Patent Application
20200033808
The invention relates to a method for coding and a method for transmitting at least one solar time, said solar time being a function of a geographical position and a day of the year. ‘Solar time’ means, for example, the time of sunrise, the time of sunset, or the time of zenith.
The length of the day varies throughout the year and depends on the latitude and longitude of a place. This variation is caused by the tilt of the axis of rotation of the earth on itself with respect to the ecliptic plane. It is known that the shortest length of day is the December Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and the June Solstice in the Southern Hemisphere. At the equinoxes, the length of day and night are equal everywhere on earth. The time of sunrise and sunset consequently vary as a function not only of the day of the year, but also of the precise geographical location of a place.
There are known electronic and/or connected watches capable of indicating the time of sunrise and sunset according to seasonal variations and the geographical position of the wearer of the watch. These watches generally incorporate a positioning system in order to calculate the time of sunrise and sunset using an algorithm which takes account of said positioning data. The positioning system is, for example, a GPS, a triangulation module using the position of base stations of a cellular network (2, 3, 4 or 5G) to which the watch is connected, or a positioning module of an IP router of an Internet network to which the watch is connected.
However, these watches have the drawback of comprising a processor whose computing power is adapted to the complexity of the algorithm used to determine the exact time according to the day of the year and the geographical position of the watch wearer. Moreover, incorporating a positioning system in a watch has a significant impact on the cost and battery life of the watch.
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
To this end, the invention concerns a method for coding at least one solar time according to claim 1.
The invention thus proposes a method for coding at least one solar time, for example of the sunrise or sunset type, able to be implemented by an electronic device of the smartphone type, wherein the method allows the solar time to be coded in a reduced number of bits. The coded data can then be transmitted to a watch with a low computing power processor, since said watch will not have to compute the solar time itself, but simply decode it. Such a watch will not, therefore, need to incorporate positioning means or a powerful processor.
The invention also relates to a transmission method according to claim 8.
Moreover, the methods may include the features of the dependent claims, taken individually or in any technically possible combinations.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the annexed drawings, given by way of non-limiting example, in which:
Elements that are identical in structure or function appearing in the various Figures maintain the same references, unless otherwise specified.
The method P1 for coding a solar time, called initial solar time Hs1, is described with reference to
Initial solar time Hs1 is associated with a geographical location Loc and a day of the year J1, which is, for example, the current year. In a non-limiting example, geographical location Loc corresponds to the city of Ottawa and day J1 is the 1st of January (referenced 1 in
As illustrated in
In step E11 referenced SEL(Href, Nb1), a reference time Href and an initial number of bits Nb1 are selected as a function of the type of initial solar time Hs1.
In a non-limiting embodiment, if solar time Hs1 is of the zenith type, the reference time is midday and the initial number of bits Nb1 is 8. In a non-limiting embodiment, if initial solar time Hs1 is of the sunrise type, the reference time is midnight and the initial number of bits Nb1 is 10. In a non-limiting embodiment, if initial solar time Hs1 is of the sunset type, the reference time is midnight and the initial number of bits Nb1 is 10.
In step E12 referenced CALC(Nm1), a number of minutes Nm1 separating said initial solar time Hs1 and reference time Href is computed. The number of minutes Nm1 is equal to the difference between initial solar time Hs1 and reference time Href.
It will be noted that initial time Hs1 is, for example, predetermined by means of a NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) algorithm, known to those skilled in the art, or obtained from the Internet by the electronic device.
The table of
As seen in the table, if initial solar time Hs1 is of the zenith type, it is 12:06 on 1st January in Ottawa. Initial solar time Hs1 is thus separated by 6 minutes from the reference time, which is midday here. Alternatively, if initial solar time Hs1 is of the sunrise type, it is 07:43 on 1st January in Ottawa. Initial solar time Hs1 is thus separated by 463 minutes from the reference time, which is midnight here.
In step E13 referenced COD(Hs1), the number of minutes Nm1 is coded in the initial number of bits Nb1. Returning to the previous example of Ottawa on the first of January, if initial solar time Hs1 is of the zenith type, the value 6 is coded in Nm1 bits, here 6 bits. Alternatively, if initial solar time Hs1 is of the sunrise type, the value 463 is coded in Nm1 bits, 10 bits here.
It is noted that negative values must also be able to be coded (for example, assuming that the initial solar time is of the zenith type, the reference time is midday, and the zenith time on the day of the year concerned is 11:59: the value −1 must therefore be coded). A negative value can be coded as follows:
Thus, to code (−1) in 8 bits:
In a non-limiting embodiment, coding method P1 also includes a step E14 of coding a first additional solar time Hs2 of the same type as initial solar time Hs1, associated with the same location Loc but with a different day J2 of the year.
In a non-limiting embodiment, day J2 corresponds to the same date as day J1, but in the following month. Thus, if day J1 is 1st January of a year, day J2 is 1st February of the same year. Instead of corresponding to the first day of the month, days J1 and J2 could correspond to the 21st day of the month.
