The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for appending non-photographic material, including textual and/or audio material to digital photographs included in image files, such as those using the JPEG format and transferring these files to a remote source, the image file including displayable icons.
The current technology on the market permits cameras to take digital or non-digital pictures, and attach date and time stamps to the picture. The date and time stamps become permanent non-modifiable information that is either attached to the developed picture of pasted as pixels into a digital picture. This implies that if a particular viewer of the picture does not want to view the additional data attached to the picture, they will not have the opportunity to do so. Furthermore, if someone wants to modify or remove that data, that is also not possible.
Other current technologies exist that permit users to add captions to their digital pictures. However, these captions are stored in a database on a local machine or Internet site. If the user wants to move a picture from one environment to another, or send digital pictures to other users, then the caption does not move with the picture. Furthermore, if a sound file was attached to the JPEG file, the same problems would exist with respect to transmitting both the photograph and the sound.
Several U.S. patents have issued generally relating to the subject matter of transferring JPEG files. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,014,170, issued to Pont et al is directed to an information processing apparatus which stores information in recording units. Each recording unit includes at least one of a main image data, a sub-image data, and audio data. As illustrated in
U.S. Pat. No. 5,805,215, issued to Mizoguchi shows an information processing method and apparatus utilizing a notebook-type electronic camera. Various information relating to a particular image, such as the date of the image is automatically recorded along with the image data.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,170,253, issued to Horiuchi et al illustrates an apparatus for superimposing a title onto an image produced by a video camera. A title to be displayed is elected by a control signal from a control signal input terminal. Both the patents to Mizoguchi and Horiuchi et al, while discussing adding material to a digital photograph, neither of these patents suggest a manner for insuring that only authorized individuals could alter the non-photographic material after it is sent from a first location to a second location.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,833,865 to Fuller et al. describes a digital capture system such as a digital still camera utilizing embedded metadata engines. Although
Patent application publication 2005/0046706 to Sesek et al. shows an apparatus for capturing an image along with additional metadata relating to that image. In the case of this particular application, this additional data is generally directed to the geographical position of the captured image. An image data capture module gathers the photographic object information in block field 2 and stores the captured geographical data in storage box 304. Therefore, it does appear that the metadata associated with the image is stored in different memory locations.
Patent application publication 2004/0201740 to Nakamura et al. describes a system for capturing and storing images as well as metadata associated with each of the images. The images and metadata are stored in the table format illustrated with respect to
A number of U.S. patents illustrate the use of icons along with image data. One such patent is U.S. Pat. No. 6,774,939 issued to Peng. This patent describes a recording and playback device provided with image data, as well as a plurality of icons associated with the image data. The image data 50, 50A and 50B is displayed on a monitor 42. This monitor would also have a plurality of icons 46 associated with the image data. These icons are used to control various features of the playback device. It is noted that while a memory 120 stores an image file 210, metadata relating to the icon 46 are not stored in conjunction with the image file 210.
Another U.S. patent provided with icons is U.S. Pat. No. 6,522,354 issued to Kawamura et al. This patent describes a system allowing a user to erase a sound file associated with an image without the necessity of knowing where the sound file has been stored. Icons are displayed on a camera, but not on the image itself and are used to identify the file.
While the utilization of JPEG files to create digital pictures constitutes a remarkable breakthrough in the field of creating realistic images, as well as easily having the ability of transmitting the digital pictures to various remote locations, it also poses the problem of protecting the rights of individuals who created and copyrighted these images. Several techniques have been utilized, primarily employing the use of a watermark to endeavor to protect the unauthorized usage of these protected digital pictures.
For example, traditional watermarks can be provided for this purpose. A graphical watermark (i.e., not for resale) is permanently added to a copy of the digital image that is available for downloading from the Internet. This watermark is semi-transparent or translucent, allowing the end user to see what the image looks like, but would prevent the use of the image due to the presence of the watermark. Once the end user has paid for the use of the digital image through a digital rights management (DRM) arrangement, such as purchasing the rights in the image, or obtaining a license for the use of the digital image, the end user is then sent a link to download the original image without the watermark. However, this solution creates the problem that the seller must maintain two copies of the images on line and once the second image is downloaded, the protection against unauthorized replication of the digital image is not present. This is particularly important since the end user might have only purchased a limited use of the digital image in certain environments. Additionally, even if the end user has the complete right to utilize the digital image, since the digital image is transmitted over the Internet, an unauthorized user or users would have the ability of utilizing the non-watermarked image for their own unauthorized use. It is important to note that in this situation, there is no way to prevent the unauthorized usage of the transmitted unwatermarked digital image.
