The invention relates to a system and a method for managing wireless networks, and in particularly to management of load balancing in cellular mobile communication systems.
In current cellular mobile broadband systems the achievable data rates are strongly dependent on the users' positions in the network.
In order for wireless networks operators to solve one of their biggest problems—how to get more signal strength where one needs or wants it most, the operators have started in the recent years to deploy their own or rely on end users to buy very small Base Stations, in order to meet the increasing demand for data traffic. This new type of cell sites, referred to hereinbelow as “small cells” or “metro cells”, used in conjunction with wireless cells of the traditional cellular networks (macro cells). Networks that include both macro cells and metrocells are referred to herein as heterogeneous networks (HetNets).
The term “small cells” as used herein and throughout the specification and claims encompass femtocells, picocells microcells and metrocells. Small-cell networks can also be realized by means of distributed radio technology consisting of centralized baseband units and remote radio heads. Beamforming technology (focusing a radio signal on a very specific area) can be utilized to further enhance or focus small cell coverage. A common factor in all these approaches to small cells is that they are centrally managed by mobile network operators.
Small cells provide a small radio footprint, which can range from 10 meters within urban and in-building locations to 2 km for a rural location.
According to the solution being adopted by the operators, the end-users may buy small devices that are personal cellular base stations. The device typically has an antenna to boost the available signal as well as an Internet connection. The device uses the end user Internet connection to connect to the service provider's network and to route the user's phone calls.
With small cells deployed in a single carrier shared with the macro cells in the network, UEs at (or near) the coverage area of a small cell could ideally camp on it to offload the macro network. However, since the power disparity between the macro cells and the small cells is very large, normal cell selection/re-selection procedures will typically result in UEs camping on the macro network for which power levels are higher, even though much larger capacity can be provided by the small cells layer.
The disclosure may be summarized by referring to the appended claims.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus to enable increased data traffic offload to small cells while maintaining performance KPIs of the network and avoiding overload thereat.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus to enable dynamic tuning of idle mode settings in dedicated frequency carriers to enable reselection of shared frequency carrier(s) from dedicated frequency carriers.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus which enable automatic activation when small cells are actually being deployed/activated.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus to enable dynamic balancing of the load between different macro network “dedicated carriers” (frequency carriers at which no small cells are operative), the macro network “shared carrier” (shared between the macro network and the small cell layer) and the small cells operating at the shared carrier.
Other objects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.
According to a first embodiment there is provided a method for managing load balance in a cellular heterogeneous network (“HetNet”) comprising one or more macro cells and a plurality of small cells, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
providing a plurality of frequency carriers for conveying communication traffic to and from at least one of the one or more macro cells, and wherein:
at least one of the frequency carriers is a shared carrier, being adapted to enable conveying communication traffic to and from the at least one macro cells and to/from at least one small cell of the plurality of small cells, the at least one small cell is located at the geographical vicinity of the at least one macro cell, and wherein the shared carrier is further characterized in that data is essentially the only type of communication traffic being conveyed thereat when the cellular network is under congestion;
at least one other of the spectrum carriers is a dedicated frequency carrier, being adapted to essentially convey voice calls thereat;
and wherein user terminals are steered away from the one of the at least one dedicated carriers to the shared carrier (i.e. for camping on the corresponding cells or connected to the network by using the shared frequency carrier rather than by using a dedicated frequency carrier, all without physically moving from its geographical position), so that when a data session is initiated for a user terminal from among the user terminals associated with the shared frequency carrier, that session will be conveyed towards the core cellular network preferably via one or more of the at least one small cell.
According to another embodiment, at least one of the user terminals is steered to the shared carrier is in idle mode, so that when a data session is initiated for the user terminal, it will be conveyed towards the core cellular network preferably via one or more of the at least one small cell.
In accordance with another embodiment, the steering of a user terminal being at an idle mode is carried out by manipulating network cell reselection parameters that are specific to idle mode.
By yet another embodiment, the method further comprising a step of steering at least one of the user terminals away from the shared carrier to one of the at least one dedicated carriers.
According to still another embodiment, the at least one of the user terminals steered away from the shared carrier to one of the at least one dedicated carriers, is a user terminal to which a voice call is being initiated.
By yet another embodiment, the method provided is further characterized in that it is carried out for a macro reference cluster that includes all of a respective small cell's intra-frequency and inter-frequency macro network neighbors. Preferably, these neighbors are:
the parent macro cell covering the area of the small cell and operating in the shared carrier (Ms);
the intra-frequency macro neighbors of the parent cell in the shared carrier (Ns);
the inter-frequency co-sector macro neighbors of the parent cell in the dedicated carriers (Md); and
the inter-frequency macro neighbors of the parent cell (co-sectors of Ns, in the dedicated carriers).
