Patent Application
20240278066
This application claims priority to Italian Patent Application No. 102023000002868 filed on Feb. 20, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
The present invention relates to the fitness field, and in particular, to a method for determining information representative of a user's interaction with a surface of physical exercise of a treadmill and treadmill thereof.
The determination of force values, in particular of constraint reaction force values, generated by a user on a surface of physical exercise (e.g., a belt of a treadmill), both during movement (running/walking) and in the absence of movement (simply standing), has always been a very important aspect of biomechanics studies.
In this respect, it is known to equip a treadmill with four mutually independent force transducers arranged in an array under the belt to define a so-called force plate.
Each force transducer can measure the vertical force applied on a detection area corresponding to the zone of the belt under which the force transducers are located.
The individual vertical force measurements made by the force transducers can be combined with each other to obtain, from the force plate, information caused by the user's interaction with the treadmill belt, such as the resulting force applied by the user and/or the position of the user's center of pressure, from which other information can be determined, such as the user's stride pace, the user's gait, the distribution of loads, and other biomechanical information.
In order to have more and more accurate information, it would be very useful to equip the treadmill with a high number of force transducers so as to have a high number of vertical force values to be combined with one another.
However, this would require a complex intervention on the treadmill, from both the mechanical and the electrical point of view, to install the necessary vertical force transducers and electrically connect them to the treadmill belt, and this would be a disadvantage in terms of the space occupied inside the treadmill but also in terms of installation time and obviously of cost.
In light of this, the need is strongly felt to determine information representative of a user's interaction with a surface of physical exercise of a treadmill with the right trade-off between the accuracy and reliability of the determinations to be performed and the complexity of the treadmill, thus ensuring reduced intervention times and low costs for the treadmill configuration.
It is the object of the present invention to devise and provide a method for determining information representative of a user's interaction with a surface of physical exercise of a treadmill which allows at least partially obviating the drawbacks complained above with reference to the prior art, and in particular which allows achieving the right trade-off between the accuracy and reliability of the determinations to be performed and the complexity of the treadmill, thus ensuring reduced intervention times and low costs for the treadmill configuration.
Such an object is achieved by a method as described and claimed herein.
Preferred embodiments of said method are also described.
It is another object of the present invention a related treadmill adapted to implement such a method.
Further features and advantages of the method and treadmill according to the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments, given by way of non-limiting indication, with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:
It should be noted that, in the aforesaid figures, equivalent or similar elements are indicated by the same numeric and/or alphanumeric reference.
With reference to the figures, reference numeral 100 indicates as a whole a treadmill adapted to implement a method for determining information representative of a user's interaction with a surface of physical exercise of a treadmill according to the present invention.
The treadmill 100 comprises a base 1 extending along a respective direction of longitudinal development D, indicated with a dashed line in the figures.
With particular reference to
It should be noted that the first rotating element 2 is arranged at a first end of the base 1, while the second rotating element 3 is arranged at a second end of the base 1, which is located, along the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1, in the position opposite to the position in which the first end is located.
The base 1 further comprises a surface of physical exercise 10 operatively connected to the first rotating element 2 and to the second rotating element 3.
The rotation of the first rotating element 2 and the second rotating element 3 rotates the surface of physical exercise 10 along the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
The surface of physical exercise 10 has a respective portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 facing a user U (diagrammatically shown in
For the purposes of the present description, “surface of physical exercise” means the rotatable surface of the treadmill 100 on which a user U, by placing his or her feet or lower limbs in general, can carry out a physical exercise, such as running, walking, pushing exercises, pulling exercises or any other type of physical exercise that the treadmill 100 allows.
Moreover, it should be noted that “rotating element” means any mechanical element adapted to rotate about a respective rotation axis so as to impart a rotation to the “surface of physical exercise” operatively associated with one or more of these revolving elements.
The type of rotating elements, some examples of which will be described below, depends on the type of surface of physical exercise to be rotated.
When the surface of physical exercise 10 is moving, the forward movement direction of the surface of physical exercise 10, indicated by reference sign S1 in
According to an embodiment, shown in
Therefore, in this embodiment, the treadmill 100 is a flat treadmill.
With general reference to
The supporting structure S-P comprises a first supporting element E-1 and a second supporting element E-2 extending along the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
The first supporting element E-1 and the second supporting element E-2 are arranged at a first side of the base 1 of the treadmill 100 and at a second side of the base 1 of the treadmill 100, respectively, parallel to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
The supporting structure S-P comprises a plurality of connecting elements E-R between the first supporting element E-1 and the second supporting element E-2.
The plurality of connecting elements E-R, e.g., quadrangular section bars, is arranged transversely to the first supporting element E-1 and the second supporting element E-2, then transversely to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
The two ends of each connecting element of said plurality of connecting elements E-R are fixed, for example by welding, to the first supporting element E-1 and the second supporting element E-2, respectively.
