Patent Application
20070132166
The invention relates to devices and methods for the teaching of religion through a combination of both scriptural and foundational texts and biographical stories which exemplify the principles those works attempt to instill.
Not applicable.
The foundations of all major religions are the scriptural texts that comprise the body of literature and song associated with their development. These texts contain the principles, values, and beliefs each religion wishes to instill in its followers. Unfortunately since many of them date centuries or even millennia back in time they often require translation or adaptation to modern times. This application will disclose a method of combining and cross-referencing biographical stories with the bodies of religious works applicable. By offering a series including a variety of role models and applying the works of a variety of religions the inventor hopes to achieve a more effective method of religious instruction.
While hundreds of billions of dollars are devoted every year to the development of technologies for such things as achieving a fraction of one percent improvement in the operation of a gasoline engine, heating houses more uniformly, improving the speed of personal computers, and other such things, the improvement of people as self-motivated human beings of character and integrity as a part of society remains, in comparison, substantially untouched by technology, save for the largely counterproductive use of the media as a substitute for conventional entertainment.
This seems rather remarkable, given the importance of interpersonal reactions and relationships, and clear indicators in our society that at the turn-of-the-millennium the moral system has broken down, at the end of a century long cycle of decay. Compared to the state of moral affairs at the end of the last century, overall, there has been an increase in virtually every negative indicator of the moral health of a society. Divorces, births out of wedlock, abortions, murders, and all manner of psychological and physical violence, by and large, have risen steadily for the last hundred years.
Some have suggested that technology is the culprit. The logic behind this statement is not clear, but given the complexity of human development and reaction of human nature to various factors, there may be some truth to this. Perhaps, technology has created a world where our worst demons are nurtured and promoted. Nevertheless, despite the apparent value of technology as a tool, as alluded to above, it remains substantially untapped to address these problems. Over the years, however, an attempt to improve people has been made by distributing the Bible and other texts, for example in hotel rooms.
Moreover, print on-demand book publishing is beginning to be used in the marketplace. While many companies have developed print on-demand publishing lines; these machines and “printing lines” address the publishing needs of the paperback and hard cover mainstream book publishing industry. The papers used in these on-demand printing machines is medium to heavy in weight, compared to the thinness of the paper required in the printing of Bibles, Torahs, and other religious text.
Thus, the printing and publishing of Bibles, Torahs, and other religious text requires many diversified capabilities due to the thinness of papers used, flammability of these papers, ink compatibility, thickness of the finished book and numerous other unique printing and publishing requirements. Because of these special requirements, companies who print and publish Bibles, Torahs and other religious text have special equipment to handle the unique characteristics and properties required for publication of these books.
Bibles, Torahs and religious text are traditionally printed and published in large quantities, due to the extensive and costly pre-press operations required to “prepare for the printing” of just one book. These traditional printing and publishing requirements do not lend themselves to the customization of Bibles, Torahs and other religious text, printed in customized small runs.
Additionally, many different types of books, magazines, periodicals, reference guides, spiritual texts, travel books, invoices, direct mail pieces and the like are printed on lightweight papers. Perhaps the most familiar use of lightweight papers is in the financial industry (prospectus, financial reporting and the like) and religious text (i.e., Bibles). Conventionally, products printed using lightweight papers have used traditional printing presses such as offset printing, web, gravures and similar technologies. These traditional printing technologies generally involve the use of presses, which demand pre-press development of specialized printing materials before printing can commence. The production of these materials generally involves the production of color separations, where color printing is desired, and the preparation from the separations of printing plates, which typically comprise resinous material deposited in the pattern which one desires to print on a substrate. Such substrates are typically made of metal, paper (in the case of relatively smaller printing runs) or other suitable material. In the case of full-color printing, it is generally necessary to have four sets of plates, mainly red, blue, yellow and black in order to obtain the full range of color.
Because of these necessary and costly pre-press printing processes, companies that require items to be printed on lightweight papers must print in relatively large quantities to recoup the investment spent in the pre-press process, simply preparing to print. Thus, industry experts generally state that most books must be printed in minimum quantities of 3,600 units in order to just “break even” due to pre-press setup costs.
Digital printing allows printing to be done directly from the computer to the printer without the preparation of plates or the like.
Currently, on demand printing predominantly uses either inkjet printing technology or laser technology. On demand digital printing is changing existing business models in the printing industry. The leading on demand digital printer manufacturing companies are Indigo, IBM, OCE, Xeikon and Heidelberg. The printers marketed by these companies use laser printing technology. Laser printing involves the deposit of toner in powder form on top of the paper which one desires to print.