Coding step E14 includes a sub-step E141 referenced SEL(Nb2), in which a number of additional bits Nb2 is selected as a function of the type of initial solar time Hs1.
In a non-limiting embodiment, if initial solar time Hs1 is of the sunrise type, the selected number of additional bits Nb2 is equal to 8 bits. Alternatively, if initial solar time Hs1 is of the zenith type, the selected number of additional bits Nb2 is equal to 5 bits. Alternatively, if initial solar time Hs1 is of the sunset type, the selected number of additional bits Nb2 is equal to 8 bits.
Coding step E14 includes a sub-step E142 referenced CALC(Nm2), in which a number of minutes Nm2 separating the first additional solar time Hs2 and initial solar time Hs1 is computed.
In the non-limiting example relating to Ottawa, where initial solar time Hs1 is of the zenith type and is 12:06 on 1st January, the first additional time Hs2 on 1st February is 12:16. The number of minutes Nm2 separating initial solar time Hs1 from first additional time Hs2 is then 10. In the non-limiting example relating to Ottawa, where initial solar time Hs1 is of the sunrise type and is 07:43 on 1st January, the first additional time Hs2 on 1st February is 07.23. The number of minutes Nm2 separating initial solar time Hs1 from first additional time Hs2 is then 20.
Coding step E14 includes a sub-step E143 referenced COD(Hs2) in which said number of minutes Nm2 is coded in the number of additional bits Nb2. Returning to the preceding examples, the value 10 is coded in 5 bits, or the value 20 is coded in 8 bits.
In a non-limiting embodiment, coding method P1 further includes a step E15 referenced COD(Hs3, Hs4, . . . ) of coding a plurality of other additional solar times Hs3, Hs4, . . . The other additional solar times Hs3, Hs4, . . . are such that the plurality of days J1, J2, J3, J4, . . . associated with initial solar times Hs1 and additional solar times Hs2, Hs, Hs4, correspond to the same day of the month but to different months M1, M2, M3, M4 of the year. Thus, returning to the preceding example, day J3 is 1st March, day J4 is 1st April, etc. Alternatively, instead of corresponding to the first day of the month, days J1, J2, J3, J4, . . . could correspond to the 21st day of the month.
For each other additional solar time Hs3, Hs4, . . . the number of minutes Nm3, Nm4, . . . separating the other additional solar time Hs3, Hs4, . . . from the preceding additional solar time Hs2, Hs3, . . . , i.e. the additional solar time corresponding to the preceding month, is computed and then coded in the number of additional bits Nb2. In the example of Ottawa, where the first additional solar time Hs2 is of the sunset type and is 17:10 on 1st February, and where the third additional solar time Hs3 on 1st March is 17:50: the number of minutes Nm3 separating the third additional solar time Hs3 from the preceding additional solar time (second solar time Hs2) is equal to 40. The value 40 is then coded in 8 bits.
In a first non-limiting variant, step E15 is performed for a series of five additional solar times Hs2 to Hs6 in order to cover the first 6 months of the year. In this case, the numbers of minutes Nm1 to Nm6 relating to only six solar times will be transmitted to a timepiece, and the timepiece will be able to compute solar times Hs7 to Hs12 for the last six months of the year by symmetry from the beginning of the year with respect to the end of the year. The solar times computed for months Hs7 to Hs12 will be imprecise, but the precision achieved may be deemed adequate. Alternatively, the solar times for the last 6 months of the year could be coded and transmitted to the timepiece, and the timepiece could deduce therefrom by symmetry the solar times for the first 6 months of the year. Alternatively, the solar times for the first 7, or respectively the last 7 of the year could be coded and transmitted to the timepiece, and the timepiece could deduce therefrom by symmetry the solar times for the last 5, or respectively the first 5 months of the year. Naturally, it is noted that the difference between summer time and winter time must be taken into account in the symmetric computation.
In a second non-limiting variant, step E15 is performed for a series of eleven additional solar times Hs2 to Hs1com2 in order to cover all the months of the year. In this case, all the solar times will be precisely known by the timepiece, but the data to be transmitted will be more voluminous.
Further, in a non-limiting embodiment, in addition to the coding of initial solar time Hs1 and of a series of additional solar times Hs2, Hs3, Hs4, . . . , coding method P1 further includes in step E16 referenced COD(Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . ) the coding of a second initial time called initial solar time Ts2, and of a second series of additional times, called second additional solar times Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . Second solar times Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . and solar times Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, Hs4, . . . are of a different type but correspond in twos to the same days J1, J2, J3, J4, . . . of the year.
In a first non-limiting variant, second solar times Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . are of the sunrise type and solar times Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, Hs4, . . . are of the sunset type.
In a second non-limiting variant, second solar times Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . are of the sunrise type and solar times Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, Hs4, . . . are of the zenith type. As will be seen below, this makes it possible to compute by symmetry a series of solar times Gs1, Gs2, Gs3, Gs4, . . . of the sunset type.
