Patent Grant
11239878
The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more specifically is related to a full duplex front-end circuit for a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) wireless system. The present application is based on, and claims priority from an Indian Application Number 201841005400 filed on 13th Feb. 2018, and PCT/IN2019/050112 filed on 13th Feb. 2019, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
Self-interference from a transmitter is major challenge in same channel full duplex (SCFD) front end circuit. In multiple input multiple output (MIMO) SCFD system, signal leakage from another transmitting stream makes the interference even worse. The self-interference from the transmitter (Tx) can be suppressed using electrical balance based duplexer (EBD) like hybrid transformer. However, they suffer from insertion loss in Tx and receiver (Rx) paths. Balance network in the EBD can be replaced by another antenna to get rid of the insertion loss. But both of these antennas together transmit and receive single spatial stream.
Many conventional methods and circuit arrangements are proposed for isolating two or more TX paths from the two or more RX paths and to provide low-loss signal paths between output nodes of two or more transmit (TX) paths and the one or more antennas but, includes disadvantages in terms of power consumption, robustness, reliability, integrity issues, operation dependency, time, cost, complexity, design, hardware components used, size and so on.
Thus, it is desired to address the above mentioned disadvantages or other shortcomings or at least provide a useful alternative.
The principal object of the embodiments herein is to provide a transceiver system for interference cancellation in full-duplex communication.
Another object of the embodiments herein is to provide a full duplex front-end circuit for a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) wireless system.
Another object of the embodiments herein is to provide an electrical balance based duplexer (EBD) configured to obtain wideband isolation between two streams in 2×2 MIMO same channel full duplex (SCFD) front-end without incurring any insertion loss.
Another object of the embodiments herein is to provide a reciprocal nature of antenna coupling for cross-talk cancellation, so as to reduce the number of coupling networks required for MIMO full-duplex operation.
Accordingly, the embodiments herein provide a transceiver system for full-duplex communication. The transceiver system includes an electrical balance based duplexer (EBD) coupled with at least one transceiver and at least one antennas. The at least one antennas is configured to transmit first signals and the at least one antennas is configured to receive second signals using at least one circulators. The EBD is configured to provide an isolation between the transmitting signals and the receiving signals in a same channel full duplex (SCFD) front-end circuit using the at least one circulators.
In an embodiment, the EBD is configured to provide the isolation between the transmitting signals and the receiving signals in the SCFD front-end circuit using the at least one circulators by passing transmitting signals and the receiving signals at a first port from the plurality of ports and at a second port from the plurality of ports through the at least one circulators, equally dividing the transmitting signals and transmitting the transmitting signals through the at least one antennas, receiving a portion of the transmitting signals transmitted from a first antenna from the at least one antennas by a second antenna from the at least one antennas, and matching input impedance to provide wide-band isolation between the two Tx/Rx pairs under balanced condition between the transmitting signals and the receiving signals in the SCFD front-end circuit using the at least one circulators.
In an embodiment, the EBD is configured to isolate the received signals from interference caused by the at least one transmitter.
In an embodiment, the EBD is fed with the transmitting signals through the at least one circulator at a pair of isolated ports.
In an embodiment, at least one signal interference (SI) cancellation circuit is placed in the at least one transceiver.
In an embodiment, a tuning network is placed between the at least one circulators and the EBD to manage the isolation of the first transmitting signals and the second receiving signals.
In an embodiment, a vector modulator is placed between the at least one circulators and the EBD to manage the isolation between isolation of the first transmitting signals and the second receiving signals by the at least one circulators.
Accordingly, the embodiments herein provide a method for interference cancellation in full-duplex communication. The method includes detecting, by an EBD, transmitting signals from at least one antennas. Further, the method includes detecting, by the EBD, receiving signals from the at least one antennas. Further, the method includes providing, by the EBD, an isolation between the transmitting signals and the receiving signals in a SCFD front-end circuit using at least one circulators.
These and other aspects of the embodiments herein will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions, while indicating preferred embodiments and numerous specific details thereof, are given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the embodiments herein without departing from the spirit thereof, and the embodiments herein include all such modifications.
This method is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, throughout which like reference letters indicate corresponding parts in the various figures. The embodiments herein will be better understood from the following description with reference to the drawings, in which:
The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. Also, the various embodiments described herein are not necessarily mutually exclusive, as some embodiments can be combined with one or more of other embodiments to form new embodiments. The term “or” as used herein, refers to a “non-exclusive or”, unless otherwise indicated. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein can be practiced and to further enable those skilled in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
As is traditional in the field, embodiments may be described and illustrated in terms of blocks which carry out a described function or functions. These blocks, which may be referred to herein as units or modules or the like, are physically implemented by analog or digital circuits such as logic gates, integrated circuits, microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory circuits, passive electronic components, active electronic components, optical components, hardwired circuits, or the like, and may optionally be driven by firmware and software. The circuits may, for example, be embodied in one or more semiconductor chips, or on substrate supports such as printed circuit boards and the like. The circuits constituting a block may be implemented by dedicated hardware, or by a processor (e.g., one or more programmed microprocessors and associated circuitry), or by a combination of dedicated hardware to perform some functions of the block and a processor to perform other functions of the block. Each block of the embodiments may be physically separated into two or more interacting and discrete blocks without departing from the scope of the invention. Likewise, the blocks of the embodiments may be physically combined into more complex blocks without departing from the scope of the invention.
