Method and system for synchronizing illumination timing in a multi-sensor imager

Abstract

Examples embodiments of a method and system for synchronizing active illumination pulses in a multi-sensor imager is provided. Example embodiments of the method disclosed herein include the provision of an illumination pulse for each of N sensors, each of N illumination pulses are set to have the same pulse period and active pulse width. Moreover, example embodiments include setting the active width pulse for each of the N illumination pulses to have maximum exposure time for each of N image sensors, and in further examples, ensuring that the time to capture a frame plus the time interval between subsequent image captures is the same for each sensor. In yet further examples, an offset period between subsequent frame synchronous signals is determined. In yet further example embodiments, an interval between frame captures is adjusted and a negative edge of the frame synchronous signal and an illumination pulse is aligned.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application claims the benefit of Chinese Patent Application for Invention No. 201611235124.3 for A Method and System for Synchronizing Illumination Timing in a Multi-Sensor Imager filed Dec. 28, 2016, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to multi-sensor imaging systems, and in particular to the illumination techniques in such systems.

BACKGROUND

Generally speaking with the development of new imaging technologies and customer demand for increasingly better imaging products, multi-sensor imaging systems with dedicated central processing units (CPUs) are necessary. For better user experience and power efficiency, illumination systems for the sensor must be synchronous to cover a common field of view (FOV) area and to improve illumination strength

Some illuminations must be isolated from the synchronous illumination to avoid interfering with other sensors. However, in most cases the illumination pulse is controlled by sensors, such as global shutter sensors. It is difficult to synchronize the operation of the sensors and the illumination pulses.

For example, one CPU includes one or two imaging sensor interfaces. In a bi-optics image scanner, there are at least four sides (bottom side, top side, left side, and right side) to capture the image. Two to four CPUs are required to support four image sensors. Generally, each image sensor has its own illumination source. If illumination timing from each of the image sensors isn't controlled, illumination from the top side can enter into the bottom side sensor directly, for example. Usually, the timing of the image sensors is adjusted to avoid illumination conflict and improve illumination overlap according to the instant requirements. However, in various CPU systems, it is difficult to adjust the sensor timings to get the appropriate illumination time, whether it be overlap timing or non-overlap timing.

Therefore, a need exists for a multi-sensor illumination timing control which is simple to implement and provides stable illumination with no flickering.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention embraces a system for synchronizing illumination timing in a multi-sensor imager.

In an exemplary embodiment, the system is comprised of N number of image sensors with active pulse illumination, N being a natural number >2. Each sensor is configured to generate a frame synchronous signal (FEN_N) for image capture, where subscript N indicates the image sensor corresponding to the frame synchronous signal. The system further comprises at least two CPUs. Each of the CPUs controls at least 1 of the N number of image sensors. The system further includes an illumination control block communicatively linked to each of the CPUs. The illumination control block is configured to generate illumination pulses for each of N image sensors. The illumination pulse for each of the N image sensors being set to have the same pulse period (T_p) and active pulse width (W_p). The active width pulse for each illumination pulse is set to have maximum exposure time for each of N image sensors. The illumination control block is further configured to communicate pulse period (T_p) and active pulse width (W_p) for the illumination pulses to each of the CPUs. Each of the CPUs is configured to ensure during initialization of image capture that time to capture a frame (T_fr) plus a time interval between subsequent image captures (T_wait) is equal to the illumination pulse period T_p communicated by illumination control block, and is therefore the same for each sensor, T_fr1+T_wait1=T_fr2+T_wait2=T_frN+T_waitN. Each of the CPUs is further configured to monitor the frame synchronous signal (FEN_N) and corresponding illumination pulse for the image sensor under the control of the particular CPU. Further, each of the CPUs is configured to calculate offset periods (T_dN and T_dN+1), the offset period being between the negative edge of the illumination pulse and the negative edge of the frame synchronous signal corresponding to each of N image sensors. Each of the CPUs is further configured to adjust the T_waitN to T_waitNR, where T_waitNR=T_waitN+T_dN. Finally, each of the CPUs is configured to align the negative edge of FEN_N and the corresponding illumination pulse.

In another exemplary embodiment of the system, each of the CPUs corresponds on a one-to-one basis with the N number of sensors.

In another exemplary embodiment of the system, each of the CPUs controls 2 of the N number of sensors.