A second method of protecting against the unauthorized usage of a digital image would be by employing invisible watermarks. Generally, an invisible watermark consists of imbedding information between the pixels of the digital image in a manner so this additional information cannot be removed. Virtually, all the new drivers licenses in the United States utilize this technology. The drawback of this method is that, although the unauthorized usage of the digital image can be monitored by an individual electronically examining the invisible watermarked image, it does not prevent the unauthorized usage of that image since there is no visible deterrent.
It will be appreciated from the foregoing that there is still need for improvement in a system and method of attaching non-photographic material to a photograph, transmitting both the photographic and non-photographic material and allowing only authorized individuals to modify the non-photographic material at a second location remote from a first location.
It will also be appreciated from the foregoing that there is a need to provide a method and system for watermarking a digital picture or image to prevent th unauthorized usage of the digital picture, while at the same time transmitting the watermarked digital picture to an authorized user, who would have the ability to remove or have removed the watermark from the digital picture in such a manner to allow for its authorized use, but, at the same time, would prevent the unauthorized use of the digital picture.
It will also be appreciated from the foregoing that there is a need to provide a system and method of informing the user of the information located within the JPEG file. A system must be developed which would be transmitted along with the JPEG file that would not be eliminated or destroyed upon excessive transmissions of the JPEG file.
It will also be appreciated from the foregoing that there is a need to provide a system and method of adding audio material to a JPEG file, without the necessity of substituting additional texual material for a portion of the original photograph.
The deficiencies of the prior art are addressed in the present invention which would allow individuals to take digital pictures and attach textual data to the picture file itself so that the data will accompany the picture wherever it goes. If it is sent through the Internet or any other medium, the accompanying text, or, additionally, an audio file, is always attached to the digital picture both in the picture itself and as an ASCII text so that it is capable of being edited. Information provided in a JPEG marker would include a password allowing only a certain individual or individuals to edit the digital, non-picture material. Furthermore, the present invention would allow individuals to modify certain information in the digital picture, but not allow modification of other information in the picture. Additionally, the present invention would allow certain individuals to modify one type of information and other individuals to modify a different type of information. While the present invention will be explained with respect to the JPEG file format, it is important to note that it would have application to any image file format having the capability of storing meta data within the image file.
The text/audio material that is attached to the picture will be viewable for anyone that receives the picture. The user would determine exactly where and how this text will be displayed with the photograph. The textual material can be produced as a caption displayed around any of the borders of the picture or could be directly included in the picture itself by overlaying certain pixels of the picture. However, only those having the appropriate photograph tags application will be permitted to modify the text if they so desire, providing that the owner of the picture has sent permission to allow this. Furthermore, based upon the password or passwords included in the application, certain individuals would have the ability to modify all of the textual/audio material, while other individuals could only edit a portion of this material.
It is clear that the text/audio material that is attached to the digital picture and added to the JPEG file need not be a substitute for any portion of the original digital photograph. This is particularly true with respect to the audio material which would merely be appended to the JPEG file including the original digital photograph. In this instance, the added audio portion of the file would be transmitted along with the original digital photograph, since it is inserted into the original JPEG file which would then include both the original digital photograph, as well as the added audio material, constituting an augmented JPEG file. This JPEG file could further include textual material provided in addition to the original digital photograph, or the textual material would be as a substitution for a portion of the original digital photograph.
Other individuals that receive the photograph would not require any special technology to view the captions or other types of data that is attached to the photograph, since the creator of the additional data and/or sound will attach this additional information as part of the digital photograph. The non-photographic material will be provided in the digital photographic file in its raw form, so that if the creator requires modification of a text, this will be possible.
Furthermore, since the actual textual/audio data will be stored inside the JPEG file, it will now be possible to search all of one's photographs on their personal computer or other device for textual data. For example, if textual material, such as the location of a photograph is added to the digital photograph, the owner of these photographs could search for only those photographs which were taken at a certain location or of a particular individual. Furthermore, if a number of photographers sent captioned material to a news organization, such as a newspaper, this organization could search for all of the photographs submitted by a certain photographer, or on a certain subject, or by the date of the picture. The combination that could be searched would vary with the type of material stored in the JPEG file.
