Patent Application
20050068318
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method for calculating attributes of a 3-D pattern having a plurality of vertexes, and more particularly, to a method for calculating attributes of the vertexes of the 3-D graphic with a vertex shader.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In recent years, a software-formed vertex shader such as DirectX 8 produced by Microsoft, as well as a hardware-formed vertex shader embedded into a graphic chip such as GeForce 3 produced by NVIDIA and Radeon chip made by ATI, has become one of the most dominant programs to process a 3-D pattern. A vertex shader is used mainly on transform & lighting (T&L).
A 3-D pattern can be seemed to be made up of a plurality of triangles. When a game program transfers a 3-D pattern displayed on a computer monitor to a graphic chip (or to a software vertex shader) for T&L processing, what the game program actually transfers is vertex information, that is attributes, about the plurality of triangles of the 3-D pattern. According to vertex shader standard, each of the vertexes of the 3-D pattern has 16 attributes, three position attributes respectively representing x-, y-, and z-coordinates of a place that the vertex stays on in space, a weighing attribute (w), four color attributes respectively in formats of r (red), g (green), b (blue), and a (alpha) sequentially for indicating what colors the vertex shows in an environment of a spotlight or a scattering light, a normal vector attribute perpendicular to a triangle that the vertex stays on, four texture coordinate attributes s, t, r and q respectively representing what position the vertex stays on according to a certain texture, diffusion coordinate attributes, and a variety of attributes relating the size of the vertex, etc.
Each of the attributes of the vertex processed by the vertex shader has a format of a floating number of 4×32 bits. The vertex shader processes these floating numbers in a single instruction multiple data (SIMD) manner and accesses and processes a 4×4 (calculating x, y, z and w or r, g, b and a at the same time) or a 3×3 (calculating x, y and z or r, g and b at the same time) matrix-formed data with 12 embedded SIMD registers simultaneously. Therefore, data contained in a vertex of a triangle in a 3-D pattern displayed on a computer monitor is dramatically huge.
As described previously, since each of the vertexes of the 3-D pattern has 16 attributes and each of the attributes has a data capacity of 4×32 bits, information contained in any of the vertexes is very huge. The vertex shader needs only to take the coordinates of a viewing point corresponding to a triangular primitive into consideration in executing the transform calculation of the T&L of the triangular transform, for example changing the coordinates of the three vertexes of the triangular primitive by rotating, enlarging/reducing, or moving the triangular primitive toward a predetermined direction according to the coordinate of the viewing point. On the other hand, the vertex shader has to take care of not only the coordinates of the viewing point in executing the light of the T&L, but also the vertex shader has to consider a variety of factors such as how many light sources are shining on the triangular primitive and types of the light sources (for example singular light source, omni-directional light source and projection light source). Therefore, time for the vertex shader to execute the lighting of the T&L is far longer than that to execute the transform of the T&L. For example, an inner product calculation in the transform of the T&L takes two periods, while a calculation for seventeen singular light sources in the light of the T&L takes as long as 126 periods.
It is therefore a primary objective of the claimed invention to provide a method for calculating attributes of vertexes of a three-dimensional pattern with a vertex shader to overcome the drawback of the prior art.
According to the claimed invention, the method is capable of calculating attributes of vertexes of a three-dimensional pattern having a plurality of triangular primitives with a vertex shader, each of the triangular primitives having three vertexes, and each of the vertexes comprising a plurality of attributes. The method includes calculating a triangular transform and related position attributes corresponding to a triangular primitive with a transform program consisting of a couple of instructions among a plurality of instructions of the vertex shader, determining whether the triangular transform is visible according to the position attributes of the triangular transform, and calculating remaining attributes of the triangular transform if the triangular transform is visible or not calculating the remaining attributes of the triangular transform and culling the triangular transform if the triangular transform is invisible.
It is an advantage of the claimed invention that the method calculates the attributes of a visible triangular transform only and omits a plurality of light calculations of a triangular transform if the triangular transform is invisible.
These and other objectives of the claimed invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various figures and drawings.
Please refer to
The method for executing the vertex shader of the present invention calculates coordinate attributes of three vertexes of a triangular transform transformed from a triangular primitive of the original 3-D pattern 10 and calculates the remaining attributes of the triangular transform by determining whether the triangular transform is visible. In other words, if the triangular transform is invisible and cannot be seen from the viewpoint 30, the vertex shader ignores the triangular transform without calculating the remaining attributes any further. On the contrary, if the triangular transform has a normal vertex directing outward and is visible, the vertex shader continues calculating the remaining attributes of the three vertexes of the triangular transform, such as the texture coordinate attributes s, t, r and q, color attributes r, g, b and a, and diffusion coordinate attributes, etc.
Please refer to
In step 106 of the method 100, whether the triangular transform is visible can be determined by a discriminant
, wherein (x0,y0), (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) are coordinates of three vertexes of the triangular transform. Whether a positive or a negative discriminant corresponds to a visible triangular transform can be determined by an application program (AP) and by determining whether the normal vertex of the triangular transform is directed outward or inward. For example, after determining a triangular transform A′B′C′ is visible and a triangular transform A′D′C′ is invisible, the vertex shader of the present invention culls the triangular transform A′D′C′ from the transformed 3-D pattern 12 and continues calculating the remaining attributes of three vertexes of the triangular transform A′B′C′.
In contrast to the prior art, the present invention can provide a method for calculating attributes of a 3-D pattern with a vertex shader. The method calculates the three vertexes of the triangular transform according to the three vertexes of a triangular primitive first, determines whether the triangular transform is visible, and calculates the remaining attributes of the triangular transform if the triangular transform is visible or culls the triangular transform and omits the light calculation of T&L if the triangular transform is invisible and cannot be seen from the viewing point 30. As mentioned previously, since the light calculating of the T&L is far more complicated than the transform calculation of the T&L, the method of the prevent invention has a plurality of light calculation omitted and promotes the efficiency of a processor to execute a game program for example.
Following the detailed description of the present invention above, those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and alterations of the device may be made while retaining the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, the above disclosure should be construed as limited only by the metes and bounds of the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 092126535 | Sep 2003 | TW | national |