In another exemplary embodiment of the system, the illumination control block is selected from a central processing unit (CPU), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA).

In another exemplary embodiment of the system, each of the CPUs is configured to integrate the corresponding image sensor image capture with an active integration time.

In another exemplary embodiment of the system, each of the CPUs is configured to limit the active integration time of the corresponding image sensor according to the pulse width (W_p).

In another exemplary embodiment of the system, the active integration time is W_p based upon T_intN>W_p, T_intN being the pixel integration time for exposure, set by the image sensor N.

In another exemplary embodiment of the system, the active integration time is T_intN based upon T_intN<W_p, where T_intN is the pixel integration time for exposure, set by the sensor N.

In another exemplary embodiment of the system, each illumination pulse has a frequency that is equal to a frame rate of the corresponding image sensor.

In another exemplary embodiment of the system, each illumination pulse has a frequency that is equal to twice a frame rate of the corresponding image sensor.

In another aspect, the present invention embraces a method for synchronizing active illumination pulses in a multi-sensor imager having N number of sensors, where N is a nonzero natural number and subscript N in conjunction with a period (T) and a frame synchronous signal (FEN) correlates with the corresponding sensor.

In an exemplary embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: (a) providing an illumination pulse for each of N sensors from an illumination control block; (b) setting each of N illumination pulses to have the same pulse period (T_p) and active pulse width (W_p); (c) setting the active width pulse for each of N illumination pulses to have maximum exposure time for each of N image sensors; (d) ensuring during initialization of image capture that the time to capture a frame (T_fr) plus the time interval between subsequent image captures (T_wait) is the same for each sensor, T_fr1+T_wait1=T_fr2+T_wait2=T_frN+T_waitN and is equal to the pulse period (T_p); (e) monitoring the frame synchronous signal (FEN_N) and corresponding illumination pulse for each sensor; (f) obtaining the offset periods (T_dN and T_dN+1) between FEN_N and FEN_N+1 from the monitoring step, the offset period being between the negative edge of the illumination pulse and the negative edge of the frame synchronous signal; (g) adjusting the T_waitN to T_waitNR, where T_waitNR=T_waitN+T_dN, the T_dN being determined in the monitoring step for the next frame capture; and (h) aligning the negative edge of FEN_N and the corresponding illumination pulse.

In another exemplary embodiment, the method further comprises the step of (i) integrating the sensors image capture with an active integration time.

In another exemplary embodiment, the method further comprises the step of limiting the active integration time according to the pulse width (W_p).

In another exemplary embodiment of the method, the active integration time is W_p based upon T_intN>T_intN being the pixel integration time for exposure, set by the sensor N.

In another exemplary embodiment of the method, the active integration time is T_intN based upon T_intN<W_p, where T_intN is the pixel integration time for exposure, set by the sensor N.

In another exemplary embodiment of the method, the illumination pulse frequency is twice the frame rate of the corresponding sensor.

In another exemplary embodiment of the method, the illumination pulse frequency the same as the frame rate of the corresponding sensor.

In another exemplary embodiment of the method, each of the N sensors is controlled by a corresponding CPU. The monitoring step is accomplished by the CPU corresponding to the image sensor generating the FEN_N.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, the method further comprises the step of (j) communicating the pulse period (T_p) and active pulse width (W_p) to the corresponding CPU by the illumination control block.

In another exemplary embodiment of the method, the obtaining, adjusting, and aligning steps are accomplished by the corresponding CPU.

The foregoing illustrative summary, as well as other exemplary objectives and/or advantages of the invention, and the manner in which the same are accomplished, are further explained within the following detailed description and its accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 schematically depicts a block diagram of the system in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 schematically depicts in a flow diagram, the functions of the components of the system in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 schematically depicts the signal flow for the system in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for synchronizing active illumination pulses in a multi-sensor imager in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention embraces a system for synchronizing illumination timing in a multi-sensor imager.

In an exemplary embodiment, depicted in FIG. 1, the system (200) comprises an illumination control block (210), image sensors (222, 232, and 234), and CPUs (220 and 230). The system (200) illustrated depicts only 2 CPU's (220 and 230) and only three imaging sensors (222, 232, and 234), however more imaging sensors and corresponding CPU's are possible. In accordance with the present invention, and depicted in the Figure, each CPU controls either one or two imaging sensors. The “X” designation identifies the CPU. The “N” designation identifies the imaging sensor and pulses and signals with the “N” subscript correspond to the imaging sensor with the same “N” designation.

