Patent Grant
11896540
This disclosure relates to exercise machines. More specifically, this disclosure relates to a therapeutic method and system for an exercise protocol for osteogenesis and/or muscular hypertrophy.
Osteogenic isometric exercise and/or rehabilitation and/or strength training equipment is used to facilitate isometric exercises. A user may perform an exercise (e.g., bench press, pull down, arm curl, etc.) using the osteogenic isometric exercise and/or rehabilitation and/or strength training equipment to improve osteogenesis, bone growth, bone density, muscular hypertrophy, or some combination thereof. The isometric exercise and/or rehabilitation and/or strength training equipment may include non-movable portions onto which the user adds load. For example, to perform a leg-press-style exercise, the user may sit in a seat, place each of their feet on a respective foot plate, and push on the feet plate with their feet while the feet plate remain in the same position.
Representative embodiments set forth herein disclose a therapeutic method and system for a single exercise protocol for osteogenesis and/or muscular hypertrophy. As used herein, the term “exercise machine” and “isometric exercise and rehabilitation assembly” may be used interchangeably. The term “exercise machine” and the term “isometric exercise and rehabilitation assembly” may also refer to an osteogenic, strength training, isometric exercise, and/or rehabilitation assembly.
In one embodiment, a method is disclosed for implementing an exercise protocol by using an exercise machine. The method includes initiating, based on the exercise protocol, a warmup session for a first exercise. The warmup session includes providing a first indication to be presented in a user interface, and the first indication instructs a user to add a first target load threshold, for a first period of time, to one or more portions of the exercise machine. The one or more portions are associated with the first exercise. The method also includes determining the warmup session is complete after the first period of time elapses, and responsive to determining the warmup session is complete, initiating, based on the exercise protocol, a resting session for the first exercise, such that the resting session includes providing a second indication to be presented on the user interface. The second indication instructs the user to not add any load, for a second period of time, to the one or more portions. The method also includes determining the resting session is complete after the second period of time elapses, and responsive to determining the resting session is complete, initiating, based on the exercise protocol, an exercise session for the first exercise, such that the exercise session includes providing a third indication to be presented on the user interface. The third indication instructs the user to add a second target load threshold, for a third period of time, to the one or more portions, wherein the second target load threshold is greater than the first target load threshold.
In one embodiment, a method is disclosed for presenting a user interface to facilitate performance of an exercise protocol by using an exercise machine. The method includes presenting a first indication on the user interface. The first indication indicates a warmup session for the exercise protocol is initiated for a first exercise, and the first indication instructs a user to add a first target load threshold, for a first period of time, to one or more portions of the exercise machine. The one or more portions are associated with the first exercise. The method also includes presenting a second indication on the user interface. The second indication indicates a resting session for the exercise protocol is initiated for the first exercise, and the second indication instructs the user to not add any load, for a second period of time, to the one or more portions of the exercise machine. The method also includes presenting a third indication on the user interface. The third indication indicates an exercise session of the exercise protocol is initiated for the first exercise, and the third indication instructs the user to add a second target load threshold, for a third period of time, to the one or more portions, wherein the second target load threshold is greater than the first target load threshold.
In one embodiment, a system comprises a memory device storing instructions and a processing device operatively coupled to the memory device, wherein the processing device is configured to execute the instructions to initiate, based on an exercise protocol, a warmup session for a first exercise, such that the warmup session includes providing a first indication to be presented in a user interface, and the first indication instructs a user to add a first target load threshold, for a first period of time, to one or more portions of the exercise machine. The one or more portions are associated with the first exercise. The processing device is configured to determine the warmup session is complete after the first period of time elapses. Responsive to determining the warmup session is complete, the processing device is configured to initiate, based on the exercise protocol, a resting session for the first exercise, such that the resting session comprises providing a second indication to be presented on the user interface, and the second indication instructs the user to not add any load, for a second period of time, to the one or more portions. The processing device is configured to determine the resting session is complete after the second period of time elapses. Responsive to determining the resting session is complete, the processing device is configured to initiate, based on the exercise protocol, an exercise session for the first exercise, such that the exercise session includes providing a third indication to be presented on the user interface, and the third indication instructs the user to add a second target load threshold, for a third period of time, to the one or more portions. The second target load threshold is greater than the first target load threshold. Other technical features may be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the following figures, descriptions, and claims.
For a detailed description of example embodiments, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings in which:
Various terms are used to refer to particular system components. Different entities may refer to a component by different names—this document does not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following discussion and in the claims, the terms “including” and “comprising” are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean “including, but not limited to . . . ” Also, the term “couple” or “couples” is intended to mean either an indirect or direct connection. Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct connection or through an indirect connection via other devices and connections.
Various terms are used to refer to particular system components. Different entities may refer to a component by different names—this document does not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following discussion and in the claims, the terms “including” and “comprising” are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean “including, but not limited to . . . ” Also, the term “couple” or “couples” is intended to mean either an indirect or direct connection. Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct connection or through an indirect connection via other devices and connections.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.
The terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections; however, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numerical terms, when used herein, do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments. The phrase “at least one of,” when used with a list of items, means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, and only one item in the list may be needed. For example, “at least one of: A, B, and C” includes any of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A and B and C. In another example, the phrase “one or more” when used with a list of items means there may be one item or any suitable number of items exceeding one.
Spatially relative terms, such as “inner,” “outer,” “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” “top,” “bottom,” and the like, may be used herein. These spatially relative terms can be used for ease of description to describe one element's or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. The spatially relative terms may also be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use, or operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.
Moreover, various functions described below can be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs, each of which is formed from computer readable program code and embodied in a computer readable medium. The terms “application” and “program” refer to one or more computer programs, software components, sets of instructions, procedures, functions, objects, classes, instances, related data, or a portion thereof adapted for implementation in a suitable computer readable program code. The phrase “computer readable program code” includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code. The phrase “computer readable medium” includes any type of medium capable of being accessed by a computer, such as read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a hard disk drive, a compact disc (CD), a digital video disc (DVD), solid state drives (SSDs), flash memory, or any other type of memory. A “non-transitory” computer readable medium excludes wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transport transitory electrical or other signals. A non-transitory computer readable medium includes media where data can be permanently stored and media where data can be stored and later overwritten, such as a rewritable optical disc or an erasable memory device.
The terms “exercise machine” and “isometric exercise and rehabilitation assembly” may be used interchangeably herein.
The term “session” when used in the context of an exercise protocol refers to a segment of the exercise protocol.
As used herein, “one-repetition” as applied to a type of exercise (e.g., isometric) refers to performing a single repetition of that type of exercise to increase a maximum strength of the muscles affected by the exercise.
The term “one or more portions” when used in the context of an exercise machine refers to one or more areas (e.g., load handles and/or feet plates) of the exercise machine to which one or more loads may be added during a particular exercise. For example, the one or more portions may comprise one or more load handles to which one or more loads are added during a chest press exercise.
Definitions for other certain words and phrases are provided throughout this patent document. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that in many if not most instances, such definitions apply to prior as well as future uses of such defined words and phrases.
The subject matter of each of U.S. Pat. No. 10,226,663, issued Mar. 12, 2019; U.S. Pat. No. 10,173,094, issued Jan. 8, 2019; U.S. Pat. No. 10,173,095, issued Jan. 8, 2019; U.S. Pat. No. 10,173,096, issued Jan. 8, 2019; U.S. Pat. No. 10,173,097, issued Jan. 8, 2019; and U.S. Pat. No. 10,646,746, issued May 12, 2020; and U.S. pending patent application Ser. No. 16/812,462 filed Mar. 9, 2020; Ser. No. 16/813,158 filed Mar. 9, 2020; Ser. No. 16/813,224 filed Mar. 9, 2020; and Ser. No. 16/813,303 filed Mar. 9, 2020, is incorporated herein by reference.
Research has shown there is a correlation between generating increased bone density (e.g., caused by osteogenesis) and increased one-repetition isometric maximum strength (e.g., caused by muscular hypertrophy). Conventional exercise machines do not implement an automated exercise protocol promoting increased bone density and increased one-repetition isometric maximum strength.
Accordingly, some embodiments of the present disclosure implement an exercise protocol for triggering osteogenesis to increase bone density and/or for triggering muscular hypertrophy to increase one-repetition isometric maximum strength. The exercise protocol may be implemented for a number of different exercises performed on an exercise machine. The exercises may include, but are not limited to, chest press, leg press, suitcase lift, arm curl, and/or core pull. One or more of the exercises may be included in an exercise plan. For example, the exercise plan may specify an order (e.g., chest press, leg press, suitcase lift, arm curl, core pull) for performing the exercises. Using the exercise protocol for each of the various exercises in an exercise plan, a user's bone density and one-repetition maximum isometric strength may be improved for a respective exercised body portion.
The exercise machine may include a control system. For each exercise performed by the user on the exercise machine, the control system may implement an exercise protocol. The exercise protocol may include a therapeutic sequence of sessions for a user to perform to cause osteogenesis and/or muscular hypertrophy. For each exercise, the exercise protocol may include the same sessions (e.g., configuration, warmup, resting, and/or exercise), or, for each exercises, the exercise protocol may include different sessions. The sessions may be associated with differing or the same periods of time specified to be performed, and/or techniques to be employed by the user during the exercise. Further, some of the sessions may include target load thresholds to be applied by the user for the periods of time.
The exercise protocol may include a configuration session specifying precise positions for the user's body, such that, for a particular exercise, the user is enabled to generate a maximum force on the muscles and the bones involved in that particular exercise. Further, during the configuration session, proper configurations and/or adjustments of moveable parts on the exercise machine may be specified based on one or more characteristics (e.g., height, weight, age, gender, medical condition, etc.) of the user. During the configuration session, the control system may determine whether the exercise machine has been adjusted to properly accommodate the user for the specific exercise being performed.
The exercise protocol may include a warmup session designed to prepare the neuromuscular system and/or bones by performing one repetition of a specific exercise. The warmup session may include, for a first time period (e.g., 5 seconds), instructing the user to add a first target load threshold to one or more portions of the exercise machine. In some embodiments, the first target load threshold may comprise a percentage (e.g., 50 percent) of the maximum force applied by the user to the one or more portions during a previous exercise. A maximum perceived force may be specified when the maximum force has not yet been stored for the user. For example, the maximum force may not be stored when the user performs the exercise for the first time. When used in the context of the warmup session, a percentage of one of the maximum force and a maximum perceived force may be referred to as the “first target load threshold” herein.
Upon completion of the warmup session, the exercise protocol may initiate a resting session. The resting session may include, for a second period of time, instructing the user through the user interface to not add any load to the one or more portions of the exercise machine. The second period of time may be selected such that preparation for osteogenesis is optimized. For example, 30 seconds may be selected for the second period of time, as research has indicated that 30 seconds provides the bone system an optimal amount of rest before the bone system begins the osteogenic process.
Upon completion of the resting session, the exercise protocol may initiate an exercise session. The exercise session may include, for a third period of time (e.g., 5 seconds), instructing the user through the user interface to add a second target load threshold to the one or more portions. In some embodiments, the second target load threshold may comprise a percentage (e.g., 100 percent) of the maximum force. When used in the context of the exercise session, a percentage of one of the maximum force and the maximum perceived force may be referred to as the “second target load threshold” herein.
The second target load threshold may be greater than the first target load threshold. During the exercise session, the amount of force applied by the user may provide a sufficient amount of strain on the user's bones to increase osteogenesis and/or a sufficient amount of load on the muscles to increase muscular hypertrophy.
Load cells may measure the force applied or load added, by the user, to one or more portions of the exercise machine, where the one or more portions are associated with the exercise being performed. The one or more portions may include feet plates and/or handles. If the load measurements are less than a target load threshold (e.g., percentage, fraction, amount, level, etc.), an encouraging message may be presented on the user interface, such that the encouraging message instructs the user to continue adding load to the load cells to reach the target load threshold. The phrase “adding load to the load cells” may refer to adding load in a single action at one time or a series of loads added in a series of actions at different times. In some embodiments, the target load threshold may be a previous maximum amount of weight lifted, pressed, or pulled by the user performing that particular exercise. In some embodiments, the target load threshold may be a percentage of the previous maximum amount of weight lifted, pressed, or pulled by the user performing that particular exercise. During each exercise session, the control system may be configured to encourage the user to achieve a new maximum amount of weight lifted, pressed, or pulled.
