Method for improving light-fastness of reversible thermochromic compositions at the time of color extinguishment

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a method for improving the light-fastness (resistance of degradation of color to light) of reversible thermochromic compositions by use of a specific electron accepting light-fastness providing agent.
2. Description of the Related Art
Thermochromic compositions comprised of a combination of electron donating compounds with electron accepting compounds are known in the art, e.g., in U.S. Pat. No. 3,560,229. Since metachromatic temperatures of such compositions depend on the combination of the compounds used, it has been very difficult to obtain compositions capable of varying in color at the desired temperature.
The present inventors have invented a method in which a specific alcohol, ester or ketone is used as a metachromatic temperature adjuster to adjust the metachromatic temperature to the desired temperature (Japanese Patent Publications No. 51-44706, No. 51-44708, No. 52-7764 and No. 6-59746).
The invention previously made by the present inventors is important in that the metachromatic temperature can be controlled to any desired temperature even if the combination of an electron donating and electron accepting compounds is not varied.
However, the combination of these electron donating and electron accepting compounds has a disadvantage that the electron donating compound has poor light-fastness and hence any thermochromic compositions making use of it also have poor light-fastness. Accordingly, the color may become faded by light or, in an extreme instance, may become completely decolored.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention was made in order to solve the problems involved in the prior art.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the light-fastness of a reversible thermochromic composition.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a metachromatic, or a reversible thermochromic composition comprising;
(a) an electron donating compound;
(b) an electron accepting compound; and
(c) a metachromatic temperature adjuster;
wherein;
(d) 0.3-70 parts by weight of an electron accepting, light-fastness providing agent represented by Formula I based on 1.0 part by weight of the component -(a) electron donating compound: ##STR2##
wherein n represents an integer of 5 to 17 to form
a straight-chain or branched alkyl group; X and Y each represent a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom; and p and m each represent an integer of 0 to 3; and
(e) a light stabilizer.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a layer of at least one of an additional light stabilizer and a metallic luster pigment is formed on the surface of a layer of the reversible thermochromic composition described above.
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are described in or will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1 to 18 are graphs showing coloring density attenuation in Examples of the present invention and Comparative Examples.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention is a method of effecting metachromatism by the use of a reversible thermochromic composition comprising an electron donating compound �hereinafter often "component (a)"!, an electron accepting compound �hereinafter often "component (b)"! and a metachromatic temperature adjuster �hereinafter often "component (c)"!, and is characterized in that the composition is incorporated with a specific electron accepting light-fastness providing agent �hereinafter often "component (d)"! represented by the following Formula I, in an amount of from 0.3 part by weight to 70 parts by weight based on 1.0 part by weight of components (a), and a light stabilizer �hereinafter often "component (e)"!. ##STR3## wherein n represents an integer of 5 to 17 to form a straight-chain or branched alkyl group; X and Y each represent a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom; and p and m each represent an integer of 0 to 3.
The electron donating compound is typified by leuco dyes. The leuco dyes have a weak light-fastness and hence compositions making use of them readily age by exposure to light, thereby causing a deterioration of metachromatic properties.
The electron donating compound is affected by light when it is brought into an electron-donated state (in which the compound has donated an electron), i.e., in terms of the leuco dyes, when brought into a color-developed state.
On the other hand, when brought into a color-extinguished (or colorless) molecular state, the electron donating compound is also greatly affected by ultraviolet rays to cause deterioration of metachromatic properties. Since thermochromic compositions perform display by alternating color development and color extinguishment, light-fastness is also required at the time of color extinguishment.
Ultraviolet light absorbers, metallic luster pigments and so forth which are conventionally used to improve light-fastness are effective for screening ultraviolet rays, but not effective against visible light rays.
The present inventors have discussed that deterioration of reversible thermochromic properties occurs in the color-extinguished state even if ultraviolet rays are screened due to visible light rays which were previously considered not to affect the thermochromic properties.
Accordingly, the present invention also employs at least one of the light stabilizer and the metallic luster pigment �hereinafter often "component (f)"! to filter the ultraviolet rays that greatly affect the properties in the color-extinguished state, and employs the above compound of Formula I to prevent the properties from being affected by visible light rays. Thus, the present invention has succeeded in greatly improving the light-fastness of reversible thermochromic compositions.
At least one of the light stabilizer and the metallic luster pigment and the light-fastness providing agent represented by Formula I must be used in combination so that the light-fastness at the time of color extinguishment may be improved. In this regard, the present invention differs reversible thermochromic compositions which provide from improved light-fastness at the time of color development.
The color-developed state and color-extinguished state of the reversible thermochromic composition used in the present invention will be described below.
The components (a), (b) and (c) of the reversible thermochromic composition used in the present invention are molecular compounds and are not ionized compounds in the state they are actually handled. In the reversible thermochromic composition in which these components are uniformly mixed, the components (a) and (b) ionize and combine to come into the color-developed state at a temperature not higher than the metachromatic temperature. On the other hand, at a temperature not lower than the metachromatic temperature, the ionic bond between the components (a) and (b) disappears, and the components (a) and (b) become independent from each other to turn into molecular compounds and come into the color-extinguished state. The component-(b), which is a phenolic hydroxyl group, undergoes solvation upon its dissolution in the component-(c) metachromatic temperature adjuster to have a strong affinity for the component (c). (Of course, the component (a) is not found separately but is actually dissolved in the component (c) together with the component (d) or (b) in the reversible thermochromic composition, and hence has a weak mutual action on the component (a) and component (d) or (b) in the color- extinguished state.)
Actually, the component (d) more contributes to improving light-fastness than the component (b) in the color-extinguished state. From this fact, it is seen that the component (d) and the component (a) interact. In the transitional stage of metachromatism, the components (a) and (b) are presumed to come into a state intermediate between the ionized state and the molecular state and to stand in a weak ionic bond in the state they are ionized to a certain extent. The color development occurs even if components (a) and (b) only come into slightly ionized state. Thus, with regard to the light-fastness, the transitional state is regarded as the color-developed state.
Since thermochromic compositions cause metachromatism while repeating the color-extinguished state and the color-developed state, the reversible thermochromic properties may deteriorate unless the light-fastness in the both states is improved.
It is another feature of the present invention that the light-fastness providing agent represented by Formula I and at least one of the light stabilizer and the metallic luster pigment are used in combination to thereby make the composition free from being affected by either visible light rays or ultraviolet rays at the time of color extinguishment.
The component-(d) light-fastness providing agent used in the present invention has electron accepting properties and is utilized in an amount not less than 0.3 part by weight based on 1.0 part by weight of the electron donating compound (a). If the light-fastness providing agent is present in an amount less than 0.3 part by weight based on 1.0 part by weight of the electron donating compound (a) no sufficient light-fastness can be obtained when the reversible thermochromic composition is in the color- extinguished state.
The component-(d) light-fastness providing agent represented by Formula I, used in the present invention, is a bisphenol compound or bis(hydroxyphenyl) compound comprising an alkyl group to which two phenyl rings each having a hydroxyl group is attached through the terminal carbon atom. This compound is characterized in that the alkyl group except the terminal carbon atom has 5 to 17 carbon atoms (n). If the number of carbon atoms is less than 5, the alkyl group is so short that the solubility in the aromatic component-(c) metachromatic temperature adjuster may be insufficient and a well stabilized structure can not be obtained in the solid atmosphere having a temperature not higher than the metachromatic temperature. If on the other hand the number of carbon atoms is more than 17, the alkyl group is so excessively long that the solubility in the aromatic component-(c) metachromatic temperature adjuster may be excessive and the resulting composition may not be practical because it has a weak color forming power and also a poor metachromatic sensitivity.
It is most preferable for the alkyl group to be a straight-chain alkyl group. In the case when the alkyl group is branched, the branch is preferably be as short as possible.
Each of the phenyl rings, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group or a halogen may be attached as a substitute.
It is still another feature of the present invention that the compound of Formula I is used in an amount of from 0.3 part by weight to 70 parts by weight based on 1.0 part by weight of the electron donating compound. If the compound of Formula I is added in an amount less than 0.3 part by weight, its addition can not be effective, and if added in an amount more than 70 parts by weight, its effect is no longer improved. The compound is preferably used in an amount of from 2.0 to 50 parts by weight.
Since this component-(d) light-fastness providing agent used in the present invention also has electron accepting properties, its use enables altering the amount of the component-(b) electron accepting compound to be used, or in some cases, complete substitution of component-(b) by component-(d).
When the component-(b) light-fastness providing agent represented by Formula I is replaced with the component-(d) electron accepting compound, it must be used in an amount of from 1.0 part by weight to 60 parts by weight based on 1.0 part by weight of the component-(a) electron donating compound. This is because compound (d) commonly has a larger molecular weight than compound (b) because of the former's long-chain alkyl group. Thus, the equivalent weight of the phenolic hydroxyl group (molecular weight/the number of phenolic hydroxyl group per molecule) reacting with the component-(a) electron donating compound is larger than the component-(b) electron accepting compound, and hence the component (d) must be used in an amount larger than the case when the component (b) is used as the electron accepting compound. The component-(d) light-fastness providing agent may particularly preferably be used in an amount of from 2.0 to 50 parts by weight.
When the reversible thermochromic composition is in the color-extinguished state, the component-(a) electron donating, color forming organic compound has a weak interaction with the component-(d) light-fastness providing agent while remaining dissolved in the component-(c) metachromatic temperature adjuster; its stability in the component-(c) metachromatic temperature adjuster is improved by the long-chain alkyl group.
The extent to which the composition is made stable to light is not so great as the color-developed state where the component-(a) electron donating, color forming organic compound and the component-(d) light-fastness providing agent have ionically strongly interacted. It is believed that such weak interaction prohibits photo-oxidation and photo- decomposition from being caused by light also when the composition is in the color-extinguished state, to bring about an improvement in light-fastness.
In addition, ultraviolet rays, chiefly causative of deterioration in the color-extinguished state, are screened by the component-(e), so that the light-fastness can be more effectively improved. Ultraviolet rays are screened more effectively when a layer formed of the component- (f) at least one of the light stabilizer and the metallic luster pigment is formed on the surface of a layer formed of the reversible thermochromic composition.
The weak interaction between the component-(a) electron donating, color forming organic compound and the component-(d) light-fastness providing agent in the color-extinguished state is believed to be attributable to an electrostatic force acting between the component-(a) electron donating, color forming organic compound having an amino group, a carbonyl group, etc. and the molecule having a polar structure because of a substituent having a great polarity as in the component-(d) having a phenolic hydroxyl group.
The component-(b) electron accepting compound includes compounds having active protons, pseudo acid compounds (e.g., compounds capable of acting as acids in the composition to make the component (a) form color), and compounds having electron holes.
Of the compounds having active protons, a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group exhibits the most effective thermochromic properties, and may be a compound selected from aromatic carboxylic acids, aliphatic carboxylic acids having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, carboxylic acid metal salts, acid phosphates and metal salts thereof, 1,2,3-triazole and derivatives thereof, thiourea and derivatives thereof, urea and derivatives thereof, guanidine and derivatives thereof, aromatic or aliphatic carboxylic acid anhydrides, borates, halogenated alcohols, oxazoles, thiazoles, imidazoles, pyrazoles, pyrroles, aromatic sulfonamides and aromatic sulfonimides.