It would now become possible based upon the present invention to make each picture into a separate database suppository of data that describes attributes about that picture, and when joined together with many other photograph tagged pictures, it becomes possible to build a database of pictures, where each picture has information describing the contents of the picture. Thus, when joined with many other pictures, this will form a database of pictures that can be searched and processed as a group or as individual pictures.
The application software utilized to produce the desired results of attaching textual captions and audio material directly to a digital photograph, viewing this photograph as well as editing this photograph would reside in many different devices, such as personal computers, hand-held computers or even cameras that will know how to edit and display this digital data in any form. The photography tagged technology would be published as a software developing kit preventing (SDK) so that third parties may integrate the concept of adding and editing textual and audio captions into digital photographs in their own products. The present invention extends the current market file format restoring digital pictures in the JPEG format by utilizing certain reserve tags in the JPEG file for adding the data required to store the metadata into the JPEG file for editing.
Once the textual as well as audio data would be provided in the JPEG file as metadata, it is important that the existence of this metadata be made apparent to the recipient of such data. Cell phones, personal computers, Blackberrys and the like are capable of receiving, storing and displaying the JPEG images. However, since the display of some of these devices, particularly cell phones and Blackberrys, are quite small, it is not practical to be able to install an application with a standard graphic user interface (GUI) to identify and access the embedded metadata.
Each type of metadata will be represented by a graphical image or icon that can be placed anywhere on the image itself, including its borders. If there are multiple types of metadata or different files of the same type of metadata, then each type of metadata would be represented by its own icon. For example, if the image included an audio message, an MP3 music file, as well as a text message, there would be three icons associated with the image.
In order to enable a device to access and display the embedded metadata, the receiving device must include the appropriate enabling software which would easily be made available to the display device, such as downloading it over the internet. Conversely, this enabling software could be directly installed when the device was manufactured. This can be done at the chip, firmware or thin client level. Therefore, once the JPEG file, including the metadata as well as icons, are transmitted to a remote user, the user can “click” on the desired icon and the content would be appropriately accessed. For example, if the icon for the voice message is “clicked”, the voice message will be played through a speaker. If the text icon is “clicked”, then the message will be displayed instead of the image, along with the image or covering a portion of the image.
By the mere fact that the icons are visually associated with the image itself, the image in effect becomes a self-contained application that does not require a separate GUI, since the icons on the GUI replace that GUI. If a user receives an image including these icons, but does not have the necessary code to access the embedded content, then these messages would not be displayed. However, it is important to note that the metadata associated with each of the icons, as well as the metadata directed to the display of the icons, would not be destroyed regardless of the number of times the JPEG file would be transferred. This is true regardless of the fact that some of the devices to which the JPEG was transferred could not access the metadata whereas subsequent devices to which this data has been transferred could access the metadata. This is true since the icons are stored directly in the JPEG image file along with the image data, textual data and sound data.
The problem of properly policing the digital rights of a proprietary digital picture, such as covered by copyright, is also addressed by the present invention. Although the teachings of the present application describe a system and method of adding textual material to a digital picture, this textual material, while not limited to, is generally directed to a situation in which only a small portion of the digital picture is removed and replaced by textual material. It therefore, does not address the situation in which a watermark would be applied to a large portion of the digital picture, so as to prevent unauthorized use of that digital picture.
The watermark is applied to the digital picture as a virtual overlay of the picture, in such a manner to allow an authorized user to view the digital picture with the watermark applied thereto, but would not allow the user to appropriately utilize the digital picture without having the watermark removed therefrom. The watermark is applied to the digital picture as well as being stored in the JPEG file in such a manner that the transmission of the digital picture with the watermark to an authorized end user, would allow the end user to have the watermark be removed, either by the end user, or by the party which initiated the transmission of the watermarked digital picture. In one embodiment of the invention, if the end user is given only a limited right to use the digital picture without the watermark included thereon, once the limited use is completed, the watermark would reappear.
It is noted that the icons associated with the metadata could also include a watermark icon, allowing a subsequent user to add one more watermark, to the displayed image, or remove one or more watermarks from the displayed image.