Each user may exercise and attempt to exceed these target load thresholds, and as a result, may experience greater osteogenesis. The exercise protocol may guide the user through various sessions tailored to optimize osteogenesis and/or muscular hypertrophy for the user. Accordingly, the disclosed techniques may improve a user experience with the exercise machine and/or using a computing device of the exercise machine by implementing the exercise protocol. Also, the disclosed techniques may improve technology related to exercise machines by implementing an automated exercise protocol for osteogenesis and/or muscular hypertrophy. Further, the disclosed techniques may congratulate or otherwise reward the user or reinforce the user's behavior when the target load thresholds are exceeded.
Osteogenesis
As typically healthy people grow from infants to children to adults, they experience bone growth. Such, growth, however, typically stops at approximately age 30. After that point, without interventions as described herein, bone loss (called osteoporosis), can start to occur. This does not mean that the body stops creating new bone. Rather, it means that the rate at which it creates new bone tends to slow, while the rate at which bone loss occurs tends to increase.
In addition, as people age and/or become less active than they once were, they may experience muscle loss. For example, muscles that are not used often may reduce in muscle mass. As a result, the muscles become weaker. In some instances, people may be affected by a disease, such as muscular dystrophy, that causes the muscles to become progressively weaker and to have reduced muscle mass. To increase the muscle mass and/or reduce the rate of muscle loss, people may exercise a muscle to cause muscular hypertrophy, thereby strengthening the muscle as the muscle grows. Muscular hypertrophy may refer to an increase in a size of skeletal muscle through a growth in size of its component cells. There are two factors that contribute to muscular hypertrophy, (i) sarcoplasmic hypertrophy (increase in muscle glycogen storage), and (ii) myofibrillar hypertrophy (increase in myofibril size). The growth in the cells may be caused by an adaptive response that serves to increase an ability to generate force or resist fatigue.
The rate at which such bone or muscle loss occurs generally accelerates as people age. A net growth in bone can ultimately become a net loss in bone, longitudinally across time. In an average case, but noting that significant individual variations in age do occur, by the time women are over 50 and men are over 70, net bone loss can reach a point where brittleness of the bones is so great that an increased risk of life-altering fractures can occur. Examples of such fractures include fractures of the hip and femur. Of course, fractures can also occur due to participation in athletics or due to accidents. In such cases, it is just as relevant to have a need for bone growth which heals or speeds the healing of the fracture.
To understand why such fractures occur, it is useful to recognize that bone is itself porous, with a somewhat-honeycomb like structure. This structure may be dense and therefore stronger or it may be variegated, spread out and/or sparse, such latter structure being incapable of continuously or continually supporting the weight (load) stresses experienced in everyday living. When such loads exceed the support capability of the structure at a stressor point or points, a fracture occurs. This is true whether the individual had a fragile bone structure or a strong one: it is a matter of physics, of the literal “breaking point.”
It is therefore preferable to have a means of mitigating or ameliorating bone loss and of healing fractures; and, further, of encouraging new bone growth, thus increasing the density of the structure described hereinabove, thus increasing the load-bearing capacities of same, thus making first or subsequent fractures less likely to occur, and thus improving the individual's quality of life. The process of bone growth itself is referred to as osteogenesis, literally the creation of bone.
It is also preferable to have a means for mitigating or ameliorating muscle mass loss and weakening of the muscles. Further, it is preferable to encourage muscle growth by increasing the muscle mass through exercise. The increased muscle mass may enable a person to exert more force with the muscle and/or to resist fatigue in the muscle for a longer period of time.
In order to create new bone, at least three factors are necessary. First, the individual must have a sufficient intake of calcium, but second, in order to absorb that calcium, the individual must have a sufficient intake and absorption of Vitamin D, a matter problematic for those who have cystic fibrosis, who have undergone gastric bypass surgery or have other absorption disorders or conditions which limit absorption. Separately, supplemental estrogen for women and supplemental testosterone for men can further ameliorate bone loss. On the other hand, abuse of alcohol and smoking can harm one's bone structure. Medical conditions such as, without limitation, rheumatoid arthritis, renal disease, overactive parathyroid glands, diabetes or organ transplants can also exacerbate osteoporosis. Ethical pharmaceuticals such as, without limitation, hormone blockers, seizure medications and glucocorticoids are also capable of inducing such exacerbations. But even in the absence of medical conditions as described hereinabove, Vitamin D and calcium taken together may not create osteogenesis to the degree necessary or possible; or ameliorate bone loss to the degree necessary or possible.
To achieve such a degree of osteogenesis, therefore, one must add in the third factor: exercise. Specifically, one must subject one's bones to a force at least equal to certain multiple of body weight, such multiples varying depending on the individual and the specific bone in question. As used herein, “MOB” means Multiples of Body Weight. It has been determined through research that subjecting a given bone to a certain threshold MOB (this may also be known as a “weight-bearing exercise”), even for an extremely short period of time, one simply sufficient to exceed the threshold MOB, encourages and fosters osteogenesis in that bone.
Further, a person can achieve muscular hypertrophy by exercising the muscles for which increased muscle mass is desired. Strength training and/or resistance exercise may cause muscle tissue to increase. For example, pushing against or pulling on a stationary object with a certain amount of force may trigger the cells in the associated muscle to change and cause the muscle mass to increase.
The subject matter disclosed herein relates to a machine and methods and apparatuses appurtenant thereto, not only capable of enabling an individual, preferably an older, less mobile individual or preferably an individual recovering from a fracture, to engage easily in osteogenic exercises, but capable of using self-calibrating target load thresholds, such that the person using the machine can be immediately informed through visual and/or other sensorial feedback, that the osteogenic threshold has been exceeded, thus triggering osteogenesis for the subject bone (or bones) and further indicating that the then-present exercise may be terminated, enabling the person to move to a next machine-enabled exercise to enable osteogenesis in a preferably different bone or bones.
For those with any or all of the osteoporosis-exacerbating medical conditions described herein, such a machine can slow the rate of net bone loss by enabling osteogenesis to occur without exertions which would not be possible for someone whose health is fragile, not robust. Another benefit of the disclosed techniques, therefore, is enhancing a rate of healing of fractures in athletically robust individuals.
Last, while this discussion has focused purely on osteogenesis, an additional benefit is that partaking in exercises which focus on osteogenesis may, in certain embodiments, also increase muscle strength and, as a physiological system, musculoskeletal strength.
Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy is defined as an increase in volume or bulk of a tissue or organ produced entirely by enlargement of existing cells. Hypertrophy as described herein specifically refers to muscle hypertrophy. The exercises performed using the disclosed apparatus may involve the following types of muscle contractions: concentric contractions (shorten), eccentric contractions (lengthen), and isometric contractions (remain the same).
Bone Exercises and their Benefits
The following exercises achieve bone strengthening results by exposing relevant parts of a user to isometric forces which are selected multiples of body weight (MOB) of the user, a threshold level above which bone mineral density increases. The specific MOB-multiple threshold necessary to effect such increases will naturally vary from individual to individual and may be more or less for any given individual. “Bone-strengthening,” as used herein, specifically includes, without limitation, a process of osteogenesis, whether due to the creation of new bone as a result of an increase in the bone mineral density; or proximately to the introduction or causation of microfractures in the underlying bone. The exercises referred to are as follows.
Leg Press
An isometric leg-press-style exercise to improve muscular strength in the following key muscle groups: gluteals, hamstrings, quadriceps, spinal extensors and grip muscles, as well as to increase resistance to skeletal fractures in leg bones such as the femur. In one example, the leg-press-style exercise can be performed at approximately 4.2 MOB or more of the user.
Chest Press
An isometric chest-press-style exercise to improve muscular strength in the following key muscle groups: pectorals, deltoids, and triceps and grip muscles, as well as to increase resistance to skeletal fractures in the humerus, clavicle, radial, ulnar and rib pectoral regions. In one example, the chest-press-style exercise can be performed at approximately 2.5 MOB or more of the user.
Suitcase Lift
An isometric suitcase-lift-style exercise to improve muscular strength in the following key muscle groups: gluteals, hamstrings, quadriceps, spinal extensors, abdominals, and upper back and grip muscles, as well as to increase resistance to skeletal fractures in the femur and spine. In one example, the suitcase-lift-style exercise can be performed at approximately 2.5 MOB or more of the user.
Arm Curl
An isometric arm-curl-style exercise to improve muscular strength in the following key muscle groups: biceps, brachialis, brachioradialis, grip muscles and trunk, as well as to increase resistance to skeletal fractures in the humerus, ribs and spine. In one example, the arm-curl-style exercise can be performed at approximately 1.5 MOB or more of the user.
Core Pull
An isometric core-pull-style exercise to improve muscular strength in the following key muscle groups: elbow flexors, grip muscles, latissimus dorsi, hip flexors and trunk, as well as to increase resistance to skeletal fractures in the ribs and spine. In one example, the core-pull-style exercise can be performed at approximately 1.5 MOB or more of the user.
Grip Strength
A grip-strengthening-style exercise which may preferably be situated around, or integrated with, a station in an exercise machine, in order to improve strength in the muscles of the hand, forearm, or other gripping extremity. Moreover, measurement of grip strength can be taken prior to, during, and/or after the grip-strengthening-style exercise is performed. Grip strength is medically salient because it has been positively correlated with a better state of health. Accordingly, measurements of grip strength can be used to in conjunction with and/or to guide, assist, or enhance the exercise and rehabilitation of a user. Furthermore, a measurement of grip strength during the grip-strengthening-style exercise can be used to provide real-time-feedback to the user. Such real-time-feedback during the grip-strengthening-style exercise can be used to challenge the user to increase a grip strength to further strengthen the muscles of the hand, forearm, or other gripping extremity.
In some embodiments, a balance board may be communicatively coupled to the control system. For example, the balance board may include a network interface that communicates with the control system via any suitable interface protocol (e.g., Bluetooth, WiFi, cellular). The balance board may include pressure sensors and may obtain measurements of locations and amount of pressure applied to the balance board. The measurements may be transmitted to the control system. The control system may present a game or interactive exercise on a user interface. The game or interactive exercise may modify screens or adjust graphics that are displayed based on the measurements received from the balance board. The balance board may be used by a user to perform any suitable type of plank (e.g., knee plank, regular feet and elbow plank, table plank with elbows, or the like). Accordingly, the balance board may be configured to be used with arms on the balance board, knees on the balance board, and/or feet standing on the balance board. The games or interactive exercises may encourage the user during the game or interactive exercises to increase compliance and neuro-motor control after a surgery, for example.
The exercise machine, balance board, wristband, goniometer, and/or any suitable accessory may be used for various reasons in various markets. For example, users may use the exercise machine, balance board, wristband, goniometer, and/or any suitable accessory in the orthopedic market if the users suffer from chronic musculosketal pain (e.g., knees, hips, shoulders, and back). The exercise machine, balance board, wristband, goniometer, and/or any suitable accessory may be used to help with prehabilitation (prehab), as well as optimize post-surgical outcomes. Users may use the exercise machine, balance board, wristband, goniometer, and/or any suitable accessory in the back and neck pain market if the users suffer with chronic back and neck pain and they want to avoid surgery and experience long-term relief, as well as users that are in recovery following surgery. Users may use the exercise machine, balance board, wristband, goniometer, and/or any suitable accessory in the cardiovascular market if they desire to prevent or recover from life-threatening cardiovascular disease, especially heart attacks and stroke. Users may use the exercise machine, balance board, wristband, goniometer, and/or any suitable accessory in the neurological market if they desire to recover from stroke, or have conditions like Parkinson's Disease and/or Multiple Sclerosis, and the users desire to achieve better balance, strength, and muscle symmetry in order to slow progression of the medical condition.
In the following description, details are set forth to facilitate an understanding of the present disclosure. In some instances, certain structures and techniques have not been described or shown in detail in order not to obscure the disclosure.
The following discussion is directed to various embodiments of the present disclosure. Although these embodiments are given as examples, the embodiments disclosed should not be interpreted, or otherwise used, as limiting the scope of the disclosure, including the claims. In addition, one of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the following description has broad application. The discussion of any embodiment is meant only to be exemplary of that embodiment. Thus, the discussion is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to that embodiment.