The toner generally comprises a fine black thermoplastic powder which is brought into contact with an electrostatic image which has been formed by the printer on the paper which is to receive the print image. The electrostatic image electrostatically attracts the toner and holds it to the paper in amounts proportional to the darkness of the image area represented by the electrostatic image. The result is the formation of a black and white toner image, which, while accurate, is subject to being disturbed by the smallest of forces. Once the deposit of toner in a given area has been completed, the paper with the toner image electrostatically secured to it is then heated. The result is to melt the toner, causing it to adhere via capillary action to the paper. After being melted, the melted toner cools and “freezes” into solid form again. The toner and paper are then fused to each other, resulting in a substantially permanent image adhering to the paper. This process of laser printing leaves raised ink on top of the paper, thus adding volume to the paper.
Color laser printing generally involves similar principles and methods performed using different colored thermoplastic materials and multiple electrostatic images.
The high temperatures required to melt the resinous materials which serve as printing inks in laser printing would have adverse effects on lightweight paper. Accordingly, printed with digital laser printing technology is limited to heavier weights of paper. On demand digital laser printing technology is thus not employed with lightweight papers because the ink is melted onto the top of the paper at a high temperature.
Moreover, when the ink printed by on demand digital laser printing technology fuses on the page, it adds bulk, both in terms of weights and thickness, to the paper. This takes the form of slightly raised printed characters on the paper, and increases the finished thickness of any document, book or finished product, printed by on demand digital printers that employ laser technology. While the effect is not easily noticeable in the case of a single sheet, when many sheets are put together, the result is bulky and unsightly. While the effect is noticeable with heavyweight papers, such as twenty or twenty-four-pound paper stock, when lighter weight papers are used, the added thickness remains the same and is proportionately a much greater portion of the overall thickness of the document, compounding the unsightly and physically distorted appearance of the printed matter.
The problem is made more serious due to damage to the paper during the high temperature fusing operation. Additionally, the high fusing temperatures, in the case of lightweight papers, create potential flammability problems during on demand digital laser printing.
This disclosure will support any individual seeking understanding of their religion's scriptural and foundational texts by delivering in one volume a two part book, one part consisting of an annotated version of the religious texts, the other embodying the beliefs as applied, for example, to the life of a contemporary and highly regarded member of society. The combination and cross-referencing of these two offerings in a single bound volume enables a more effective teaching of the underlying principles.
Bibles, Torahs and other religious text are books whose content is historical and whose text tends to remain constant. When one of these books is read, the words often convey different interpretations to each reader. Because of this there is a need to allow for the customization of Bibles, Torahs and other religious books in keeping with the specific reading requirements of the reader. This invention addresses such a need, while developing spiritual knowledge and its relevancy of and to the individual.
The invention has as its object the use of modern information technology to advance the cause of character development, particularly in the case of younger people both in the family, in business, and in society.
In accordance with the invention, it is recognized that great wisdom has been distilled over the ages and is represented embodied in the religious texts, such as the Old Testament and the Gospel. The invention deals with the problem of successfully implementing these very general teachings in the very specific environment of a particular family or a particular workplace, school, or the like.
In accordance with the invention, it is recognized that the very general nature of the teachings of the Bible, while interesting from a philosophical and academic standpoint, in the hurried world which we have today do not easily lend themselves to quick understanding of their relevance to particular circumstances in our current society. Moreover, few people have the means to have a paid teacher who will explain the relevance of various parts of the Bible to what they're doing and the way that they ought to be living their lives.
Part of the problem is the need for this sort of assistance on a repetitive basis, and at a time when an individual is mentally free to accept new ideas and consider them as they apply to his or her life.
The Bible is not easy to understand. This writer remembers the admonition to “turn the other cheek” if you are struck. What does that mean? As a child, did the writer even have a remote idea of a meaning of this simple short statement? Does it mean that a true follower of God will not ever hurt another person? Or, does it mean that the faithful child of the Almighty will never strike in anger? Or perhaps, turning the other cheek is a statement of disbelief in the evil manifested and a challenge to the other individual to recognize the meaningless nature of anger and striking out, and a challenge to look within himself or herself for that elegant solution which would make such counterproductive behavior unnecessary, and even more plainly embarrassing.
Or perhaps, it is a demonstration of the strength of the person who has been struck, an invitation to a person being consumed with anger to cure himself and take the strength of a true believer, and gain the inner peace and happiness that comes with accepting God in every way.
These ideas are as universal as they are long recognized. For example, considering the last example, while we might consider all these thoughts purely a part of the Judeo-Christian ethic, they also lie at the very heart of the Muslim religion, where the very word “Muslim” (incorporating the “s”, “l” and “m” consonants found in full words meeting peace in the semetic languages, as exemplified by the words “salaam”, “shalom” and “Islam”) itself means peace, and, in particular, an individual who has gained peace upon accepting God through the acceptance of the Muslim religion.