In a third non-limiting variant, second solar times Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, are of the sunset type and solar times Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, . . . are of the zenith type. As will be seen below, this makes it possible to compute by symmetry a series of solar times Gs1, Gs2, Gs3, Gs4, . . . of the sunrise type.
Second solar times Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . are computed in a similar manner to solar times Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, Hs4,
The method P2 for transmitting a plurality of solar times is described with reference to
In a non-limiting embodiment, the timepiece is a non-connected electronic watch with an analogue display.
As illustrated in
In step E21 referenced COD(Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, Hs4,), the electronic device implements coding method P1, in order to code an initial solar time Hs1 and a plurality of additional solar times Hs2, Hs3, Hs4,
In step E22 referenced TX(Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, Hs4; Href . . . ), the coded solar times Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, Hs4, . . . are transmitted from the electronic device to the timepiece. The reference time Href used to code the solar times is also transmitted. In a non-limiting embodiment, the transmission is made via an optical communication link, Bluetooth Low Energy or NFC (near-field communication).
In step E23 referenced DEC(Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, Hs4,), the timepiece decodes the coded solar times Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, Hs4, . . . Due to the low number Nb1, Nb2 of bits used for coding, the timepiece only has a low-power processor.
In the preceding example where initial solar time Hs1 is of the zenith type and is 12:06 on 1st January in Ottawa, the timepiece receives the value 6 coded in Nm1=6 bits. The timepiece extracts this value and adds it to the reference time Href received (midday here). The timepiece thus determines that initial solar time Hs1 is 12:06.
Likewise, the timepiece extracts the values coded in Nm2 bits corresponding to additional solar times Hs2, Hs3, Hs4, . . . and adds them respectively to:
In the example where initial solar time Hs1 is of the zenith type and is 12:06 on 1st January in Ottawa, the timepiece receives and extracts the value 10 coded in 5 bits and adds it to the value 12:06 to determine the first additional solar time Hs2: 12:16.
In the example where the first additional solar time Hs2 is of the sunset type and is 17:10 on 1st February in Ottawa, the timepiece receives and extracts the value 40 coded in 8 bits and adds it to the value 17:10 to determine the third additional time Hs3: 17:50.
Then, after having thus computed solar times Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, Hs4, for days J1, J2, J3, J4, . . . of the year, the timepiece computes the intermediate solar times for all the other days, by linear interpolation.
Thus, in the graph of
After having thus decoded all the received solar times and computed by linear interpolation the solar times of the intermediate days, the timepiece knows the solar times for each of the days of the year.
In a non-limiting preferred embodiment illustrated in
In step E24 referenced COD(Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . ), the electronic device implements coding method P1, in order to code a second initial solar time called second initial solar time Ts1, and a second series of additional solar times, called second additional solar times Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . , second solar times Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . and solar times Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, Hs4, being of a different type as explained above.
In step E25 referenced TX(Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . ; Href′), the coded second solar times Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . are transmitted from the electronic device to the timepiece. The reference time Href′ used to code the second solar times is also transmitted. Step E25 is performed in a similar manner to step E22.
In step E26 referenced DEC(Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . ), the timepiece decodes coded second solar times Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . Step E26 is performed in a similar manner to step E23.
Then, having thus computed second solar times Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . for days J1, J2, J3, J4, . . . of the year, the timepiece computes the intermediate second solar times for all the other days, by linear interpolation, as explained above.
Then, in the case where solar times Hs1, Hs2, Hs3, Hs4, . . . are of the zenith type, in step E27, the timepiece computes by symmetry relative to the solar times a series of other solar times Gs1, Gs2, Gs3, Gs4, If second solar times Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . are of the sunrise type, the series of solar times Gs1, Gs2, Gs3, Gs4, . . . is of the sunset type. Conversely, if second solar times Ts1, Ts2, Ts3, Ts4, . . . are of the sunset type, the series of solar times Gs1, Gs2, Gs3, Gs4, . . . is of the sunrise type.
Computation by symmetry of solar times Gs1, Gs2, Gs3, Gs4, includes:
On day J4, Ts4 is substantially equal to 6 o'clock, and Hs4 is substantially equal to 12:01: the difference in minutes between these two times is thus equal to 361 minutes. Gs4 is thus determined by the following computation: 12:01+361 minutes, i.e. 1082 minutes, i.e. 18:03.
Then, after having thus computed solar times Gs1, Gs2, Gs3, Gs4, . . . for days J1, J2, J3, J4, . . . of the year, the timepiece computes the intermediate solar times for all the other days, by linear interpolation.
By means of the transmission method according to the invention, the watch can receive information that allows it to very simply compute the solar times for all the days of a year, and it does not, therefore, need to be connected to the internet or to have a powerful processor.
Of course, this invention is not limited to the illustrated example but is capable of different variants and modifications that will appear to those skilled in the art.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18185320.1 | Jul 2018 | EP | regional |