Exercise machines can provide isometric exercises to facilitate osteogenesis and muscle hypertrophy. Such exercise machines can include equipment in which there are no moving parts while the user is performing an isometric exercise. While there may be some flexing: (i) under load, (ii) incidental movement resulting from the tolerances of interlocking parts, and (iii) parts that can move while a user performs adjustments on the exercise machines, these flexions and movements can comprise, without limitation, exercise machines capable of isometric exercise and rehabilitation. In addition, such exercise machines may also include equipment or devices including moving parts to provide dynamic exercises to facilitate osteogenesis and muscle hypertrophy. A dynamic exercise can be, but is not limited to, an exercise where a user participates in an activity where the user moves and some resistance or load is provided against the movement of the user.
For each exercise that is performed by the user on the exercise machine, the control system, of the exercise machine, may implement the exercise protocol. For each exercise, the exercise protocol may include the same sessions (e.g., configuration, warmup, resting, and/or exercise), or, for different exercises, the exercise protocol may include different sessions. One or more of the sessions may specify a target load threshold to be added, during the one more sessions, to a portion of the exercise machine. Further, a period of time for the user to continue to apply the force may also be specified by the one or more sessions.
The control system may determine the target load threshold based on the maximum force applied, to the one or more portions of the exercise machine, by the user during a previous exercise. In some embodiments, one or more target load thresholds may be determined (e.g., a left target load threshold for a left side of the body and a right target load threshold for a right side of the body). The control system may cause the target load threshold to be represented on a user interface while the user performs the exercise on the exercise machine.
The control system may receive one or more load measurements associated with forces exerted or loads applied by both the left and right sides on left and right portions (e.g., handles, foot plate or platform) of the exercise machine to enhance osteogenesis, bone growth, bone density improvement, and/or muscle mass. The one or more load measurements may be a left load measurement of a load added to a left load cell on a left portion of the exercise machine and a right load measurement of a load added to a right load cell on a right portion of the exercise machine. The user interface may be provided by the control system that presents visual representations of the separately measured left load and right load when the respective left load and right load are added to the respective left load cell and right load cell at the subject portions of the exercise machine.
The control system may compare the one or more load measurements (e.g., raw load measurements, or averaged load measurements) to the one or more target load thresholds. In some embodiments, a single load measurement may be compared to a single specific target load threshold (e.g., a one-to-one relationship). In some embodiments, a single load measurement may be compared to more than one specific target load threshold (e.g., a one-to-many relationship). In some embodiments, more than one load measurement may be compared to a single specific target load threshold (e.g., a many-to-one relationship). In some embodiments, more than one load measurement may be compared to more than one specific target load threshold (e.g., a many-to-many relationship).
The control system may determine whether the one or more load measurements exceed the one or more target load thresholds. Responsive to determining that the one or more load measurements exceed the one or more target load thresholds, the control system may cause a user interface to present an indication that the one or more target load thresholds have been exceeded and an exercise is complete.
The network interface devices may enable communication via a wireless protocol for transmitting data over short distances, such as Bluetooth, ZigBee, near field communication (NFC), etc. In some embodiments, the computing device 12 is communicatively coupled to the exercise machine 100 via Bluetooth. Additionally, the network interface devices may enable communicating data over long distances, and in one example, the computing device 12 may communicate with a network 20. Network 20 may be a public network (e.g., connected to the Internet via wired (Ethernet) or wireless (WiFi)), a private network (e.g., a local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), virtual private network (VPN)), or a combination thereof.
The computing device 12 may be any suitable computing device, such as a laptop, tablet, smartphone, or computer. The computing device 12 may include a display that is capable of presenting a user interface 18 of an application 17. The application 17 may be implemented in computer instructions stored on the one or more memory devices of the computing device 12 and executable by the one or more processing devices of the computing device 12. The application 17 may be a stand-alone application that is installed on the computing device 12 or may be an application (e.g., website) that executes via a web browser. The user interface 18 may present various screens to a user that enable the user to login, enter personal information (e.g., health information; age; gender; activity level; bone geometry; weight; height; patient measurements; etc.), view an exercise plan, initiate an exercise in the exercise plan, view visual representations of left load measurements and right load measurements that are received from left load cells and right load cells during the exercise, view a weight in pounds that are pushed, lifted, or pulled during the exercise, view target load thresholds that are based on a maximum force applied by the user in a previous exercise, view an indication when the user has exceeded the target load thresholds, present instructions for various sessions of the exercise protocol, and so forth, as described in more detail below. The computing device 12 may also include instructions stored on the one or more memory devices that, when executed by the one or more processing devices of the computing device 12, perform operations to control the exercise machine 100.
The computing device 15 may execute an application 21. The application 21 may be implemented in computer instructions stored on the one or more memory devices of the computing device 15 and executable by the one or more processing devices of the computing device 15. The application 21 may present a user interface 22 including various screens to a physician, trainer, or caregiver that enable the person to create an exercise plan for a user based on a treatment (e.g., surgery, medical procedure, etc.) the user underwent and/or injury (e.g., sprain, tear, fracture, etc.) the user suffered, view progress of the user throughout the exercise plan, and/or view measured properties (e.g., force exerted on portions of the exercise machine 100) of the user during exercises of the exercise plan. The exercise plan specific to a patient may be transmitted via the network 20 to the cloud-based computing system 16 for storage and/or to the computing device 12 so the patient may begin the exercise plan. The exercise plan may specify one or more exercises that are available at the exercise machine 100.
The exercise machine 100 may be an osteogenic, muscular strengthening, isometric exercise and/or rehabilitation assembly. Solid state, static, or isometric exercise and rehabilitation equipment (e.g., exercise machine 100) can be used to facilitate osteogenic exercises that are isometric in nature and/or to facilitate muscular strengthening exercises. Such exercise and rehabilitation equipment can include equipment in which there are no moving parts while the user is exercising. While there may be some flexing under load, incidental movement resulting from the tolerances of interlocking parts, and parts that can move while performing adjustments on the exercise and rehabilitation equipment, these flexions and movements can comprise, without limitation, exercise and rehabilitation equipment from the field of isometric exercise and rehabilitation equipment.
The exercise machine 100 may include various load cells 110 disposed at various portions of the exercise machine 100. For example, one or more left load cells 110 may be located at one or more left feet plates or platforms, and one or more right load cells may be located at one or more right feet plates or platforms. Also, one or more left load cells may be located at one or more left handles, and one or more right load cells may be located at one or more right handles. Each exercise in the exercise system may be associated with both a left and a right portion (e.g., handle or foot plate) of the exercise machine 100. For example, a leg-press-style exercise is associated with a left foot plate and a right foot plate. The left load cell at the left foot plate and the right load cell at the right foot plate may independently measure a load added onto the left foot plate and the right foot plate, respectively, and transmit the left load measurement and the right load measurement to the computing device 12. The load added onto the load cells 110 may represent an amount of weight added onto the load cells. In some embodiments, the load added onto the load cells 110 may represent an amount of force exerted by the user on the load cells. Accordingly, the left load measurement and the right load measurement may be used to present a left force (e.g., in Newtons) and a right force (e.g., in Newtons). The left force and right force may be totaled and converted into a total weight in pounds for the exercise. Each of the left force, the right force, and/or the total weight in pounds may be presented on the user interface 18.
In some embodiments, the cloud-based computing system 16 may include one or more servers 28 that form a distributed, grid, and/or peer-to-peer (P2P) computing architecture. Each of the servers 28 may include one or more processing devices, memory devices, data storage, and/or network interface devices. The servers 28 may be in communication with one another via any suitable communication protocol. The servers 28 may store profiles for each of the users that use the exercise device 100. The profiles may include information about the users such as one or more maximum forces applied by the user during each exercise that can be performed using the exercise machine 100, exercise plans, a historical performance (e.g., loads applied to the left load cell and right load cell, total weight in pounds, etc.) for each type of exercise that can be performed using the exercise machine 100, health, age, race, credentials for logging into the application 17, and so forth.
During exercise, a user can grip and apply force to one of the pairs of load handles 104, 106, 108. The term “apply force” can include a single force, more than one force, a range of forces, etc. and may be used interchangeably with “addition of load”. Each load handle in the pairs of load handles 104, 106, 108 can include at least one load cell 110 for separately and independently measuring a force applied to, or a load added onto, respective load handles. Further, each foot plate 118 (e.g., a left foot plate and a right foot plate) can include at least one load cell 110 for separately and independently measuring a force applied to, or a load added onto, respective foot plates.
The placement of a load cell 110 in each pair of load handles 104, 106, 108 and/or feet plates 118 can provide the ability to read variations in force applied between the left and right sides of the user. This allows a user or trainer to understand relative strength. This is also useful in understanding strength when recovering from an injury.
In some embodiments, the assembly further can include the computing device 12. One or more of the load cells 110 can be individually in electrical communication with the computing device 12 either via a wired or wireless connection. In some embodiments, the user interface 18 presented via a display of the computing device 12 may indicate how to perform an exercise, how much load is being added, a target load threshold to be exceeded, historical information for the user about how much load was added at prior sessions, comparisons to averages, etc., as well as additional information, recommendations, notifications, and/or indications described herein.
In some embodiments, the assembly further includes a seat 112 supported by the frame 102 in which a user sits while applying force to the load handles and/or feet plates. In some embodiments, the seat 112 can include a support such as a backboard 114. In some embodiments, the position of the seat 112 is adjustable in a horizontal and/or vertical dimension. In some embodiments, the angle of the seat 112 is adjustable. In some embodiments, the angle of the backboard 114 is adjustable. Examples of how adjustments to the seat 112 and backboard 112 can be implemented include, but are not limited to, using telescoping tubes and pins, hydraulic pistons, electric motors, etc. In some embodiments, the seat 112 can further include a fastening system 116 (
In one example, the seat 112 can include a base 113 that is slidably mounted to a horizontal rail 111 of the frame 102. The seat 112 can be selectively repositionable and secured as indicated by the double-headed arrow. In another example, the seat 112 can include one or more supports 117 (e.g., two shown) that are slidably mounted to a substantially vertical rail 115 of the frame 102. The seat 112 can be selectively repositionable and secured as indicated by the double-headed arrow.
In some embodiments, a pair of feet plate 118 can be located angled toward and in front of the seat 112. The user can apply force to the feet plate 118 (
In some embodiments, adjustments can be made to the position of the pair of feet plate 118. For example, these adjustments can include the height of the pair of feet plate 118, the distance between the pair of feet plate 118 and the seat 112, the distance between each handle of the pair of feet plate 118, the angle of the pair of feet plate 118 relative to the user, etc. In some embodiments, to account for natural differences in limb length or injuries, each foot plate of the pair of feet plate 118 can be adjusted separately.
In some embodiments, a first pair of load handles 104 can be located above and in front of the seat 112. The user can apply force to the load handles 104 (
In some embodiments, adjustments can be made to the position of the first pair of load handles 104. For example, these adjustments can include the height of the first pair of load handles 104, the distance between the first pair of load handles 104 and the seat 112, the distance between each handle of the first pair of load handles 104, the angle of the first load handles 104 relative to the user, etc. In some embodiments, to account for natural differences in limb length or injuries, each handle of the first pair of load handles 104 can be adjusted separately.
In one example, the first pair of load handles 104 can include a sub-frame 103 that is slidably mounted to a vertical rail 105 of the frame 102. The first pair of load handles 104 can be selectively repositionable and secured as indicated by the double-headed arrow.
In some embodiments, a second pair of load handles 106 can be spaced apart from and in the front of the seat 112. While seated (
In some embodiments, adjustments can be made to the position of the second pair of load handles 106. These adjustments can include the height of the second pair of load handles 106, the distance between the second pair of load handles 106 and the seat 112, the distance between each handle of the second pair of load handles 106, the angle of the second load handles 106 relative to the user, etc. In some embodiments, to account for natural differences in limb length or injuries, each handle of the second pair of load handles 106 can be adjusted separately.
In one example, the second pair of load handles 106 can include the sub-frame 103 that is slidably mounted to the vertical rail 105 of the frame 102. The sub-frame 103 can be the same sub-frame 103 provided for the first pair of load handles 104, or a different, independent sub-frame. The second pair of load handles 106 can be selectively repositionable and secured as indicated by the double-headed arrow.
