This invention relates to media item recommendation systems, and in particular to previewing a recommendation queue of another user of a media recommendation system.
Media item recommendation systems in the context of a social network are known. For example, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0016205 A1, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety, discloses a recommendation system wherein media item recommendations are automatically generated and sent between devices that are coupled together by virtue of a “friend” status between users of the devices. Each device has an associated recommendation queue that contains media item recommendations. Each device receives media item recommendations from certain devices, and may send recommendations to certain devices. Upon receipt of a media item recommendation, a device prioritizes the media item recommendation according to a plurality of user preferences, or priority indicators, that determine an order in the recommendation queue of the new media item recommendation with respect to the media item recommendations that were already in the recommendation queue. The priority indicators, for example, may be based on metadata associated with a media item, such as a genre of the media item, an artist name associated with the media item, a decade during which the media item was recorded, and the like.
As each device plays a media item, a media item recommendation for the media item is automatically generated by the device and sent to other devices to which the device is coupled. Since a device generates and sends media item recommendations based on the order that media item recommendations are prioritized in the respective recommendation queue, a first user may find it useful to preview a second user's recommendation queue prior to designating the second user a friend in an attempt to discern the type of media item recommendations the first user may expect to receive from the second user. Thus, there is a need for an ability to view a user's recommendation queue prior to designating the user as a friend.
However, because a recommendation queue will change after a media item recommendation is inserted in the recommendation queue, or when the second user alters a weighting of the priority indicators, a snap-shot of a recommendation queue at an instant in time, while helpful, may not provide sufficient information to the first user. Since the second user's recommendation queue is in part based on the media item recommendations generated by those devices to which the second user is coupled, there is a need to determine commonality information as a function of the priority indicators of the second user, and the priority indicators of the devices that provide media item recommendations to the second user. Such commonality information would be useful to the first user in further ascertaining the types of media item recommendations that may be provided to the first user, should the first user designate the second user a friend.
The present invention relates to a media item recommendation system. User devices that participate in the media item recommendation system may provide media item recommendations to certain user devices, and may receive media item recommendations from certain user devices. Thus, each user device in the media item recommendation system may operate as a media item recommendation receiver and a media item recommendation generator. A user device plays a recommended media item based on an order of media item recommendations in a recommendation queue associated with the user device. Each media item recommendation is an entry in the recommendation queue that identifies a recommended media item. The media item recommendations in a particular recommendation queue are ordered based on priority indicators associated with the respective user device. When a user device selects a media item recommendation from a recommendation queue and plays the recommended media item, a media item recommendation is automatically generated and sent by the user device to certain other user devices to which the user device is coupled. User devices are coupled to one another for the purpose of sending or receiving media item recommendations based on a designation between users associated with the respective user devices. A first user of a first user device may designate a second user of a second user device a friend of the first user. Once designated as a friend, the second user device becomes coupled to the first user device, wherein media item recommendations that are generated by the second user device are provided to the first user device.
In particular, the present invention relates to viewing, sometimes referred to herein as previewing, a portion of a recommendation queue of a second user device. Previewing a recommendation queue of another user device may be useful, for example, in determining whether a first user should designate a second user associated with the second user device a friend of the first user. The present invention also relates to providing commonality information relating to the second user, and to those users that provide the second user media item recommendations, that are indicative of a diversity, or a lack of diversity, of category priority indicator weightings used to prioritize media item recommendations.
The present invention may include a server in communication with one or more user devices. The present invention may be implemented in the context of a social network, where a first user associated with a first user device may choose to designate a second user associated with a second user device a friend of the first user. Prior to doing so, however, the first user may want to preview a portion of the recommendation queue associated with the second user device to ascertain whether the types of media items identified in the recommendation queue of the second user device would be of interest to the first user. The first user device may send a request to the server to obtain a portion of the recommendation queue associated with the second user device. The server may have stored thereon copies of the recommendation queues of the user devices which the server serves. The server may provide recommendation queue entries from a top portion of the recommendation queue of the second user device to the first user device. The first user device can display or otherwise present the queue entries to the first user. The first user can view the recommended media items that are currently in the top portion of the recommendation queue of the second user device, and determine whether or not to designate the second user a friend of the first user. If the first user designates the second user a friend, the server can couple the first user device to the second user device such that the first user device will receive media item recommendations from the second user device.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the server does not maintain a copy of each user device's recommendation queue, and upon receipt of the request from the first user device initiates a request to the second user device for queue entries from at least a top portion of the recommendation queue associated with the second user device. The server, upon receipt of the top portion of the recommendation queue from the second user device, can provide the queue entries from the top portion of the recommendation queue to the first user device.