In accordance with the invention, a person who may be acting as a mentor and who is thus familiar with the problems facing a particular individual in need of guidance, perhaps a child or younger associate in business has the possibility of generating a personalized message based on his knowledge of the Bible, or other sacred text, useful to such a mentored person.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the personalized message takes the form of a personalized printed bible, compact discs, e-books, audiovisual, text, or illustrated text work, or a work comprising a combination of these and/or other similar elements. More particularly, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, a customized version of the Bible, or other similar work, is generated by the person giving a Bible as a gift, or acquired for their own personal use. More particularly, the Bible is customized to emphasize messages of particular importance to the mentored person.
Such personalization and emphasis may take the form of certain passages being printed in different colors, highlighted or being associated with illustrations from everyday life showing the situations where the particular text is relevant. At the same time, the illustrations can be surprising and entertaining as they are associated with text written thousands of years ago, emphasizing the remarkable nature, universal applicability and ageless wisdom of the text.
For example, if such a Bible were to be given by a civil rights leader to followers who must face insult, threats and physical abuse, the text respecting “turning the other cheek” could be printed in purple and listed in a special appendix. At the same time, a picture of an individual, like the individual receiving the Bible, receiving some physical abuse which that individual faces everyday, or perhaps some mental abuse or insult, would drive the point home. In addition, explanatory text relevant to the daily life of the mentored person may also be included.
In accordance with the invention, such personalized Bibles are generated by computer. The computer is programmed to have the entire text of the Bible, together with numerous types and examples of illustrations, lessons and commentary associated with various parts of the Bible and available for selection or the person customizing the bible has the ability to add their own personal information and illustration. In addition, the computer is also programmed to receive information respecting what text is to be highlighted and what text is to be printed in selected colors and potentially underlined.
In accordance with the invention, an individual accessing the computer has the opportunity of selecting the text to be printed in the color of their choice, what text will be printed in large type having selected words and/or scripture highlighted, and having this emphasized text printed in a special table of contents. In addition, the individual may select appropriate pictures for various texts, as well as appropriate lessons and commentary associated with the same. These may be put in the context of footnotes, or on a blank facing page. People familiar with the particular medium being used will see other obvious customization options.
In addition, in accordance with the invention, the mentor is given the opportunity of typing in his/her own commentary or lesson, and adding his/her own photograph by having the same scanned and input into the computer generating the Bible, or other sacred text.
In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention, the computer program in accordance with the invention may be accessed by any personal computer via the Internet or at any location where such system is made available and the individual may purchase such a Bible over the Internet or elsewhere. In accordance with modern technology, books may be generated one at a time on a custom basis. The details involved in such generation will be discussed below.
In accordance with the invention, the end result is that a very personalized message of great moral and philosophical suasion, custom tailored to exactly those areas where a mentored individual is likely to be able to improve themselves can be economically, quickly and efficiently generated. Such Bibles or other religious texts can be as personalized as a Bible given by a father to his son, a grandfather to all his children, a sales manager to all his salesman, or teacher in a poor violent school district to all or none of his or her students, or a business leader to all of his clients. The emphasis on various parts of the Bible, their illustration, and a hard person to person contact (that will make the message so much more meaningful and respected) results in an impact that no general teaching can have, given the great diversity of the various people involved. Moreover, such personalized Bibles can be stored at the web site or other location where orders for such Bibles are taken or on the personal computer of the person buying the Bible, for later modification as the mentored individual or individuals experience improvement, and, perhaps, less fortunately, experience new problems.
It is also contemplated that pre-personalized texts (directed to, for example, school children, salesmen, under-privileged children, privileged children, etc.), ready for further modification, may be made available to customers.
It is a particularly useful feature of the present invention that the mentor's guidance is embodied in physical form and thus is available at all hours of the day and night, whenever the individual has an open mind and the time, and the lack of distraction to consider the message, perhaps at a time of particular personal need, stress, depression, joy, happiness or accomplishment. Moreover, in accordance with the invention, the personalized mentoring help is there, over, and over again, whenever, wherever and as many times as it is needed.
The inventor further provides a method, system and process for the customization and subsequent on-demand manufacture of Bibles, Torahs and other religious text. The method addresses the selection of the sections to be included in the customized Bible, Torah and other religious text. The system addressed in this invention allows for the manufacture of both hard-cover, paperback and electronic Bibles, Torahs and other religious text.
Being able to print directly from a computer to a printing press greatly changes the way that companies which are in the business of selling printed products, can operate. In addition, the use of inkjet printing can greatly streamline and offer flexibility in printing operations. Inkjet printing on lightweight papers can make smaller print runs of lightweight paper products 1) possible at competitive costs, 2) customization and personalization of the item being printed an option, and 3) with greater flexibility for the individual or company purchasing or producing the printed items.