The illumination control block (210) is communicatively linked to the CPUs (220 and 230). Illumination control block (210) may be a central processing unit (CPU), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like.

The imaging sensors (222, 232, and 234) may be Jade sensors; that is, the imaging software is Java Agent Development Framework-based. In the alternative, the sensors may be global shutter sensors.

Referring now to FIG. 2, the system (200) of FIG. 1, is illustrated showing the functions of the illumination control block (210) and the CPUs (220 and 230). The illumination control block (210) which generates illumination pulses for each sensor in functions (213 and 214) first sets the illumination pulse period (T_p) and the active pulse width (W_p) in function (211). The T_p and W_p are set by the illumination control block (210) to be the same for each illumination pulse. The illumination control block (210) communicates the information about the illumination T_p and W_p to the CPUs (220 and 230) in function (212).

The CPUs (220 and 230) control the sensors (222, 232, and 234 respectively) and compel the sensors to initialize image capture in steps (240a, 240b, 240c). The CPU's also are each configured to ensure during initialization of image capture that time to capture a frame (T_fr) plus a time interval between subsequent image captures (T_wait) is the same for each sensor and is equal to the illumination pulse period (T_p) communicated by the illumination control block (210). Thus, T_fr1+T_wait1=T_fr2+T_wait2=T_frN+T_waitN=T_p, or in the present embodiment as shown in the FIG. 2 as function (241a, 241b, and 241c), T_fr1+T_wait1=T_p, T_fr2+T_wait2=T_p, and T_fr3+T_wait3=T_p.

The CPUs (220 and 230) are configured to monitor the frame synchronous signal (FEN_N) and corresponding illumination pulse for the image sensor under the control the particular CPU. For example, in the Figure, CPU₁ monitors the frame synchronous signal (FEN₁) and Illumination Pulse 1 in function (242a). CPU₂ (230) monitors the frame synchronous signal (FEN₂) and Illumination Pulse 2 in function (242b). Because CPU2 (230) controls Sensor 2 (232) and Sensor 3 (234), CPU₂ (230) also monitors the frame synchronous signal (FEN₃) and Illumination Pulse 3 in function (242c).

In a similar way, CPU₁ (220) and CPU₂ (230) calculate offset periods, functions (243a, 243b, 243c), (T_dN, T_dN+1 and T_dN+2 respectively.) The offset period being that between the negative edge of the corresponding illumination pulse and the negative edge of the frame synchronous signal corresponding to each of N image sensors. For example, the offset period T_d1 is between the negative edge of illumination pulse 1 and the negative edge of FEN₁. In general, the negative edge of a pulse is considered to be the high to low transition of a square wave signal.

In functions 244a, 224b, and 244c, the CPU's (220 and 230) are configured to adjust the time interval between image captures, or the T_waitN. Thus, T_waitN is changed to T_waitNR, where T_waitNR=T_waitN+T_dN, that is, the previous interval between image captures plus the offset period for a given sensor. Thus, for Sensor 1 (222) T_wait1 is adjusted to T_waitNR which is T_wait1+T_d1. The CPU's (220 and 230) make this adjustment of Twait based upon calculating the offset period, T_dN.

In functions 245a, 245b, and 245c, the CPU's (220 and 230) are configured to align the negative edge of FEN_N and the corresponding illumination pulse. For example, CPU1 (220) is configured to align the negative edge of FEN₁ and illumination pulse 1.

Referring now to FIG. 3, the illumination pulse and the frame synchronous signal for only Sensors 1 and 2 (222 and 232) are shown in comparison to each other. FIG. 3, is discussed in conjunction with FIGS. 1 and 2.

The active illumination pulse (500) is shown to have a pulse period T_p (501) and a pulse width W_p (502).

FEN₁ (300) has an offset period T_d1 (301) as FEN₂ (400) has an offset period T_d2 (401). Note that the offset periods T_dN ensure that the illumination pulse (500) does not illumination the same portion of T_fr1 (303) and T_fr2 (403), the frame capture periods. At the same time, the interval between frame captures (T_waitN) should be the same for each sensor. So, in the FIG. 3, it can be seen that T_wait1 (302)+T_fr1 (303)=T_wait2 (402)+T_fr2 (403) at the same time as being offset from each other.