The accompanying drawings are used to help easily understand various technical features and it should be understood that the embodiments presented herein are not limited by the accompanying drawings. As such, the present disclosure should be construed to extend to any alterations, equivalents and substitutes in addition to those which are particularly set out in the accompanying drawings. Although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are generally only used to distinguish one element from another.
Accordingly, the embodiments herein achieve a transceiver system for full-duplex communication. The transceiver system includes an electrical balance based duplexer (EBD) coupled with at least one transceiver and at least one antennas. The at least one antennas is configured to transmit first signals and the at least one antennas is configured to receive second signals using at least one circulators. The EBD is configured to provide an isolation between the transmitting signals and the receiving signals in a same channel full duplex (SCFD) front-end circuit using the at least one circulators.
Unlike conventional methods and systems, the EBD is configured to obtain a wideband isolation between the two streams in 2×2 MIMO same channel full duplex (SCFD) front-end without incurring any insertion loss. Further, the proposed transceiver system can be used to transmit and receive two independent spatial streams using two antennas of the EBD.
The transceiver system can be used to provide Tx-Rx isolation to achieve SCFD operation in 2×2 MIMO using the circulators. The transceiver system can be used to isolate received signal from interference caused by transmitter of other stream using the EBD.
In the proposed transceiver system, a reciprocal nature of antenna coupling provides a cross-talk cancellation, so as to reduce the number of coupling networks required for MIMO full-duplex operation.
The proposed system can be used to cancel cross-talk between two Tx-Rx pairs in the presence of antenna coupling in the MIMO wireless system. This is achieved by connecting two antennas and two Tx-Rx pairs through the EBD.
Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to
As shown in the
In an embodiment, in each transceiver 200a and 200b, Tx and Rx are shown isolated using the at least one circulator, which can be replaced with any other SI cancellation circuit. The Tx/Rx pairs are connected to sum and difference ports of the EBD 100. The EBD 100 can also be called as a coupler. Since the two antennas 300a and 300b will have closely matched input impedance, this configuration will result in wideband isolation between the two Tx/Rx pairs under balanced condition. In the presence of reflectors (not shown) in the antenna environment which are common to both the antennas, reflected signal will only appear at a respective Rx port.
In an example, the EBD 100 is fed with two transmitting signals Tx1 and Tx2, through two circulators at a pair of isolated ports (not shown). As a result, linear combination of the two Tx signals are transmitted by the two antennas 300a and 300b. Similarly linear combination of signal received by the two antennas 300a and 300b is collected at the two circulators. Further, the circulators provide Tx-Rx isolation to achieve SCFD operation. The EBD 100 isolates received signal from interference caused by the transmitter of other stream. In another embodiment, the EBD 200 in the proposal transceiver system 1000a can be replaced by any 4 port device which provide similar functionality for example a 180 degree hybrid system 400. Operations and function of the 180 degree hybrid system 400 is similar to the EBD 100.
Further, the transceiver system 1000a can be used to transmit the linear combination of the two Tx signals using the two antennas 300a and 300b. The transceiver system 1000a can be used to collect the linear combination of signals received by the two antennas 300a and 300b using two circulators.
Further, a reciprocal coupling network arranged between transceiver pairs and antennas based on the EBD 100 is for the MIMO system reduces the number of cross-connecting networks and variables required to mitigate cross-talk interference (CI) and maintain reliable CI cancellation in the presence of common-mode reflectors.
In each transceiver 200a and 200b, Tx and Rx are shown isolated using the circulator. Tx/Rx pairs through the circulator are connected to a sum port (Σ) and difference (Δ) port of the EBD 100. The first port is a sum port and a second port is a difference (Δ) port. The signal from Tx1 is divided equally and transmitted through the two antennas 300a and 300b. Due to the antennas interaction, the part of the signal transmitted from one antenna 200a is received by another antenna 200b and vice-versa. The reciprocal nature of the antenna coupling ensures that equal and same phase signal couples to the two antennas 300a and 300b. Therefore, the coupled signal is cancelled at the difference port and appear only at a receiver connected to the sum port which can be treated as self-interference. Similarly, it can be shown that signal from the Tx2 when couples back to the antennas 300a and 300b, only appears at the receiver connected to the difference port. Since the two antennas will 300a and 300b have closely matched input impedance, this configuration will result in wide-band isolation between the two Tx/Rx pairs under a balanced condition. Above discussion can be extended to show that in the presence of reflectors in the antenna environment which are common to both the antennas, reflected signal just like coupled signal will only appear as self-interference.
As shown in the
In another embodiment, the EBD 200 in the proposal transceiver system 1000b can be replaced by any 4 port device which provide similar functionality for example the 180 degree hybrid system 400.
As shown in the
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 201841005400 | Feb 2018 | IN | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IN2019/050112 | 2/13/2019 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019/159194 | 8/22/2019 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20140146717 | Mikhemar | May 2014 | A1 |
| 20160218769 | Chang | Jul 2016 | A1 |
| 20170026022 | Craninckx | Jan 2017 | A1 |
| 20190207633 | Huusari | Jul 2019 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20210006285 A1 | Jan 2021 | US |