The term “lightweight papers” herein means papers which weigh less then 50 grams per square meter, coated or uncoated. Such papers in weights going as low as 39 grams per square meter have been run successfully. While these papers are below the approved paper specification weights for the Scitex VersaMark™ inkjet printers, tests of print runs using such papers and such presses were successful.
In the case of a Bible, Torah, Koran or other spiritual text, if the inventive process for printing using an inkjet printer on lightweight paper is employed, such books can be customized to a user as noted in co-pending U.S. Patent Application 60/284,858, the disclosure and priority of which is incorporated herein by reference hereto. Moreover, such books manufactured using inkjet printing technology printed on lightweight paper are easy to store and move from place to place. It is important to note that the content of spiritual text can often be extremely difficult to read and understand. When a Bible or other spiritual text is developed and customized for an individual's specific interest it is believed that, for example, a Bible will be read and studied more often, thus sales will increase.
In accordance with the invention which is the subject of this application and the invention described in the above-noted United States patent application, the on demand digital inkjet printing technology of Bibles or other spiritual texts can be purchased with special scriptures highlighted in the color of choice of the purchaser and with individual sections included which are important to each Bible reader. Having the ability to select and customize the Bible's special sections, highlight scripture that is important to the reader, and allow for different scripture to be printed in different colors, will greatly allow for the customization of Bibles and other spiritual texts using on demand digital inkjet printing technology.
Should an individual want to develop a bible or other spiritual text and highlight the verses and scriptures that are “important or special” to him or her, such a spiritual text may be developed for users of a particular class by suitable software.
In the case of travel directories, a traveler may be planning a trip to different countries throughout the world or cities in the United States where he has never traveled before. In accordance with the invention, such a traveler logs onto an Internet website where he can customize a book for his specific travel plans. He selects the countries and/or cities where he will be traveling. Next he chooses those types of things which are of interest to him (museums, sporting events, historical landmarks, hotels, restaurants, etc.), noting the dates when he will be traveling. The system then searches the database for responsive information and presents the same to the consumer of the travel guide who is given the opportunity to include proposed information in his travel guide.
A customized travel book is thus developed for the traveler because of the answers to questions asked. This travel book is developed, personalized and printed for a specific trip or trips and customized to the traveler's special interests. Once the traveler has answered the questions and made selections online and the book is paid for, it is printed, bound and mailed to the traveler. The traveler will then need only to travel with one travel guide that contains information pertinent to his specific itinerary, as opposed to one book for each city or country he wishes to visit.
With the use of inkjet printing on lightweight paper, the book will be lightweight, easy to use and customized to the travel and special interests of the individual or individuals traveling. If there are multiple travelers, each traveler's special interests can be printed in a color they have selected, or in a separate section.
A feasibility study, comprising a comprehensive laboratory evaluation was conducted on eight paper samples manufactured by PDL, a European manufacturer of lightweight papers. The objective of this evaluation was to examine the feasibility of such papers for lightweight book publication.
Of the eight samples, two (Lacopaque and Microlux 36 gsm) show favorable optical density (print quality) and show thru when printed on an ordinary printer. The evaluation of these results suggests that a run of Lacopaque and Microlux on a Scitex nine inch printer might yield favorable results. Two rolls, 9.5 inch wide and 40 inch diameter on three inch core, of Lacopaque and Microlux are used.
The invention may be understood from the following drawings in conjunction with the description which follows:
All religions have either one main scriptural and foundational text or several texts which compile the main teachings, principles, and beliefs of the religion which they address. These books comprise a religion's scriptural and foundational basis. In addition there are books of song which correlate to hymns, chants and other music related stories and songs specific to the religion for which they were written. This application addresses these scriptural and foundational texts and song related books.
The number of different religions followed throughout the world is extensive. The scriptural and foundational texts associated with the most well-known of the world religions are as follows: members of the Christian faith rely primarily on the Holy Bible, there have been many attempts to make this text more understandable in diverse individualized translations but the text itself has always been comprised of 66 separate books as told in the Old Testament and the New Testament; members of the Catholic Religion, in addition to relying upon the Holy Bible find their basic beliefs in the Nicene Creed, the Catholic Catechism, the Ten Commandments, and others; in the Jewish religion the main scriptural and foundational text is the Torah, further texts include the Talmud, the Haftera, the Tanakh, and books of Chants; in the Islamic religion the foundational text is the Qur'an, with the Tafsir of Ibn Kathir being the most renowned and accepted explanation thereof; members of the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-day Saints, known popularly as Mormons rely upon the Book of Mormon as a companion to the Holy Bible; in the Buddhist religion the foundational text revolves around the Four Noble Truths; lastly, members of the Hindu religion rely upon the Vedas as their original scriptures of Hindu teachings and the Upanishads as the core of Indian philosophy.