Preferably, the parent macro cell of the small cell (Ms) is detected based on location information of the small cell, and/or a macro neighbor list detected by the small cell.
In accordance with another embodiment, user terminals are being steered away from a certain dedicated carrier to the shared carrier only when the load at said certain dedicated carrier is above a threshold (preferably a configurable threshold).
According to another embodiment, the method further comprising a step of associating an offset parameter (e.g. Qoffset) to at least one of the small cells, thereby manipulating user terminals located at the vicinity of the at least one small cell. Thus, user terminals that would otherwise be camping/serviced by the at least one macro cell, will be associated (e.g. camping/serviced) with the at least one small cell, or in another case user terminals that would otherwise be camping/serviced by the at least one small cell, will be camping/serviced with the at least one macro cell.
By yet another embodiment, the at least one user terminal triggered to be associated with the small cell, is currently being in an idle mode.
By still another embodiment, the method is carried out in a parent macro cell of a respective small cell rather than at the entire reference cluster.
In accordance with another embodiment, in case that an overload is detected for at least one of the small cells, the offset parameter of the at least one small cell is temporarily changed to enable users being currently serviced thereby to reselect and be associated with a macro cell.
According to another embodiment, in case that an overload is detected for at least one of the small cells, the transmission power of that at least one small cell is reduced to prevent users from being handed over to the small cell after their connection has been setup.
Other aspects of the present invention such as certain features of a controller and a communication system, which are adapted to operate in accordance with the principles of the method described hereinabove, mutatis mutandis, are encompassed within the scope of the present invention.
For a more complete understanding of the present invention, reference is now made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:
In this disclosure, the term “comprising” is intended to have an open-ended meaning so that when a first element is stated as comprising a second element, the first element may also include one or more other elements that are not necessarily identified or described herein, or recited in the claims.
In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention by way of examples. It should be apparent, however, that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
One of the main underlying ideas of the present invention is to provide a method and means that enable automatic optimization of data offload to the small cells layer in a multi carrier deployment. Preferably, to do so, the system continuously monitors the load at the dedicated carriers, shared carrier and at the small cells and dynamically adjusts the idle mode settings (cell re-selection bias) to balance the load between the carriers, by having UEs preferentially camp at the shared carrier when located near small cells, and at the small cells when load permits.
Since it is not desired that all users of the entire network (including areas where no small cells are deployed) will camp at the shared carrier (as it may increase admission rejects), an embodiment of the present invention enables automatic activation of the system only in areas where small cells have actually been deployed and preferably are currently operative.
The method of the present invention is preferably also adapted to comply with a service segmentation approach designed to assure voice Quality of Experience (QoE) is maintained.
Typically, as spectrum is scarce, a separate carrier for the deployment of only small cells only would not be available. Therefore, small cells are deployed at a single carrier (F1 in the
The introduction of mass numbers of small cells into the network might increase the noise level and introduce challenges related to mobility (due to the small cells capabilities, as well as to the extensive Primary Scrambling Code (PSC) reuse). To address this problem, a service segmentation approach is suggested, by which the shared carrier (F1) is used to provide data capacity only, while in order to maintain QoE, voice calls are redirected to dedicated carriers (F2 . . . F4 in the
Thus, the system of the present invention will steer users so that they camp at the shared carrier, and consequently, when a data session is initiated it will be served by the small cells at the shared carrier, thus achieving effective offload from the macro cells and significant capacity gain.
As users are steered away to the shared carrier, the non-used capacity of the dedicated carriers is increased, allowing serving additional voice traffic redirected from the shared carrier.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method is carried out on an automatically detected Macro Reference Cluster. The Macro Reference Cluster as demonstrated for example in
the parent macro cell covering the same area of the small cell and operating in the shared carrier (Ms);
the intra-frequency macro neighbors of the parent cell in the shared carrier (Ns);
the inter-frequency co-sector macro neighbors of the parent cell in the dedicated carriers (Md); and
the inter-frequency macro neighbors of the parent cell (co-sectors of Ns, in the dedicated carriers).
According to the method provided, the parent macro cell of a small cell (Ms) is detected based on location information (longitude, latitude etc.) of the small cell, and the macro neighbor list detected by the small cell.
Preferably, the method comprises a step of dynamically offloading users from the dedicated carriers to the shared carrier by managing idle mode parameters of the mobile terminals.