The present invention will be understood and appreciated more fully from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the appended drawings in which:
Similar to the first computer 12, the second computer 14 includes a hard drive 28 provided with a memory therein, a monitor 30, as well as a standard keyboard 32 including standard alphanumeric keys 34 and standard function keys 36. The keyboard 32 is connected to the hard drive 28 via a communication line 44 and the display 30 is connected to the hard drive 28 via a communication line 46. Information is transmitted between the hard drive 18 of the first computer 12 and the hard drive 28 of the first computer 14 via any known communications link 38 such as a wired link, a wireless link as well as the Internet.
One of the purposes of the present invention is to allow a caption to be added to a photograph in such a manner that both the caption and the photograph are stored as one JPEG file such that the entire file can be transferred from one memory device such as a computer to a second memory device such as a computer. Additionally, the present invention would allow the textual information to be altered by an individual having permission from the person generating the photograph and appended captioned material. It is also noted that a caption need not be limited to textual material and could also include sound such as a verbal commentary for music or any other type of supporting sound to enrich the photograph. This sound file will be any standard sound file format such as WAV. Other types of textual material would include a caption describing the contents of the photograph, the photographer's name, a copyright notice as well as a time stamp. The photographer's name as well as the copyright notice would include as ASCII string with the name of the photographer as well as the copyright notice. It is also noted that the term “textual material” utilized with this invention would include one or more of the above-noted metadata attributes as well as any additional attributes which would fulfill the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it is noted that the computer or memory device could also be a camera or cellular phone.
The above-noted textual attributes can be appended to the bottom of the photograph or embedded in any form directly in the photograph. Information relating to the position of the textual material would be included in the JPEG file. Furthermore, the present invention would allow the textual material to be displayed in various fonts, colors and sizes as well as a display angle in the digital photograph. Additionally, the X, Y position in the picture of any of the above-noted textual attributes as well as the rotation angle, background color (if the textual material is not embedded in the picture) as well as the text color, font name, font size and font style (any combination of bold, underline, italics or the like) would also be stored in the JPEG file format.
A standard JPEG format utilizes markers to break the JPEG file stream into its component structures. Each marker is two bytes in length with the first byte always having the value FF and the second byte containing a code that specifies the marker type. The JPEG standard is fairly flexible when it comes to ordering the markers within a file. The only rule that is employed is that each file must begin with a start of image (SOI) marker and end with an end of image (EOI) marker. In most cases, all other markers can appear in any order.
The JPEG format supports general purpose markers for third party applications for a multitude of uses. The JPEG format contains a set of 16 markers designated as APP0-APP15 that are used to store application specific data. These markers would allow information beyond what is specified in the JPEG standard to be stored. Although it is unimportant which of these markers are utilized in the present invention, the photography tag for the present invention will store all of the relevant textual data in the APP10 marker. The JPEG file format does not require that any and all of these markers be used. They are merely definitions of markers that a standard application that opens and reads the JPEG file can ignore. Since they are used for application specific data, it is quite probable that most of the JPEG files will not have any APP markers.
The concept of assigning numbers to these APP markers gives 15 possible APP markers that may be used. The present invention has chosen to use the APP10 marker purely on an arbitrary basis. However, if another application decides to employ the APP10 marker for their own internal reasons, the APP 10 marker of the present invention will be differentiated from these other APP10 markers by the inclusion of a signature in the marker structure that is 8 bytes long.
The APP10 marker utilized in the present invention inside the JPEG file will contain basically the same data structure as shown in Table I.
The photography tag application requires three types of markers, namely a header marker, a non displayable data marker and a displayable text data marker. The particular type of marker will be indicated in the type field in the header structure as shown in Table I.
The header marker 80 (see
The non displayable data marker can hold any form of data for a single element and would include the concept of open field names. This means that the application can create its own field types. As shown in Table III, these internal fields could contain but are not limited to the type of caption, the name of a photographer, the copyright notice, the date of the photograph, a textual description as well as sound. Other types of fields such as a price of the photograph could also be included. The structure of the non displayable data marker is shown in Table III. This data marker allows a user to store any form of the data in the JPEG file that is not used for displaying. This data can be used for searching various items in this database. It is important to note that this data need not be textual and would also include sound data. This is important since the searching capacities of the present invention would then not be limited to just textual data but would also include the possibility of searching the audio data. Various input devices associated with the present invention such as voice recognition devices can be employed in this searching process.