During the centuries, numerous different translations have been written for each of the aforementioned scriptural and foundational texts for all religions. The stories are often passed down through generations and involve innumerable characters and plots. As a result scriptural and foundational texts are not easy to read. Translations often attempt to present an easily digestible version appropriate to our current society and time.
Achieving an understandable, relevant translation has always presented a challenge for religious scholars. Translations can easily reproduce the stories on their face, but conveying the underlying meanings within scriptures and foundational texts is quite a different matter.
Believers of all religions labor repeatedly in an effort to better understand the teachings, meanings and spiritual beliefs of their chosen faith. They attend classes and religious services in hopes to achieve a true understanding. Believers often endeavor to achieve a greater understanding of their own religion by attracting others to that specific faith. Again here, attracting new members can often be easily achieved, but ensuring that new members will achieve a complete knowledge of the faith is more difficult. It may take years of reading, studying and attending classes and services.
Yet another difficulty in the structure of modern worship is that people no longer feel truly connected with God. Going to church just makes people feel good and has become a social event in their lives. With great valor this group of individuals attends regular services, and bible study groups, they do mission work, and most importantly go through the routines that any other Christian affiliated member may do. Unfortunately the sad truth is that while members of a religion or congregation may look like a well-knit group of individuals who are close to God, from the outside looking in, many of these people do not know how to identify God working in their lives.
In the past decade there have been many multi-million best-selling books which deal with God, spirituality, and faith. The Left Behind book series, which tells fictional stories about what will happen if you do not have faith in God, has sold over 55 million copies in the past nine years. The Purpose Driven Life, a book that attempts to teach its readers how to do God's will for their life, has sold over 23 million copies. The Da Vinci Code has become a movie and there are over 11 million copies of the book in print. These books deal with forming a closer relationship between their readers and God, identifying God working in the reader's life, or trying to teach the reader why they should have a close personal relationship with God and what can happen if they do not.
The problem presented is that religions with established doctrines are lacking simple, effective ways to reach out to the millions of individuals who either do not attend formal services or otherwise desire a closer, more personal relationship with God. These individuals are often well-educated, make a nice living, yet want more from life than material possessions. The books disclosed in this application will address the need of these people by filling this void in their life.
A method, system and process for the customization of Bibles, Torahs and other religious text has been disclosed. Software written according to the present invention is to be stored in some form of computer-related medium, such as memory or CD ROM, or transmitted over a network by a processor.
Should an individual want to develop a bible or other spiritual text and highlight the verses and scriptures that are “important or special” to him or her, such a spiritual text may be developed for users of a particular class by suitable software.
In the case of travel directories, a traveler may be planning a trip to different countries throughout the world or cities in the United States where he has never traveled before. In accordance with the invention, such a traveler logs onto an Internet website where he can customize a book for his specific travel plans. He selects the countries and/or cities where he will be traveling. Next he chooses those types of things which are of interest to him (museums, sporting events, historical landmarks, hotels, restaurants, etc.), noting the dates when he will be traveling. The system then searches the database for responsive information and presents the same to the consumer of the travel guide who is then given the opportunity to include proposed information in his travel guide.
A customized travel book is thus developed for the traveler because of the answers to questions asked. This travel book is developed, personalized and printed for a specific trip or trips and customized to the traveler's special interests. Once the traveler has answered the questions and made selections online and the book is paid for, it is printed, bound and mailed to the traveler. The traveler will then need only to travel with one travel guide that contains information pertinent to his specific itinerary, as opposed to one book for each city or country he wishes to visit.
With the use of inkjet printing on lightweight paper the book will be lightweight, easy to use and customized to the travel and special interests of the individual or individuals traveling. If there are multiple travelers, each traveler's special interests can be printed in a color they have selected, or in a separate section.
A feasibility study, comprising a comprehensive laboratory evaluation was conducted on eight lightweight paper samples (comprising Lacopoque, Microlux, Adrige, Primalux, as examples) manufactured by PDL, a European manufacturer of lightweight papers. The objective of this evaluation was to examine the feasibility of such papers for lightweight book publication.
Of the eight samples, two (Lacopaque and Microlux 36 gsm) show favorable optical density (print quality) and show thru when printed on an ordinary printer. The evaluation of these results suggests that a run of Lacopaque and Microlux on a Scitex nine inch printer might yield favorable results.
An inkjet printer was used to print because, unlike conventional xerographic printing, the type is thin and will not result in a perceivable thickening of the book at the central type bearing portion of the printed and bound volume. This is the definition of the term thin in this application. It will be appreciated that the thickness of type that may be tolerated without a visual perception of increased thickness is greater for numbers of pages.
Two rolls, 9.5 inch wide and 40 inch diameter on three inch core, of Lacopaque and Microlux are used.