As illustrated in
By another embodiment, the solution provided by the present invention is operative to dynamically change the cell reselection bias, preferably in small steps (and more preferably within configurable minimum and maximum range). For example, in systems that comply with UMTS technology the Qoffset2sn parameter is defined as being the offset between CPICH Ec/No” of source & target The offset is added to the CPICH Ec/No quantity of the cell before the UE evaluates if it is better than that of its currently serving cell. A positive offset will effectively increase the size of the target cell on account of the source (serving) cell.
By another embodiment, cell load level can be used to decide when the mobile terminals should be steered away from dedicated carrier macro cells to shared carrier macro cells. For example, in case the load at the shared carrier cell is below a threshold, the load can be increased by using smaller (larger negative) bias (in UMTS Qoffset2sn value) at the dedicated carrier cells.
In case the load at the shared carrier cell is above a threshold, the load will be decreased by using larger (smaller negative) bias (in UMTS Qoffset2sn value) at the dedicated carrier cells.
Optionally, the method further comprises a step of confirming that cell reselection is enabled, for example in UMTS one should make sure that the value of the parameter SinterSearch is low enough, to allow enough users to perform neighbor cell measurements, which would and consequently lead to potential cell reselection.
The offload to the small cells may be limited to the parent macro cell (and not in the entire reference cluster), since offload from neighbor cells will require too much offset which in turn will cause users having poor link conditions, to select the small cell.
Preferably, when an overloaded small cell (e.g. metrocell) is detected, the idle mode cell reselection parameters (such as Qoffset2sn in case of a UMTS compatible system) are temporarily changed to enable users being currently served by that small cell, to reselect to the macro cell.
Optionally or in addition to changing the idle mode cell reselection parameters like Qoffset2sn, the small cell power may be reduced (e.g. in parallel) in order to prevent users from being handed over to the small cell after their connection has been setup (via active mode mobility procedure).
In accordance with another embodiment, parameters that control the cell reselection process of this group of inner-grid small cells may be varied (manipulated), for example the parameter Qoffset2sn, in order to affect the cell reselection process when carried out by a UE currently being in an idle mode.
In addition or in the alternative, the small cell power may be reduced (e.g. in parallel to changing the Qoffset). This feature is rather helpful for gateway small cells as the operator sets the parameters to ensure that mobility is enabled between the macro cell and a respective gateway small cell, but of course is not too relevant for inner-grid small cells, as typically, no hand over procedure would be held by which a UE is handed over to the inner-grid small cells from the macro cell.
In the description and claims of the present application, each of the verbs, “comprise” “include” and “have”, and conjugates thereof, are used to indicate that the object or objects of the verb are not necessarily a complete listing of members, components, elements or parts of the subject or subjects of the verb.
The present invention has been described using detailed descriptions of embodiments thereof that are provided by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. The described embodiments comprise different features, not all of which are required in all embodiments of the invention. Some embodiments of the present invention utilize only some of the features or possible combinations of the features. Variations of embodiments of the present invention that are described and embodiments of the present invention comprising different combinations of features noted in the described embodiments will occur to persons of the art. The scope of the invention is limited only by the following claims.
This Application is a continuation (and claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §120) of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/693,482, filed Dec. 4, 2012, entitled “A METHOD FOR MANAGING LOAD BALANCE IN A CELLULAR HETEROGENEOUS NETWORK,” Inventors Ziv Nuss, et al. The disclosure of the prior application is considered part of (and is incorporated by reference in) the disclosure of this application.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
6141565 | Feuerstein et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6771934 | Demers | Aug 2004 | B2 |
7151937 | Jin et al. | Dec 2006 | B2 |
7379739 | Rajkotia et al. | May 2008 | B2 |
7884763 | Na et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7974652 | Gerlach | Jul 2011 | B2 |
7983667 | Hart et al. | Jul 2011 | B2 |
8045996 | Brunner et al. | Oct 2011 | B2 |
8107950 | Amerijoo et al. | Jan 2012 | B2 |
8170544 | Satapathy et al. | May 2012 | B1 |
8194630 | Qvarfordt | Jun 2012 | B2 |
8229451 | Frenger et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