Turning back in general to the treadmill 100 according to the present invention, with particular reference to
For the purposes of the present description, “data representative of a local force vector” means the orientation of the local force vector along the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 and/or the magnitude which represents the intensity or amplitude of the local force vector.
As shown in
As further described hereafter, the first pair C-1 of load cells and the second pair C-2 of load cells are adapted to define a first force plate P1.
The second pair C-2 of load cells and the third pair C-3 of load cells are adapted to define a second force plate P2.
According to the present invention, the first force plate P1 and the second force plate P2 thus share a pair of cells (in particular, the second pair C-2 of load cells).
It is thus possible to achieve the functionalities of two separate force plates with a lower number of load cells and a simpler system configuration.
For the purposes of the present invention, “load cell” means any force sensor or transducer adapted to detect data (orientation and magnitude) representative of a local force vector applied on the portion of surface of physical exercise under which the force sensor or transducer is present.
It is understood that any sensor or transducer capable of detecting a force value applied thereto and configured to generate an electrical voltage or current proportional to the force value detected can be employed in the present invention.
An example of a load cell to be used in the present invention is a strain gage or resistor, i.e., a load cell which can vary an electrical output resistance as a result of mechanical deformation, from which it is possible to define and quantify the value of the input force which generated the mechanical deformation undergone by the load cell.
A further example of a load cell to be used in the present invention is a piezoelectric transducer, i.e., a load cell adapted to detect the force value applied thereto through the phenomenon of piezoelectricity, i.e., the mechanical-electrical ability of some crystals to generate electrical voltage proportional to the force value associated with the deformation applied to the load cell.
From a functional point of view, examples of load cells are of the compression, tension, bending, button, shear type, and so on.
Turning back to the present invention, each load cell is configured to detect data representative of a local force vector along a direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 at such a load cell and due to the interaction of the user U with the surface of physical exercise 10.
The local force vector detectable by a load cell is a local constraint reaction.
For the purpose of the present description, “local constraint reaction” means a local force applied at the load cell by a constraint represented by the surface of physical exercise 10.
A load cell can work “under tension” or “under compression” according to the actual position that user U has on the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 during the interaction with surface of physical exercise 10 with respect to the load cell.
If the load cell works “under tension”, the local force vector that the load cell can detect has a first orientation along the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10.
If the load cell works “under compression”, the local force vector that the load cell can detect has a second orientation along the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10, opposite to the first orientation.
For the purposes of the present description, “first orientation” means a downward orientation from the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise.
According to this definition, the “first orientation” is a “negative” orientation, the corresponding local force vector (local constraint reaction) is defined as a negative local force vector (negative local constraint reaction), and the electrical signal generated by the load cell is negative.
For the purposes of the present description, “second orientation” means an upward orientation from the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise.
According to this definition, the “second orientation” is a “positive” orientation, the corresponding local force vector (local constraint reaction) is defined as a positive local force vector (positive local constraint reaction), and the electrical signal generated by the load cell is positive.
Therefore, the local constraint reaction has the same sign as the electrical signal generated by the load cell.
In greater detail, the electrical signal generated by the load cell has a positive sign if the load cell is subjected to “compression” and has a negative sign if the load cell is subjected to “tension”.
In greater detail, the local constraint reaction is correlated to the electrical signal (e.g., electrical voltage) generated by the load cell unless the sensor has its own conversion coefficients dependent on the construction features of the load cell and known a priori.
Negative local force vectors (negative local constraint reactions), according to the aforesaid definition, are shown for example in
Positive local force vectors (positive local constraint reactions), according to the aforesaid definition, are shown for example in
According to the present invention, from a functional point of view, for each sampling time instant ti, with 1<i<N, of a plurality of subsequent sampling time instants t1, t2, . . . , tN, with positive integer N, each load cell of said plurality P-C of load cells is configured to detect data representative of a respective local force vector F-11, F-12, F-21, F-22, F-31, F-32 along a direction orthogonal to a portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 at such a load cell and due to interaction of the user U with the surface of physical exercise 10.
Such “data representative of a local force vector” were defined above.
Referring again to
The data processing unit 30 is operatively connected to the plurality P-C of load cells.
The treadmill 100 further comprises a memory unit 31, operatively connected to the data processing unit 30.
The memory unit 31 can be either inside or outside (as shown in
It should be noted that the memory unit 31 is configured to store one or more program codes which can be executed by the data processing unit 30 to control in general the treadmill 100, and in particular, to perform the steps of a method for determining information representative of a user's interaction with a surface of physical exercise of a treadmill, according to the present invention.
In general, the treadmill 100, by virtue of the functions of the plurality P-C of load cells and the data processing unit 30, is configured to perform the method for determining information representative of a user's interaction with a surface of physical exercise of a treadmill according to the present invention, described below with reference to
In this respect, from a functional point of view, the operations which can be executed by the data processing unit 30 will be described below according to different embodiments.