Of the eight samples, two (Lacopaque and Microlux 36 gsm) show favorable optical density (print quality) and show thru when printed on the Scitex nine inch printer. However, Lacopaque gives the highest optical density (1.3) at a show thru of 0.22. This compared with an optical density of 1.16 and show thru a 0.31 with Microlux 36 gsm is.
All of the eight samples show good optical density irrespective of where they are printed.
All of the eight samples show high show thru irrespective of where they are printed. However, some samples give significantly lower show thru.
None of the samples show any feathering when printed at some facilities although some samples when they are printed at other facilities show feathering. This suggests that some familiarity with the printers, a component for those samples printed at Facility 2, is important to obtaining optimal results.
A comprehensive laboratory evaluation is conducted on the paper samples. The purpose of this evaluation is to examine the feasibility of PDL paper for the Bible publication. The objective is to assess the properties of the paper samples printed at different facilities and compare. Eight un-printed paper samples from PDL are printed using “8400A” ink at seven levels (referred to as pattern # 9 to 17). The printer head used is nine inches. The print quality (O.D.—optical density) and show thru of the paper samples are measured. However, in the case of some of the paper samples printed at facility one, measurements are made at the highest level of ink only.
The test results of this laboratory evaluation are summarized in Table I. As shown in Table I, all of the eight samples show higher print quality (optical density) with the increase in the level of ink (increased pattern #). Show thru also increases with the increase in the level of ink. None of the samples show feathering when printed at Facility 2.
In the case of Lacopaque (sample #1), the optical density is in a wide range (0.82-1.3) compared to all of the other samples. However, the show thru remains in a narrow range. Even at the highest level of ink (pattern # 17), which gives the highest optical density, the show thru is relatively small. When printed at Facility 1, Lacopaque also shows good optical density (1.23) but the show thru is very high. Feathering is not shown when printed at either facility. Based on the relatively high optical density and low show thru (e.g. pattern # 17), Lacopaque appears to be the best performing among the eight paper samples tested.
In case of Microlux 36 gsm (sample #5), the optical density is in a narrow range (1.08-1.16). However, the show thru also remains in a relatively narrow range. It also does not show any feathering when printed at either facility. Based on the moderate optical density and low show thru, Microlux 36 gsm appears to be the second best performing among the eight paper samples tested.
Although both Lacopaque and Microlux 36 gsm give good print quality and low show thru (0.19-0.25 range), at least one typical industry acceptable limit for show thru is 0.06 for an 80 gsm sheet. However, given the acceptability of the product produced in the above samples (as compared to commercial offset printing examples), it would appear that the above results define a show thru standard for low basis weight (30-40 gsm) sheets.
In case of Primalux (sample #2), the optical density is in the range of 0.99-1.17. However, it gives moderate to high show thru. It also shows feathering when printed at Facility 1.
Compared to Primalux, similar results are obtained with both the Indolux samples (sample #3 and #4). However, the lower basis weight sample (#4) showed higher show thru as expected.
In the case of Microlux 28 gsm (sample #6), the optical density is good and remains in a narrow range (1.08-1.18). However, the show thru is very high. It also shows feathering when printed at Facility 1.
In case of Adige (sample #7), the optical density is good but the sample exhibited high show thru. It does not show any feathering when printed at either facility.
In case of the Bible sample (sample #8), the optical density is in a fairly wide range (0.88-1.2). Both the optical density and show thru are low at lower ink levels (pattern # 9-11). It does not show any feathering when printed at either facility.
As shown in Table I, all of the eight samples, in general, showed higher print quality (optical density) and lower show thru when printed at Facility 2 compared with those when printed at Facility 1.
A web-fed printing evaluation is also conducted on two additional paper sample rolls from PDL at Facility 2. The objective of this evaluation is to examine the feasibility of PDL paper for Bible publication.
Of the three sample rolls (Lacopaque 40 gsm, Primalux 39 gsm and Adige 40 gsm) evaluated, two (Lacopaque and Primalux) are printed. Both papers show favorable optical density (print quality) and show thru. Adige was printed on a drum. All three samples show varying degree of sizing, Primalux being the lowest and Adige being the highest and Lacopaque being somewhere in between on a relative basis. All three samples show low curl and cockle but Adige appears to be the best. In terms of permanence, Primalux gives a significantly better result than Lacopaque or Adige. This suggests strongly that Primalux is the most suitable substrate for Bible printing.
Two paper rolls (Lacopaque and Primalux) show favorable optical density (print quality) and show thru when printed on a web-fed printer. The third roll (Adige), when printed on a drum, also shows favorable optical density.
All three samples show a varying degree of sizing, Primalux being the lowest and Adige being the highest and Lacopaque being somewhere in between on a relative basis. However, all three samples show low HST numbers.