According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, the server may maintain a copy of a second user device's recommendation queue, or a portion of the second user device's recommendation queue, during a period of time when the second user device is offline. Upon the second user device going offline, the second user device can notify the server and provide the server with a copy of the recommendation queue associated with the second user device, or at least the queue entries from a top portion of such recommendation queue. The server may also maintain priority indicators associated with the second user device. Upon receipt of media item recommendations destined for the second user device from other user devices, the server may prioritize each such media item recommendation according to the priority indicators, and insert the media item recommendation in the recommendation queue based on such priority indicators. As such, the server can provide other user devices with information relating to a dynamically changing recommendation queue associated with the second user device, even when the second user device is offline. When the second user device comes online again, the server can synchronize the recommendation queue with the second user device.
According to yet another embodiment, the present invention can determine commonality information, including a commonality measure indicating a diversity, or lack of diversity between category priority indicators used to prioritize media item recommendations. The commonality information can also include identification of categories or subcategories of priority indicators relating to the second user device and any third user devices that provide media item recommendations to the second user device. The commonality information can be provided to the first user device to help the first user ascertain the types of media item recommendations the first user may expect if the first user designates the second user as a friend.
The server may receive a request from the first user device for a portion of the recommendation queue associated with the second user device, and commonality information relating to the second user device and any third user devices that provide media item recommendations to the second user device. Such second and third user devices may be referred to collectively as a recommendation base, because the media item recommendations generated by the second user device are in part based on the media item recommendations received from user devices that send media item recommendations to the second user device. The server maintains a copy of the priority indicators associated with each of the user devices that compose the recommendation base of the second user device. The server can determine a statistical measure of a dispersion of weights associated with the priority indicators associated with each user device in the recommendation base. The statistical measure can be provided to the first user device as an indication of a commonality of category priority weights among the recommendation base. The server can also determine and provide to the first user device commonality information identifying categories or subcategories which the recommendation base collectively rates relatively highly or relatively lowly.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate the scope of the present invention and realize additional aspects thereof after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments in association with the accompanying drawing figures.
The accompanying drawing figures incorporated in and forming a part of this specification illustrate several aspects of the invention, and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.
The embodiments set forth below represent the necessary information to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention and illustrate the best mode of practicing the invention. Upon reading the following description in light of the accompanying drawing figures, those skilled in the art will understand the concepts of the invention and will recognize applications of these concepts not particularly addressed herein. It should be understood that these concepts and applications fall within the scope of the disclosure and the accompanying claims.
The present invention relates to previewing a media item recommendation queue in a media item recommendation system. The present invention may be practiced in any suitable recommendation system wherein user devices automatically provide recommendations to other user devices that are coupled together for such purposes. One such media item recommendation system is disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0016205 A1. For purposes of illustration, aspects of an exemplary media item recommendation system are illustrated in
An exemplary media item recommendation system 10 includes a plurality of user devices 12A, 12B, and 12C communicatively coupled to one another via a network 14. Each user device 12A, 12B, 12C includes a respective music player 15A, 15B, 15C for playing songs, a recommendation engine 16A, 16B, 16C for automatically generating media item recommendations, and optionally a music collection 18A, 18B, 18C. Each user device 12A, 12B, 12C may or may not have an associated display device 19A, 19B, and 19C. Throughout the Specification, wherein similar elements are referred to by the same numeric reference characters, and distinguished by alphabetic reference characters, such as the user devices 12A, 12B, 12C, such elements may be referred to collectively with reference only to the numeric reference characters, such as the user devices 12, where the discussion pertains to one or more of such elements equally. Each user device 12 includes a respective media item recommendation queue 21A, 21B, 21C, which may be maintained in a memory or other electronic storage mechanism by the respective user device 12, or by a server 20. The network 14 may comprise any suitable conventional or proprietary network topology and communication technology that enables the user devices 12 and the server 20 to communicate with one another. The user devices 12 can comprise any suitable device capable of communicating with the network 14 and playing media items, such as songs, and can include, for example, a digital music player having a wireless or wired network connection, a computer with suitable communication interfaces and a sound card and speakers connected thereto, a cell phone, and the like.