Since the component-(d) light-fastness providing agent represented by Formula I has electron accepting properties by itself, it is preferable to control the amount of the component-(b) electron accepting compound by the component-(d) light- fastness providing agent.
The component-(a) electron donating, color forming organic compound used in the present invention is exemplified in Table 1.
TABLE 1______________________________________Compound groups, and exemplary compounds thereof______________________________________Diphenylmethanephthalides:3,3-Bis(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-6-dimethylaminophthalide,3,3-bis(p-dimethylaminophenyl)phthalide, etc.Phenylindolylphthalides:3-(4-Diethylaminophenyl)-3-(1-ethyl-2-methylindol-3-yl)phthalide,3-(2-methyl-4-diethylamino)phenyl-3-�1-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-methylindol-3-yl)phthalide, etc.Indolylphthalides:3-3-Bis(1-n-butyl-2-methylindol-3-yl)phthalide,3-3-bis(1-ethyl-2-methylindol-3-yl)phthalide,3-3-bis(1-n-pentyl-2-methylindol-3-yl)phthalide,3-(1-n-butyl-2-methylindol-3-yl)-3-(1-n-octyl-2-methylindol-3-yl)phthalide, etc.Diphenylmethaneazaphthalides:3,3-Bis(2-ethoxy-4-diethylaminophenyl)-4-azaphthalide,Phenylindolylazaphthalides:3-(2-Ethoxy-4-diethylaminophenyl)-3-(1-ethyl-2-methylindol-3-yl)-4-azaphthalide,3-(4-diethylamino-2-methylphenyl)-3-(1-ethyl-2-methylindol-3-yl)-4-azaphthalide,3-(2-ethoxy-4-N-ethylanilino)-3-(1-ethyl-2-methylindol-3-yl)-4-azaphthalide,3-�2-ethoxy-4-(N-ethyl-4-n-butylphenylamino)phenyl!-3-(1-ethyl-2-methylindol-3-yl)-7-azaphthalide, etc.Fluorans:3,6-Dimethoxyfluoran,3,6-di-n-butoxyfluoran,2-chloro-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-methyl-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-methyl-6-(N-ethyl-N-p-tolylamino)fluoran,3-chloro-6-cyclohexylaminofluoran,2-methyl-6-cyclohexylaminofluoran,2-anilino-6-(N-ethyl-N-n-hexylamino)fluoran,2-(2-chloroanilino)-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-(2-chloroanilino)-6-di-n-butylaminofluoran,2-(3-trifluoromethylanilino)-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-(N-cyclohexyl-N-benzylamino)-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-N,N-dibenzylamino-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-(N-methylanilino)-6-(N-ethyl-N-p-tolylamino)fluoran,1,3-dimethyl-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-chloro-3-methyl-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-chloro-3-methyl-6-(4-di-n-butylanilino)fluoran,2-n-octylamino-3-methyl-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-N,N-dibenzylamino-3-methyl-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-N,N-dibenzylamino-4-methyl-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-anilino-3-methyl-6-(N-methyl-N-n-propylamino)fluoran,2-anilino-3-methyl-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-anilino-3-methyl-6-(N-ethyl-N-isobutylamino)fluoran,2-anilino-3-methyl-6-di-n-butylaminofluoran,2-anilino-3-methyl-6-(N-ethyl-N-isopentylamino)fluoran,2-anilino-3-methyl-6-di-n-pentylaminofluoran,2-anilino-3-methyl-6-(N-ethyl-N-cyclohexylamino)fluoran,2-anilino-3-methyl-6-(N-ethyl-N-p-tolylamino)fluoran,2-(2-fluoroanilino)-6-di-n-butylaminofluoran,2-xylidino-3-methyl-6-diethylaminofluoran,2-(p-n-butylanilino)-3-methyl-6-diethylaminofluoran,1,2-benzo-6-diethylaminofluoran,1,2-benzo-6-(N-ethyl-N-isobutylamino)fluoran,1,2-benzo-6-(N-ethyl-N-isoamylamino)fluoran,1,2-benzo-6-di-n-butylaminofluoran, etc.,Styrylquinones:2-(3-Methoxy-4-dodecoxystyryl)quinoline, etc.Pyridines:4-(4-N-methyl-N-benzylaminophenyl)pyridine,2,6-diphenyl-4-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)pyridine,2,6-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)pyridine,2,6-dimethyl-3,5-biscarboxyethoxy-4-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)pyridine,2-(2-octoxyphenyl)-4-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-6-phenylpyridine,2,6-diethoxy-4-(4-diethylaminophenyl)pyridine,2,6-bis(4-n-butoxyphenyl)-4-(4-dimethylamino-phenyl)pyridine,2,6-bis(2-n-butoxyphenyl)-4-(4-dimethylamino-phenyl)pyridine,2,6-bis(2-ethoxyphenyl)-4-(4-dimethylamino-phenyl)pyridine,2,6-bis(2-ethoxyphenyl)-4-(4-diethylamino-phenyl)pyridine, etc.Quinazolines:2-(4-Dimethylaminophenyl)-4-methoxyquinazoline,2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-4-phenoxyquinazoline,2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-4-(4-nitrophenyloxy-quinazoline,2-(4-N-methylanilinophenyl)-4-phenoxyquinazoline,2-(4-piperidinophenyl)-4-phenoxyquinazoline,2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyloxy)quinazoline,2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyloxy)quinazoline, etc.Bisquinazolines:4,4'-(Ethylenedioxy)-bis�2-(4-diethylamino-phenyl)quinazoline!,4,4'-�propylenedioxy(1,3)!)-bis�2-(4-diethylamino-phenyl)quinazoline!,4,4'-�butylenedioxy(1,3)!)-bis�2-(4-diethylamino-phenyl)quinazoline!,4,4'-�butylenedioxy(1,4)!)-bis�2-(4-diethylamino-phenyl)quinazoline!,4,4'-(oxydiethylenedioxy)-bis�2-(4-diethylamino-phenyl)quinazoline!,4,4'-(ethylenedioxy)-bis�2-(4-piperidino-phenyl)quinazoline!,4,4'-(ethylenedioxy)-bis�2-(4-di-n-propylamino-phenyl)quinazoline!,4,4'-(ethylenedioxy)-bis�2-(4-di-n-butylamino-phenyl)quinazoline!,4,4'-(cyclohexylenedioxy)-bis�2-(4-diethylamino-phenyl)quinazoline!, etc.Ethylenophthalides:3-3-Bis�1,1-bis-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)ethyleno-2!phthalide,3-3-bis�1,1-bis-(2-methyl-4-dimethylamino-phenyl)ethyleno-2!phthalide,3-3-bis�1,1-bis-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)ethyleno-2!-4,5,6,7-tetrachlorophthalide, etc.Ethylenoazaphthalides:3-3-Bis�1,1-bis-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)ethyleno-2!-4-azaphthalide,3-3-bis�1,1-bis-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)ethyleno-2!-4,7-diazaphthalide,3-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-3-�1,1-bis-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)ethyleno-2!-4-azaphthalide,etc.Fluorenes:3,6-Bis(dimethylamino)fluorenespiro(9.3')-6'-dimethylaminophthalide,3,6-bis(diethylamino)fluorenespiro(9.3)-4'-azaphthalide,3,6-bis(diethylamino)fluorenespiro(9.3')-7'-azaphthalide,3,6-bis(diethylamino)fluorenespiro(9.3')-4',7'-diazaphthalide, etc.______________________________________
The component-(b) electron accepting compound used in the present invention is exemplified in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2______________________________________Compound groups, and exemplary compounds thereof______________________________________Compounds having phenolic hydroxyl groups:(Including monophenols to polyphenols; those having asa substituent thereof an alkyl group, an aryl group,an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a carboxylgroup, esters thereof, or an amide group or a halogenatom; bis-type or tris-type phenols; and phenol-aldehyde condensation resins. They may also be metalssalts of these compounds having phenolic hydroxylgroups.)Phenol, o-cresol, tertiary butyl catechol, 3-isopropyl catechol, p-chlorophenol, p-bromophenol, o-phenylphenol,methyl p-hydroxybenzoate,ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate,propyl p-hydroxybenzoate,n-butyl p-hydroxybenzoate,resorsinol, .alpha.-naphthol, .beta.-naphthol,1,2-dioxynaphthalene,2,3-dioxynaphthalene,hydroquinone monomethyl ether,guaiacol, eugenol,methyl protocatechuate, ethyl protocatechuate,propyl protocatechuate,methyl gallate, ethyl gallate, butyl gallate,tannic acid,4,4'-methylene bisphenol,bis-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-methane,1,1-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethane,1,1-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane,1,1-bis-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane,1,1-bis-(3-isopropyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane,1,1-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-butane,1,1-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropane,2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane,2,2-bis-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane,2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-butane,4,4',4"-methylidenetrisphenol,4,4-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone,4-isopropoxy-4'-hydroxydiphenyl sulfone,bis(4-hydroxydiphenyl) sulfide, phenol resin,etc.Metal salts:Metal salts of metals such as sodium, potassium,lithium, calcium, zinc, zirconium, aluminum,magnesium, nickel, cobalt, tin, copper, iron,vanadium, titanium, lead and molybdenum.Aromatic carboxylic acids, and aliphatic carboxylicacids having 2 to 5 carbon atoms:Maleic acid, fumaric acid, benzoic acid, toluicacid, p-tert-butylbenzoic acid, chlorobenzoicacid, bromobenzoic acid, ethoxybenzoic acid,gallic acid, naphthoic acid, phthalic acid,naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, acetic acid,propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid,etc.Carboxylic acid metal salts:Metals salts of metals such as sodium, potassium,lithium, calcium, zinc, zirconium, aluminum,magnesium, nickel, cobalt, tin, copper, iron, vanadium,titanium, lead and molybdenum, of acetic acid,propionic acid, butyric acid,caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauricacid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearicacid, isostearic acid, behenic acid, crotonicacid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linolic acid,linolenic acid, monochloroacetic acid,monobromoacetic acid, monofluorooacetic acid,glycolic acid, hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxybutyricacid, ricinolic acid, 1,2-hydroxystearic acid, lacticacid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinicacid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, malic acid, tartaricacid, valeric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid,naphthenic acid, benzoic acid, toluic acid,phenylacetic acid, p-tert- butylbenzoic acid, cinnamicacid, chlorobenzoic acid, bromobenzoic acid,ethoxybenzoic acid, mandelic acid, protocatechuic acid,vanillic acid, resorcic acid, dioxybenzoic acid,dioxychlorobenzoic acid,gallic acid, naphthoic acid, hydroxynaphthoicacid, phthalic acid, monoethyl phthalate, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, naphthalene monomethyldicarboxylicacid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, etc.Acid phosphates:(Acid phosphate compounds include monoesters anddiestrers, and may be mixtures thereof. Mixtures ofmonoesters and diestrers are called acid phosphates.)n-Butyl acid phosphate,n-ethylhexyl acid phosphate,n-octyl acid phosphate,oleyl acid phosphate,2-chloroethyl acid phosphate,cyclohexyl acid phosphate,phenyl acid phosphate,diethyl phosphate,phenyl methyl phosphate,cyclohexylstearyl phosphate,dibenzyl phosphate, etc.Metal salts of acid phosphates:Metals salts of metals such as sodium, potassium,lithium, calcium, zinc, zirconium, aluminum,magnesium, nickel, cobalt, tin, copper, iron,vanadium, titanium, lead and molybdenum, of theabove compounds.Triazole compounds:1,2,3-Triazole,1,2,3-benzotriazole,5-chloro-1,2,3-benzotriazole, etc.Thiourea and derivatives thereof:Thiourea, ethylthiourea, N,N-diethylthiourea, 1-phenylthiourea, diphenyl-bis-thiourea, etc.Urea and derivatives thereof:Urea, 1,3-diphenylurea, benzylurea, N,N-dichlorohexylurea, etc.Guanidine and derivatives thereof:Guanidine, 1,3-diphenylguanidine, etc.Aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acid anhydrides:Phthalic anhydride, benzoic anhydride, aceticanhydride, succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride,etc.Borates:Triphenyl borate, tri-n-octyl borate, etc.Halogenated alcohols:2,2,2-Trichloroethanol,1,1,1-tribromo-2-propanol, etc.Oxazoles:2-Mercaptobenzoxazole, 2-hydroxybenzoxazole, etc.Thiazoles:Benzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, etc.Imidazoles:Imidazole, benzoimidazole, etc.Pyrazoles:Pyrazole, benzopyrazole, etc.Pyrroles:Pyrrole, benzopyrrole, etc.Aromatic sulfonamides:Benzenesulfonamide, benzenesulfonanilide, etc.Aromatic sulfonimides:D-sulfobenzimide,1,2-cyclohexanesulfocarboxyimide, etc.______________________________________
The component-(c) metachromatic temperature adjuster used in the present invention is exemplified in Table 3 below.
