts, and it is not necessary to move Beijin to the south to avoid the sand storm.

[0281] 5. The inventor thanks God for granting him the wisdom to create such easy method for curing the survival problem of the earth. In view of the importance of wisdom and education, the inventor is willing to devote 30% of the profit derived from the present invention to students of poor families towards their education, whose parents are unable to afford such expenses. The whole amount to be used to supplement the school expenses and the student's living expenses. Another 20% is to be devoted to poor seniors.

[0282] 6. To address the problem that government may not afford to finance the present high efficiency tree planting process, and commerce may not be interested in doing so because of little financial return, I think the method may be tried by plant trees in the mountains in Indonesia and Thailand.

[0283] 7. It manufactures building material with low demand natural material that reduces pollution, and using the material to solve the earth's problems because of soil erosion and loss of water resource.

[0284] 8. It attracts more investment from the city dwellers, and encourages villagers to save more of the water resources for their livelihood and to prevent flood, and it also creates more works in the villages.

[0285] 9 It may cooperate with the modem advanced engineering techniques to formulate the method for eliminating the cause of flood disasters.

METHOD AND DEVICES FOR FORESTATION AND FLOOD PREVENTION

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