From a structural point of view, according to an embodiment, shown in particular in
In greater detail, again with reference to the embodiment shown in
The first load cell C-11, C-21 or C-31 and the respective second load cell C-12, C-22, or C-32 respectively of each pair of load cells are substantially aligned with one another C-11 with C12; C-21 with C-22; C-31 with C-32 transversely to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
According to a further embodiment, in combination with any of those just described and shown in
In this embodiment, the treadmill 100 further comprises a support plank (not shown in the figure), arranged between the first rotating element 2 and the second rotating element 3 along the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100, adapted to support the belt while sliding.
The plurality P-C of load cells is arranged under the support plank.
In this embodiment, the first rotating element 2 and the second rotating element 3 each comprise a respective roll, each rotationally coupled to the base 1 of the treadmill 100 at the first and second ends of the base 1, to which the belt is connected.
According to a further embodiment, shown in
In this embodiment, the treadmill 100 further comprises a first supporting component G-1 of the surface of physical exercise 10 and a second supporting component G-2 of the surface of physical exercise 10 arranged on the first side of the surface of physical exercise 10 and the second side of the surface of physical exercise 10, respectively, parallel to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
In this embodiment, the surface of physical exercise 10 is mechanically connected to the first supporting component G-1 and the second supporting component G-2 to slide along the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
The plurality P-C of load cells is arranged under the first supporting component G-1 of the surface of physical exercise 10 and the second supporting component G-2 of the surface of physical exercise 10.
In greater detail, as shown in
The first supporting component G-1 of the surface of physical exercise 10 and the second supporting component G-2 of the surface of physical exercise 10 are fixed to the base 1 of the treadmill 100 so that each load cell of the plurality of load cells P-C is interposed between the connecting element to which the load cell is fixed and the first supporting component G-1 of the surface of physical exercise 10 or the second supporting component G-2 of the surface of physical exercise 10, depending on whether the end of the connecting element is that fixed to the first supporting element E-1 or that fixed to the second supporting element E-2, respectively.
Each load cell of said plurality P-C of load cells is thus located on the load transmission path from the surface of physical exercise 10 to the base 1 of the treadmill 100 and is thus capable of detecting the local force vector associated with such a load.
According to the example in
The first load cell C-11 and the second load cell C-12 of the first pair C-1 of load cells are fixed to the end of the first connecting element E-RI at the first side of the surface of physical exercise 10 and to the end of the first connecting element E-R1 at the second side of the surface of physical exercise 10, respectively.
The first load cell C-21 and the second load cell C-22 of the second pair C-2 of load cells are fixed to the end of the second connecting element E-R2 at the first side of the surface of physical exercise 10 and to the end of the second connecting element E-R2 at the second side of the surface of physical exercise 10, respectively.
The first load cell C-31 and the second load cell C-32 of the third pair C-3 of load cells are fixed to the end of the third connecting element E-R3 at the first side of the surface of physical exercise 10 and to the end of the first connecting element E-R3 at the third side of the surface of physical exercise 10, respectively.
According to an embodiment, in combination with the preceding one and shown in
Each revolving element of said first plurality R-1 of revolving elements and of said second plurality R-2 of revolving elements is coupled to the respective supporting component (first G-1 or second G-2) so as to be freely rotatable about a respective axis of rotation.
In an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the surface of physical exercise 10 comprises a plurality of slats, it should be noted that both the first rotating element 2 and the second rotating element 3 comprise respective two pulleys arranged close to the side portions of the base 1 of the treadmill 100, transverse to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100, adapted to support the plurality of slats at the side edges of each slat.
In other words, in this further embodiment, the surface of physical exercise 10 has a roller shutter configuration.
On the other hand, as for the operations which can be executed by the data processing unit 30 of the treadmill 100, according to the present invention, for each sampling time instant ti, with 1<i<N, of the plurality of subsequent sampling time instants t1, t2, . . . , tN, with positive integer N, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine information representative of a resulting force vector F-R based on the data representative of local force vectors detected by the plurality P-C of load cells.
In particular, as described below with reference to different embodiments, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine the information representative of a resulting force vector F-R based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by one or both load cells of one or more of said first pair C1 of load cells, second pair C-2 of load cells, and third pair C-3 of load cells of the plurality P-C of load cells.
For the purposes of the present description, the “resulting force vector” is a physical quantity having an application point (origin of the vector) lying on the plane defined by the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 the position of which is represented by a coordinate x and a coordinate y of a reference coordinate system S-R belonging to the portion PZ of the exercise surface 10.
The coordinate x lies on an axis x of the reference coordinate system S-R parallel to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100, and the coordinate y lies on an axis y of the reference coordinate system transverse to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
The coordinate x represents the position of the point of application of the resulting force vector F-R on the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 along the direction of longitudinal development D of the base of the treadmill 100.
The coordinate y represents the position of the point of application of the resulting force vector F-R on the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 transverse to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
The point of application of the resulting force vector F-R is representative of the position of the center of pressure generated by the user U in contact with the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10.