8275376 | Vikberg | Sep 2012 | B2 |
8320965 | Kwun | Nov 2012 | B2 |
8340711 | Glass et al. | Dec 2012 | B1 |
8400921 | Grayson et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
8483743 | Dimou | Jul 2013 | B2 |
8538337 | Damnjanovic | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8588698 | Brisebois | Nov 2013 | B2 |
8611299 | Yang et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
8619563 | Madan et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
8639243 | Radulescu et al. | Jan 2014 | B2 |
8687585 | Marks et al. | Apr 2014 | B2 |
8694044 | Hiltunen et al. | Apr 2014 | B2 |
8712459 | Lim et al. | Apr 2014 | B2 |
8743772 | Garavaglia et al. | Jun 2014 | B2 |
8755791 | Bontu et al. | Jun 2014 | B2 |
8761826 | Brown et al. | Jun 2014 | B2 |
8792886 | Meshkati | Jul 2014 | B2 |
8797983 | Sun | Aug 2014 | B2 |
8830936 | Ren | Sep 2014 | B2 |
8838125 | Dalsgaard et al. | Sep 2014 | B2 |
8854998 | Johansson et al. | Oct 2014 | B2 |
8862134 | Zhou | Oct 2014 | B1 |
8874126 | Jeong et al. | Oct 2014 | B2 |
8983470 | Ryan | Mar 2015 | B1 |
9014004 | Nuss et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
9031591 | Ma et al. | May 2015 | B2 |
9143995 | Okmyanskiy et al. | Sep 2015 | B2 |
9148838 | Yanover et al. | Sep 2015 | B2 |
9167444 | Nuss et al. | Oct 2015 | B2 |
9219816 | Grayson | Dec 2015 | B2 |
20040085909 | Soliman | May 2004 | A1 |
20050064820 | Park et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
20050215251 | Krishnan | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050282572 | Wigard et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
20060068712 | Kroboth et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060073791 | Senarath | Apr 2006 | A1 |
20060229087 | Davis et al. | Oct 2006 | A1 |
20070008885 | Bonner | Jan 2007 | A1 |
20070253372 | Nakayasu | Nov 2007 | A1 |
20070280170 | Kawasaki | Dec 2007 | A1 |
20080107074 | Salmenkaita | May 2008 | A1 |
20080139197 | Misra et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080188265 | Carter et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
20080268833 | Huang | Oct 2008 | A1 |
20090054047 | Kylvaja | Feb 2009 | A1 |
20090092088 | Kokku | Apr 2009 | A1 |
20090129284 | Jung et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
20090129291 | Gupta | May 2009 | A1 |
20090232074 | Yang et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090323530 | Trigui et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
20100009634 | Budianu | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100029282 | Stamoulis et al. | Feb 2010 | A1 |
20100034157 | Stolyar et al. | Feb 2010 | A1 |
20100056184 | Vakil | Mar 2010 | A1 |
20100093358 | Cheong et al. | Apr 2010 | A1 |
20100099424 | Centonza | Apr 2010 | A1 |
20100112982 | Singh et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100177722 | Guvenc | Jul 2010 | A1 |
20100227611 | Schmidt et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
20100240314 | Chang | Sep 2010 | A1 |
20100260036 | Molnar et al. | Oct 2010 | A1 |
20100260068 | Bhatt et al. | Oct 2010 | A1 |
20100267408 | Lee et al. | Oct 2010 | A1 |
20100275083 | Nam et al. | Oct 2010 | A1 |
20100279628 | Love et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100311449 | Whinnett | Dec 2010 | A1 |
20100317351 | Gerstenberger | Dec 2010 | A1 |
20110039539 | Maida et al. | Feb 2011 | A1 |
20110039570 | Maida et al. | Feb 2011 | A1 |
20110077016 | Stolyar et al. | Mar 2011 | A1 |
20110086614 | Brisebois | Apr 2011 | A1 |
20110110316 | Chen et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
20110128862 | Kallin | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110136478 | Trigui | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110151877 | Tafreshi | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110176497 | Gopalakrishnan | Jul 2011 | A1 |
20110182375 | Kim et al. | Jul 2011 | A1 |
20110195730 | Chami | Aug 2011 | A1 |
20110201277 | Eguchi | Aug 2011 | A1 |
20110211514 | Hamalainin | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110223964 | Ebiko | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110235598 | Hilborn | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110250881 | Michel et al. | Oct 2011 | A1 |
20110287755 | Cho | Nov 2011 | A1 |
20120004003 | Shaheen et al. | Jan 2012 | A1 |
20120015655 | Lee | Jan 2012 | A1 |
20120028584 | Zhang et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
20120046026 | Chande | Feb 2012 | A1 |
20120046063 | Chande | Feb 2012 | A1 |
20120083201 | Truong | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120087247 | Min | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120100849 | Marsico | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120129537 | Liu et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
20120176980 | Moon et al. | Jul 2012 | A1 |
20120178451 | Kubota | Jul 2012 | A1 |
20120231797 | Van Phan et al. | Sep 2012 | A1 |
20120236774 | Guey et al. | Sep 2012 | A1 |
20120238263 | Caretti et al. | Sep 2012 | A1 |
20120258720 | Tinnakornsrisuphap et al. | Oct 2012 | A1 |
20120265888 | Roeland et al. | Oct 2012 | A1 |
20120282964 | Xiao et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