In terms of permanence, Primalux gave a significantly better result than Lacopaque or Adige. This also suggests Primalux to be the most suitable paper of those tested for the Bible printing.
All three samples show low curl and cockle but Adige (printed on a drum) appears to be the best in this respect.
It is believed that papers having a relatively higher HST value as compared to Primalux will result in imparting lower curl and cockle characteristics to the finished printed sheet.
During a second web-fed printing evaluation, two paper roll samples from PDL, are evaluated. The purpose of this evaluation is to ascertain the feasibility of PDL paper for the Bible publication. This also gives an opportunity to assess the runnability of the paper sample rolls on a Scitex printer. Three different paper sample rolls (Lacopaque 40 gsm, Primalux 39 gsm and Adige 40 gsm) from PDL are employed. Two of the sample rolls (Lacopaque and Primalux) are printed and the third one (Adige) is printed on a drum. The printer head used is nine inches and the ink is 1036. In the case of Lacopaque, printing is conducted at various speeds from 50 feet per minute to 350 feet per minute. However, when the paper is run at a speed above 250 feet per minute, it shows a tendency to wrinkle in the printed area. This could be attributed to the low basis weight of the sheet. Primalux was printed at 50 fpm.
Some of the important properties of the printed papers such as print quality (O.D.—14 optical density), show thru, HST (Hercules Size Test), permanence, curl and cockle are measured. Table II summarizes the results. Some of the manufacturing conditions and properties of paper measured by PDL are also summarized in Table III.
As shown in Table II, both samples (Lacopaque and Primalux) printed show good print quality (optical density). It should be pointed out, however, that the optical density is measured at the images with the highest concentration of ink. Therefore, the optical density of the text (alphabets) would be somewhat less (e.g. 0.85-0.90 not shown in Table II).
As shown in Table II, both of the samples (Lacopaque and Primalux) printed show low show thru (0.10 and 0.11 respectively) considering the low basis weight of the paper samples.
As shown in Table II, all three samples show varying degrees of sizing, Primalux showing the lowest HST number (2.6 seconds) and Adige showing the highest HST number (33 seconds). Lacopaque scored somewhere in between the two on a relative basis. The lowest HST number for Primalux could, primarily, be due to the absence of any sizing agent in the size press (Table III). The lowest HST number for Primalux is also clearly reflected in the high Cobb value (20-40 g/sm, Table III), as expected. However, all three samples, in general, show low HST numbers. Based on recent study, it is believed that, in general, a paper sheet with high HST performs better in terms of curl and cockle. Therefore, a high HST is desirable especially in case of papers with low basis weights.
In terms of permanence, Primalux shows a significantly better result than Lacopaque and Adige which makes the former a more suitable one for Bible printing. The improved permanence exhibited by Primalux could, primarily, be attributed to its porosity (20-40 ml/min, Table III). In addition, Primalux has a pigmented surface coating and high ash content (Table III). However, permanence may also depend, to some extent, on the kind of ink used.
As shown in Table II, all three samples showed low curl and cockle but Adige (printed on a drum) appears to be the best. This can be attributed to its relatively high HST number (33 seconds) as discussed earlier.
*Printed on a drum
In connection with the above discussion, it is noted that the tests are carried out on paper which is not designed for inkjet printing. Rather, such papers are designed for offset printing. Accordingly, it is believed that such papers tend to soak up more ink than they should, and conventional techniques as are applied to paper to improve its functioning in connection with inkjet printing, such as coating, special chemistries or the like will improve high-speed printing in connection with inkjet printing technologies.
As illustrated in
Book 10 comprises a front cover 24 and a rear cover 26 and a number of pages bound therebetween, for example by being secured to spline 22. Any binding technique used for making a book, whether or not it includes a spine, may be used to make the inventive book. For example, so-called perfect binding, classical binding techniques, glue binding, or the like may be used. Likewise, the inventive book may be made by printing and folding a plurality of sheets and stapling them at the fold point, using a technique known as saddle stitching.
When the inventive book 10 is oriented in the position shown in
More particularly, as illustrated in
As illustrated in
Referring to
Referring back to
Spiritual Life Cycles may be times of extreme spiritual closeness to a higher power or times when one feels that their higher power has totally abandoned them. The resulting ebb and flow of faith in an individual's life will provide the foundation for the story that will be told in the biographical side 14.
Referring to
The design of this invention is unique in that the scriptural and foundational text 18 is presented on one side, and, when the volume is “flipped over”, the biographical side 14 tells the story of the individual whose faith in that corresponding religion has guided them during their life, thus creating a single book 10 bound together by spine 22 as shown in
These books will incorporate the personal testimonies of individuals who provide inspiration to, serve as mentors for, and whose own personal testimonies assure believers and non-believers, that their individual faith and commitment to God and/or their higher power has guided them to become the person they are today. This Spiritual Life Cycle of an individual's life provides the format through which biographical part 14 can be tied to scriptural and foundational text 18.