TABLE 3______________________________________Compound groups, and exemplary compounds thereof______________________________________Alcohols:(Aliphatic monohydric saturated alcohols having 10 ormore carbon atoms)Decyl alcohol, undecyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol,tridecyl alcohol, tetradecyl alcohol (Example:myristyl alcohol), pentadecyl alcohol, hexadecylalcohol, heptadecyl alcohol, octadecyl alcohol(Example: stearyl alcohol), eicosyl alcohol,docosyl alcohol, etc.Esters 1:(Esters having 10 or more carbon atoms are effective,including esters obtained from any desired combinationof monobasic carboxylic acids having an aliphaticgroup and an alicyclic or aromatic ring withmonohydric alcohols having an aliphatic group and analicyclic or aromatic ring; esters obtained from anydesired combination of polybasic carboxylic acidshaving an aliphatic group and an alicyclic or aromaticring with monohydric alcohols having an aliphaticgroup and an alicyclic or aromatic ring; and estersobtained from any desired combination of monobasiccarboxylic acids having an aliphatic group and analicyclic or aromatic ring with polyhydric alcoholshaving an aliphatic and an alicyclic or aromaticring.)Ethyl caprylate, octyl caprylate, stearylcaprylate,myristyl caprate, docosyl caprate, cetyl caprate,stearyl caprate,2-ethylhexyl laurate, n-decyl laurate,3-methylbutyl myristate, cetyl myristate, stearylmyristate,isopropyl palmitate, neopentyl palmitate, nonylpalmitate, stearyl palmitate, cyclohexylpalmitate,n-butyl stearate, n-methylbutyl stearate, 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl stearate, n-undecyl stearate,pentadecyl stearate, stearyl stearate,cyclohexylmethyl stearate,isopropyl behenate, hexyl behenate, laurylbehenate, behenyl behenate,cetyl benzoate, stearyl p-tert-butyl benzoate,dimyristyl phthalate, distearyl phthalate,dimyristyl oxalate, dicetyl oxalate,dicetyl malonate, dilauryl succinate, dilaurylglutarate, diundecyl adipate, dilauryl azelate,di-(n-nonyl) sebacate,dineopentyl 1,18-octadecylmethylenedicarboxylate,ethylene glycol dimyristate,propylene glycol dillaurate,propylene glycol distearate,hexylene glycol palmitate,1,5-pentanediol distearate,1,2,6-hexanetriol trimyristate,1,4-cyclohexanediol didecyl,1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol dimyristate,xylene glycol dicaprinate,xylene glycol distearate, etc.Esters 2:(Esters of saturated fatty acids with branchedaliphatic alcohols, and esters of unsaturated fattyacids or saturated fatty acids having a branch orsubstituent with aliphatic alcohols branched or having16 or more carbon atoms are also effective.)2-Ethylhexyl butyrate,2-methylbutyl caproate, 1-ethylpentyl caproate, 2-methylpentyl caproate,2-methylbutyl caprylate, 2-methylpentylcaprylate,2-methylbutyl caprate, 2-ethylhexyl caprate, 1-methylpentyl caprate, 2-methylpentyl caprate,1,1-dimethylpropyl laurate, 2-methylpentyllaurate, 1-ethylhexyl laurate, 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl laurate, 3,7-dimethyloctyllaurate,1-ethylhexyl myristate, 2-ethylhexyl myristate,3,7-dimethylhexyloctyl myristate,1-ethylpropyl palmitate, 1-ethylpentyl palmitate,2-methylhexyl palmitate, 1-ethylhexyl palmitate,3,5,5-trimethylhexyl palmitate, 3,7-dimethyloctylpalmitate,1-methylpropyl stearate, 1-ethylpropyl stearate,2-methylbutyl stearate, 3-methylbutyl stearate,neopentyl stearate, 1-methylhexyl stearate, 2-methylhexyl stearate, 3,5,5-trimethylhexylstearate, 1-methylheptyl stearate, 1-methyloctylstearate, 3,7-dimethyloctyl stearate,1-ethylpropyl behenate, 2-methylbutyl behenate, 3-methylbutyl behenate, 2-methylhexyl behenate, 2-ethylhexyl behenate, 1-methylheptyl behenate, 3,7-dimethyloctyl behenate,stearyl oleate, behenyl oleate,stearyl linolate, behenyl linolate,3,7-dimethyloctyl erucate, stearyl erucate,isostearyl erucate,cetyl isostearate, stearyl isostearate,2-methylpentyl 12-hydroxycisstearate,2-ethylhexyl 18-bromostearate,isostearyl 2-ketomyristate,2-ethylhexyl 2-fluoromyristate, etc.Esters 3:�Among the foregoing esters, use of esters having a .DELTA.Tvalue (melting point - claud point) of 3.degree. C. or below asdisclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-2398enable small hysteresis characteristic (hysteresiswidth: 0.5 to 2.0) in regard to the colordensity-temperature curve and to exhibition of a highlysensitive thermochromic responsive.The esters having the width of .DELTA.T of 3.degree. C. or belowinclude alkyl esters, aryl esters, arylalkyl esters,alicyclic esters, branched alkyl esters of aromatic oraliphatic carboxylic acids, and substituted derivativesthereof.!Cetyl butyrate, stearyl butyrate, behenylbutyrate,2-methylbutyl caproate, 2-methylpentyl caproate,1-ethylpentyl caproate,2-methylbutyl caprylate, 2-methylpentylcaprylate,2-methylbutyl caprate, 1-methylpentyl caprate, 2-methylpentyl caprate, 2-ethylhexyl caprate,1,1-dimethylpropyl laurate, 2-methylpentyllaurate, 1-ethylhexyl laurate, 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl laurate, 3,7-dimethyloctyllaurate,1-ethylhexyl myristate, 2-ethylhexyl myristate,3,5,5-trimethylhexyl myristate, 3,7-dimethyloctylmyristate,n-butyl palmitate, 1-ethylpropyl palmitate, 1-ethylpentyl palmitate, 1-ethylhexyl palmitate,3,5,5-trimethylhexyl palmitate, 3,7-dimethyloctylpalmitate,1-methylpropyl stearate, 1-ethylpentyl stearate,n-butyl stearate, 3-methylbutyl stearate, n-hexylstearate, 1-methylhexyl stearate, 2-methylhexylstearate, 1-methylheptyl stearate, 1-methyloctylstearate, 3,7-dimethyloctyl stearate, laurylstearate,n-butyl arachate,n-butyl behenate, 1-ethylpropyl behenate, 3-methylbutyl behenate, 2-methylhexyl behenate, 2-ethylhexyl behenate, 1-methylheptyl behenate, 3,7-dimethyloctyl behenate,n-butyl erucate, 3,7-dimethyloctyl erucate,isostearyl erucate,stearyl isostearate, cetyl isostearate,2-methylpentyl 12-hydroxystearate,2-ethylhexyl 18-bromostearate,isostearyl 2-ketomyristate,2-ethylhexyl 2-fluoromyristate,stearyl oleate, behenyl oleate,stearyl linorate, behenyl linorate, etc.Esters 4:�Esters having a .DELTA.T value (melting point - claud point)of 5.degree. C. to 50.degree. C. are disclosed in Japanese PatentPublication No. 4-17154 and are effective to impartcolor-memorizing thermochromic properties exhibitinglarge hysteresis characteristics (e.g., where theshapes of the curves formed by plotting changes incoloring density caused by changes in temperature aredifferent between the case when temperatures arechanged from the low-temperature side to thehigh-temperature side and vice versa, and show a loopwhen both the curves are combined) in regard to thecolor density-temperature curve!.Compound Group (1)Carboxylates containing a substituted aromatic groupin the molecule:Stearyl 2-methyl benzoate,cetyl 4-tert-butyl benzoate,behenyl 4-cyclohexyl benzoate,myristyl 4-phenyl benzoate,lauryl 4-octyl benzoate,hexyl 3,5-dimethyl benzoate,stearyl 3-ethyl benzoate,decyl 4-isopropyl benzoate,stearyl 4-benzoyl benzoate,phenyl 4-tert-butyl benzoate,4-chlorobenzyl 2-methyl benzoate,stearyl 4-chlorobenzoate,myristyl 3-bromobenzoate,stearyl 2-chloro-4-bromobenzoate,decyl 3,4-dichlorobenzoate,octyl 2,4-dibromobenzoate,cetyl 3-nitrobenzoate,cyclohexylmethyl 4-aminobenzoate,cetyl 4-diethylaminobenzoate,stearyl 4-anilinobenzoate,decyl 4-methoxybenzoate,cetyl 4-methoxybenzoate,octyl 4-butoxybenzoate,cetyl 4-hydroxybenzoate,4-methoxyphenylmethyl benzoate,stearyl p-chlorophenyl acetate,cetyl p-chlorophenyl acetate,benzyl salicylate,neopentyl salicylate,4-methoxymethylphenymethyl salicylate,4-chlorophenylmethyl benzoate,4-chlorophenylmethyl caprate,4-methoxyphenylmethyl myristate,4-methylphenylmethyl stearate,4-nitrophenylmethyl stearate,4-methylphenylmethyl caproate,4-chlorophenylmethyl myristate,4-methylphenylmethyl caprate,4-chlorophenylmethyl 11-bromolaurate,4-isopropylphenyl stearate, etc.Compound Group (2)Esters of carboxylic acids containing an unsubstitutedaromatic group with aliphatic alcohols having 10 ormore carbon atoms:Stearyl 1-naphthoate,cetyl benzilate,stearyl benzilate,decyl 3-benzoyl propionate,stearyl benzoate,cetyl benzoate,myristyl benzoate, etc.Compound Group (3)Carboxylates containing a cycloalkyl group in themolecule:Cyclohexylmethyl cinnamate,cyclohexyl laurate,cyclohexyl myristate,cyclohexyl palmitate,cyclohexylmethyl stearate,cyclohexylethyl stearate,stearyl cyclohexylethyl acetate,stearyl 2-cyclohexyl propionate,stearyl 2-cyclohexane carboxylate,cyclohexyl 2-penzoyl propionate, etc.Compound Group (4)Esters of fatty acids having 6 or more carbon atomswith unsubstituted aromatic alcohols or phenols:Benzyl caproate,benzyl palmitate,3-phenylpropyl stearate,phenyl 11-bromolaurate, etc.Compound Group (5)Esters of fatty acids having 8 or more carbon atomswith branched aliphatic alcohols:Neopentyl octylate,neopentyl laurate, etc.Compound Group (6)Diesters of carboxylic acids with aromatic alcohols orbranched aliphatic alcohols:Dibenzyl sebacate,dineopentyl 4,4'-diphenyl carboxylate,dibenzyl azodicarboxylate, etc.Compound Group (7)Other compounds:Benzyl cinnamate, heptyl stearate, didecyladipate, dilauryl adipate, dimyristyl adipate,dicetyl adipate, distearyl adipate, trilaurin,trimyristin, tristearin, dimyristin, distearin,etc.Esters 5:(Fatty acid ester compounds obtained from aliphaticmonohydric alcohols having 9 or more odd-numberedcarbon atoms and aliphatic carboxylic acids havingeven-numbered carbon atoms, and fatty acid estercompounds having 17 to 23 carbon atoms in total,obtained from n-pentyl alcohol or n-heptyl alcohol andaliphatic carboxylic acids having 10 to 16 even-numbered carbon atoms are also effective.)n-Pentadecyl acetate,n-tridecyl butyrate, n-pentadecyl butyrate,n-undecyl caproate, n-tridecyl caproate, n-pentadecyl caproate,n-nonyl caprylate, n-undecyl caprylate, n-tridecyl caprylate, n-pentadecyl caprylate,n-heptyl caprate, n-nonyl caprate, n-undecylcaprate, n-tridecyl caprate, n-pentadecylcaprate,n-pentyl laurate, n-heptyl laurate, n-nonyllaurate, n-undecyl laurate, n-tridecyl laurate, n-pentadecyl laurate,n-pentyl myristate, n-heptyl myristate, n-nonylmyristate, n-undecyl myristate, n-tridecylmyristate, n-pentadecyl myristate,n-pentyl palmitate, n-heptyl palmitate, n-nonylpalmitate, n-undecyl palmitate, n-tridecylpalmitate, n-pentadecyl palmitate,n-nonyl stearate, n-undecyl stearate, n-tridecylstearate, n-pentadecyl stearate,n-nonyl eicosanate, n-undecyl eicosanate, n-tridecyl eicosanate, n-pentadecyl eicosanate,n-nonyl behenate, n-undecyl behenate, n-tridecylbehenate, n-pentadecyl behenate, etc.Ketones:(Aliphatic ketones having 10 or more carbon atoms intotal)2-Decanone, 3-decanone, 4-decanone,2-undecanone, 3-undecanone, 4-undecanone, 5-undecanone,2-dodecanone, 3-dodecanone, 4-dodecanone, 5-dodecanone,2-tridecanone, 3-tridecanone,2-tetradecanone,2-pentadecanone, 8-pentadecanone,2-hexadecanone, 3-hexadecanone,9-heptadecanone, 2-pentadecanone, 2-octadecanone,2-nonadecanone, 10-nonadecanone,2-eicosanone, 11-eicosanone,heneicosanone, 2-docosanone,laurone, stearone, etc.Ethers:(Aliphatic ethers having 10 or more carbon atoms intotal)Dipentyl ether, dihexyl ether, diheptyl ether,dioctyl ether, dinonyl ether, didecyl ether,diundecyl ether, didodecyl ether, ditridecylether, ditetradecyl ether, dipentadecyl ether,dihexadecyl ether, dioctadecyl ether,decanediol dimethyl ether, undecanediol dimethylether, dodecanediol dimethyl ether, tridecanedioldimethyl ether,decanediol diethyl ether, undecanediol diethylether, etc.______________________________________
The component-(d) light-fastness providing agent used in the present invention is exemplified in Table 4 below.