The reference coordinate system S-R has the respective origin on the portion PZ of the exercise surface 10.
In this respect, for simplicity and as shown in
Again, for the purposes of the present invention, the physical quantity “resulting force vector” has:
With particular reference to the center of pressure associated with the user U in contact with the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10, in greater detail, it should be noted that it is defined as the projection orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 of the center of mass of the body in contact with the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 itself.
The center of mass represents the spatial location of the point which concentrates all the mass of the body in contact with the portion PZ of the exercise surface 10.
With particular reference to the magnitude of the resulting force vector F-R, in greater detail, it should be noted that it represents the vertical component of the so-called ground reaction force (GRF), which in physics, and in particular in biomechanics, is the force applied by the ground on a body in contact therewith (in the present case, it is thus the force applied by the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 on the user U).
According to an embodiment, in combination with the preceding one, said information representative of the resulting force vector F-R comprises at least one coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R in a reference coordinate system S-R in which the coordinate x lies on an axis x of the reference coordinate system S-R parallel to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100 and in which the coordinate x lies on the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10.
In this embodiment, in determining the information representative of the resulting force vector F-R based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the plurality P-C of load cells, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine the first coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R.
As mentioned above, the coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R represents the position of the point of application of the resulting force vector F-R on the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 along the direction of longitudinal development D of the base of the treadmill 100.
According to an embodiment, in combination with the preceding one in which the determination of the coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R is provided, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine the coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R based on the data representative of local force vectors detected by the first force plate P1 identifiable by processing only respective electrical signals which can be generated by the first pair C-1 of load cells and the second pair C-2 of load cells (thus not processing any of the respective electrical signals which can be generated by the third pair C-3 of load cells) or based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the second force plate P2 identifiable by processing only respective electrical signals which can be generated by the second pair C-2 of load cells and the third pair C-3 of load cells (thus not processing any of the respective electrical signals which can be generated by the first pair C-1 of load cells).
The first force plate P1 and the second force plate P2 are diagrammatically shown in
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the determination of the coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R is provided, the data processing unit 30 is configured to select the first force plate P1 identifiable by processing only respective electrical signals which can be generated by the first pair C-1 of load cells and the second pair C-2 of load cells (thus not processing any of the respective electrical signals which can be generated by the third pair C-3 of load cells) or a second force plate P2 identifiable by processing respective electrical signals which can be generated by the second pair C-2 of load cells and the third pair C-3 of load cells in order to determine the coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R, based on a first orientation or a second orientation, opposite to the first orientation, of the local force vectors detected by the first pair C-1 of load cells and/or the third pair C-3 of load cells along the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10.
The first orientation and second orientation were defined above.
According to an embodiment, in combination with the preceding one, when the selection can be made based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the first pair C-1 of load cells alone:
As defined above, the load cell works “under compression”, the local force vector is a positive constraint reaction, and the generated electrical signal (electrical voltage) is positive.
According to a further embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones, in which it is possible to select either the first force plate P1 or the second force plate P2, when the selection can be made based on the data representative of local force vectors detected by the third pair C-3 of load cells alone:
According to a further embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which it is possible to select either the first force plate P1 or the second force plate P2, when the selection can be made based on the data representative of the local force vectors measured by the first C-1 pair of load cells and the third pair C-3 of load cells:
It should be noted that the situation described with reference to the latter embodiment relates to an extreme case in which, when the user U is walking on the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10, one foot is on the first plate P1 and the other foot is on the second plate P2.
In this case, the data processing unit 30 is configured not to select any of the first force plate P1 and the second force plate P2, considering the transient situation (hyperstatic system).
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the determination of the coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R is provided, as an alternative to those in which the first force plate P1 and the second force plate P2 are selectable based on the first orientation or the second orientation of the local force vectors detected by the first pair C-1 of load cells and/or the third pair C-3 of load cells along the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10, the data processing unit 30 is configured to:
If the sum of the magnitudes of the local force vectors detected by the first C-1 pair of load cells is greater than the sum of the magnitudes of the local force vectors detected by the third pair C-3 of load cells, the data processing unit 30 is configured to select a first force plate P1.
If the sum of the magnitudes of the local force vectors detected by the first C-1 pair of load cells is lower than the sum of the magnitudes of the local force vectors detected by the third pair C-3 of load cells, the data processing unit 30 is configured to select the second force plate P2.
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones, such information representative of the resulting force vector F-R comprises at least one coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R in a reference coordinate system S-R in which the coordinate y lies on an axis y of the reference coordinate system S-R transverse to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100 and in which the coordinate y lies on the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10.
In this embodiment, in determining the information representative of the resulting force vector F-R based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the plurality P-C of load cells, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R.
As mentioned above, the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R represents the position of the point of application of the resulting force vector F-R on the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 transversally to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
According to an embodiment, in combination with the preceding one in which the determination of the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R is provided, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the first C-1 pair of load cells, the second pair C-2 of load cells, and the third pair C-3 of load cells.