The caption marker 76 as well as the copyright marker 78 is stored in the JPEG file in front of the header marker 80. The types of textual data which is stored in this file could include a caption, a time stamp, the name of the photographer, a copyright notice as well as a sound commentary. The structure of the test data marker is shown in Table IV. If the text is to be embedded into the JPEG file picture, it stores the bits of the picture before the overlay so that it may support editing and rebuilding of the old picture, if needed. All of the text fields are designed to be of variable length, thereby requiring that there be a length field proceeding each of the text field data attributes.
The displayable text marker is illustrated in Table IV. The displayable text marker stores the display attributes of a piece of text and is basically a superset of the non displayable marker since it contains all of the information contained in Table III as well as all of the information contained in Table IV. The main difference between Table III and Table IV is that Table IV also contains the display attributes of the text. Furthermore, if the text is to be embedded to the photograph, the displayable text marker would store the bits of the picture before any overlay is created. This is important so that the photograph and the textual material may be edited subsequent to the compilation of the JPEG file as well as rebuilding the photograph created before the overlay, if this is necessary. The RGBBits store the bits of the picture area being overlayed. These are the pixels of the picture which has been eliminated from the photograph when textual material is embedded therein. This is illustrated in
Referring to
The present invention utilizes a software developing kit which is loaded in both the device in which the JPEG file including the textual material is created or compiled as well as the device in which the complete JPEG file including the textual material would be sent. Initially, as illustrated in
If a JPEG file is loaded having the proper markers, all of the data markers are loaded into a memory as shown in step 104. This is true whether the JPEG file has all of the markers therein when it is loaded or whether the markers have recently been created. At this point, it is now possible to gain access to each of the data markers. It is now also possible to obtain all of the picture bits of the bit map located in the JPEG file so that the picture can be displayed on a screen as illustrated by step 106. At this point, any of the data attributes provided in the data marker can be edited as step 108. As will be subsequently explained, this edit step can only be accomplished if the potential editor has entered the proper password. After all of the data attributes have been reviewed and edited, if necessary, the JPEG file will now be saved as step 110.
The process of saving the photography tag file is accomplished by initially decomposing the image at step 116 in which the actual photograph is decomposed and then rebuilt, eliminating the photography tag inside of the JPEG file. This means that the end of the decomposition step 116 the photograph would be as if it returned to its original pre-captioned state. This is important since all of the textual data must be rebuilt within the photograph after it has been edited.
The method of decomposing would initially include the step of traversing through all of the data marker nodes. For each node, the RGBBits attribute is obtained. These bits are the original picture pixels of the area that the text is currently overlaying. If there is no overlay, this step would not be necessary. For each RGBBit it has to be re-overlayed on top of the rectangle position (a second attribute in Table IV). This step would effectively erase the pixels that have the text of the marker and would return the original rectangle pixels that were included before the text overlay. This step must be done for all of the text markers that have been created in the photography tag JPEG file.
At this point, as indicated by step 118, after all of the old data has been removed and the image returned to its original pre-photography tag state, the picture must be recomposed. This means that all of the text markers must be rebuilt into the picture. This is accomplished by traversing to all of the data marker nodes and, for each node, the proper rectangle position must be extracted in the picture where the text is to be overlayed. This is produced by extracting the original pixel bits from the photograph that was decomposed and saved in the RGBBit attribute in the text marker. The text string, font, color, etc. from all of the attributes are then written into the picture. Therefore, since the portion of the picture behind the textual material was saved, the original picture can always be reconstructed. This process must be accomplished for all of the text markers created in the photography tag JPEG file. Finally, the recomposed image is saved as step 120 by saving the picture pixels of the JPEG, saving the photography tag data markers, saving the photography tag header and then rewriting the EOI marker. At this point, the produced JPEG file including the textual material can be transmitted to various devices as shown in
As previously indicated, the present invention allows the transference and editing of a JPEG file including textual material. However, to insure that only authorized individuals can edit this material, the photography tag software includes a security mechanism allowing the creator of the JPEG file to protect the data inside the file from being modified without permission of the creator. This security system would also decide which photography tags will be viewed on the picture as well as how they will be viewed.
