Patent Application
20160273530
Electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) may be used by oil and gas well operators when reservoir pressure alone is insufficient to efficiently produce from a well. ESPs are installed on the end of a tubing string and are inserted into the completed wellbore, below the level of reservoir fluids. ESPs employ a centrifugal pump driven by an electric motor to draw reservoir fluids into the pump, through the tubing string, and to the surface.
Depending on pressure and flow requirements, the ESP may contain multiple sets of blades or impellers arranged in multiple pump stages. As a result of this variation in blade and impellor arrangements, ESPs can vary significantly in length. For example, small ESPs may only be a few feet long while larger ESPs can extend several dozen feet.
Testing of ESPs typically involves mounting the pump on a test bench having a suitable drive, connecting the pump to a hydraulic circuit, and then running the drive to operate the ESP and circulate fluid through the hydraulic circuit. As the ESP operates, flow, pressure, and other measurements are collected to verify the ESP is operating as designed.
Testing different length ESPs requires either multiple test benches configured for different ESP lengths, or a test bench and associated hydraulic piping that can be reconfigured to accommodate variations in ESP length. If the hydraulic circuit contains rigid pipe or other inflexible components, reconfiguration may require time-consuming addition or removal of hydraulic circuit components, leading to undesirable labor costs and down-time of the test bench. Alternatively, expensive movable fittings, such as swivel-type pipe joints, may be installed in the hydraulic circuit and on the test bench to allow repositioning of the components to accommodate varying pump lengths. These types of fittings can be cost-prohibitive.
Accordingly, there is a need for an ESP test bench that can readily accommodate varying lengths of ESPs with minimal downtime required to reconfigure the test bench for different ESP lengths.
A more complete understanding of the present embodiments and advantages thereof may be acquired by referring to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numbers indicate like features.
While embodiments of this disclosure have been depicted and described and are defined by reference to exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, such references do not imply a limitation on the disclosure, and no such limitation is to be inferred. The subject matter disclosed is capable of considerable modification, alteration, and equivalents in form and function, as will occur to those skilled in the pertinent art and having the benefit of this disclosure. The depicted and described embodiments of this disclosure are examples only, and not exhaustive of the scope of the disclosure.
The present disclosure relates generally to test benches for testing electrical submersible pumps (ESPs).
Illustrative embodiments of the present invention are described in detail herein. In the interest of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation may be described in this specification. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation specific decisions must be made to achieve the specific implementation goals, which will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure.
To facilitate a better understanding of this disclosure, the following examples of certain embodiments are given. In no way should the following examples be read to limit, or define, the scope of the claims.
Adjacent to the drive assembly 104 is a rail assembly 112. The rail assembly 112 includes a support frame 116 and a pair of rails 114A, 114B. Although the embodiment in
A set of movable trolleys are disposed on the rails 114A, 114B. For the embodiment in
As depicted, the ESP 102 is connected to the hose 123 by a flanged connection 124 including a back pressure valve 126 for maintaining back pressure on the ESP 102 during testing. The connection between ESP 102 and the hose 123 may comprise other connection types including but not limited to threaded connections, hose clamps, quick-connect-style fittings, or any other suitable method of connecting the hose 123 to ESP 102.
Support fixture trolleys, such as support fixture trolley 120, may be disposed along the rails 114A, 114B to support either the ESP 102 or the hose 123. Depending on the length of the ESP being tested, support fixture trolleys may be repositioned on, added to, or removed from the rails. In
To accommodate different ESP sizes and arrangements, the pump fixture trolley 118 and support fixture trolley 120 are movable along the rails 114A, 114B. Movement along the rails 114A, 114B may be accomplished by, for example, linear bearings or rail wheels installed on the underside of the trolleys and configured to mate with the rails 114A, 114B. Alternatively, the rails may include low-friction guides or coatings that permit sliding of the trolleys along the rails.
Generally, a given trolley will be prevented from significant movement along the rail by virtue of the weight of the ESP, hose, and the trolley itself. However, any trolley may also include braking mechanisms such as clamps, set screws, discs, pins, or similar devices that, when engaged, prevent movement of the trolley along the rails 114A, 114B. In addition to or as an alternative to being movable along the rails, each trolley may be entirely removable from the rails. As a result, trolleys can be added, removed, or reordered depending on the specific ESP being tested.