For example, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R based on the proportion between a first sum of the magnitudes of the local force vectors detected by each first load cell C-11, C-21, and C-31 of the first pair C-1 of load cells, the second pair C-2 of load cells and the third pair C-3 of load cells, respectively, and a second sum of the magnitudes of the local force vectors detected by each second load cell C-12, C-22 and C-32 of the first pair C-1 of load cells, the second pair C-2 of load cells and the third pair C-3 of load cells, respectively.
Depending on the proportion between the first sum and the second sum, the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R, transverse to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100, will be shifted more toward the first side of the surface of physical exercise 10 (first sum greater than the second sum) or the second side of the surface of physical exercise 10 (first sum lower than the second sum).
In the particular case in which the first sum is substantially equal to the second sum, the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R, transverse to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100, will be substantially equidistant from the first side of the surface of physical exercise 10 and the second side of the surface of physical exercise 10.
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones, such information representative of the resulting force vector F-R comprises a magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R along the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10.
The direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 is parallel to an axis z of the reference coordinate system S-R orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10.
In this embodiment, in determining the information representative of the resulting force vector F-R based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the plurality P-C of load cells, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine the magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R due to the interaction of a user U with a surface of physical exercise 10 of a treadmill 100 along a direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 (defined above).
The magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R along the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 is representative of the intensity or amplitude of the force applied, in the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10, by the surface of physical exercise 10 on the user U.
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of those described above, for each sampling time instant ti, with 1<i<N, of the plurality of subsequent sampling time instants t1, t2, . . . , tN, with positive integer N, the data processing unit 30 is configured to receive information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10.
In greater detail, the data processing unit 30 is configured to receive the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 from a speed sensor (not shown in the figures) with which the treadmill 100 is provided.
Such a speed sensor, for example operatively connected to an actuation unit (e.g., an electric motor, not shown in the figures) of the surface of physical exercise 10, for each sampling time instant ti, with 1<i<N, of the plurality of subsequent sampling time instants t1, t2, . . . , tN, with positive integer N, is configured to detect the speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 and send such information to the data processing unit 30.
In an embodiment, in combination with the preceding one in which the data processing unit 30 is configured to receive the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10, in the presence of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 (speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 greater than zero), the data processing unit 30 of the treadmill 100 is configured to determine information representative of the user's U postural and locomotor stance.
In greater detail, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine the information representative of the user's postural and locomotor stance based on one or more of coordinate x, coordinate y, magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R, direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 and direction of the resulting force vector F-R.
In an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the data processing unit 30 is configured to receive the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10, in the presence of a forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 (speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 greater than zero), the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine information on the locomotion strategy (gait analysis) of the user U.
In greater detail, the information on the locomotion strategy of the user U (gait analysis) comprises:
In an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the data processing unit 30 is configured to receive the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10, the data processing unit 30, in the presence of a forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 (speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise is greater than zero), is configured to compensate for the coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R determined at the sampling time instant ti as a function of the forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 due to the detected speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 and a time difference Δt between two subsequent sampling time instants.
In an embodiment, in combination with the preceding one, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine the coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R compensated for at the sampling time instant ti as a function of the coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R determined at the sampling time instant ti, the detected speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 and the time difference Δt between two subsequent sampling time instants.
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the data processing unit 30 is configured to receive the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10, the data processing unit 30, in the presence of a forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 (speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise is greater than zero), is configured to determine, when the user U is walking on the surface of physical exercise 10, mutually in combination or alternatively, one or more pieces of information representative of the walk of the user U by analyzing the trend, in a plurality of sampling time instants, of one or more of the coordinate x, the coordinate y and the magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R determined in the plurality of sampling time instants.
The one or more pieces of information representative of the walk of the user U comprise at least one of:
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of those described above in which the data processing unit 30 is configured to receive the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10, the data processing unit 30, in the presence of a forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 (the speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise is greater than zero), is configured to determine, when the user U is running on the surface of physical exercise 10, mutually in combination or alternatively, one or more pieces of information representative of the running technique of the user U by analyzing the trend, in a plurality of sampling time instants, of one or more of the coordinate x, the coordinate y and the magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R determined in the plurality of sampling time instants.
The one or more pieces of information representative of the run of the user U comprise at least one of:
In other words, the analysis by the data processing unit 30, in the presence of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 (speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise greater than zero), of the trend, in a plurality of sampling time instants, of the coordinate x, of the coordinate y and/or of the magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R determined in the plurality of sampling time instants, advantageously allows obtaining biomechanical information representative of the walk and run of the user U.
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of those described above in which the data processing unit 30 is configured to receive the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10, in the absence of a forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 (speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise equal to zero), the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine information on the orthostatic stance of the user U.