TABLE 4______________________________________Compound groups, and exemplary compounds thereof______________________________________1. Compounds having no substituent in the aromaticring:1,1-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-hexane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-ethylbutane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpentane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-octane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dimethylpentane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-octane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-ethylhexane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-nonane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dimethyloctane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-undecane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-dodecane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-tridecane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-tetradecane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-pentadecane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-hexadecane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-heptadecane,1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-octadecane,2. Compounds having one substituent in the aromaticring:1,1-Bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-hexane,1,1-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-ethylbutane,1,1-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpentane,1,1-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-octane,1,1-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-ethylhexane,1,1-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dimethyloctane,1,1-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-dodecane,1,1-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-tetradecane,1,1-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-hexadecane,1,1-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-octadecane,1,1-bis(3-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3-n-propyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3-isopropyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3-n-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3-sec-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3-isobutyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3-iodo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(2-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(2-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(2-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane, etc.3. Compounds having two substituents in the aromaticring:1,1-Bis(2,3-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3,5-di-sec-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane, etc.4. Compounds having three substituents in the aromaticring:1,1-Bis(2,3,5-trimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane,1,1-bis(2,3,6-trimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane, etc.______________________________________
The component-(e) light stabilizer used in the present invention is exemplified in Table 5 below.
TABLE 5______________________________________Compound groups, and exemplary compounds thereof______________________________________Benzophenone type ultraviolet absorbers:2,4-dihydroxydibenzophenone,2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone,2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone,2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone,2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid,2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone,bis-(2-methoxy-4-hydroxy-5-benzoylphenyl)methane,2-(2'-hydroxy-3'5'-di-t-amylphenyl)-benzophenone,2-hydroxy-4-octadecyloxybenzophenone,2-hydroxy-4-n-dodecyloxybenzophenone,2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, and2-hydroxy-4-benzyloxybenzophenone.Salicylic acid type ultraviolet absorbers:2,4-di-t-butylphenyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate,phenyl salicylate,4-t-butylphenyl salicylate,4-t-octylphenyl salicylate, andresorcinol monobenzoate.Cyanoacrylate type ultraviolet absorbers:ethyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl acrylate, and2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl acrylateBenzotriazole type ultraviolet absorbers:2-(5-t-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-benzotriazole,2-(5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-benzotriazole,2-�2-hydroxy-3,5-bis(a,a-dimenthylbenzyl)phenyl!-2H-benzotriazole,2-(3,5-di-t-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-benzotriazole,2-(3-t-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole,2-(3,5-di-t-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole,2-(3,5-di-t-amyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole,a condensate of methyl-3-�3-t-butyl-5-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl! propionatewith polyethylene glycol having a molecularweight of 300,2-(3-t-dodecyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-benzotriazole,a condensate of methyl-3-�3-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl! propionate withpolyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of300,2-(3-t-butyl-5-propyloxycarbonylethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole,2-�2-hydroxyphenyl-3,5-di-(1,1'-dimethylbenzyl)phenyl!-2H-benzotriazole,2-(2-hydroxy-5-t-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole,2-(3-t-butyl-5-octyloxycarbonylethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-benzotriazole,2-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole,2-�2'-hydroxy-3'-(3",4",5",6"-tetrahydrophthalimidomethyl)-5'-methylphenyl!-benzotriazole, and2-(2-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl)-benzotriazole.Oxalic anilide type ultraviolet absorbers:ethanediamido-N-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-N'-(4-isododecylphenyl, and2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-20-(.beta.-lauryloxycarbonyl)-ethyl-7-oxa-3,20-diazadispiro(5,1,11,2)heneicosan-21-one.Hindered amine type antioxidants:dimethyl succinate �1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine! polycondensate,poly�{(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)imino}{6-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)imino-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl}{(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)imino}hexamethylene!,bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl 2-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-n-butylmalonate,N,N'-bis(3-aminopropyl)ethylenediamine-2,4-bis�N-butyl-N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)amino!-6-chlorol,3,5-triazine condensatebis-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate,4-benzoyloxy-2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine.bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate,1-�2-{3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyloxy}ethyl!-4-{3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyloxy}-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, and8-acetyl-3-dodecyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro(4,5)decane-2,4-dione.Phenol type antioxidants:2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol,a mixture of 2-t-butyl-4-methylphenol with 3-t-butyl-4-methylphenol,2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol,octadecyl-3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate,2,2-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol),4,4-thiobis(3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol),2,2-thiobis(4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol),4,4-butylidenebis(3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol),3,9-bis�1,1-dimethyl-2-{.beta.-3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionyloxy}ethyl!-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane,1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl)butane,1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene,tetrakis�methylene-3-(3',5'-di-t-hydroxyphenyl)propionate!-methane,2,2-ethylenebis(4,6-di-t-butylphenol),bis�3,3'-bis-(4'-hydroxy-3'-t-butylphenyl)butyricacid! glycol ester,1,3,5-tris(3',5'-di-t-butyl-4'-hydroxybenzyl)-S-triazine-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)trione,tocopherol,1,3,5-tris(4-t-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl) isocyanurate,pentaerithritoltetrakis(3-laurylthiopropionate),triethylene glycol-bis�3-(3-t-butyl-5-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate!,1,6-hexanediol-bis�3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate!,2,2-thioethylenebis�3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate!,N,N'-hexamethylenebis(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-hydroxycinnamide),tris-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate,polymerized-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-hydroquinone,styrenated phenol2,5-di-t-butylhydroquinone,2,4-bis-(n-octylthio)-6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylanilino)-1,3,5-triazine, andoctylated diphenylamine.Sulfur type antioxidants:dilauryl 3,3'-thiodipripionate,dimyristyl 3,3'-thiodipropionate,distearyl 3,3'-thiodipripionate, andstearyl thiopropylamide.Phosphorus type antioxidants:tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite,bis(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)pentaerythritoldiphosphite,3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzylphosphonate-diethyl ester,triphenyl phosphite,diphenylisodecyl phosphite,phenyldiisodecyl phosphite,4,4'-butylidene-bis(3-methyl-6-t-butylphenylditridecyl) phosphite,octadecyl phosphite,tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite,9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide,10-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide,10-decyloxy-9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene,cyclic neopentatetraylbis(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite,cyclic neopentatetraylbis(2,6'-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenyl) phosphite, and2,2-methylenebis(4,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenyl)octyl phosphite.Singlet oxygen quenchers:1,4-diazacyclo(2,2,2)octane,.beta.-carotene,1,3-cyclohexadiene,2-diethylaminomethylfuran,2-phenylaminomethylfuran,2-diethylaminomethylanthracene,5-diethylaminomethyl-6-phenyl-3,4-dihydroxypyrane,nickel dimethylthiocarbamate,nickel dibutylthiocarbamate,nickel 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl-phosphoricacid monoethylate,nickel 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl-phosphoricacid monobutylate,�2,2-di-thiobis(4-t-octylphenolato!-(n-butylamine)nickel,�2,2-di-thiobis(4-t-octylphenolato!-(2-ethylhexylamine)nickel,bis�2,2'-thiobis(4-t-octylphenolato!nickel,bis�2,2'-sulfone(4-t-octylphenolato!nickel,bis(dithiobenzyl)nickel, andbis(dithioacetyl)nickel.Super oxide anionic quenchers:complex of super oxide disumtase with cobalt andnickel.Ozone quenchers:4,4'-thiobis{6-t-butyl(6-t-butyl-m-cresol)}2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenol,1,4-diazacyclo(2,2,2)octane,N-phenyl-.beta.-naphthylamine,.alpha.-tocopherol,4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-t-butylphenol)p,p'-diaminophenylmethane,2,2'-methylene-bis(6-t-butyl-p-cresol)N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine,N,N'-diphenylethylenediamine, andN-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine.Visible light ray absorbers, dyes:C.I. Solvent Yellow 19, 21, 61,C.I. Solvent Orange 5, 6,C.I. Solvent Red 8, 24,C.I. Solvent Violet 14, 21,C.I. Solvent Blue 11, 25, andC.I. Solvent Black 5, 125.Visible light ray absorbers, pigments:Color Index Number 10825, 11680, 11725, 11780,12060, 12120, 12490, 12500, 12710, 21090, 21110, 21165,21180, 21205, 45170, 50440, 58055, 69800, 69810, 70600,74160, 74265, 127755.______________________________________
As the ultraviolet rays absorbers, compounds represented by the following Formulas II to X may be used, which desirably have a maximum absorption in the near infrared region of 700 to 2,000 nm and not too great absorption at the visible region of 400 to 70 nm.