In some embodiments (
In some embodiments, adjustments can be made to the position of the third pair of load handles 108. These adjustments can include the height of the third pair of load handles 108, the distance between the third pair of load handles 108 and the seat 112, the distance between each handle of the third pair of load handles 108, the angle of the third load handles 108 relative to the user, etc. In some embodiments, to account for natural differences in limb length or injuries, each handle of the third pair of load handles 108 can be adjusted separately.
In one example, each load handle 108 of the third pair of load handles 108 can include a sub-frame 109 that is slidably mounted in or to a vertical tube 107 of the frame 102. Each load handle 108 of the third pair of load handles 108 can be selectively repositionable and secured as indicated by the double-headed arrows.
In other embodiments (not shown), the third pair of load handles 108 can be reconfigured to be coaxial and located horizontally in front of the user along an axis that is perpendicular to the vertical plane. The user can apply force to the third pair of load handles 108 in a deadlift-style exercise. Like the suitcase-lift-style exercise, the deadlift-style exercise can provide or enable osteogenesis, bone growth or bone density improvement for a portion of the skeletal system of the user. Further, the deadlift-style exercise can provide or enable muscular hypertrophy for one or more muscles of the user. In the deadlift-style exercise, the user can stand on the floor or a horizontal portion of the frame 102, bend their knees, hold the third pair of load handles 108 in front of them, and extend their legs to apply an upward force to the third pair of load handles 108. In some embodiments, the third pair of load handles 108 can be adjusted (e.g., rotated) from the described coaxial position used for the deadlift-style exercise, to the parallel position (
In general, the user interface 18 may present real-time visual feedback of the current load measurements or the current forces corresponding to the load measurements, a weight in pounds associated with the load measurements, target load thresholds, and indications when the target load thresholds are exceeded. The control system may provide various visual, audio, and/or haptic feedback when the user exceeds their target load thresholds.
As depicted, the user interface 18 presents a left load measurement 1000 as a left force and a right load measurement 1002 as a right force in real-time or near real-time as the user is pressing on the second pair of handles 106. The values of the forces for the left load measurement 1000 and the right load measurement 1002 are presented. There are separate visual representations for the left load measurement 1000 and the right load measurement 1002. In some embodiments, these load measurements 1000 and 1002 may be represented in a bar chart, line chart, graph, or any suitable visual representation. In some embodiments, a left target load threshold and a right target load threshold for the user may be presented on the user interface 18. In some embodiments, the left and right target load thresholds may be different. For example, if the user fractured their left arm and is rehabilitating the left arm, but the user's right arm is healthy, the left target load threshold may be different from the right target load threshold.
If the left load measurement 1000 exceeds the left target load threshold, an indication (e.g., starburst) may be presented on the user interface 18 indicating that the left target load threshold has been exceeded and/or osteogenesis has been triggered in one or more portions of the body. If the right load measurement 1002 exceeds the right target load threshold, an indication (e.g., starburst) may be presented on the user interface 18 indicating that the right target load threshold has been exceeded and/or osteogenesis has been triggered in another portion of the body. Further, if either or both of the left and right target load thresholds are exceeded, the indication may indicate that the exercise is complete and a congratulatory message may be presented on the user interface 18.
In some embodiments, there may be a single target load threshold to which both the left load measurement and the right load measurement are compared. For example, the target load threshold may be a maximum force applied, as detected, at the portions during a previous exercise, by the load cells 110. If either of the left or right load measurement exceed the single target load threshold, the above-described indication may be presented on the user interface 18.
In some embodiments, more than one target load threshold may be used. For example, a left target load threshold may be a maximum force applied, as detected, at the left portion during a previous exercise, by the load cells 110. A right target load threshold may be a maximum force applied, as detected, at the right portion during a previous exercise, by the load cells 110. If either of the left or right load measurement exceed the left or right target load threshold, respectively, the above-described indication may be presented on the user interface 18.
Further, a total weight 1004 in pounds that is determined based on the left and right load measurements is presented on the user interface 18. The total weight 1004 may dynamically change as the user adds load onto the load cells 110. A target weight 1006 for the exercise for the current day is also presented. This target weight 1006 may be determined based on the user's historical performance for the exercise. If the total weight 1004 exceeds the target weight 1006, an indication (e.g., starburst) may be presented on the user interface 18 indicating that osteogenesis and/or muscular hypertrophy has been triggered. Further, the indication may indicate that the exercise is complete and a congratulatory message may be presented on the user interface 18. In some embodiments, another message may be presented on the user interface 18 that encourages the user to continue adding load to set a new personal maximum record for the exercise.
Additionally, the user interface 18 may present a left grip strength 1008 and a right grip strength 1010. In some embodiments, the left grip strength 1008 and the right grip strength 1010 may be determined based on the left load measurement and the right load measurement, respectively. Numerical values representing the left grip strength 1008 and the right grip strength 1010 are displayed. Any suitable visual representation may be used to present the grip strengths (e.g., bar chart, line chart, etc.). The grip strengths may only be presented when the user is performing an exercise using handles.
The user interface 18 may also present a prompt 1012 that indicates the body position the user should be in to perform the exercise, as well as indicate which body portions will be targeted by performing the exercise. The user interface 18 may present other current and historical information related to the user performing the particular exercise. For example, the user interface 18 may present a visual representation 1014 of the user's maximum weight lifted, pressed, pulled, or otherwise exerted force for the day or a current exercise session. The user interface 18 may present a visual representation 1016 of the user's previous maximum weight lifted, pressed, pulled, or otherwise exerted force. The user interface 18 may present a visual representation 1018 of the user's maximum weight lifted, pressed, pulled, or otherwise exerted force the first time the user performed the exercise. The user interface 18 may present one or more visual representations 1020 for a weekly goal including how many sessions should be performed in the week and progress of the sessions as they are being performed. The user interface 18 may present a monthly goal including how many sessions should be performed in the month and progress of the sessions as they are being performed. Additional information and/or indications (e.g., incentivizing messages, recommendations, warnings, congratulatory messages, etc.) may be presented on the user interface 18, as discussed further below.
In some embodiments, the processing device may determine, prior to initiating 1902 the warmup session of the exercise protocol, whether the exercise machine 100 has been properly adjusted to accommodate the user during the first exercise. This determination may be made during a configuration session for the exercise protocol. The processing device may use information pertaining to the user, such as height, weight, age, gender, etc. to determine, for the user, the proper adjustments to and/or positions of components associated with the first exercise. The processing device may present instructions on the user interface 18, where the instructions instruct the user to adjust the portions to the proper positions. The processing device may receive input from the user indicating that the portions have been adjusted and/or positioned as instructed.
In some embodiments, proper techniques for performing the first exercise may be used to determine the adjustments to and/or positions of the portions associated with the first exercise. For example, for a leg-press-style exercise, a technique may specify that the user sit in the chair and place their feet against feet plates with 30 degrees of knee flexion. Using the information of the user, the processing device may determine the adjustments to and/or positions of the feet plates, the seat, etc. to enable the 30 degrees of knee flexion.
At 1902, the processing device may initiate, based on the exercise protocol, a warmup session for a first exercise (e.g., chest press, leg press, arm curl, suitcase lift, or core pull). The first exercise may cause osteogenesis and/or muscular hypertrophy. The exercise protocol may be retrieved from a memory device of the computing device 12, received from the computing device 15, or received from the cloud-based computing system 16. The warmup session may include providing an indication to be presented on the user interface 18. The indication may, for a first period of time (e.g., 1-10 seconds), instruct the user to add to one or more portions of the exercise machine 100 a first target load threshold. The first period of time and the first target load threshold may be presented on the user interface 18. In one example, the first period of time may be 5 seconds. The one or more portions may be associated with the first exercise. In some embodiments, the first target load threshold may be a percentage (e.g., 30-70 percent) of a maximum force applied by the user when previously performing the first exercise.
If it is the first time the user is performing the first exercise, and the corresponding maximum force has not been stored for the user, the first indication may instruct the user to apply, to the one or more portions, a percentage of a maximum perceived force the user is capable of adding. That is, the maximum perceived force may be specified when there is no maximum force stored for the user. If it is not the first time the user is performing the first exercise, the indication may instruct the user to apply a percentage of the maximum force stored when the user previously performed the first exercise. In one example, for the warmup session, the percentage of the maximum force or the maximum perceived force may be 50 percent.
At 1904, after the first period of time elapses, the processing device may determine the warmup session is complete. At 1906, responsive to determining the warmup session is complete, the processing device may initiate a resting session for the first exercise. The resting session may be initiated based on the exercise protocol for the first exercise. The resting session may include providing an indication to be presented on the user interface 18. The indication may, for a second period of time (e.g., 20-60 seconds), instruct the user to not add to the one or more portions of the exercise machine 100 any load. In one example, the second period of time may be 30 seconds.
In some embodiments, the processing device may receive, during the resting session, one or more load measurements from one or more load cells 110 at the one or more portions associated with the first exercise. The processing device may provide an indication to be presented on the user interface 18. The indication may instruct the user to stop adding, at the one or more portions, loads to the one or more load cells 110.
At 1908, after the second period of time elapses, the processing device may determine the resting session is complete. At 1910, responsive to determining the resting session is complete, the processing device may initiate an exercise session for the first exercise. The exercise session may be initiated based on the exercise protocol for the first exercise. The exercise session may include providing an indication to be presented on the user interface. The indication may, for a third period of time (e.g., 1-10 seconds), instruct the user to add to the one or more portions a second target load threshold. The third period of time and the second target load threshold may be presented on the user interface 18. In one example, the third period of time may be 5 seconds. The second target load threshold may be greater than the first target load threshold. In some embodiments, the second target load threshold may be a percentage (e.g., 60-100 percent) of a maximum force applied by the user when previously performing the first exercise.
If it is the first time the user is performing the first exercise, and there is no maximum force recorded for the user, the indication may instruct the user to apply, to the one or more portions, a percentage of a maximum perceived force the user is capable of adding. If it is not the first time the user is performing the first exercise, the indication may instruct the user to apply a percentage of the maximum force stored when the user previously performed the first exercise. In one example, the percentage of the maximum force or the maximum perceived force may be 100 percent for the exercise session. That is, the indication may instruct and encourage the user to attempt to exceed for the exercise their previously stored maximum force.
During the exercise session, the processing device may receive one or more load measurements from the one or more load cells 110 located at the one or more portions associated with the first exercise. If it is the first time the user is performing the first exercise, the one or more load measurements (e.g., a right load measurement and/or a left load measurement) may be stored as the maximum forces for the user for the first exercise. For example, in some embodiments, the processing device may determine, during the exercise session, whether the one or more load measurements stopped increasing for a threshold period of time. Responsive to determining the one or more load measurements stopped increasing for the threshold period of time, the processing device may store the one or more load measurements as one or more maximum forces for the user for the first exercise. The one or more maximum forces may be used for the first exercise in a subsequent exercise session.
In some embodiments, if the user performs the first exercise again, the processing device may receive, during the exercise session, a load measurement from a load cell 110 at one of the one or more portions associated with the first exercise. The processing device may compare the load measurement to a third target load threshold in order to perform one of the following operations: (i) responsive to determining the load measurement is less than the third target load threshold, provide an indication to be presented on the user interface 18, where the indication specifies adding an additional load to the one of the one or more portions, and the additional load is needed to exceed the second target load threshold; or (ii) responsive to determining the load measurement exceeds the third target load threshold, provide an indication to be presented on the user interface 18, where the indication specifies the third target load threshold has been exceeded. In some embodiments, the third target load threshold may be a percentage (e.g., 30-80 percent) of a maximum force stored for the user for the first exercise. The percentage of the third target load threshold may be between the percentage of the first target load threshold and the percentage of the second target load threshold. In some embodiments, the percentage for the third target load threshold is 75 percent.
Further, based on the one or more load measurements, the processing device may determine whether the second target load threshold is exceeded. In some embodiments, the second target load threshold may be a percentage (e.g., 100 percent) of the maximum force stored for the user when the user previously performed the first exercise. That is, the second target load threshold may represent the maximum force stored for the user. If the second target load threshold has not been exceeded, the processing device may provide an indication to be presented on the user interface 18, where the indication encourages the user to add, during the exercise session, at least one additional load to at least one of the one of the one or more portions, such that the user achieves at least one new second target load threshold (e.g., maximum force) for the first exercise. The processing device may, each time the user performs an exercise, encourage the user to establish a new second target load threshold applied to the at least one of the one or more portions associated with each respective exercise. If the second target load threshold is exceeded by one load measurement, the processing device may store that load measurement as a new second target load threshold. If the second target load threshold is exceeded by more than one load measurements, the processing device may store a greatest of the more than one load measurements as a new second target load threshold. The processing device may also provide an indication to be presented on the user interface, where the indication specifies that the second target load threshold is exceeded and congratulates the user.