For example, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine information representative of any asymmetry of the stationary position of the user U by analyzing the trend, in a plurality of sampling time instants, of one or more of the coordinate x, the coordinate y and the magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R determined in the plurality of sampling time instants.
In greater detail, in the particular case in which the trend of coordinate x and coordinate y is simultaneously analyzed, the trend of the position of the center of pressure of the user U is also analyzed.
The information representative of any asymmetry of the stationary position of user U represents the orthostatic symmetry of user U, which allows evaluating the balance ability of the user U.
In greater detail, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine such a symmetry/asymmetry by calculating a statistical value of the distribution of the coordinate x and/or the coordinate y values, respectively, in a set time interval.
For example, such a statistical value can be the median and/or the mean and/or the standard deviation of the values of the coordinate x and the coordinate y, respectively, in the set time interval.
The mean values of the coordinate x and the coordinate y in the set time interval, together with those of standard deviation, are “stability and balance” indicators of the user U.
Graphically speaking, the coordinate x, the coordinate y and the magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R can be represented by means of:
Cartesian time charts, e.g., butterfly chart, time series, and so on;
For example, when the user U walks on the surface of physical exercise 10, based on the coordinate x and the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R determined in a set time interval by the data processing unit 30, a so-called butterfly chart can be determined.
Moreover, when the user U runs on surface of physical exercise 10, based on the coordinate x and the second coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R determined in a set time interval by the data processing unit 30, it is possible to determine a graphical depiction representative of the displacement of the center of pressure (center of mass) of the user U under the body of the user U when running.
In addition, when the user U walks or runs on the surface of physical exercise 10, based on the trend of the magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R (component orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 of the ground reaction force GRF) in a set time interval, the data processing unit 30 is configured to determine events representative of:
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones, the data processing unit 30 is configured to store in a storage module the determined information representative of the resulting force vector F-R due to the interaction of the user U with the surface of physical exercise 10 of the treadmill 100 (coordinate x and/or coordinate y and/or magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R along the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 associated with the sampling time instant ti).
It should be noted that this storage is preferably performed by the data processing unit 30 at each sampling time instant ti.
According to an embodiment, in combination with the preceding ones, when the data processing unit 30 is configured to receive the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10, the data processing unit 30 is configured to store in a storage module the received information representative of the speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise, the determined information on the orthostatic stance of the user U, the determined information representative of the postural and locomotor stance of the user U, the determined information on the locomotion strategy (gait analysis) of the user U, the one or more determined pieces of information representative of the walk of the user U, the one or more pieces of information representative of the running technique of the user U.
It should be noted that this storage is also preferably performed by the data processing unit 30 at each sampling time instant ti.
According to an embodiment, in combination with the preceding one in which storage in the storage module is provided, the storage module is the memory unit 31 of the treadmill 100 or an additional memory unit 40 of an electronic apparatus 41 (diagrammatically shown with dashed lines in
Examples of electronic apparatus 41 are a cloud server processor, a tablet-type electronic device, a smartphone, a notebook, a personal computer, and so on.
A method 600 for determining information representative of the interaction of a user U with a surface of physical exercise 10 of a treadmill 100, hereinafter also only determining method or simply method, according to the present invention, will now be described also with reference to
In this respect, the treadmill 100 comprises a base 1 extending along a respective direction of longitudinal development D.
The base 1 comprises a first rotating element 2 and a second rotating element 3 adapted to rotate about respective axes of rotation A2, A3 transverse to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
The base 1 comprises a surface of physical exercise 10 operatively connected to the first rotating element 2 and to the second rotating element 3.
The surface of physical exercise 10 has a respective portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 facing a user U during the interaction of the user U with the surface of physical exercise 10.
The treadmill 100 comprises a plurality P-C of load cells arranged under the surface of physical exercise 10 so as to detect data representative of local force vectors F-11, F-12, F-21, F-22, F-31, F-32 along a direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 due to the interaction of the user U with the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10.
The plurality P-C of load cells comprises a first pair C-1 of load cells, a second pair C-2 of load cells, and a third pair C-3 of load cells arranged in series along the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
The first pair C-1 of load cells and the second pair C-2 of load cells are adapted to define a first force plate P1.
The second pair C-2 of load cells and the third pair C-3 of load cells are adapted to define a second force plate P2.
The plurality P-C of load cells were described above.
The treadmill 100 further comprises a data processing unit 30 operatively connected to the plurality P-C of load cells.
The method 600 comprises a symbolic step of starting ST.
The method 600, for each sampling time instant ti, with 1<i<N, of a plurality of subsequent sampling time instants t1, t2, . . . , tN, with positive integer N, comprises the following steps.
The method 600 comprises a step of detecting 601, by each load cell of said plurality P-C of load cells, data representative of a respective local force vector F-11, F-12, F-21, F-22, F-31, F-32 along a direction orthogonal to a portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 at such a load cell and due to the interaction of the user U with the surface of physical exercise 10.
The “data representative of a local force vector” were defined above.