Formula II ##STR4## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent an alkyl group; and Me represents Ni, Pd or Pt.
Formula III ##STR5## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent an alkyl group; and Me represents Ni, Pd or Pt.
Formula IV ##STR6## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent an alkyl group; Me represents Ni, Pd or Pt; and X represents C, O or S.
Formula V ##STR7## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent an alkyl group; Me represents Ni, Pd or Pt; and X represents C, O or S.
Formula VI ##STR8## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent an alkyl group; Me represents Ni, Pd or Pt; and X represents a halogen atom or H.
Formula VII ##STR9## wherein R represents H, an alkyl group, a phenyl group, an alkyl- or alkoxy-substituted phenyl group, or a thienyl group; and Me represents Ni, Pd or Pt.
Formula VIII ##STR10## wherein R represents an alkyl group; and X represents as an anion a perchlorate, a fluoroborate, a trichloroacetate, a trifluoroacetate, a picrate, a hexafluoroarsenate, a hexachlroantimonate, a hexafluoroantimonate, a benzenesulfonate, an alkylsulfonate, a phosphate, a sulfate, a chloride or a bromide.
Formula IX ##STR11## wherein R represents an alkyl group; and X represents as an anion a perchlorate, a fluoroborate, a trichloroacetate, a trifluoroacetate, a picrate, a hexafluoroarsenate, a hexachlroantimonate, a hexafluoroantimonate, a benzenesulfonate, an alkylsulfonate, a phosphate, a sulfate, a chloride or a bromide.
Formula X ##STR12## wherein R represents an alkyl group; and X represents as an anion a perchlorate, a fluoroborate, a trichloroacetate, a trifluoroacetate, a picrate, a hexafluoroarsenate, a hexachlroantimonate, a hexafluoroantimonate, a benzenesulfonate, an alkylsulfonate, a phosphate, a sulfate, a chloride or a bromide.
The light-screening pigment which may be used in the present invention in the layer formed of the light stabilizer and the component-(f) metallic luster pigment refers to pigments such as metallic luster pigments, transparent titanium dioxide, transparent iron oxide, transparent cesium oxide and transparent zinc oxide.
The metallic luster pigment may include metallic luster pigments having a particle size of from 5 to 100 .mu.m, comprising natural mica powder whose particle surfaces are coated with titanium oxide. It may more specifically include a golden luster pigment having a particle size of from 5 to 60 .mu.m, comprised of natural mica powder whose particle surfaces are coated with 41 to 44% by weight of titanium oxide; a silvery luster pigment having a particle size of from 5 to 100 .mu.m, comprised of natural mica powder whose particle surfaces are coated with 16 to 39% by weight of titanium oxide; a metallic-colored metal luster pigment having a particle size of from 50 to 60 .mu.m, comprised of natural mica powder whose particle surfaces are coated with 45 to 58% by weight of titanium oxide, the resulting coated particles being further coated with 4 to 10% by weight of iron oxide; and a metallic-colored metal luster pigment having a particle size of from 5 to 60 .mu.m, comprised of natural mica powder whose particle surfaces are coated with 45 to 58% by weight of titanium oxide, the resulting coated particles being further coated with 0.5 to 10% by weight of a non-thermochromic color dye or pigment.
These substances capable of chiefly screening ultraviolet rays may be used in the composition by mixing any of them in an amount of from 0.1 to 40 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the component-(a) compound. Alternatively, or in combination therewith, a layer containing any of these substances in an amount of from 0.1 to 40 parts by weight may be formed superposed on a thermochromic layer formed of the reversible thermochromic composition comprised of the components (a) to (e).
The reversible thermochromic composition according to the present invention may be applied to a substrate in the state in which components (a) to (e) are dispersed in a resin binder.
As the substrate, paper, cloth, metallic products, synthetic resin products, ceramic products, concrete products and so forth.
The components (a) to (e) may preferably be enclosed in microcapsules when used to prepare the composition and the microcapsules can be mixed in resin binder to form homogeneous composition.
EXAMPLES
The present invention will be described below in greater detail. Production of the reversible thermochromic composition is shown first as "Production Examples".
Production Example 1
1.5 parts by weight of 3,3-bis-(2-ethoxy-4-diethylaminophenyl-4-azaphthalide, 5 parts by weight of 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane, 40 parts by weight of cetyl caprate, 10 parts by weight of decyl myristate, 3 parts by weight of 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-decane and 5 parts by weight of 2-(3-t-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole were heated and dissolved at 120 to form a homogeneous mixture (mutual solution), which was then mixed in a mixture solution of 10 parts by weight of EPON 828 (trade name; an epoxy resin available from Yuka Shell Epoxy Kabushiki Kaisha). Thereafter, the mixture obtained was dropwise added to 100 parts by weight of an aqueous 10% gelatin solution, followed by stirring so as to form minute droplets. A solution separately prepared by dissolving 5 parts by weight of a curing agent EPICURE U (trade name; an amine adduct of epoxy resin available from Yuka Shell Epoxy Kabushiki Kaisha) in 45 parts by weight of water was added little by little in the above solution being stirred. While keeping the liquid temperature at 80.degree. C., the stirring was continued for about 5 hours to obtain a microcapsular material solution. This material solution was centrifuged to obtain a reversible thermochromic composition, Composition No. 1, capable of varying in color between blusish green and colorless, having a water content of about 40% by weight.
Production Examples 2 to 35
The procedure of Production Example 1 was repeated to obtain reversible thermochromic compositions, Compositions Nos. 2 to 35, except that the combination of the components (a) to (e) were changed as shown in Tables 6 to 13.
Composition and color variation (metachromatism) of these reversible thermochromic compositions Nos. 1 to 35 are shown in Tables 6 to 13.
(Tables 6-13)
In Tables 6 to 13, mixing proportions are indicated as part(s) by weight.
Compositions Nos. 1 to 25 are compositions used in the present invention. Compositions Nos. 26 to 35 are compositions used as Comparative Examples.
Light-fastness of the reversible thermochromic compositions used in the present invention will be demonstrated below.
Example 1
10 parts by weight of the reversible thermochromic composition obtained in Production Example 1, 45 parts by weight of a xylene solution of acrylic resin (resin solid matter: 50%), 20 parts by weight of xylene and 20 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone were uniformly mixed with stirring, and the mixture obtained was spray-coated on a white vinyl chloride sheet by means of a spray gun to provide thereon a reversible thermochromic layer of about 40 .mu.m thick. The spray-coated products thus obtained were used as a light-fastness test sample of Example 1.
Light-fastness tests made using this construction are indicated herein as Type 1.
Examples 2 to 15
The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the reversible thermochromic composition was replaced with the compositions as shown in Table 14 thus provoding Examples 2 to 15.
Comparative Example 1
10 parts by weight of the reversible thermochromic composition obtained in Production Example 26, 45 parts by weight of a xylene solution of acrylic resin (resin solid matter: 50%), 20 parts by weight of xylene and 20 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone were uniformly mixed with stirring, and the mixture obtained was spray-coated on a white vinyl chloride sheet by means of a spray gun to provide thereon a reversible thermochromic layer of about 40 .mu.m thick. The spray-coated products thus obtained were used as Comparative Example 1.
Comparative Examples 2 and 3
The procedure of Comparative Example 1 was repeated except that the reversible thermochromic composition was replaced with the compositions as shown in Table 14 thus providing Comparative Examples 2 and 3.
(Table 14)
Example 16
A mixture prepared by uniformly mixing with stirring, stated parts by weight of a light stabilizer, 45 parts by weight of a xylene solution of acrylic resin (resin solid matter: 50%), 20 parts by weight of xylene and 20 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone was spray-coated by means of a spray gun on the surface of a reversible thermochromic layer formed in the same manner as in Example 1 using the reversible thermochromic composition obtained in Production Example 1, to obtain a spray-coated product having a double layer, multi-layer construction provided with a light-stabilizer layer of about 35 .mu.m thick, which was used as a test sample in Example 16.
Light-fastness tests made under this constitution are herein indicated as Type 2.
Examples 17 to 40
The procedure of Example 16 was repeated except that the reversible thermochromic composition was replaced with the compositions as shown in Tables 15 to 18 thus providing Examples 17 to 40.
Comparative Example 4
The procedure of Example 16 was repeated except that the reversible thermochromic composition was replaced with the composition obtained in Production Example 26. The product obtained was used as Comparative Example 4.