The processing device may determine the exercise session is complete after the third period of time elapses. Responsive to determining the exercise session is complete, the processing device may determine whether there is at least one exercise which has not been completed in a set of exercises, such set of exercises including the first exercise. Responsive to determining the at least one exercise, in the set of exercises, has not been completed, the processing device may provide an indication to be presented on the user interface 18. The indication may instruct the user to begin the at least one exercise. Responsive to determining all of the exercises in the set of exercises have been completed, the processing device may provide an indication to be presented on the user interface 18. The indication may specify all of the exercises in the set of exercises have been completed.
At 2002, the processing device may present an indication on the user interface 18. The indication indicates a warmup session for the exercise protocol is initiated for a first exercise (e.g., leg press, arm curl, chest press, suitcase lift, core pull), and the indication instructs a user to add a first target load threshold, for a first period of time (e.g., 1-10 seconds), to one or more portions (e.g., handles, feet plates or platforms) of the exercise machine 100. The one or more portions may be associated with the first exercise. In one example, the first period of time may be 5 seconds. In some embodiments, the first target load threshold may be a percentage (e.g., 30-70 percent) of a maximum force applied by the user when previously performing the first exercise.
If it is the first time the user is performing the first exercise, and the corresponding maximum force has not been stored for the user, the indication may instruct the user to apply, to the one or more portions, a percentage of a maximum perceived force the user is capable of adding. In one example, for the warmup session, the percentage of the maximum force or the maximum perceived force may be 50 percent.
At 2004, the processing device may present an indication on the user interface 18. The indication may indicate a resting session for the exercise protocol is initiated for the first exercise, and the indication may instruct the user to not add any load, for a second period of time, to the one or more portions of the exercise machine.
At 2006, the processing device may present an indication on the user interface 18. The indication may indicate an exercise session for the exercise protocol is initiated for the first exercise, and the third indication may instruct the user to add a second target load threshold, for a third period of time (e.g., 1-10 seconds), to the one or more portions. The second target load threshold may be greater than the first target load threshold. In one example, the third period of time may be 5 seconds. In some embodiments, the second target load threshold may be a percentage (e.g., 60-100 percent) of a maximum force applied by the user when previously performing the first exercise.
If it is the first time the user is performing the first exercise, and there is no maximum force recorded for the user, the indication may instruct the user to apply, to the one or more portions, a percentage of a maximum perceived force the user is capable of adding. In one example, the percentage of the maximum force or the maximum perceived force may be 100 percent for the exercise session. That is, for each exercise, the indication may instruct and encourage the user to attempt to exceed their previously stored maximum force, which may be represented as the second load threshold.
During the exercise session, the processing device may receive one or more load measurements from one or more load cells 110 at the one or more portions associated with the first exercise. The processing device may determine at least one of the one or more load measurements is less than the second target load threshold. As a result of such a determination, the processing device may present, during the exercise session, an indication on the user interface 18. The indication may instruct the user to add at least one additional load to at least one of the one or more portions, such that the at least one additional load is needed to exceed the second target load threshold.
After the third period of time elapses, the processing device may present an indication on the user interface. The indication may indicate the first exercise is complete, and the indication may instruct the user to begin a second exercise. The second exercise may be different from the first exercise. The exercise protocol may be implemented while the user performs the second exercise and/or any other exercise in the exercise plan.
To guide the user through the exercise protocol for a particular exercise, some or all of the technique information in each block presented in its respective flowchart may be presented on the user interface 18 and/or using auditory feedback. The blocks in the flowcharts may correspond to a technique in the exercise protocol to implement for the sessions. Various aspects of the technique information presented in the blocks may be implemented in computer instructions stored on a memory device and executable by a processing device (e.g., of the computing device 12). Note that the periods of time and percentages of maximum perceived force and/or maximum forces depicted in the blocks are examples: the disclosed techniques are not limited to the particular values or percentages.
Beginning with
At block 2102, technique information for performing a warmup session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User pushes against handles for 5 seconds at 50% of maximum perceived force.” As previously discussed, the maximum perceived force may be specified when a maximum force has not yet been stored for the user. For example, the maximum force may not be stored when the user performs the exercise for the first time.
At block 2103, technique information for performing a resting session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User rests for 30 seconds.”
At block 2104, technique information for performing an exercise session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User pushes against handles for 5 seconds at 100% of maximum perceived force. If first session, max force will be established. During subsequent sessions, user may attempt to achieve minimum of 75% of his/her established max force. User tries to establish new max each session.” As previously discussed, the maximum perceived force may be specified when a maximum force has not yet been stored for the user. For example, the maximum force may not yet be stored when the user performs the exercise for the first time.
At block 2105, the technique information may guide the user to the next exercise. For example, the technique information states, “Exercise is finished, move to next exercise.”
Turning now to
At block 2112, technique information for performing a warmup session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User pushes against foot plates for 5 seconds at 50% of maximum perceived force.”
At block 2113, technique information for performing a resting session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User rests for 30 seconds.”
At block 2114, technique information for performing an exercise session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User pushes against foot plates for 5 seconds at 100% of maximum perceived force. If first session, max force will be established. During subsequent sessions, user may attempt to achieve minimum of 75% of his/her established max force. User tries to establish new max each session.” At block 2115, the technique information may guide the user to the next exercise. For example, the technique information states, “Exercise is finished, move to next exercise.”
Turning now to
At block 2123, technique information for performing a warmup session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User keeps eyes forward attempting to come to an upright standing position for 5 seconds at 50% of perceived maximum effort while maintaining good posture.”
At block 2124, technique information for performing a resting session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User rests for 30 seconds.”
At block 2125, technique information for positioning a body of the user in the exercise machine is presented. For example, at block 2125, the technique information states, “User bends at the hips and knees while keeping back straight and eyes looking forward while grasping handles.”
At block 2126, technique information for performing an exercise session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User keeps eyes forward and attempts to come to an upright standing position for 5 seconds at 100% of perceived maximum force while maintaining good posture. If first session, max force will be established. During subsequent sessions, user may attempt to achieve minimum of 75% of his/her established max force. User tries to establish new max each session.” At block 2127, the technique information may guide the user to the next exercise. For example, the technique information states, “Exercise is finished, move to next exercise.”
Turning now to
At block 2132, technique information for performing a warmup session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “While maintaining good posture and eyes forward, user brings hands toward shoulders for 5 seconds at 50% of maximum perceived force.”
At block 2133, technique information for performing a resting session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User rests for 30 seconds.”
At block 2134, technique information for performing an exercise session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “While maintaining good posture and eyes forward, user attempts to bring hands toward shoulders for 5 seconds at 100% of maximum perceived force. If first session, max force will be established. During subsequent sessions, user may attempt to achieve minimum of 75% of his/her established max force. User tries to establish new max each session.” At block 2135, the technique information may guide the user to the next exercise. For example, the technique information states, “Exercise is finished, move to next exercise.”
Turning now to
At block 2142, technique information for performing a warmup session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User pulls with arms, hip flexors and abdominal muscles as if trying to get into the fetal position for 5 seconds at 50% of maximum perceived force.”
At block 2143, technique information for performing a resting session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User rests for 30 seconds.”
At block 2144, technique information for performing an exercise session of the exercise protocol is presented. For example, the technique information states, “User pulls with arms, hip flexors and abdominal muscles as if trying to get into the fetal position for 5 seconds at 100% of maximum perceived force. If first session, max force will be established. During subsequent sessions, user may attempt to achieve minimum of 75% of his/her established max force. User tries to establish new max each session.” At block 2145, the technique information may guide the user to the next exercise. For example, the technique information states, “Exercise is finished. All exercises completed.”
At block 2201, the processing device may determine whether the exercise machine 100 has been adjusted to properly accommodate the user for a specific exercise per the corresponding technique flowchart 2100, 2110, 2120, 2130, or 2140 in
If the processing device determines the machine is properly adjusted, then at block 2202, the warmup session of the exercise protocol may be initiated. Initiating the warmup session may include the processing device providing an indication on the user interface 18. The indication may state, “User performs 5 second warmup rep at 50% of maximum perceived force. 50% max force repetition is used to prepare neuromuscular system for maximum force repetition.”
The processing device may determine when the 5 seconds elapse, thereby completing the warmup session. At block 2203, responsive to the warmup session completing, the processing device may initiate the resting session of the exercise protocol. Initiating the resting session may include the processing device providing an indication on the user interface 18. The indication may state, “User rests for 30 seconds.” The processing device may determine when the 30 seconds elapse, thereby completing the resting session.
At block 2204, responsive to the resting session completing, the processing device may initiate the exercise session of the exercise protocol. Initiating the exercise session may include the processing device providing an indication on the user interface 18. The indication may state, “User performs 5 second rep at 100% of max perceived force.”
For each exercise, the indication may also present information pertaining to the areas of the user's body where isometric muscular strength may be improved by performing the maximum force repetition. For example, for a chest press, the indication may specify that the maximum force repetition may improve isometric muscular strength in pectorals, deltoids, triceps, and grip muscles. For a leg press, the indication may specify that the maximum force repetition may improve isometric muscular strength in gluteals, hamstrings, quadriceps, spinal extensors, and grip muscles. For a suitcase lift, the indication may specify that the maximum force repetition may improve isometric muscular strength in gluteals, hamstrings, quadriceps, spinal extensors, abdominals, upper back, and grip muscles. For an arm curl, the indication may specify that the maximum force repetition may improve isometric muscular strength in biceps, grip muscles, and trunk. For a core pull, the indication may specify that the maximum force repetition may improve isometric muscular strength in bicep, grip muscles, latissimus dorsi, hip flexors, and trunk.
For each exercise, the indication may also present information pertaining to the areas of the user's body where bone density increases as a result of the maximum force repetition. Further, the indication may indicate that potential fracture resistance may be improved in those areas. The following are non-limiting examples. For a chest press, the indication may specify that the maximum force repetition may increase bone density in the humerus, clavicle, radius, ulna, and rib. For a leg press, the indication may specify that the maximum force repetition may improve bone density in the femur. For a suitcase lift, the indication may specify that the maximum force repetition may improve bone density in the femur and spine. For an arm curl, the indication may specify that the maximum force repetition may improve bone density in the humerus, ribs, and spine. For a core pull, the indication may specify that the maximum force repetition may improve bone density in the ribs and spine.
The processing device may receive a load measurement (e.g., a right load measurement or a left load measurement) from a load cell 110 at a portion of the exercise machine 100. The portion may be associated with the exercise being performed. At block 2205, during the exercise session, the processing device may determine whether the load measurement exceeds a third target load threshold. The third target load threshold may include a percentage (75%) of the previous maximum force stored for the user for the respective exercise. At block 2206, responsive to determining the load measurement exceeds the third target load threshold, the processing device may store the load measurement for user progress reporting. Also, the processing device may determine whether the load measurement exceeds the previous maximum force (e.g., second target load threshold). If the load measurement exceeds the previous maximum force, then the processing device may set the load measurement as the maximum force (e.g., second target load threshold). The processing device may present, on the user interface 18, an indication congratulating or otherwise rewarding the user.
If the load measurement is less than the third target load threshold, then at block 2207, the processing device may present an indication on the user interface 18. The indication may encourage the user to add an additional load, such that the additional load is needed to exceed the third target load threshold. If the additional load causes the load measurement to exceed the third target load, then at block 2206, the processing device may store the load measurement for user progress reporting and/or subsequent exercise sessions.
When the 5 seconds elapse for the exercise session, at block 2208, the processing device may present an indication that the exercise is complete and instruct the user to begin the next exercise. If all exercises are completed, the indication may indicate that all exercises are completed.