An individual or entity may establish a user account in the exemplary media item recommendation system 10. A user account is typically associated with a particular user device 12 during the period of time when the user account is active, or logged in, to the media item recommendation system 10. Throughout the Specification wherein reference is made to a user, such as one user designating another user a “friend,” it is understood that such designation establishes relationships between user accounts, and between user devices 12 in the media item recommendation system 10 that are associated with a respective user account. Associations between user accounts and user devices 12 may be made by virtue of an authentication process carried out manually or automatically by a respective user device 12 that includes credentials known to the respective user, as is known to those skilled in the art. Similarly, data structures and information maintained therein, such as a media item recommendation queue 21, will be discussed herein in the context of the respective user device 12 with which the data structure is associated, but it will be understood that on a user level, the data structure may be described as being associated with a user. For example, a user account established by a user “Jack” may want to preview a media item recommendation queue 21 associated with a user account established by a user “Jill.” As described herein, such media item recommendation queue 21 is implemented in a particular user device 12 that is associated with the user Jill by virtue of an authentication process, or the like.
Users associated with the user devices 12 may designate one another as a “friend.” Such designation couples the respective user accounts, and thus respective user devices 12, together for purposes of automatic media item recommendation generation. For example, assume that a user of the user device 12A designates a user of the user device 12B a friend. As the user device 12B plays a song, the recommendation engine 16B can automatically generate a media item recommendation for the song and send it to the user device 12A. The media item recommendation can include metadata identifying information about the song, as well as a link, or unique reference identifier, that the user device 12A may use to obtain or access the song. The media item recommendation is inserted into the media item recommendation queue 21A, and the recommended song is played by the music player 15A when the media item recommendation reaches the top of the media item recommendation queue 21A. The song may be obtained via any suitable mechanism, such as from a local music collection 18A, the server 20, or a subscription music service server 22, for example.
Referring again to
While the embodiments discussed herein for purposes of illustration are in the context of a first user previewing a media item recommendation queue 21 of a second user for purposes of determining whether or not to designate the second user a friend of the first user, the invention is not limited to previewing media item recommendation queues 21 for this reason. There may be any number of reasons for a first user to preview a media item recommendation queue 21, including, for example, to decide whether to accept or reject an invitation from the second user asking the first user to be a friend of the second user.
According to another embodiment on the invention, the server 20 may also determine and provide commonality information to the user device 12A. The commonality information may comprise a commonality measure that indicates a diversity of priority indicator weights of a recommendation base associated with a respective user device 12. A recommendation base preferably comprises a particular user device 12 for which a media item recommendation preview is desired, and each user device 12 that provides media item recommendations to such respective user device 12. For example, referring again to
Referring again to
The priority indicator weights associated with each user device 12 may be maintained on the respective user device 12 and obtained from the user device 12 by the server 20 when the server 20 is determining a commonality measure, or may be maintained on the server 20. One mechanism for determining a commonality measure is via a calculation of a coefficient of variation (CV) of the priority indicator weights of the recommendation base. A CV is a normalized measure of dispersion of a probability distribution, and is defined as the ratio of the standard deviation σ to the mean μ in the following manner:
While for purposes of illustration the commonality measure will be discussed in terms of a CV of the priority indicators of the recommendation base, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to calculating a commonality measure using this particular calculation, and that the invention could use a multitude of different commonality measures that indicate a dispersion of the priority indicator weights associated with the recommendation base.
Referring again to
Because a coefficient of variation of data is an indication of a dispersion of data, and higher values mean greater dispersion (e.g., less commonality) while lower values mean less dispersion (e.g., greater commonality), it may be desirable to provide the commonality measure in terms that normalize the commonality measure on a scale of 1% to 100%, with 1% meaning very little commonality, and 100% meaning very much commonality. One mechanism for normalizing a commonality measure is described with reference to the following formulas. Initially, an average category CV is determined for each category in accordance with the following formula:
wherein SUBCATEGORYCV
A summary CV is then determined by averaging the category CVs in accordance with the following formula:
wherein CATEGORYCV
A greatest possible CV is then determined for the recommendation base using formulas (1) and (2) based on one user device 12 in the recommendation base having priority indicators at a maximum priority indicator weight, and all other user devices 12 in the recommendation base having priority indicators at a minimum priority indicator weight. A commonality measure (CM) is then determined in accordance with the following formula:
CM=1−(CVSUMMARY/CVGREATEST POSSIBLE) (3).
The CM can be expressed in terms of a fraction, a decimal, or multiplied by 100 and expressed in terms of a percentage.
Referring to
CM=(1−(0.28421/2.23607))=0.87
0.87*100=87%.