Comparative Examples 5 to 13
The procedure of Comparative Example 4 was repeated except that the reversible thermochromic composition was replaced with the compositions as shown in Tables 17 and 18. The product obtained was used as Comparative Examples 5 to 13.
(Tables 15-18)
Example 41
A mixture prepared by uniformly mixing with stirring, 10 parts by weight of a light- screening pigment as a metallic luster pigment, stated parts by weight of a light stabilizer, 45 parts by weight of a xylene solution of acrylic resin (resin solid matter: 50%), 20 parts by weight of xylene and 20 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone was spray- coated by means of a spray gun on the surface of a reversible thermochromic layer formed in the same manner as in Example 1 using the reversible thermochromic composition obtained in Production Example 1, to form a joint layer of about 35 .mu.m thick.
A mixture prepared by uniformly mixing with stirring, stated parts by weight of a light stabilizer, 45 parts by weight of a xylene solution of acrylic resin (resin solid matter: 50%), 20 parts by weight of xylene and 20 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone was further spray-coated by means of a spray gun on the surface of the joint layer to form a light-stabilizer layer of about 35 .mu.m thick. Thus, a spray-coated product having a triple layer, multi-layer construction was obtained, which was used as a test sample of Example 1.
Light-fastness tests made under this constitution are herein indicated as Type 3.
Examples 42 to 52
The procedure of Example 41 was repeated except that the reversible thermochromic composition was replaced with the compositions as shown in Tables 19 and 20 providing the test samples of Examples 42 to 52.
Comparative Example 14
The procedure of Example 41 was repeated except that the reversible thermochromic composition was replaced with the composition obtained in Production Example 26. The product obtained was used as a test sample of Comparative Example 14.
Comparative Example 15
The procedure of Example 41 was repeated except that the reversible thermochromic composition was replaced with the composition obtained in Production Example 28. The product obtained was used as a test sample of Comparative Example 15.
(Tables 19-20)
In the tables, light-screening pigments IRIODIN 225 and IRIODIN 235 are trade names for pearly luster pigments available from Merck Japan Limited, which are used as metallic luster pigments.
Results of the light-fastness test are shown below.
The light-fastness test for Examples 1 to 52 and Comparative Examples 1 to 15 is a test for examining light-fastness to carbon arc lamps. The carbon arc lamp light-fastness test was made according to a standard of JIS L-0842. As a carbon arc lamp light-fastness test machine, FA-1, manufactured by Suga Shikenki K.K., was used.
With regard to carbon arc lamp exposure time, in Examples 1 to 15 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, test sample pieces were prepared for each exposure time at five points of 10 hour exposure, 20 hour exposure, 30 hour exposure, 40 hour exposure and 50 hour exposure.
In Examples 16 to 37 and Comparative Examples 4 to 10, test sample pieces were prepared for each exposure time at five points of 40 hour exposure, 60 hour exposure, 80 hour exposure, 100 hour exposure and 120 hour exposure; and in Examples 38 to 40 and Comparative Examples 11 to 13, at five points of 100 hour exposure, 140 hour exposure, 180 hour exposure, 220 hour exposure and 260 hour exposure.
In Examples 41 to 43 and Comparative Example 14, test sample pieces were prepared for each exposure time at six points of 40 hour exposure, 60 hour exposure, 80 hour exposure, 100 hour exposure, 120 hour exposure and 140 hour exposure.
In Examples 44 to 52 and Comparative Example 15, test sample pieces were prepared for each exposure time at six points of 80 hour exposure, 100 hour exposure, 120 hour exposure, 140 hour exposure, 160 hour exposure and 180 hour exposure.
The results of the light-fastness test are shown together in Tables 14 to 20.
As is seen from the test results shown in Tables 14 to 20, the reversible thermochromic compositions of Examples according to the present invention show a higher color forming density (coloring density) after their exposure to light in the color-extinguished state, and are seen to have a superior light-fastness at the time of color extinguishment.
Coloring density attenuation of Examples and that of Comparative Examples having the composition from which the component (d) is removed are graphically shown in the accompanying drawings, FIGS. 1 to 18. FIGS. 1 to 18 graphically represent the test results in Examples and Comparative Examples.
Straight lines in FIG. 1 indicate the results of Examples 3, 2 and 1 in this order from the top, and the line at the lowest part, Comparative Example 1. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
Straight lines in FIG. 2 indicate the results of Examples 6, 5 and 4 in this order from the top, and the line at the lowest part, Comparative Example 2. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
Straight lines in FIG. 3 indicate the results of Examples 9, 10, 12, 8, 7 and 11 in this order from the top, and the line at the lowest part, Comparative Example 2. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
Straight lines in FIG. 4 indicate the results of Examples 15, 14 and 13 in this order from the top, and the line at the lowest part, Comparative Example 3. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
Straight lines in FIG. 5 indicate the results of Examples 18, 17 and 16 in this order from the top, and the line at the lowest part, Comparative Example 4. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
Straight lines in FIG. 6 indicate the results of Examples 22, 21, 20 and 19 in this order from the top, and the line at the lowest part, Comparative Example 5. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
Straight lines in FIG. 7 indicate the results of Examples 25, 24 and 23 in this order from the top, and the line at the lowest part, Comparative Example 6. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
Straight lines in FIG. 8 indicate the results of Examples 28, 31, 29, 27, 30 and 26 in this order from the top, and the line at the lowest part, Comparative Example 6. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
Straight lines in FIG. 9 indicate the results of Examples 34, 33 and 32 in this order from the top, and the line at the lowest part, Comparative Example 7. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
An upper straight line in FIG. 10 indicates the results of Example 35, and the lower line, Comparative Example 8. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
An upper straight line in FIG. 11 indicates the results of Example 36, and the lower line, Comparative Example 9. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
An upper straight line in FIG. 12 indicates the results of Example 37, and the lower line, Comparative Example 10. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
An upper straight line in FIG. 13 indicates the results of Example 38, and the lower line, Comparative Example 11. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
An upper straight line in FIG. 14 indicates the results of Example 39, and the lower line, Comparative Example 12. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
An upper straight line in FIG. 15 indicates the results of Example 40, and the lower line, Comparative Example 13. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
Straight lines in FIG. 16 indicate the results of Examples 43, 42 and 41 in this order from the top, and the line at the lowest part, Comparative Example 14. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
Straight lines in FIG. 17 indicate the results of Examples 46, 45 and 44 in this order from the top, and the line at the lowest part, Comparative Example 15. As is seen from the graphs, the present invention brings about a superior light-fastness.
Straight lines in FIG. 18 indicate the results of Examples 49, 48, 50, 52, 47 and 51 in this order from the top, and the line at the lowest part, Comparative Example 15. Examples according to the present invention show a very superior light-fastness.
As described above, the present invention employs the specific light-fastness providing agent and the light-stabilizer layer in combination, and hence can be effective for improving light-fastness of reversible thermochromic compositions at the time of color extinguishment and maintaining reversible thermochromic properties over a long period of time.
TABLE 6__________________________________________________________________________ Component (a) Component (d)Com- Electron Component (b) Component (c) Light- Color variationposi- donating, Electron Metachromatic fastness Component (e) Develpd. .rarw..fwdarw. Extingd.tion color forming accepting temperature providing Light- MetachromaticNo. organic comp. organic comp. adjuster agent stabilizer temperature__________________________________________________________________________1 3,3-bis-(2- 2,2-bis-(4- cetyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- bluish green .rarw..fwdarw. colorless ethoxy-4- hydroxyphen- caprate/ hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (20.degree. C.) diethylamino- yl)-propane decyl phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- phenyl)-4- (5) myristate decane yl)-5-chloro- azaphthalide (40/10) (3) benzotriazole (1.5) (5)2 3,3-bis-(2- 2,2-bis-(4- cetyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- bluish green .rarw..fwdarw. colorless ethoxy-4- hydroxyphen- caprate/ hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (20.degree. C.) diethylamino- yl)-propane decyl phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- phenyl)-4- (3) myristate decane yl)-5-chloro- azaphthalide (40/10) (5) benzotriazole (1.5) (5)3 3,3-bis-(2- 2,2-bis-(4- cetyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- bluish green .rarw..fwdarw. colorless ethoxy-4- hydroxyphen- caprate/ hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (20.degree. C.) diethylamino- yl)-propane decyl phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- phenyl)-4- (0) myristate decane yl)-5-chloro- azaphthalide (40/10) (8) benzotriazole (1.5) (5)4 2-(2-chloro- 1,1-bis-(4- hexadecyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- black .rarw..fwdarw. colorless anilino)-6- hydroxyphen- alcohol/ hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (30.degree. C.) di-n-butyl- yl)-ethane stearyl phenyl)-n- hydroxyphenyl)- aminofluoran (6) caprate dodecane 5-chloro- (4) (25/25) (6) benzotriazole/ bis(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) sebacate (5/1)5 2-(2-chloro- 1,1-bis-(4- hexadecyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- black .rarw..fwdarw. colorless anilino)-6- hydroxyphen- alcohol/ hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (30.degree. C.) di-n-butyl- yl)-ethane stearyl phenyl)-n- hydroxyphenyl)- aminofluoran (4) caprate dodecane 5-chloro- (4) (25/25) (8) benzotriazole/ bis(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) sebacate (5/1)6 2-(2-chloro- 1,1-bis-(4- hexadecyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- black .rarw..fwdarw. colorless anilino)-6- hydroxyphen- alcohol/ hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (30.degree. C.) di-n-butyl- yl)-ethane stearyl phenyl)-n- hydroxyphenyl)- aminofluoran (2) caprate dodecane 5-chloro- (4) (25/25) (10) benzotriazole/ bis(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) sebacate (5/1)7 2-(2-chloro- 1,1-bis-(4- hexadecyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- black .rarw..fwdarw. colorless anilino)-6- hydroxyphen- alcohol/ hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (30.degree. C.) di-n-butyl- yl)-ethane stearyl phenyl)-n- hydroxyphenyl)- aminofluoran (0) caprate dodecane 5-chloro- (4) (25/25) (12) benzotriazole/ bis(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) sebacate (5/1)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 7__________________________________________________________________________ Component (a) Component (d)Com- Electron Component (b) Component (c) Light- Color variationposi- donating, Electron Metachromatic fastness Component (e) Develpd. .rarw..fwdarw. Extingd.tion color forming accepting temperature providing Light- MetachromaticNo. organic comp. organic comp. adjuster agent stabilizer temperature__________________________________________________________________________ 8 3-(2-ethoxy- 4,4'- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorless 4-N-ethyl- methylene- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 33.degree. C.) anilino)-3- bisphenol (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- (1-ethyl-2- (2) octane yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- (6) benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (2) piperidyl) sebacate (3/1) 9 3-(2-ethoxy- 4,4'- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorless 4-N-ethyl- methylene- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 33.degree. C.) anilino)-3- bisphenol (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- (1-ethyl-2- (2) decane yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- (6) benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (2) piperidyl) sebacate (3/1)10 3-(2-ethoxy- 4,4'- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorless 4-N-ethyl- methylene- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 33.degree. C.) anilino)-3- bisphenol (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- (1-ethyl-2- (2) dodecane yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- (6) benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (2) piperidyl) sebacate (3/1)11 3-(2-ethoxy- -- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorless 4-N-ethyl- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 33.degree. C.) anilino)-3- (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- (1-ethyl-2- octane yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- (6) benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (2) piperidyl) sebacate (3/1)12 3-(2-ethoxy- -- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorless 4-N-ethyl- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 33.degree. C.) anilino)-3- (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- (1-ethyl-2- decane yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- (6) benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (2) piperidyl) sebacate (3/1)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 8__________________________________________________________________________ Component (a) Component (d)Com- Electron Component (b) Component (c) Light- Color variationposi- donating, Electron Metachromatic fastness Component (e) Develpd. .rarw..fwdarw. Extingd.tion color forming accepting temperature providing Light- MetachromaticNo. Organic comp. organic comp. adjuster agent stabilizer temperature__________________________________________________________________________13 3-(2-ethoxy- -- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorles 4-N-ethyl- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 30.degree. C.) anilino)-3- (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- (1-ethyl-2- dodecane yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- (6) benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (2) piperidyl) sebacate (3/1)14 3-(2-ethoxy- -- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorles 4-N-ethyl- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 30.degree. C.) anilino)-3- (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- (1-ethyl-2- tetradecane yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- (6) benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (2) piperidyl) sebacate (3/1)15 3-(2-ethoxy- -- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorles 4-N-ethyl- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 30.degree. C.) anilino)-3- (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- (1-ethyl-2- hexadecane yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- (6) benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (2) piperidyl) sebacate (3/1)16 3-(2-ethoxy- -- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(3- 2-(3-t-butyl- blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorles 4-N-ethyl- stearate methyl-4- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 30.degree. C.) anilino)-3- (50) hydroxy- hydroxyphen- (1-ethyl-2- phenyl)-n- yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- decane benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- (6) bis(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (2) piperidyl) sebacate (3/1)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 9__________________________________________________________________________ Component (a) Component (d)Com- Electron Component (b) Component (c) Light- Color variationposi- donating, Electron Metachromatic fastness Component (e) Develpd. .rarw..fwdarw. Extingd.tion color forming accepting temperature providing Light- MetachromaticNo. organic comp. organic comp. adjuster agent stabilizer temperature__________________________________________________________________________17 3-(2-ethoxy- -- 8-penta- 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- dark blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorless 4 4-diethyl- decane hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (7.degree. C. 29.degree. C.) aminophenyl)- (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- 3-(1-ethyl-2- ethylhexane yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- (6) benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis-(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (0.5) piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)18 3-(2-ethoxy- -- 8-penta- 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- dark blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorless 1 4-diethyl- decane hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (7.degree. C. 29.degree. C.) aminophenyl)- (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- 3-(1-ethyl-2- ethylhexane yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- (10) benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis-(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (0.5) piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)19 3-(2-ethoxy- -- 8-penta- 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- dark blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorless 1 4-diethyl- decane hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (7.degree. C. 29.degree. C.) aminophenyl)- (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- 3-(1-ethyl-2- ethylhexane yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- (15) benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis-(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (0.5) piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)20 2-(N-methyl- -- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- dark green .rarw..fwdarw. colorless . anilino)-6- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 30.degree. C.) (N-ethyl-N- (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- p-tolylamino) dodecane (6) yl)-5-chloro- fluoran benzotriazole/ (4) bis-(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)21 3,3-bis(1-n- -- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- purplish red .rarw..fwdarw. colorless butyl-2-methyl- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 30.degree. C.) indol-3-yl) (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- phthalide dodecane (6) yl)-5-chloro- (2) benzotriazole/ bis-(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 10__________________________________________________________________________ Component (a) Component (d)Com- Electron Component (b) Component (c) Light- Color variationposi- donating, Electron Metachromatic fastness Component (e) Develpd. .rarw..fwdarw. Extingd.tion color forming accepting temperature providing Light- MetachromaticNo. organic comp. organic comp. adjuster agent stabilizer temperature__________________________________________________________________________22 2-(2-octoxy- -- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- yellow .rarw..fwdarw. colorless phenyl)-4- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 30.degree. C.) (4-dimethyl- (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- aminophenyl)- dodcane yl)-5-chloro- 6-phenyl- (10) benzotriazole/ pyridine bis-(1,2,2,6,6- (3) pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)23 1,3-dimethyl- -- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- orange .rarw..fwdarw. colorless 6-diethyl- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 30.degree. C.) aminofluoran (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- (2) dodcane yl)-5-chloro- (6) benzotriazole/ bis-(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)24 2-chloro-3- -- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- vermilion .rarw..fwdarw. colorless methyl-6- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (10.degree. C. 29.degree. C.) diethyl- (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- aminofluoran dodcane yl)-5-chloro- (2) (6) benzotriazole/ bis-(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)25 1,2-benz-6- -- neopentyl 1,1-bis-(4- 2-(3-t-butyl- pink .rarw..fwdarw. colorless (N-ethyl-N- stearate hydroxy- 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 30.degree. C.) isobutyl- (50) phenyl)-n- hydroxyphen- amino)fluoran dodcane yl)-5-chloro- (2) (6) benzotriazole/ bis-(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 11__________________________________________________________________________ Component (a) Component (d)Com- Electron Component (b) Component (c) Light- Color variationposi- donating, Electron Metachromatic fastness Component (e) Develpd. .rarw..fwdarw. Extingd.tion color forming accepting temperature providing Light- MetachromaticNo. organic comp. organic comp. adjuster agent stabilizer temperature__________________________________________________________________________26 3,3-bis-(2- 2,2-bis-(4- cetyl -- 2-(3-t-butyl- bluish green .rarw..fwdarw. colorless ethoxy-4- hydroxyphen- caprate/ 5-methyl-2- (20.degree. C.) diethylamino- yl)-propane decyl hydroxyphen- phenyl)-4- (8) myristate yl)-5-chloro- azaphthalide (40/10) benzotriazole (1.5) (5)27 2-(2-chloro- 1,1-bis-(4- hexadecyl -- 2-(3-t-butyl- black .rarw..fwdarw. colorless anilino)-6- hydroxyphen- alcohol/ 5-methyl-2- (30.degree. C.) di-n-butyl- yl)-ethane stearyl hydroxyphenyl)- aminofluoran (12) caprate 5-chloro- (4) (25/25) benzotriazole/ bis(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) sebacate (5/1)28 3-(2-ethoxy- 4,4'- neopentyl -- 2-(3-t-butyl- blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorless 4-N-ethyl- methylene- stearate 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 33.degree. C.) anilino)-3- bisphenol (50) hydroxyphenyl)- (1-ethyl-2- (8) 5-chloro- methylindol- benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (2) piperidyl) sebacate (5/1)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 12__________________________________________________________________________ Component (a) Component (d)Com- Electron Component (b) Component (c) Light- Color variationposi- donating, Electron Metachromatic fastness Component (e) Develpd. .rarw..fwdarw. Extingd.tion color forming accepting temperature providing Light- MetachromaticNo. organic comp. organic comp. adjuster agent stabilizer temperature__________________________________________________________________________29 3-(2-ethoxy- 2,2-bis-(4- 8-penta- -- 2-(3-t-butyl- dark blue .rarw..fwdarw. colorless 4-diethyl- hydroxy- decane 5-methyl-2- (7.degree. C. 29.degree. C.) aminophenyl)- phenyl)- (50) hydroxyphen- 3-(2-ethyl-2- propane yl)-5-chloro- methylindol- (6) benzotriazole/ 3-yl)-4- bis-(1,2,2,6,6- azaphthalide pentamethyl-4- (0.5) piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)30 2-(N-methyl- 2,2-bis-(4- neopentyl -- 2-(3-t-butyl- dark green .rarw..fwdarw. colorless anilino)-6- hydroxy- stearate 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 33.degree. C.) (N-ethyl-N- phenyl)- (50) hydroxyphen- p-tolylamino) propane yl)-5-chloro- fluoran (6) benzotriazole/ (4) bis-(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)31 3,3-bis(1-n- 2,2-bis-(4- neopentyl -- 2-(3-t-butyl- purplish red .rarw..fwdarw. colorless butyl-2-methyl- hydroxy- stearate 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 33.degree. C.) indol-3-yl) phenyl)- (50) hydroxyphen- phthalide propane yl)-5-chloro- (2) (6) benzotriazole/ bis-(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 13__________________________________________________________________________ Component (a) Component (d)Com- Electron Component (b) Component (c) Light- Color variationposi- donating, Electron Metachromatic fastness Component (e) Develpd. .rarw..fwdarw. Extingd.tion color forming accepting temperature providing Light- MetachromaticNo. organic comp. organic comp. adjuster agent stabilizer temperature__________________________________________________________________________32 2-(2-octoxy- 2,2-bis-(4- neopentyl -- 2-(3-t-butyl- yellow .rarw..fwdarw. colorless phenyl)-4- hydroxy- stearate 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 33.degree. C.) (4-dimethyl- phenyl)- (50) hydroyxphen- aminophenyl)- propane yl)-5-chloro- 6-phenyl- (10) benzotriazole/ pyridine bis-(1,2,2,6,6- (3) pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)33 1,3-dimethyl- 2,2-bis-(4- neopentyl -- 2-(3-t-butyl- orange .rarw..fwdarw. colorless 6-diethyl- hydroxy- stearate 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 33.degree. C.) aminofluoran phenyl)- (50) hydroyxphen- (2) propane yl)-5-chloro- (6) benzotriazole/ bis-(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)34 2-chloro-3- 2,2-bis-(4- neopentyl -- 2-(3-t-butyl- vermilion .rarw..fwdarw. colorless methyl-6- hydroxy- stearate 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 33.degree. C.) diethyl- phenyl)- (50) hydroyxphen- aminofluoran propane yl)-5-chloro- (2) (6) benzotriazole/ bis-(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)35 1,2-benz-6- 2,2-bis-(4- neopentyl -- 2-(3-t-butyl- pink .rarw..fwdarw. colorless (N-ethyl-N- hydroxy- stearate 5-methyl-2- (14.degree. C. 33.degree. C.) isobutyl- phenyl)- (50) hydroyxphen- amino)fluoran propane yl)-5-chloro- (2) (6) benzotriazole/ bis-(1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4- piperidyl) 2-(3,5-di-t- butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2-n- butylmalonate (3/1)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 14__________________________________________________________________________ State of Carbon arc lamp light-fastness test resultsExam- Compo- light = (coloring density retention)ple sition Type of light = fastness Exposure timeNo. No. fastness test test sample None 10 hrs 20 hrs 30 hrs 40 hrs 50 hrs__________________________________________________________________________ 1 1 1 Color = 100% 94% 88% 79% 70% 60% extinguished state 2 2 1 Color = 100% 95% 90% 86% 78% 68% extinguished