Further, the user interface 18 may present one or more visual representations 2206 of target load thresholds. For example, the one or more target load thresholds may include a left target load threshold, a right target load threshold, or some combination thereof. In some embodiments, the target load thresholds may change depending on which session of the exercise protocol is being performed. For example, for the warmup session, there may be a first target load threshold that is a first percentage (e.g., 50%) of the previous maximum force of the user. For the exercise session, there may be a second target load threshold that is a second percentage (e.g., 100%) of the previous maximum force of the user. Presenting the visual representations 2206 of the target load thresholds concurrently with the real-time display of the load measurements in the visual representations 2202 and/or 2204 may enable the user to determine how close they are to exceeding the target load thresholds and/or when they exceed the target load thresholds.
The computer system 2400 includes a processing device 2402, a main memory 2404 (e.g., read-only memory (ROM), solid state drive (SSD), flash memory, dynamic random access memory (DRAM) such as synchronous DRAM (SDRAM)), a static memory 2406 (e.g., solid state drive (SSD), flash memory, static random access memory (SRAM)), and a data storage device 2408, which communicate with each other via a bus 2410.
Processing device 2402 represents one or more general-purpose processing devices such as a microprocessor, central processing unit, or the like. More particularly, the processing device 2402 may be a complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, reduced instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessor, very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, or a processor implementing other instruction sets or processors implementing a combination of instruction sets. The processing device 2402 may also be one or more special-purpose processing devices such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processor (DSP), network processor, or the like. The processing device 2402 is configured to execute instructions for performing any of the operations and steps discussed herein.
The computer system 2400 may further include a network interface device 2412. The computer system 2400 also may include a video display 2414 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a cathode ray tube (CRT)), one or more input devices 2416 (e.g., a keyboard and/or a mouse), and one or more speakers 2418 (e.g., a speaker). In one illustrative example, the video display 2414 and the input device(s) 2416 may be combined into a single component or device (e.g., an LCD touch screen).
The data storage device 2416 may include a computer-readable medium 2420 on which the instructions 2422 (e.g., implementing the application 17 or 21 executed by any device and/or component depicted in the FIGURES and described herein) embodying any one or more of the methodologies, functions, techniques, or operations described herein are stored. The instructions 2422 may also reside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory 2404 and/or within the processing device 2402 during execution thereof by the computer system 2400. As such, the main memory 2404 and the processing device 2402 also constitute computer-readable media. The instructions 2422 may further be transmitted or received over a network via the network interface device 2412.
While the computer-readable storage medium 2420 is shown in the illustrative examples to be a single medium, the term “computer-readable storage medium” should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the one or more sets of instructions. The term “computer-readable storage medium” shall also be taken to include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by the machine and that cause the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies of the present disclosure. The term “computer-readable storage medium” shall accordingly be taken to include, but not be limited to, solid-state memories, optical media, and magnetic media.
The various aspects, embodiments, implementations or features of the described embodiments can be used separately or in any combination. The embodiments disclosed herein are modular in nature and can be used in conjunction with or coupled to other embodiments, including both statically-based and dynamically-based equipment. In addition, the embodiments disclosed herein can employ selected equipment such that they can identify individual users and auto-calibrate threshold multiple-of-body-weight targets, as well as other individualized parameters, for individual users.
The foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, used specific nomenclature to provide a thorough understanding of the described embodiments. However, it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that the specific details are not required in order to practice the described embodiments. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the described embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. It should be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings.
The above discussion is meant to be illustrative of the principles and various embodiments of the present disclosure. Numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.
This application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Patent Ser. No. 62/865,847 filed Jun. 24, 2019, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1820372 | Blomquist | Aug 1931 | A |
| 3017180 | Aronsohn | Jan 1962 | A |
| 3213852 | Zent | Oct 1965 | A |
| 3572699 | Nies | Mar 1971 | A |
| 4222376 | Martin | Sep 1980 | A |
| 4519604 | Arzounian | May 1985 | A |
| 4538804 | Zibell | Sep 1985 | A |
| 4572501 | Durham et al. | Feb 1986 | A |
| 4618141 | Ashworth | Oct 1986 | A |
| 4824132 | Moore | Apr 1989 | A |
| 4860763 | Schminke | Aug 1989 | A |
| 5139255 | Sollami | Aug 1992 | A |
| 5184991 | Brangi | Feb 1993 | A |
| 5474083 | Church | Dec 1995 | A |
| 5857943 | Murray | Jan 1999 | A |
| 5980431 | Miller | Nov 1999 | A |
| 6001046 | Chang | Dec 1999 | A |
| 6007459 | Burgess | Dec 1999 | A |
| 6013007 | Root | Jan 2000 | A |
| 6036623 | Mitchell | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6162189 | Girone et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6347290 | Bartlett | Feb 2002 | B1 |
| 6450923 | Vatti | Sep 2002 | B1 |
| 6514085 | Slattery et al. | Feb 2003 | B2 |
| 6601016 | Brown et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
| 6613000 | Reinkensmeyer et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
| 6626800 | Casler | Sep 2003 | B1 |
| 6902513 | McClure | Jun 2005 | B1 |
| 6902515 | Howell et al. | Jun 2005 | B2 |
| 6960155 | Chien | Nov 2005 | B2 |
| 7058453 | Nelson et al. | Jun 2006 | B2 |
| 7063643 | Arai | Jun 2006 | B2 |
| 7510512 | Taggett | Mar 2009 | B1 |
| 7628730 | Watterson | Dec 2009 | B1 |
| 7713176 | Farney | May 2010 | B1 |
| 7789800 | Watterson | Sep 2010 | B1 |
| 7837472 | Elsmore | Nov 2010 | B1 |
| 7969315 | Ross et al. | Jun 2011 | B1 |
| 8012107 | Einav et al. | Sep 2011 | B2 |
| 8021270 | D'Eredita | Sep 2011 | B2 |
| 8029415 | Ashby | Oct 2011 | B2 |
| 8038578 | Olrik et al. | Oct 2011 | B2 |
| 8113991 | Kutliroff | Feb 2012 | B2 |
| 8177732 | Einav et al. | May 2012 | B2 |
| 8298123 | Hickman | Oct 2012 | B2 |
| 8371990 | Shea | Feb 2013 | B2 |
| 8409060 | Hsu | Apr 2013 | B2 |
| 8444534 | Mckee | May 2013 | B2 |
| 8607465 | Edwards | Dec 2013 | B1 |
| 8818496 | Dziubinski et al. | Aug 2014 | B2 |
| 8845493 | Watterson et al. | Sep 2014 | B2 |
| 8849681 | Hargrove et al. | Sep 2014 | B2 |
| 8893287 | Gjonej et al. | Nov 2014 | B2 |
| 9028368 | Ashby | May 2015 | B2 |
| 9272186 | Reich | Mar 2016 | B2 |
| 9308417 | Grundy | Apr 2016 | B2 |
| 9474935 | Abbondanza et al. | Oct 2016 | B2 |
| 9486382 | Boss | Nov 2016 | B1 |
| 9514277 | Hassing et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
| 9530325 | Hall | Dec 2016 | B2 |
| 9640057 | Ross | May 2017 | B1 |
| 9707147 | Levital et al. | Jul 2017 | B2 |
| D794142 | Zhou | Aug 2017 | S |
| 9802081 | Ridgel et al. | Oct 2017 | B2 |
| 9813239 | Chee et al. | Nov 2017 | B2 |
| 9827445 | Marcos et al. | Nov 2017 | B2 |
| 9849337 | Roman et al. | Dec 2017 | B2 |
| 9868028 | Shin | Jan 2018 | B2 |
| 9977587 | Mountain | May 2018 | B2 |
| 9987188 | Diao | Jun 2018 | B1 |
| 9993181 | Ross | Jun 2018 | B2 |
| 10004946 | Ross | Jun 2018 | B2 |
| D826349 | Oblamski | Aug 2018 | S |
| 10052518 | Lagree | Aug 2018 | B2 |
| 10055550 | Goetz | Aug 2018 | B2 |
| 10058473 | Oshima et al. | Aug 2018 | B2 |
| 10089443 | Miller et al. | Oct 2018 | B2 |
| 10111643 | Schulhauser et al. | Oct 2018 | B2 |
| 10130311 | De Sapio et al. | Nov 2018 | B1 |
| 10137328 | Baudhuin | Nov 2018 | B2 |
| 10143395 | Chakravarthy et al. | Dec 2018 | B2 |
| 10173094 | Gomberg et al. | Jan 2019 | B2 |
| 10173095 | Gomberg et al. | Jan 2019 | B2 |
| 10173096 | Gomberg et al. | Jan 2019 | B2 |
| 10173097 | Gomberg et al. | Jan 2019 | B2 |
| 10198928 | Ross et al. | Feb 2019 | B1 |
| 10226663 | Gomberg et al. | Mar 2019 | B2 |
| 10231664 | Ganesh | Mar 2019 | B2 |
| 10244990 | Hu et al. | Apr 2019 | B2 |
| 10258823 | Cole et al. | Apr 2019 | B2 |
| 10278883 | Walsh | May 2019 | B2 |
| 10369021 | Zoss et al. | Aug 2019 | B2 |
| 10380866 | Ross et al. | Aug 2019 | B1 |
| D866957 | Ross et al. | Nov 2019 | S |
| 10468131 | Macoviak et al. | Nov 2019 | B2 |
| 10475323 | Ross | Nov 2019 | B1 |
| 10475537 | Purdie et al. | Nov 2019 | B2 |
| 10492977 | Kapure et al. | Dec 2019 | B2 |
| 10507358 | Kinnunen et al. | Dec 2019 | B2 |
| 10532000 | De Sapio | Jan 2020 | B1 |
| 10532785 | Stillman | Jan 2020 | B2 |
| 10646746 | Gomberg et al. | May 2020 | B1 |
| 10716969 | Hoang | Jul 2020 | B2 |
| D899605 | Ross et al. | Oct 2020 | S |
| 10867695 | Neagle | Dec 2020 | B2 |
| 10881911 | Kwon et al. | Jan 2021 | B2 |
| 10946239 | Berry | Mar 2021 | B2 |
| 10987176 | Poltaretskyi et al. | Apr 2021 | B2 |
| 10991463 | Kutzko et al. | Apr 2021 | B2 |
| 11065170 | Yang et al. | Jul 2021 | B2 |
| 11093904 | Humble | Aug 2021 | B2 |
| 11179596 | Karys | Nov 2021 | B2 |
| D939096 | Lee | Dec 2021 | S |
| D939644 | Ach et al. | Dec 2021 | S |
| D940891 | Lee | Jan 2022 | S |
| 11278766 | Lee | Mar 2022 | B2 |
| 11311772 | Bowers et al. | Apr 2022 | B1 |
| 11386176 | Galitsky | Jul 2022 | B2 |
| 11422841 | Jeong | Aug 2022 | B2 |
| 11433276 | Bissonnette | Sep 2022 | B2 |
| 11458354 | Bissonnette et al. | Oct 2022 | B2 |
| 11458363 | Powers et al. | Oct 2022 | B2 |
| 11495355 | McNutt et al. | Nov 2022 | B2 |
| 11508258 | Nakashima et al. | Nov 2022 | B2 |
| 11524210 | Kim et al. | Dec 2022 | B2 |
| 11527326 | McNair et al. | Dec 2022 | B2 |
| 11532402 | Farley et al. | Dec 2022 | B2 |
| 11534654 | Silcock et al. | Dec 2022 | B2 |
| D976339 | Li | Jan 2023 | S |
| 11636944 | Hanrahan et al. | Apr 2023 | B2 |
| 11663673 | Pyles | May 2023 | B2 |
| 11701548 | Posnack et al. | Jul 2023 | B2 |
| 20010011025 | Ohki | Aug 2001 | A1 |