Different translations for the corresponding religion can be used for each book as they apply to the story which is related in biographical part 14.
Because the scholars and publishers of scriptural and foundational texts of religions have focused on copyrighting their specific translations, the present invention can potentially use any available translation that related to the individual whose Spiritual Life Cycle in detailed. Thus, if a person prefers one translation over another the publisher would only need to secure the printing rights to use the translation of choice as the scriptural part 18, which will in turn be matched up to biographical part 14.
The biographical work 14 and corresponding scriptural and foundational text 18 will form one book 10. As an individual writes the story about their life in accordance with the method of the present invention, they are able to identify periods of time in their life when different things that occurred seemed to have the same or similar underlying themes. These identified periods of time are grouped together under headings that best describe what the writer was encountering personally. Subject headings could be pain, joy, anger, frustration, serenity and so forth. Once the different subject headings are chosen, selections from the writer's religion will be paired to match. These selections form the scriptural and foundational text 18. The chosen scripture are identified under the subject heading and intertwined with the written story, either on the sides, top, or bottom of the page, or within the story itself. Pertinent chosen scripture 18, intertwined in the same book 10 as the biographical story 14, allow the reader to understand how scripture can relate to everyday occurrences.
The reader's comprehension of the scriptural and foundational text 18 may be slow at first, however as the reader proceeds through the biographical side 14 they begin to understand how it illuminates the scriptural side 18 and how both can be relevant to their own life. Each book describing a Spiritual Life Cycle in the biographical part 14 of the well-known individual will show corresponding related examples of religious text in the scriptural and foundational text 18, making the ancient and obscure more easily understandable.
The primary benefit of this incorporation of religious text 18 into religious book 10 is that it illuminates in a single volume not just the words but the underlying principles as well. Moreover, the two documents may be viewed in a conventional manner and easily accessed individually without having to look to where the second document begins. This is especially helpful in the case of two related stories or two related content sets as are envisioned here.
Given the radically different nature of the contents, each book receives equal billing on its associated side of the volume. This may be of some importance to an individual reading the book and public whom may prefer to be seen reading one book but not the other. It is also a way of giving evil dignity to both works, which improves the likelihood that they will both be viewed as of equal relevance and importance. This is particularly valuable in the case of, for example, a scriptural text and a contemporary story, where the relevance of the contemporary story to today's world might otherwise be seen to overshadow and make minimally important the relevance of the scriptural work, thus lessening the impact of the scriptural work.
Moreover, the use of a contemporary story and a scriptural work in one volume may result in the book being carried, for example, to work and being read while an individual is using public transportation. More particularly, it may be taken as reading material on account of its contemporary content, but should the reader complete the contemporary part of the book in the middle of a, for example, bus ride, there is extremely high likelihood that the individual will begin to read the scriptural work.
In accordance with the present invention, it is further contemplated that the scriptural work has cross references to the contemporary work. For example, in a book which has the story of, for example, Oprah Winfrey on its obverse, the story of Oprah Winfrey whether biographical or autobiographical, would have numerous references to biblical text. All of the parts of the biblical text referred to in the biographical or autobiographical portion of the work may also in turn, be marked, optionally, with the page reference to the biography or autobiography section which discusses it. In addition, footnotes, color printed sections, highlighted sections, large type sections or the like in the biblical text may be included with or without reference to sections of the biography of Oprah Winfrey.
In accordance of the present invention, it is contemplated that the text of the scriptural text may be used to summarize paraphrase or otherwise illuminate the biblical text on the basis of the experience of the individual whose story is told in the biographical or autobiographical section.
By pairing the scriptural and foundational text 18 with biographical side 14 and cross-referencing the pages of the two, the present invention facilitates the comprehension of the deeper meanings a religious text may contain. As compared with a conventional Bible or Qur'an this invention embodies a modern approach, relating the lessons and stories of that original text to the life of a celebrated member of society. The combination and cross-referencing of the texts in a single volume in fundamental to the success of the educational aspect. A biography and a religious text apart from one another provide none of the illumination which these texts would. The difference is that the publisher has done the work of unearthing the connections between the two.
Although the present invention has been described in accordance with the embodiments, the embodiments and variations would be within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, many modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application No. 60/284,858 filed Apr. 19, 2001 and U.S. provisional patent application No. 60/335,744 and which claims the benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/125,310 filed Apr. 18, 2002 the disclosures of which applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference thereto.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60284858 | Apr 2001 | US | |
| 60335744 | Nov 2001 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 10125310 | Apr 2002 | US |
| Child | 11528744 | Sep 2006 | US |