Thus, the commonality value 62 illustrated in
The server 20 obtains priority indicator weights for the user device 12B and all other user devices 12 that make up the recommendation base associated with the user device 12B (step 206). Such priority indicator weights may be maintained on the server 20 or may be maintained on the respective user devices 12. Thus, step 206 may include merely obtaining the priority indicator weights from a storage device or memory associated with the server 20, or may involve separate requests for such priority indicator weights from each user device 12 in the recommendation base. The server 20 uses the priority indicator weights to determine commonality information (step 208). The server 20 provides the recommendation queue entries and commonality information to the user device 12A (step 210). In response to viewing the commonality information, the user may indicate to the user device 12A that the user desires to designate the user associated with the user device 12B a friend, which would couple the user device 12B to the user device 12A such that the user device 12B provides media item recommendations to the user device 12A. The user device 12A initiates a request to the server 20 to designate the user associated with the user device 12B a friend of the user associated with the user device 12A (step 212).
Assume that a user associated with the user device 12A now desires to preview the media item recommendation queue 21B. The user device 12A initiates a request to the server 20 to preview the media item recommendation queue 21B associated with the user device 12B (step 308). The server 20 extracts the recommendation queue entries from the top portion of the media item recommendation queue 21B (step 310). The server 20 obtains priority indicator weights associated with the user device 12B and all other user devices 12 making up the recommendation base (step 312). The server 20 determines commonality information based on the priority indicator weights (step 314). The server 20 provides the user device 12A the recommendation queue entries from the top portion of the media item recommendation queue 21B and the commonality information (step 316).
While the invention has been described herein in the context of previewing a media item recommendation queue 21 associated with a user device 12 for purposes of determining whether one user should designate another user a friend, there may be many other reasons why a user may wish to preview the media item recommendation queue 21 associated with another user in addition to using such information in determining whether to designate another user as a friend. One such reason may be for the purposes of blocking an impending media item recommendation prior to receiving the media item recommendation.
The user device 12B may present the top portion of the media item recommendation queue 21A to the user associated with the user device 12B via the display device 19B. The user of the user device 12B may determine they do not desire to receive a media item recommendation at the top of the media item recommendation queue 21A. The user indicates to the user device 12B that they do not with to receive such media item recommendation. The user device 12B initiates a request to the server 20 to block the impending media item recommendation from the user device 12A (step 408). In time, the user device 12A initiates a media item recommendation to the server 20 destined for the user device 12B (step 410). The server 20 blocks the media item recommendation from the user device 12A (step 412). The server 20 may then notify the user device 12A that the media item recommendation was blocked from being sent to the user device 12B (step 414). The server 20 may also notify the user device 12B that the server 20 successfully blocked the media item recommendation from the user device 12A (step 416).
The server 20 obtains priority indicator weights for the user device 12B and all other user devices 12 that make up the recommendation base associated with the user device 12B (step 458). Such priority indicator weights may be maintained on the server 20 or may be maintained on the respective user devices 12. Thus, step 458 may include merely obtaining the priority indicator weights from a storage device or memory associated with the server 20, or may involve separate requests for such priority indicator weights from each user device 12 in the recommendation base. The server 20 uses the priority indicator weights to determine commonality information (step 460). The server 20 provides the recommendation queue entries and commonality information to the user device 12A (step 462). In response to viewing the commonality information, the user of the user device 12A may indicate to the user device 12A that the user desires to accept the friend invitation, and the user device 12A indicates an acceptance of the friend invitation to the server 20 (step 464). Alternately, the user of the user device 12A may indicate to the user device 12A that the user desires to reject the friend invitation, and the user device 12A indicates a rejection of the friend invitation to the server 20 (step 464). In either event, the server 20 may provide a message to the user device 12B indicating whether the user associated with the user device 12A accepted or rejected the friend invitation.
The functionality described herein with respect to the user device 12 and the server 20 may be implemented on a general purpose processor executing software instructions programmed to provide the described functionality, or may be implemented via firmware, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or a combination thereof. Functionality described herein may be implemented via a computer program product comprising a computer usable medium, such as a hard drive, a digital video disc (DVD) or compact disc (CD), or the like, having a computer readable program code suitable for implementing the functionality described herein.
Those skilled in the art will recognize improvements and modifications to the preferred embodiments of the present invention. All such improvements and modifications are considered within the scope of the concepts disclosed herein and the claims that follow.
This application claims the benefit of provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/149,216, filed Feb. 2, 2009, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
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Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20100199218 A1 | Aug 2010 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 61149216 | Feb 2009 | US |
Child | 12476470 | US |