| 20020143279 | Porter et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20030013072 | Thomas | Jan 2003 | A1 |
| 20030036683 | Kehr et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030083596 | Kramer et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
| 20040204959 | Moreano et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040259693 | Chien | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20040263473 | Cho | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20050101463 | Chen | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20060079817 | Dewald | Apr 2006 | A1 |
| 20060122039 | Lee et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060135325 | Holness | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060229164 | Einav | Oct 2006 | A1 |
| 20060252607 | Holloway | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060258520 | Bowser | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20070021277 | Kuo | Jan 2007 | A1 |
| 20070099766 | Pyles | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070118389 | Shipon | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070149364 | Blau | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20070194939 | Alvarez et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070243980 | Bowser | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070271065 | Gupta et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20080082356 | Friedlander et al. | Apr 2008 | A1 |
| 20080119333 | Bowser | May 2008 | A1 |
| 20080139975 | Einav | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080161733 | Einav et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
| 20080281633 | Burdea et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
| 20080318738 | Chen | Dec 2008 | A1 |
| 20090070138 | Langheier et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090221407 | Hauk | Sep 2009 | A1 |
| 20090239714 | Sellers | Sep 2009 | A1 |
| 20090270227 | Ashby | Oct 2009 | A1 |
| 20090287503 | Angell et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
| 20090299766 | Friedlander et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
| 20100022354 | Fisher | Jan 2010 | A1 |
| 20100029445 | Lee | Feb 2010 | A1 |
| 20100035726 | Fisher | Feb 2010 | A1 |
| 20100035729 | Pandozy | Feb 2010 | A1 |
| 20100076786 | Dalton et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
| 20100121160 | Stark et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
| 20100152629 | Haas | Jun 2010 | A1 |
| 20100216168 | Heinzman et al. | Aug 2010 | A1 |
| 20100234184 | Le Page et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100261585 | Hauk | Oct 2010 | A1 |
| 20100298102 | Bosecker et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
| 20100331144 | Rindfleisch | Dec 2010 | A1 |
| 20110010188 | Yoshikawa et al. | Jan 2011 | A1 |
| 20110071003 | Watterson | Mar 2011 | A1 |
| 20110118084 | Tsai et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110119212 | De Bruin et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110165995 | Paulus | Jul 2011 | A1 |
| 20110172058 | Deaconu | Jul 2011 | A1 |
| 20110256983 | Malack | Oct 2011 | A1 |
| 20110275486 | Hsu | Nov 2011 | A1 |
| 20110306846 | Osorio | Dec 2011 | A1 |
| 20120004932 | Sorkey et al. | Jan 2012 | A1 |
| 20120040799 | Jaquish | Feb 2012 | A1 |
| 20120041771 | Cosentino et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
| 20120220427 | Ashby | Aug 2012 | A1 |
| 20120232438 | Cataldi et al. | Sep 2012 | A1 |
| 20120259648 | Mallon et al. | Oct 2012 | A1 |
| 20120296455 | Ohnemus et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
| 20120323346 | Ashby | Dec 2012 | A1 |
| 20130029808 | Kuo | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20130029809 | Spevak | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20130116094 | Chen | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130211281 | Ross et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
| 20130253943 | Lee et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
| 20130274069 | Watterson et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
| 20130345604 | Nakamura | Dec 2013 | A1 |
| 20140031173 | Huang | Jan 2014 | A1 |
| 20140087341 | Hall | Mar 2014 | A1 |
| 20140089836 | Damani et al. | Mar 2014 | A1 |
| 20140113768 | Lin et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20140113776 | Jaguan | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20140195103 | Nassef | Jul 2014 | A1 |
| 20140228649 | Rayner et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
| 20140243160 | Lim | Aug 2014 | A1 |
| 20140274564 | Greenbaum | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20140330186 | Hyde | Nov 2014 | A1 |
| 20150025816 | Ross | Jan 2015 | A1 |
| 20150065303 | Born | Mar 2015 | A1 |
| 20150065305 | Dalton | Mar 2015 | A1 |
| 20150094192 | Skwortsow et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
| 20150099458 | Weisner et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
| 20150099952 | Lain et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
| 20150141200 | Murray et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
| 20150165263 | Golen | Jun 2015 | A1 |
| 20150238817 | Watterson | Aug 2015 | A1 |
| 20150257679 | Ross | Sep 2015 | A1 |
| 20150258365 | Neill et al. | Sep 2015 | A1 |
| 20150265209 | Zhang | Sep 2015 | A1 |
| 20150328496 | Eder | Nov 2015 | A1 |
| 20150351664 | Ross | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20150351665 | Ross | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20150360069 | Marti et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20150379430 | Dirac et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20160096073 | Rahman et al. | Apr 2016 | A1 |
| 20160136483 | Reich | May 2016 | A1 |
| 20160143593 | Fu et al. | May 2016 | A1 |
| 20160166881 | Ridgel et al. | Jun 2016 | A1 |
| 20160184634 | Yanev | Jun 2016 | A1 |
| 20160193306 | Rabovsky et al. | Jul 2016 | A1 |
| 20160220867 | Flaherty | Aug 2016 | A1 |
| 20160271438 | Weisz | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160271452 | Lagree | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160287166 | Tran | Oct 2016 | A1 |
| 20160317860 | Baudhuin et al. | Nov 2016 | A1 |
| 20170003311 | Lay | Jan 2017 | A1 |
| 20170004260 | Moturu et al. | Jan 2017 | A1 |
| 20170021827 | Seagraves | Jan 2017 | A1 |
| 20170036055 | Fleming | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170065849 | Konishi | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170065873 | Hall | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170100628 | Wilt | Apr 2017 | A1 |
| 20170100637 | Princen et al. | Apr 2017 | A1 |
| 20170132947 | Maeda et al. | May 2017 | A1 |
| 20170148297 | Ross | May 2017 | A1 |
| 20170172466 | Eriksson | Jun 2017 | A1 |
| 20170235882 | Orlov et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170235906 | Dorris et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170262604 | Francois | Sep 2017 | A1 |
| 20170283508 | Demopulos et al. | Oct 2017 | A1 |
| 20170323481 | Tran et al. | Nov 2017 | A1 |
| 20170347923 | Roh | Dec 2017 | A1 |
| 20170361165 | Miller | Dec 2017 | A1 |
| 20180001181 | Prellwitz et al. | Jan 2018 | A1 |
| 20180036593 | Ridgel et al. | Feb 2018 | A1 |
| 20180060494 | Dias et al. | Mar 2018 | A1 |
| 20180064991 | Yanev | Mar 2018 | A1 |
| 20180096111 | Wells et al. | Apr 2018 | A1 |
| 20180111034 | Watterson | Apr 2018 | A1 |
| 20180154240 | Hall | Jun 2018 | A1 |
| 20180177612 | Trabish et al. | Jun 2018 | A1 |
| 20180177664 | Choi et al. | Jun 2018 | A1 |
| 20180178059 | Hyungsoon et al. | Jun 2018 | A1 |
| 20180236307 | Hyde et al. | Aug 2018 | A1 |
| 20180263535 | Cramer | Sep 2018 | A1 |
| 20180263552 | Graman et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
| 20180264312 | Pompile et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
| 20180290017 | Fung | Oct 2018 | A1 |
| 20180296143 | Anderson et al. | Oct 2018 | A1 |
| 20180326243 | Badi et al. | Nov 2018 | A1 |
| 20180353812 | Lannon et al. | Dec 2018 | A1 |
| 20190009135 | Wu | Jan 2019 | A1 |
| 20190019163 | Batey et al. | Jan 2019 | A1 |
| 20190019573 | Lake et al. | Jan 2019 | A1 |
| 20190046794 | Goodall et al. | Feb 2019 | A1 |
| 20190060699 | Frederick et al. | Feb 2019 | A1 |
| 20190080802 | Ziobro et al. | Mar 2019 | A1 |
| 20190090744 | Mahfouz | Mar 2019 | A1 |
| 20190118038 | Tana et al. | Apr 2019 | A1 |
| 20190183715 | Kapure et al. | Jun 2019 | A1 |
| 20190192912 | Radow | Jun 2019 | A1 |
| 20190223797 | Tran | Jul 2019 | A1 |
| 20190247718 | Blevins | Aug 2019 | A1 |
| 20190262655 | Lentine | Aug 2019 | A1 |
| 20190275368 | Maroldi | Sep 2019 | A1 |
| 20190282857 | Hapola | Sep 2019 | A1 |
| 20190290965 | Oren | Sep 2019 | A1 |
| 20190314681 | Yang | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20190336815 | Hsu | Nov 2019 | A1 |
| 20190344123 | Rubin et al. | Nov 2019 | A1 |
| 20190362242 | Pillai et al. | Nov 2019 | A1 |
| 20200006639 | Wu et al. | Jan 2020 | A1 |
| 20200038703 | Cleary et al. | Feb 2020 | A1 |
| 20200085300 | Kwatra et al. | Mar 2020 | A1 |
| 20200086163 | Karys | Mar 2020 | A1 |
| 20200114207 | Weldemariam | Apr 2020 | A1 |
| 20200151595 | Jayalath et al. | May 2020 | A1 |
| 20200303063 | Sharma et al. | Sep 2020 | A1 |
| 20200365256 | Hayashitani et al. | Nov 2020 | A1 |
| 20200410893 | Ridington | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200411162 | Lien et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20210005224 | Rothschild et al. | Jan 2021 | A1 |
| 20210005319 | Otsuki et al. | Jan 2021 | A1 |
| 20210035674 | Volosin et al. | Feb 2021 | A1 |
| 20210113877 | Chin | Apr 2021 | A1 |
| 20210245003 | Turner | Aug 2021 | A1 |
| 20210268335 | Mizukura | Sep 2021 | A1 |
| 20210272677 | Barbee | Sep 2021 | A1 |
| 20210343384 | Purushothaman et al. | Nov 2021 | A1 |
| 20210361514 | Choi et al. | Nov 2021 | A1 |
| 20210398668 | Chock et al. | Dec 2021 | A1 |
| 20220000556 | Casey et al. | Jan 2022 | A1 |
| 20220001232 | DeForest | Jan 2022 | A1 |
| 20220016480 | Bissonnette et al. | Jan 2022 | A1 |
| 20220016485 | Bissonnette et al. | Jan 2022 | A1 |
| 20220020469 | Tanner | Jan 2022 | A1 |
| 20220044806 | Sanders et al. | Feb 2022 | A1 |
| 20220072362 | Hopson | Mar 2022 | A1 |
| 20220105390 | Yuasa | Apr 2022 | A1 |
| 20220118218 | Bense et al. | Apr 2022 | A1 |
| 20220133576 | Choi et al. | May 2022 | A1 |
| 20220176039 | Lintereur et al. | Jun 2022 | A1 |
| 20220181004 | Zilca et al. | Jun 2022 | A1 |
| 20220238222 | Neuberg | Jul 2022 | A1 |
| 20220262504 | Bratty et al. | Aug 2022 | A1 |
| 20220266094 | Mason et al. | Aug 2022 | A1 |
| 20220273985 | Jeong et al. | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| 20220300787 | Wall et al. | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| 20220304881 | Choi et al. | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| 20220304882 | Choi | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| 20220305328 | Choi et al. | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| 20220323826 | Khurana | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220327714 | Cook et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220327807 | Cook et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220330823 | Janssen | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220338761 | Maddahi et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220339052 | Kim | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220395232 | Locke | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220401783 | Choi | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220415469 | Mason | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220415471 | Mason | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20230001268 | Bissonnette | Jan 2023 | A1 |