It can also be seen from the signal flow in FIG. 3 that a new interval between frame captures T_waitNR is equal to T_waitN+T_dN. In particular, T_wait1R (304)=T_wait1 (302)+T_d1 (301) and T_wait1R (404)=T_wait1 (402)+T_d2 (401).

Also shown in FIG. 3 are the pixel integration times: T_int1 (305) for Sensor 1 (222) and T_int2 for Sensor 2 (232). The active integration time for each sensor may be equal to the pixel integration time, T_intN, when T_intN<W_p (502), the illumination pulse width. Alternatively, the active integration time may be equal to the illumination pulse width, W_p (502) when the pixel integration time, T_intN is greater than or equal to the illumination pulse width, W_p (502).

In FIG. 3, the illumination pulse (500) has a frequency which is equal to the frame rate of Sensor 1 (222) and Sensor 2 (232). Alternatively, the illumination pulse (500) may have a frequency which is twice the frame rate of the sensors (222 and 232) (not shown in Figure).

The present invention also embraces a method for synchronizing active illumination pulses in a multi-sensor imager. The method which will be described in conjunction with the system illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.

Referring to FIG. 4, in an exemplary embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: (601) providing an illumination pulse for each of N sensors from an illumination control block; (602) setting each of N illumination pulses to have the same pulse period (T_p) and active pulse width (W_p); (603) setting the active width pulse for each of N illumination pulses to have maximum exposure time for each of N image sensors; (604) ensuring during initialization of image capture that the time to capture a frame (T_fr) plus the time interval between subsequent image captures (T_wait) is the same for each sensor, T_fr1+T_wait1=T_fr2+T_wait2=T_frN+T_waitN, and is equal to the pulse period (T_p); (605) monitoring the frame synchronous signal (FEN_N) and corresponding illumination pulse for each sensor; (606) obtaining the offset periods (T_dN and T_dN+1) between FEN_N and FEN_N+1 from the monitoring step, the offset period being between the negative edge of the illumination pulse and the negative edge of the frame synchronous signal; (607) adjusting the T_waitN to T_waitNR, where T_waitNR=T_waitN+T_dN, the T_dN being determined in the monitoring step for the next frame capture; and (608) aligning the negative edge of FENN and the corresponding illumination pulse.

The method may further comprise the step of (609) communicating the pulse period (T_P) and active pulse width (W_p) to the corresponding CPU by the illumination control block after the (602) setting step.

The method may further comprise the steps of (610) integrating the sensors image capture with an active integration time and (611) of limiting the active integration time according to the pulse width (W_p).

For step (611), the active integration time is set to be the illumination pulse width, W_p, based upon the pixel integration time, T_intN being greater than or equal to W_p. T_intN being set by the corresponding sensor N.

For step (611), the active integration time is set to be the pixel integration time, T_intN, based upon the pixel integration time being less than the illumination pulse width W_p.

In the method, each of the N sensors is controlled by a corresponding CPU. The monitoring step (605) is accomplished by the CPU corresponding to the image sensor generating the FEN_N. The obtaining (606), adjusting (607), and aligning (608) steps are accomplished by the corresponding CPU.

To supplement the present disclosure, this application incorporates entirely by reference the following commonly assigned patents, patent application publications, and patent applications:

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In the specification and/or figures, typical embodiments of the invention have been disclosed. The present invention is not limited to such exemplary embodiments. The use of the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The figures are schematic representations and so are not necessarily drawn to scale. Unless otherwise noted, specific terms have been used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims

1. A system for synchronizing illumination timing in a multi-sensor imager, comprising: N number of image sensors with active pulse illumination, N being a natural number >2, each sensor being configured to generate a frame synchronous signal (FENn) for image capture, where subscript N indicates the image sensor corresponding to the frame synchronous signal;at least 2 CPUs, each of the CPUs controlling at least 1 of the N number of image sensors;an illumination control block communicatively linked to each of the CPUs;the illumination control block being configured to generate illumination pulses for each of N image sensors, the illumination pulse for each of the N image sensors being set to have an illumination pulse period (Tp) and an active pulse width (Wp), the active width pulse for each illumination pulse being set to have maximum exposure time for each of N image sensors, wherein the illumination pulse period (Tp) and the active pulse width (Wp) for the illumination pulse are the same for each of N image sensors;the illumination control block being configured to communicate the illumination pulse period (Tp) and active pulse width (Wp) for the illumination pulses to each of the CPUs;each of the CPUs being configured to ensure during initialization of image capture that time to capture a frame (Tfr) plus a time interval between subsequent image captures (Twait) is equal to the illumination pulse period Tp, and is the same for each sensor, Tfr1+Twait1=Tfr2+Twait2=TfrN+TwaitN;each of the CPUs being configured to integrate a corresponding image capture by the image sensor with an active integration time that corresponds to the active pulse width (Wp) in response to a determination that a pixel integration time for exposure associated with the image sensor is greater than or equal to the active pulse width (Wp);each of the CPUs being configured to align a negative edge of the frame synchronous signal (FENn) for the image sensor under the control of the CPU and a negative edge of a corresponding illumination pulse, the negative edge of the frame synchronous signal being the Twait negative edge;each of the CPUs being further configured to calculate offset periods (TdN and TdN+1), the offset period being between the negative edge of the illumination pulse and the negative edge of the frame synchronous signal corresponding to each of N image sensors; andeach of the CPUs being further configured to adjust the TwaitN to TwaitNR based on the offset periods (TdN and TdN+1), where TwaitNR=TwaitN+TdN.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the CPUs correspond on a one-to-one basis with the N number of sensors.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the CPUs control 2 of the N number of sensors.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the illumination control block is selected from a CPU, a CPLD, and a FPGA.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the CPUs is configured to integrate the corresponding image sensor image capture with the pixel integration time in response to a determination that the pixel integration time is less than the active pulse width (Wp).

6. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the CPUs is configured to limit the active integration time of the corresponding image sensor according to the pulse width (Wp).

7. The system of claim 1, wherein each illumination pulse has a frequency that is equal to a frame rate of the corresponding image sensor.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein each illumination pulse has a frequency that is equal to twice a frame rate of the corresponding image sensor.

9. A method for synchronizing active illumination pulses in a multi-sensor imager having N number of sensors, where N is a nonzero natural number and subscript N in conjunction with a period (T) and a frame synchronous signal (FEN) correlates with the corresponding sensor, comprising the steps of: a) providing an illumination pulse for each of the N sensors from an illumination control block;b) setting each of N illumination pulses to have an illumination pulse period (Tp) and an active pulse width (Wp), wherein the illumination pulse period (Tp) and the active pulse width (Wp) for the illumination pulse are the same for each of N image sensors;c) setting the active width pulse for each of N illumination pulses to have maximum exposure time for each of N image sensors;d) ensuring during initialization of image capture that the time to capture a frame (Tfr) plus the time interval between subsequent image captures (Twait) is the same for each sensor, Tfr1+Twait1=Tfr2+Twait2=TfrN+TwaitN, and is equal to the illumination pulse period (Tp);e) integrating a corresponding image capture by the sensor with an active integration time that corresponds to the active pulse width (Wp) in response to a determination that a pixel integration time for exposure associated with the sensor is greater than or equal to the active pulse width (Wp);f) aligning a negative edge of the frame synchronous signal (FENn) for the image sensor and a negative edge of a corresponding illumination pulse for each sensor, the negative edge of the frame synchronous signal being the Twait negative edge;g) obtaining the offset periods (TdN and TdN+1) between FENn and FENn+1, the offset period being between the negative edge of the illumination pulse and the negative edge of the frame synchronous signal; andh) adjusting the TwaitN to TwaitNR based on the offset periods (TdN and TdN+1), where TwaitNR=TwaitN+TdN, the TdN being determined for the next frame capture.

10. The method of 9, further comprising the step of integrating the sensors image capture with the pixel integration time in response to a determination that the pixel integration time is less than the active pulse width (Wp).

11. The method of 9, further comprising the step of limiting the active integration time according to the pulse width (Wp).

12. The method of claim 9, wherein the illumination pulse frequency is twice the frame rate of the corresponding sensor.

13. The method of claim 9, wherein the illumination pulse frequency the same as the frame rate of the corresponding sensor.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein each of N sensors is controlled by a corresponding CPU.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of communicating the illumination pulse period (TP) and active pulse width (Wp) to the corresponding CPU by the illumination control block.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the aligning, obtaining, and adjusting steps are accomplished by the corresponding CPU.