According to the embodiment of
A hose outlet 138 of the hose 123 is positioned at the end of the hose tray 134. In some embodiments, clamps, ties, bands, or other means are used to secure the outlet 138 to the hose tray 134 or to another portion of the test bench 100, fixing the position of the hose outlet 138. The outlet 138 may be connected to other equipment including meters and sensors for measuring properties of fluid exiting the hose outlet 138, filters or separators for removing particulates from the fluid, coolers or heat exchangers for cooling the fluid, or any other equipment for measuring, treating, storing, or directing fluid flow. In any embodiment, the connected piping and equipment may redirect fluid flow back to the fluid inlet of the test bench.
As depicted in
In any embodiment, the hose handler 130 may be configured to be manually movable along the rails 114A, 114B or may be moved by a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism may operate based on electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical or other types of power. For example, the hose handler 130 may be movable by a motor and system of gears, belts, or cable pulls or may be movable by a linear pneumatic actuator.
To facilitate a better understanding of this disclosure, a description of use of a test bench in accordance with this disclosure follows. This description should not be read to limit, or define, the scope of the claims. For example, the example that follows should not limit the lengths of ESPs suitable for testing despite the example referring to ESPs having specific lengths.
In addition to adjusting the position of the pump fixture trolley 218 and the support fixture trolley 220A, a hose handler 230 is moved into position along the rail 214. Specifically, the hose handler 230 is positioned such that when ESP 202A is mounted on the test bench, hose 223 runs in a first direction from a pump connection 224 and passes through a hose guide 236 that directs the hose 223 onto a rotating sheave 232. The hose 223 is directed around the rotating sheave 232 and then along a hose tray 236 in a second direction opposite to the first direction. At the end of the hose tray 236, a hose outlet 238 is located and may be fixed as previously discussed in this disclosure. As depicted in
After positioning pump fixture trolley 218, support fixture trolley 220A, and hose handler 230, ESP 202A may be mounted on the test bench 200 and coupled to the drive assembly 204 and pump connection 224. Once mounted, ESP 202A can be driven by the drive assembly 204 to pump fluid from an inlet (not depicted), through the ESP 202A and the hose 223, and out of the hose outlet 238. As previously discussed, the inlet and hose outlet may connect to a larger hydraulic system including equipment for measuring properties of the fluid as it enters and exits the pump, for cooling and filtering the fluid, or for various other functions related to testing the pump or processing the fluid.
When testing is complete, ESP 202A may be decoupled from the drive assembly 204 and the pump connection 224 and removed from the test bench 200. After removal of the ESP 202A, the test bench 200 can be used as-configured to test another ESP of the same length as ESP 202A or can be reconfigured to test an ESP of a different length.
To accommodate ESP 202B, the test bench 200 is reconfigured by adjusting the number and placement of support fixture trolleys and repositioning the pump fixture trolley and hose handler. Specifically, pump fixture trolley 218 is moved along the rail 214 to a position corresponding to the end of ESP 202B. Similarly, support fixture 220A is moved along the rail 214 such that support fixture trolley 220A directly supports ESP 202B instead of hose 223, as was the case in the configuration depicted in
The hose handler 230 is also been repositioned along the rail 214 to accommodate ESP 202B. Repositioning the hose handler 230 along the rail 214, directs a greater proportion of the hose 223 along the hose tray 234 than in the configuration depicted in
Other embodiments may have alternate arrangements of the sheave. For example,
Although the hose handler of previously discussed embodiments have each included a rotating sheave for redirecting the hose, other embodiments may include other arrangements suitable for redirecting the hose. For example, instead of the rotating sheave, the hose handler may include a rotatable hose reel and the hose may wrap multiple times around the hose reel. The hose reel may be spring driven such that the hose is self-retracting. The hose reel may also include a handle, crank, or motor for rotating the hose reel.
Embodiments may also include hose handlers having multiple connected hose reels. For example, a first hose reel may be used to adjust the length of hose between the ESP and the hose handler, while a second hose reel may be used to adjust the length of hose between the hose handler and the location of the hose outlet. In such an arrangement, the hose may include two separate hose sections corresponding to the first hose reel and the second hose reel, the two separate sections being connected to permit fluid flow between the two hose sections and to permit independent rotation of the first and second hose reels.
Although numerous characteristics and advantages of embodiments of the present invention have been set forth in the foregoing description and accompanying figures, this description is illustrative only. Changes to details regarding structure and arrangement that are not specifically included in this description may nevertheless be within the full extent indicated by the claims.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2014/050647 | 8/12/2014 | WO | 00 |