The method 600 further comprises a step of determining 602, by the data processing unit 30, information representative of a resulting force vector F-R due to the user's interaction with a surface of physical exercise 10 of a treadmill 100 based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the plurality P-C of load cells.
In particular, as described below with reference to different embodiments, the data processing unit 30 determines the information representative of a resulting force vector F-R based on the data representative of local force vectors detected by one or both load cells of one or more of said first pair C-1 of load cells, second pair C-2 of load cells and third pair C-3 of load cells of the plurality P-C of load cells.
The resulting force vector F-R has already been defined above.
The method 600 comprises a symbolic step of ending ED.
According to an embodiment, shown with dashed lines in
In this embodiment, the step of determining 602 information representative of the resulting force vector F-R based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the plurality P-C of load cells comprises a step of determining 603, by the data processing unit 30, the coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R.
The coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R represents the position of the point of application of the resulting force vector F-R on the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 along the direction of longitudinal development D of the base of the treadmill 100.
According to an embodiment, in combination with the preceding one in which the determination of the coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R is provided, the coordinate x of the resulting force vector F-R is determined, by the data processing unit 30, based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by a first force plate P1 identifiable by processing only respective electrical signals which can be generated by the first pair C-1 of load cells and the second pair C-2 of load cells (thus not processing any of the respective electrical signals which can be generated by the third pair C-3 of load cells) or based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by a second force plate P2 identifiable by processing respective electrical signals which can be generated by the second pair C-2 of load cells and the third pair C-3 of load cells (thus not processing any of the respective electrical signals which can be generated by the first pair C-1 of load cells).
According to an embodiment, shown with dashed lines in
The first orientation and the second orientation of the resulting force vector F-R have already been defined above.
According to an embodiment, when the selection can be made based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the first pair C-1 of load cells alone:
According to an embodiment, when the selection can be made based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the third pair C-3 of load cells alone:
According to an embodiment, when the selection can be made based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the first pair C-1 of load cells and the third pair C-3 of load cells:
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the determination of the coordinate x of the resulting magnitude vector F-R is provided, as an alternative to those in which the first force plate P1 and the second force plate P2 are selectable based on the first orientation or the second orientation of the local force vectors detected by the first pair C-1 of load cells and/or the third pair C-3 of load cells along the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10, the method 600 comprises steps of:
If the sum of the magnitudes of the local force vectors detected by the first C-1 pair of load cells is greater than the sum of the magnitudes of the local force vectors detected by the third pair C-3 of load cells, the data processing unit 30 selects the first force plate P1.
If the sum of the magnitudes of the local force vectors detected by the first C-1 pair of load cells is lower than the sum of the magnitudes of the local force vectors detected by the third pair C-3 of load cells, the data processing unit 30 selects the second force plate P2.
According to an embodiment, shown with dashed lines in
In this embodiment, the step of determining 602 information representative of the resulting force vector F-R based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the plurality P-C of load cells comprises a step of determining 605, by the data processing unit 30, the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R.
The coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R represents the position of the point of application of the resulting force vector F-R on the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 transversally to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100.
According to an embodiment, shown with dashed lines in
The direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 is parallel to an axis z of the reference coordinate system S-R orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10.
In this embodiment, the step of determining 602 information representative of the resulting force vector F-R based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the plurality P-C of load cells comprising a step of determining 606, by the data processing unit 30, a magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R along the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10.
The magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R along the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 is representative of the intensity or amplitude of the force applied, in the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10, by the surface of physical exercise 10 on the user U.
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the determination of the coordinate y of the resulting force F-R is provided, the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R is determined, by the data processing unit 30, based on the data representative of the local force vectors detected by the first pair C-1 of load cells, the second pair of load cells C-2, the third pair C-3 of load cells.
For example, the data processing unit 30 determines the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R based on the proportion between a first sum of the magnitudes of the local force vectors detected by each first load cell C-11, C-21 and C-31 of the first pair C-1 of load cells, the second pair C-2 of load cells and the third pair C-3 of load cells, respectively, and a second sum of the magnitudes of the local force vectors detected by each second load cell C-12, C-22 and C-32 of the first pair C-1 of load cells, the second pair C-2 of load cells and the third pair C-3 of load cells, respectively.
Depending on the proportion between the first sum and the second sum, the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R, transverse to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100, will be shifted more toward the first side of the surface of physical exercise 10 (first sum greater than the second sum) or the second side of the surface of physical exercise 10 (first sum lower than the second sum).
In the particular case in which the first sum is substantially equal to the second sum, the coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R, transverse to the direction of longitudinal development D of the base 1 of the treadmill 100, will be substantially equidistant from the first side of the surface of physical exercise 10 and the second side of the surface of physical exercise 10.
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones, shown with dashed lines in
As mentioned above, the data processing unit 30 receives the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 from a speed sensor (not shown in the figures) with which the treadmill 100 is provided.