| 20230013530 | Mason | Jan 2023 | A1 |
| 20230014598 | Mason et al. | Jan 2023 | A1 |
| 20230029639 | Roy | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230048040 | Hacking et al. | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230051751 | Hacking et al. | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230058605 | Mason | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230060039 | Mason | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230072368 | Mason | Mar 2023 | A1 |
| 20230078793 | Mason | Mar 2023 | A1 |
| 20230119461 | Mason | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230190100 | Stump | Jun 2023 | A1 |
| 20230201656 | Hacking et al. | Jun 2023 | A1 |
| 20230207097 | Mason | Jun 2023 | A1 |
| 20230207124 | Walsh et al. | Jun 2023 | A1 |
| 20230215539 | Rosenberg et al. | Jul 2023 | A1 |
| 20230215552 | Khotilovich et al. | Jul 2023 | A1 |
| 20230245747 | Rosenberg et al. | Aug 2023 | A1 |
| 20230245748 | Rosenberg et al. | Aug 2023 | A1 |
| 20230245750 | Rosenberg et al. | Aug 2023 | A1 |
| 20230245751 | Rosenberg et al. | Aug 2023 | A1 |
| 20230253089 | Rosenberg et al. | Aug 2023 | A1 |
| 20230255555 | Sundaram et al. | Aug 2023 | A1 |
| 20230263428 | Hull et al. | Aug 2023 | A1 |
| 20230274813 | Rosenberg et al. | Aug 2023 | A1 |
| 20230282329 | Mason et al. | Sep 2023 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 3193419 | Mar 2022 | CA |
| 2885238 | Apr 2007 | CN |
| 101964151 | Feb 2011 | CN |
| 201889024 | Jul 2011 | CN |
| 102670381 | Sep 2012 | CN |
| 103263336 | Aug 2013 | CN |
| 103390357 | Nov 2013 | CN |
| 103473631 | Dec 2013 | CN |
| 103501328 | Jan 2014 | CN |
| 103721343 | Apr 2014 | CN |
| 203677851 | Jul 2014 | CN |
| 103136447 | Aug 2016 | CN |
| 205626871 | Oct 2016 | CN |
| 106236502 | Dec 2016 | CN |
| 106621195 | May 2017 | CN |
| 107551475 | Jan 2018 | CN |
| 107930021 | Apr 2018 | CN |
| 208224811 | Dec 2018 | CN |
| 109191954 | Jan 2019 | CN |
| 109363887 | Feb 2019 | CN |
| 110201358 | Sep 2019 | CN |
| 110322957 | Oct 2019 | CN |
| 110808092 | Feb 2020 | CN |
| 110931103 | Mar 2020 | CN |
| 110993057 | Apr 2020 | CN |
| 111111110 | May 2020 | CN |
| 111460305 | Jul 2020 | CN |
| 111790111 | Oct 2020 | CN |
| 212141371 | Dec 2020 | CN |
| 112289425 | Jan 2021 | CN |
| 212624809 | Feb 2021 | CN |
| 213190965 | May 2021 | CN |
| 113384850 | Sep 2021 | CN |
| 113499572 | Oct 2021 | CN |
| 215136488 | Dec 2021 | CN |
| 113885361 | Jan 2022 | CN |
| 114049961 | Feb 2022 | CN |
| 114203274 | Mar 2022 | CN |
| 216258145 | Apr 2022 | CN |
| 114632302 | Jun 2022 | CN |
| 114694824 | Jul 2022 | CN |
| 114898832 | Aug 2022 | CN |
| 114983760 | Sep 2022 | CN |
| 217472652 | Sep 2022 | CN |
| 110270062 | Oct 2022 | CN |
| 218420859 | Feb 2023 | CN |
| 115954081 | Apr 2023 | CN |
| 0383137 | Aug 1990 | EP |
| 1159989 | Dec 2001 | EP |
| 1391179 | Feb 2004 | EP |
| 1968028 | Sep 2008 | EP |
| 1909730 | Apr 2014 | EP |
| 2815242 | Dec 2014 | EP |
| 2869805 | May 2015 | EP |
| 2997951 | Mar 2016 | EP |
| 2688472 | Apr 2016 | EP |
| 3671700 | Jun 2020 | EP |
| 3984508 | Apr 2022 | EP |
| 3984509 | Apr 2022 | EP |
| 3984510 | Apr 2022 | EP |
| 3984511 | Apr 2022 | EP |
| 3984512 | Apr 2022 | EP |
| 3984513 | Apr 2022 | EP |
| 4054699 | Sep 2022 | EP |
| 4112033 | Jan 2023 | EP |
| 3127393 | Mar 2023 | FR |
| 2512431 | Oct 2014 | GB |
| 2591542 | Mar 2022 | GB |
| 201811043670 | Jul 2018 | IN |
| 2000005339 | Jan 2000 | JP |
| 2005227928 | Aug 2005 | JP |
| 2005227928 | Aug 2005 | JP |
| 2009112336 | May 2009 | JP |
| 3193662 | Oct 2014 | JP |
| 5804063 | Nov 2015 | JP |
| 2019028647 | Feb 2019 | JP |
| 6871379 | May 2021 | JP |
| 2022521378 | Apr 2022 | JP |
| 3238491 | Jul 2022 | JP |
| 7198364 | Dec 2022 | JP |
| 7202474 | Jan 2023 | JP |
| 7231750 | Mar 2023 | JP |
| 7231751 | Mar 2023 | JP |
| 7231752 | Mar 2023 | JP |
| 200276919 | May 2002 | KR |
| 100582596 | May 2006 | KR |
| 101042258 | Jun 2011 | KR |
| 101258250 | Apr 2013 | KR |
| 20140128630 | Nov 2014 | KR |
| 20150078191 | Jul 2015 | KR |
| 101580071 | Dec 2015 | KR |
| 101647620 | Aug 2016 | KR |
| 20180004928 | Jan 2018 | KR |
| 20190029175 | Mar 2019 | KR |
| 101969392 | Aug 2019 | KR |
| 102055279 | Dec 2019 | KR |
| 102088333 | Mar 2020 | KR |
| 20200029180 | Mar 2020 | KR |
| 102121586 | Jun 2020 | KR |
| 20200119665 | Oct 2020 | KR |
| 102246049 | Apr 2021 | KR |
| 102246050 | Apr 2021 | KR |
| 102246051 | Apr 2021 | KR |
| 102246052 | Apr 2021 | KR |
| 20210052028 | May 2021 | KR |
| 102352602 | Jan 2022 | KR |
| 102352603 | Jan 2022 | KR |
| 102352604 | Jan 2022 | KR |
| 102387577 | Apr 2022 | KR |
| 102421437 | Jul 2022 | KR |
| 20220102207 | Jul 2022 | KR |
| 102427545 | Aug 2022 | KR |
| 102467495 | Nov 2022 | KR |
| 102467496 | Nov 2022 | KR |
| 102469723 | Nov 2022 | KR |
| 102471990 | Nov 2022 | KR |
| 20220145989 | Nov 2022 | KR |
| 20220156134 | Nov 2022 | KR |
| 102502744 | Feb 2023 | KR |
| 20230019349 | Feb 2023 | KR |
| 20230019350 | Feb 2023 | KR |
| 20230026556 | Feb 2023 | KR |
| 20230026668 | Feb 2023 | KR |
| 20230040526 | Mar 2023 | KR |
| 20230050506 | Apr 2023 | KR |
| 20230056118 | Apr 2023 | KR |
| 102528503 | May 2023 | KR |
| 102531930 | May 2023 | KR |
| 102532766 | May 2023 | KR |
| 102539190 | Jun 2023 | KR |
| 2014131288 | Feb 2016 | RU |
| 200910231 | Mar 2009 | TW |
| M474545 | Mar 2014 | TW |
| 201531278 | Aug 2015 | TW |
| M638437 | Mar 2023 | TW |
| 2001056465 | Aug 2001 | WO |
| 02062211 | Aug 2002 | WO |
| 02093312 | Nov 2002 | WO |
| 2005018453 | Mar 2005 | WO |
| 2007102709 | Sep 2007 | WO |
| 2009008968 | Jan 2009 | WO |
| 2011025322 | Mar 2011 | WO |
| 2012128801 | Sep 2012 | WO |
| 2013002568 | Jan 2013 | WO |
| 2023164292 | Mar 2013 | WO |
| 2013122839 | Aug 2013 | WO |
| 2014011447 | Jan 2014 | WO |
| 2014163976 | Oct 2014 | WO |
| 2015026744 | Feb 2015 | WO |
| 2015065298 | May 2015 | WO |
| 2015082555 | Jun 2015 | WO |
| 2015112945 | Jul 2015 | WO |
| 2017030781 | Feb 2017 | WO |
| 2017166074 | May 2017 | WO |
| 2017091691 | Jun 2017 | WO |
| 2017165238 | Sep 2017 | WO |
| 2018081795 | May 2018 | WO |
| 2019075185 | Apr 2019 | WO |
| 2019143940 | Jul 2019 | WO |
| 2020229705 | Nov 2020 | WO |
| 2021022003 | Feb 2021 | WO |
| 2021090267 | May 2021 | WO |
| 2022047006 | Mar 2022 | WO |
| 2022092493 | May 2022 | WO |
| 2022092494 | May 2022 | WO |
| 2022212883 | Oct 2022 | WO |
| 2022212921 | Oct 2022 | WO |
| 2023008680 | Feb 2023 | WO |
| 2023008681 | Feb 2023 | WO |
| 2023022319 | Feb 2023 | WO |
| 2023022320 | Feb 2023 | WO |
| 2023052695 | Apr 2023 | WO |
| 2023091496 | May 2023 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| Malloy, Online Article “AI-enabled EKGs find difference between numerical age and biological age significantly affects health, longevity”, Website: https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/ai-enabled-ekgs-find-difference-between-numerical-age-and-biological-age-significantly-affects-health-longevity/, Mayo Clinic News Network, May 20, 2021, retrieved: Jan. 23, 2023, p. 1-4. |
| U.S. Appl. No. 16/812,462, filed Mar. 9, 2020, and titled “System, Method and Apparatus for Adjustable Pedal Crank”, by Peter Arn, et al. |
| U.S. Appl. No. 16/813,158, filed Mar. 9, 2020, and titled “System, Method and Apparatus for a Rehabilitation Machine With a Simulated Flywheel”, by S. Adam Hacking, et al. |
| U.S. Appl. No. 16/813,303, filed Mar. 9, 2020, and titled “Control System for a Rehabilitation and Exercise Electromechanical Device”, by S. Adam Hacking, et al. |
| U.S. Appl. No. 16/813,224, filed Mar. 9, 2020, and titled “System, Method and Apparatus for Electrically Actuated Pedal for an Exercise or Rehabilitation Machine”, by S. Adam Hacking, et al. |
| Jeong et al., “Computer-assisted upper extremity training using interactive biking exercise (iBikE) platform,” Sep. 2012, pp. 1-5, 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS. |
| Website for “Esino 2022 Physical Therapy Equipments Arm Fitness Indoor Trainer Leg Spin Cycle Machine Exercise Bike for Elderly,” https://www.made-in-china.com/showroom/esinogroup/product-detailYdZtwGhCMKVR/China-Esino-2022-Physical-Therapy-Equipments-Arm-Fitness-Indoor-Trainer-Leg-Spin-Cycle-Machine-Exercise-Bike-for-Elderly.html, retrieved on Aug. 29, 2023, 5 pages. |
| Abedtash, “An Interoperable Electronic Medical Record-Based Platform For Personalized Predictive Analytics”, ProQuest LLC, Jul. 2017, 185 pages. |
| Alcaraz et al., “Machine Learning as Digital Therapy Assessment for Mobile Gait Rehabilitation,” 2018 IEEE 28th International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing (MLSP), Aalborg, Denmark, 2018, 6 pages. |
| Androutsou et al., “A Smartphone Application Designed to Engage the Elderly in Home-Based Rehabilitation,” Frontiers in Digital Health, Sep. 2020, vol. 2, Article 15, 13 pages. |
| Silva et al., “SapoFitness: A mobile health application for dietary evaluation”, 2011 IEEE 13th International Conference on U e-Health Networking, Applications and Services, Columbia, MO, USA, 2011, 6 pages. |
| Wang et al., “Interactive wearable systems for upper body rehabilitation: a systematic review,” Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 2017, 21 pages. |
| Marzolini et al., “Eligibility, Enrollment, and Completion of Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Following Stroke Rehabilitation: What Are the Barrier?, ” Physical Therapy, vol. 100, No. 1, 2019, 13 pages. |
| Nijjar et al., “Randomized Trial of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in Cardiac Patients Eligble for Cardiac Rehabilitation,” Scientific Reports, 2019, 12 pages. |
| Lara et al., “Human-Robot Sensor Interface for Cardiac Rehabilitation,” IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics, Jul. 2017, 8 pages. |
| Ishraque et al., “Aritficial Intelligence-Based Rehabilitation Therapy Exercise Recommendation System,” 2018 IEEE MIT Undergraduate Research Technology Conference (URTC), Cambridge, MA, USA, 2018, 5 pages. |
| Zakari et al., “Are There Limitations to Exercise Benefits in Peripheral Arterial Disease?, ” Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Nov. 2018, vol. 5, Article 173, 12 pages. |
| You et al., “Including Blood Vasculature into a Game-Theoretic Model of Cancer Dynamics,” Games 2019, 10, 13, 22 pages. |
| Jeong et al., “Computer-assisted upper extremity training using interactive biking exercise (iBkE) platform,” Sep. 2012, 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS, 5 pages. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20200397639 A1 | Dec 2020 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62865847 | Jun 2019 | US |