state 3 3 1 Color = 100% 98% 95% 90% 85% 75% extinguished state 4 8 1 Color = 100% 95% 92% 87% 82% 76% extinguished state 5 9 1 Color = 100% 97% 94% 91% 88% 78% extinguished state 6 10 1 Color = 100% 98% 96% 93% 90% 80% extinguished state 7 11 1 Color = 100% 98% 94% 87% 83% 77% extinguished state 8 12 1 Color = 100% 99% 97% 90% 84% 80% extinguished state 9 13 1 Color = 100% 100% 99% 96% 92% 88% extinguished state10 14 1 Color = 100% 100% 98% 95% 90% 87% extinguished state11 15 1 Color = 100% 97% 92% 88% 82% 74% extinguished state12 16 1 Color = 100% 98% 97% 92% 86% 83% extinguished state13 17 1 Color = 100% 98% 95% 92% 88% 81% extinguished state14 18 1 Color = 100% 98% 96% 94% 91% 87% extinguished state15 19 1 Color = 100% 99% 98% 95% 92% 89% extinguished stateComparative Example: 1 26 1 Color = 100% 97% 88% 68% 51% 35% extinguished state 2 28 1 Color = 100% 94% 85% 72% 60% 51% extinguished state 3 29 1 Color = 100% 95% 91% 74% 62% 53% extinguished state__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 15__________________________________________________________________________ Com- State of Carbon arc lamp light-fastness testExam- posi- light = Light stabilizer results (coloring density retention)ple tion Test fastness in light = Exposure timeNo. No. type test sample stabilizer layer None 40 hrs 60 hrs 80 hrs 100 hrs 120 hrs__________________________________________________________________________16 1 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 96% 90% 79% 71% 60% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)17 2 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 98% 93% 86% 76% 68% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)18 3 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 100% 99% 89% 80% 70% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)19 4 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 98% 96% 95% 92% 82% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)20 5 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 98% 97% 96% 94% 85% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)21 6 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 100% 99% 97% 95% 88% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)22 7 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 100% 99% 99% 97% 90% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)23 8 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 96% 92% 86% 82% 75% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)24 9 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 97% 94% 90% 88% 81% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)25 10 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 98% 96% 92% 89% 83% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)26 11 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 99% 96% 93% 89% 85% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)27 12 2 Color .ltoreq. 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 100% 99% 97% 95% 92% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 16__________________________________________________________________________ Com- State of Carbon arc lamp light-fastness testExam- posi- light = Light stabilizer results (coloring density retention)ple tion Test fastness in light = Exposure timeNo. No. type test sample stabilizer layer None 40 hrs 60 hrs 80 hrs 100 hrs 120 hrs__________________________________________________________________________28 13 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 100% 100% 99% 97% 95% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)29 14 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 100% 98% 97% 95% 93% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)30 15 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 98% 95% 93% 90% 86% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)31 16 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 100% 98% 97% 96% 93% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)32 17 2 Color = 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 100% 95% 91% 87% 85% 82% extinguished octyloxycarbonyl- state ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)- benzotriazole (5.0)33 18 2 Color = 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 100% 97% 94% 91% 88% 86% extinguished octyloxycarbonyl- state ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)- benzotriazole (5.0)34 19 2 Color = 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 100% 99% 98% 94% 92% 90% extinguished octyloxycarbonyl- state ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)- benzotriazole (5.0)35 20 2 Color = 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 100% 99% 96% 91% 85% 79% extinguished octyloxycarbonyl- state ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)- benzotriazole (5.0)36 21 2 Color = 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 100% 90% 82% 78% 71% 65% extinguished octyloxycarbonyl- state ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)- benzotriazole (5.0)37 22 2 Color = 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 100% 88% 80% 75% 70% 62% extinguished octyloxycarbonyl- state ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)- benzotriazole (5.0)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 17__________________________________________________________________________ Com- State of Carbon arc lamp light-fastness testExam- posi- light = Light stabilizer results (coloring density retention)ple tion Test fastness in light = Exposure timeNo. No. type test sample stabilizer layer None 40 hrs 60 hrs 80 hrs 100 hrs 120 hrs__________________________________________________________________________Comparative Example:4 26 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 96% 82% 60% 52% 40% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)5 27 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 97% 95% 90% 84% 76% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)6 28 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 96% 92% 69% 37% 25% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)7 29 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 97% 85% 70% 35% 20% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)8 30 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 96% 93% 87% 74% 60% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)9 31 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 88% 75% 60% 40% 30% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)10 32 2 Color = 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- 100% 85% 73% 64% 55% 45% extinguished 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state benzotriazole (3.5)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 18__________________________________________________________________________ Com- State of Carbon arc lamp light-fastness testExam- posi- light = Light stabilizer results (coloring density retention)ple tion Test fastness in light = Exposure timeNo. No. type test sample stabilizer layer None 40 hrs 60 hrs 80 hrs 100 hrs 120 hrs__________________________________________________________________________38 23 2 Color = 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 100% 100% 98% 95% 94% 93% extinguished octyloxycarbonyl- state ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)- benzotriazole (5.0)39 24 2 Color = 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 100% 100% 99% 98% 97% 97% extinguished octyloxycarbonyl- state ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)- benzotriazole (5.0)40 25 2 Color = 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 100% 99% 98% 97% 96% 95% extinguished octyloxycarbonyl- state ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)- benzotriazole (5.0)Comparative Example:11 33 2 Color = 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 100% 98% 95% 89% 82% 76% extinguished octyloxycarbonyl- state ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)- benzotriazole (5.0)12 34 2 Color = 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 100% 98% 96% 91% 85% 77% extinguished octyloxycarbonyl- state ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)- benzotriazole (5.0)13 35 2 Color = 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 100% 97% 95% 90% 86% 75% extinguished octyloxycarbonyl- state ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)- benzotriazole (5.0)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 19(A)__________________________________________________________________________ Type of State of Joint layerExam- Compo- light = light = Light = Light stabilizerple sition fastness fastness screening in light =No. No. test test sample pigment Light stabilizer stabilizer layer__________________________________________________________________________41 1 3 Color = IRIODIN-235 2-(5-t-butyl-2- 2,2'-dihydroxy- extinguished (10) hydroxyphenyl)- 4,4'-dimethoxy- state benzotriazole benzotriazole (5) (3.5)42 2 3 Color = IRIODIN-235 2-(5-t-butyl-2- 2,2'-dihydroxy- extinguished (10) hydroxyphenyl)- 4,4'-dimethoxy- state benzotriazole benzotriazole (5) (3.5)43 3 3 Color = IRIODIN-235 2-(5-t-butyl-2- 2,2'-dihydroxy- extinguished (10) hydroxyphenyl)- 4,4'-dimethoxy- state benzotriazole benzotriazole (5) (3.5)Comparative Example:14 26 3 Color = IRIODIN-235 2-(5-t-butyl-2- 2,2'-dihydroxy- extinguished (10) hydroxyphenyl)- 4,4'-dimethoxy- state benzotriazole benzotriazole (5) (3.5)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 19(B)______________________________________ Carbon arc lamp light-fastness test resultsEx- (coloring density retention)ample Exposure timeNo. None 40 hrs 60 hrs 80 hrs 100 hrs 120 hrs 140 hrs______________________________________41 100% 98% 96% 93% 90% 80% 70%42 100% 100% 99% 94% 92% 85% 81%43 100% 100% 100% 100% 95% 90% 85%Comparative Example:14 100% 98% 96% 89% 78% 66% 55%______________________________________
TABLE 20(A)__________________________________________________________________________ Type of State of Joint layerExam- Compo- light = light = Light = Light stabilizerple sition fastness fastness screening in light =No. No. test test sample pigment Light stabilizer stabilizer layer__________________________________________________________________________44 8 3 Color = IRIODIN-225 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- extinguished (10) octyloxycarbonyl- 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state ethyl-2- benzotriazole hydroxyphenyl (3.5) benzotriazole (5)45 9 3 Color = IRIODIN-225 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- extinguished (10) octyloxycarbonyl- 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state ethyl-2- benzotriazole hydroxyphenyl (3.5) benzotriazole (5)46 10 3 Color = IRIODIN-225 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- extinguished (10) octyloxycarbonyl- 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state ethyl-2- benzotriazole hydroxyphenyl (3.5) benzotriazole (5)47 11 3 Color = IRIODIN-225 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- extinguished (10) octyloxycarbonyl- 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state ethyl-2- benzotriazole hydroxyphenyl (3.5) benzotriazole (5)48 12 3 Color = IRIODIN-225 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- extinguished (10) octyloxycarbonyl- 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state ethyl-2- benzotriazole hydroxyphenyl (3.5) benzotriazole (5)49 13 3 Color = IRIODIN-225 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- extinguished (10) octyloxycarbonyl- 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state ethyl-2- benzotriazole hydroxyphenyl (3.5) benzotriazole (5)50 14 3 Color = IRIODIN-225 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- extinguished (10) octyloxycarbonyl- 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state ethyl-2- benzotriazole hydroxyphenyl (3.5) benzotriazole (5)51 15 3 Color = IRIODIN-225 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- extinguished (10) octyloxycarbonyl- 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state ethyl-2- benzotriazole hydroxyphenyl (3.5) benzotriazole (5)52 16 3 Color = IRIODIN-225 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- extinguished (10) octyloxycarbonyl- 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state ethyl-2- benzotriazole hydroxyphenyl (3.5) benzotriazole (5)Comparative Example:15 28 3 Color = IRIODIN-225 2-(3-t-butyl-5- 2-(3,5-di-t-amyl- extinguished (10) octyloxycarbonyl- 2-hydroxyphenyl)- state ethyl-2- benzotriazole hydroxyphenyl (3.5) benzotriazole (5)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 20(B)______________________________________ Carbon arc lamp light-fastness test resultsEx- (coloring density retention)ample Exposure timeNo. None 80 hrs 100 hrs 120 hrs 140 hrs 160 hrs 180 hrs______________________________________44 100% 94% 91% 86% 80% 74% 68%45 100% 100% 98% 92% 84% 79% 75%46 100% 100% 100% 97% 96% 93% 91%47 100% 100% 98% 95% 93% 91% 86%48 100% 100% 100% 98% 97% 95% 92%49 100% 100% 100% 100% 99% 97% 95%50 100% 100% 100% 99% 95% 92% 90%51 100% 98% 95% 93% 90% 87% 83%52 100% 100% 100% 96% 95% 92% 90%Comparative Example:15 100% 95% 87% 72% 52% 43% 35%______________________________________

Number	Name	Date
4028118	Nakasuji et al.	Jun 1977
4865648	Kito et al.	Sep 1989
5160371	Ito	Nov 1992
5179065	Ito	Jan 1993
5350633	Sumi et al.	Sep 1994
5558699	Nakashima et al.	Sep 1996

Number	Date	Country
0659582	Jun 1995	EPX
2494707	May 1982	FRX
2503729	Oct 1982	FRX
2093055	Aug 1982	GBX
2100279	Dec 1982	GBX

Method for improving light-fastness of reversible thermochromic compositions at the time of color extinguishment

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