The security aspect of the present invention operates since the header marker as illustrated in Table II includes a password. Therefore, as shown in
Furthermore, as previously indicated, the software of the present invention can be composed in a manner allowing a first individual to edit all of the non-photographic material included in the JPEG file, but preventing a second individual from modifying some of this data, but allowing this second individual to change other sections of the data. This is accomplished by including more than one password as shown in Table II and illustrated in
The embodiment of the present invention in which a watermark is created to cover all, or a significant portion of a digital picture saved in a JPEG file will now be described. Although technically the entire digital picture or a relatively small part of the digital picture would be covered by using the watermark, or a number of watermarks, more typically 75% and up to 90% of the pixels of the digital picture would be covered by the watermark or watermarks. For purposes of explanation, it is noted that a digital picture is created and a watermark is applied to the digital picture and stored in a JPEG file, in a manner similar to the method in which a digital picture is created and textual material replaces a portion of the digital picture. This original portion of the digital picture which has been replaced is stored in the marker section of the JPEG file. Similar to that embodiment, the present invention would store the appropriate material that the watermark has replaced in the marker section 74 of the JPEG file 70 as illustrated in
Utilizing the software included in the hard drive 18, or any memory device in communication with the computer system 12, a JPEG file would be created into which an original digital picture would be included. In this regard, reference is made to
The software program is in the form of a watermark generator utilized by an operator of the system 12. The operator would create a watermark as well as its font type and size. The software program would produce a translucent font style and algorithmically regenerate the watermark as many times in horizontal lines across the digital picture to ensure that the entire image is covered by the watermark to prevent unauthorized use of any portion of the protected digital picture. Graphics, including the logo of the operator can then be added to the digital picture at the appropriate location. The copyright notice would also be added to the digital picture in a similar manner.
A JPEG file as shown in
It must be noted that the user would only need to choose the type of watermark which would be applied to the original digital picture, in this case the watermark “Active Watermarks”. The software would then calculate the number and placement of the watermarks to create the “altered” digital picture 194. The location of each and every one of these watermarks would be included in the meta data included in the JPEG markers at step 172. At this point, the digital picture 194 with the appropriate watermarks would then be created as shown in
A further feature of the present invention would give the owner or other individual associated with the original digital picture to include additional graphics, such as a company logo 192 to appear in both the original digital picture 180 as well as the “altered” digital picture 194. The add graphic button 188 in
Due to the fact that it is important to maintain control of the utilization of the original digital picture 180, authorization to change the contents of that picture including the removal of the watermark or watermarks must be strictly maintained. Therefore, at step 176 an encrypted password would be added to the JPEG marker, such as the header marker 80 in
The resulting JPEG file would contain an original photograph that is viewable to any user using any operating system that is capable of viewing JPEG files. It would also contain a watermarked text virtually superimposed upon a substantial portion of the original digital picture. The JPEG file would also contain graphic material, such as a logo and the copyright notice which would or would not be hidden from view.
The original pixels of the digital picture without the watermarks would be stored inside the JPEG file markers in a compressed and encrypted format. Therefore, any user that utilizes any standard editing software to modify the pixels in an unauthorized manner, will destroy the original digital picture such that this original digital picture can never be recovered. Therefore, the unauthorized user would be left with only the “altered” digital picture as shown in
Once one or more JPEG files as shown in
Access to the original digital picture 180 would be provided to the end user utilizing two alternatives. In the first alternative, the password is entered at step 214 by the original user when the end user contacts the creator of the original digital image, and that creator employs the embedded and encrypted password provided in the JPEG header to recreate the original digital picture without the watermark. This original digital picture would then be viewed by the end user as well as printed by the end user without the watermark appearing thereon. It is noted that the logo 192 as well as the copyright notice 182 would generally still be maintained in the original digital picture as printed by the end user. It is important to note that the resulting original digital picture will be stored only in the memory of the computer of the end user. The end user can then use the original digital photograph as is required as long as it abides by their licensing agreement with the operator or the copyright owner.