Such a speed sensor, for example operatively connected to an actuation unit (e.g., an electric motor, not shown in the figures) of the surface of physical exercise 10, for each sampling time instant ti, with 1<i<N, of the plurality of subsequent sampling time instants t1, t2, . . . , tN, with positive integer N, detects the speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 and sends such information to the data processing unit 30.
In an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 is received, shown with dashed lines in
In greater detail, the information representative of the postural and locomotor stance of the user U is determined by the data processing unit 30, based on one or more of the coordinate x, the coordinate y, the magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R, the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 and the direction of the resulting force vector F-R.
In an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 is received, shown with dashed lines in
In an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 is received, shown with dashed lines in
According to an embodiment, in combination with the preceding one, the coordinate x of the resulting vector F-R compensated for at the sampling time instant ti is determined by the data processing unit 30 as a function of the coordinate x of the resulting vector F-R determined at the sampling time instant ti, the detected speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 and the time difference Δt between two subsequent sampling time instants.
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 is received, shown with dashed lines in
The one or more pieces of information representative of the walk of the user U were described above.
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 is received, the method 600, in the presence of a forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 (speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise greater than zero), comprises a step of determining 612, by the data processing unit 30, when the user U is running on the surface of physical exercise 10, mutually in combination or alternatively, one or more pieces of information representative of the running technique of the user U by analyzing the trend, in a plurality of sampling time instants, of one or more of the coordinate x, the coordinate y and the magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R determined in the plurality of sampling time instants.
The one or more pieces of information representative of the running technique of the user U were described above.
In an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 is received, shown with dashed lines in
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones and shown with dashed lines in
It should be noted that the step of storing 614 is preferably performed at each sampling time instant ti.
According to an embodiment and in combination with the preceding one when the information representative of a speed value of forward movement of the surface of physical exercise 10 is received and shown with dashed lines in
It should be noted that the step of storing 615 is also preferably performed at each sampling time instant ti.
According to an embodiment, in combination with any of the preceding ones in which storage in the storage module is provided, the storage module is the memory unit 31 of the treadmill 100 or an additional memory unit 40 of an electronic apparatus 41 remote from the treadmill 100 and in communication with the data processing unit 30 of the treadmill 100.
Examples of remote electronic apparatuses have already been indicated above.
An example of implementation of the method for determining information representative of the interaction of a user U with a surface of physical exercise 10 of a treadmill 100 is now described with reference to the aforesaid figures.
A user U walks on the surface of physical exercise 10 of the treadmill 100.
For each sampling time instant ti, with 1<i<N, of a plurality of subsequent sampling time instants, t1, t2, . . . , tN, with positive integer N:
In particular, the data processing unit 30 determines a coordinate x and a coordinate y of the resulting force vector F-R in a reference coordinate system S-R which represent the position of a point of application of the resulting force vector F-R.
The point of application of the resulting force vector F-R represents the position of the center of pressure of the user U on the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 while walking.
Moreover, the data processing unit 30 determines a magnitude value of the resulting force vector F-R along the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10 (parallel to a third axis z of the reference coordinate system S-R) which represents the intensity or amplitude of the force applied, in the direction orthogonal to the portion PZ of the surface of physical exercise 10, by the surface of physical exercise 10 on the user U.
This information, determined in a set time interval by the data processing unit 30, is used to determine representative charts of performance indices of the user U during a walk or from which distinct contact points of the toe, midfoot, heel, or toe thrust during the walk can be extracted to obtain biomechanical information about the user U.
As can be seen, the object of the invention is fully achieved.
Indeed, the method and the related treadmill allow determining information representative of a resulting force vector due to a user's interaction with a surface of physical exercise of a treadmill by achieving the right trade-off between the accuracy and reliability of the determinations to be performed and the complexity of the treadmill, thus ensuring reduced intervention times and low costs for the treadmill configuration.
Moreover, being able to select one of the first force plate and the second force plate identifiable in the surface of physical exercise of the treadmill advantageously allows obtaining more accurate and reliable information representative of the user's interaction with the surface of physical exercise.
Additionally, the fact that the first force plate P1 and the second force plate P2 identifiable by the data processing unit 30 share a pair of load cells (in particular, the second pair C-2 of load cells), advantageously allows obtaining the functionalities of two separate force plates with fewer load cells and a simpler system configuration.
Moreover, the treadmill according to the present invention has ease of assembly, ease of replacement of one or more load cells in case of failure, ease of replacement of supporting elements of the surface of physical exercise.
Moreover, the treadmill of the present invention can be obtained from a treadmill with pre-existing structure which can be equipped with the plurality of load cells without changing the pre-existing structure.
Those skilled in art may make changes and adaptations to the embodiments of the method and treadmill described above or can replace elements with others which are functionally equivalent in order to meet contingent needs without departing from the scope of the following claims. Each of the features described above as belonging to 5 a possible embodiment can be implemented irrespective of the other embodiments described.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102023000002868 | Feb 2023 | IT | national |