A second alternative to allow the end user to view and to print the original digital picture 180 without the inclusion of the watermark would be to transmit an active tag application to the end user, the application including a password therein to unlock the digital picture. Therefore, when the end user enters the password, it would allow the end user to remove the watermark using button 208 of
Returning to
The present invention prevents the unauthorized removal of the watermark on an original digital picture, since the original pixels of the original digital picture are now stored in the marker area of the JPEG file. If someone tries to erase the tags in the marker area, the unauthorized user would unwittingly destroy the original digital picture and the watermark would become a permanent part of that image with the original pixels eliminated. Furthermore, since the hidden text data is provided in the marker section of the JPEG, and an unauthorized user endeavors to eliminate the meta data, the original owner could detect that the hidden information has been removed and a violation could be asserted.
As previously described, each image marker is stored in the standard JPEG marker APP10 and recognized by a signature such as “PhoTags” 326. It is also noted that a standard JPEG marker can be at most 64K bytes.
Since the sound file in the example depicted in
Various icons 334, 336, 338, 340 and 342 are shown in
It is important to note that an enabler device must be provided in the receiving device to allow each of the icons to present the metadata associated therewith. This enabler 344 is software which can be downloaded from the internet or provided to the display device in various manners.
According to the teachings of the present invention, when any of the icons 334, 336, 338, 340 and 342 are engaged, a code would be sent to the enabler 344 to access and play or display the appropriate metadata. It is noted that the code which would be utilized to play or display the appropriate metadata would also be embedded within the JPEG image.
Each of the icons would have multiple display states based upon the condition of the icon or the condition of the receiver itself. For example, if the receiver does not have the appropriate enabler software code, the icon would be displayed in one manner, such as looking dull, or not displayed at all. Alternatively, if the display device does include the appropriate enabler 344, the icons would be illuminated or may appear to be a different color than the situation in which the display device does not contain the appropriate enabler software. Finally, once a particular icon is enabled, it could be illuminated in a different manner. It is also important to note that more than one icon can be engaged at any one time. For example, if the user is provided with graphic information, as well as sound information, both the icons 336 as well as 342 can be engaged simultaneously or sequentially. The present invention would also have the capability to display watermarks utilizing the watermarks icon 338.
Alternatively, with respect to watermarks, the present invention could use a system in which “clicking” onto the watermark's icon 338 would be insufficient to remove or to add the watermarks to the visual image 330. In this situation, a prompt would appear on the display screen asking for the user to enter a particular password. This password could be programed to automatically match a particular code or number. For example, if the display device is a cell phone, the password would be the telephone number stored in the “SIM” chip of the phone itself. Therefore, this would limit the use of the image to a single phone wherein which the matching SIM chip resides. If the image is sent to a different phone, the watermark would not be enabled or disabled. Consequently, if the user who has the correct phone would send it to a second display device, the watermark would automatically reappear or disappear, as the case may be.
As can be appreciated, the present invention has many markets and applications. It can be used as an amusement device in an individual's home, it can be used by retailers to send information to its customers. Furthermore, the teachings of the present invention can be used in auctions, stock imaging, image messaging, e-learning, inventory catalogs, as well as law enforcement or other myriad number of uses. For example, when used in the real estate field, real estate agents can embed descriptions of properties and update pricing and status of the property. With respect to commerce, retailers can stress various items for sale with detailed specifications and price offers. Law enforcement agencies can transmit “portable” media databases to various handheld devices in the field as well as radios installed vehicles.
All of the metadata and objects are stored in the standard JPEG file. All devices capable of accepting and viewing a JPEG file can receive the enabled image. Therefore, unlimited captions, text files or forms up to 64K bytes each can be utilized. Sound files and graphic objects can be provided in any file format. Devices that receive the embedded JPEG images but cannot utilize them can still forward then to other devices which can have the ability to view the embedded content. In addition, the entire package can be sent to a target device as a standard JPEG using standard protocols.
It will be appreciated that, although an embodiment of the present invention have been described in detail for purposes of illustration, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited except as by the appended claims.
The present application is a continuation-in-part application of Ser. No. 10/261,409, filed on Oct. 2, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,888,569, entitled Method and Apparatus for Creating A Digital Picture with Textual Material, as well as a continuation-in-part application of Ser. No. 11/028,212, entitled Method and Apparatus for Creating a Digital Picture With a Watermark as Well as Removing the Watermark From the Digital Picture.
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 11028212 | Jan 2005 | US |
Child | 11144704 | US | |
Parent | 10261409 | Oct 2002 | US |
Child | 11028212 | US |