20130003697 | Adjakple et al. | Jan 2013 | A1 |
20130005388 | Naka | Jan 2013 | A1 |
20130021962 | Hu et al. | Jan 2013 | A1 |
20130077482 | Krishna et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
20130079007 | Nagaraja et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
20130107798 | Gao et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130121257 | He et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130136072 | Bachmann et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130137447 | Zhang et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130142116 | Prakash | Jun 2013 | A1 |
20130163543 | Freda et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
20130182680 | Choi et al. | Jul 2013 | A1 |
20130210431 | Abe | Aug 2013 | A1 |
20130229945 | Cha et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130242748 | Mangalvedhe et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130250875 | Chen et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130294356 | Bala et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
20130308531 | So et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
20130310103 | Madan et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
20130326001 | Jorgensen et al. | Dec 2013 | A1 |
20130331079 | Racz et al. | Dec 2013 | A1 |
20130337821 | Clegg | Dec 2013 | A1 |
20130339783 | Alonso et al. | Dec 2013 | A1 |
20130343304 | Kaippallimalil et al. | Dec 2013 | A1 |
20130343755 | Cvijetic et al. | Dec 2013 | A1 |
20140003225 | Mann et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140010086 | Etemad et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140011505 | Liao | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140018073 | Frenger | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140029524 | Dimou et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140056220 | Poitau et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
20140056278 | Marinier et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
20140073304 | Brisebois | Mar 2014 | A1 |
20140078986 | Kaippallimalil et al. | Mar 2014 | A1 |
20140086226 | Zhao et al. | Mar 2014 | A1 |
20140092765 | Agarwal et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
20140112251 | Kim et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
20140113643 | Ma et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
20140146732 | Olufunmilola et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140148179 | Das et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140153439 | Nuss et al. | Jun 2014 | A1 |
20140155081 | Nuss | Jun 2014 | A1 |
20140155109 | Vaidya et al. | Jun 2014 | A1 |
20140185467 | Heo | Jul 2014 | A1 |
20140198678 | Kim et al. | Jul 2014 | A1 |
20140211739 | Kim et al. | Jul 2014 | A1 |
20140213274 | Weber et al. | Jul 2014 | A1 |
20140219117 | Meshkati et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140220990 | Lorca Hernando | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140226736 | Niu et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140241316 | Okmyanskiy et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140243005 | Yanover et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140269355 | Monogioudis et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
20140273852 | McCormack et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
20140274195 | Singh | Sep 2014 | A1 |
20140293906 | Chang et al. | Oct 2014 | A1 |
20140328277 | Xiao et al. | Nov 2014 | A1 |
20140335909 | Czerepinski | Nov 2014 | A1 |
20150011222 | Brisebois et al. | Jan 2015 | A1 |
20150018028 | Uplenchwar et al. | Jan 2015 | A1 |
20150038190 | Carter et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150055479 | Reider | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150063223 | Shen | Mar 2015 | A1 |
20150063231 | Seo et al. | Mar 2015 | A1 |
20150087325 | Nuss et al. | Mar 2015 | A1 |
20150141027 | Tsui et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
20150146594 | Grayson et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
20150148036 | Grayson et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
20150208425 | Caretti et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
20150256314 | Gauvreau et al. | Sep 2015 | A1 |
20150312778 | Chandrasekhar et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150318994 | Walsh et al. | Nov 2015 | A1 |
20150351072 | Okmyanskiy et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
20150373698 | Uplenchwar et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
20150382367 | Yanover et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
20160073426 | Bull et al. | Mar 2016 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
104684052 | Jun 2015 | CN |
105407533 | Mar 2016 | CN |
1322048 | Jun 2003 | EP |
1718090 | Nov 2006 | EP |
1895801 | Mar 2008 | EP |
2296394 | Mar 2011 | EP |
2337395 | Jun 2011 | EP |
2395701 | Dec 2011 | EP |
2445265 | Apr 2012 | EP |
2466972 | Jun 2012 | EP |
2533595 | Dec 2012 | EP |
2632072 | Aug 2013 | EP |
2728926 | May 2014 | EP |
2741533 | Jun 2014 | EP |
2306761 | Jul 2014 | EP |
2770773 | Aug 2014 | EP |
2832150 | Feb 2015 | EP |
2879444 | Jun 2015 | EP |
2996422 | Mar 2016 | EP |
2496908 | May 2013 | GB |
2518584 | Apr 2015 | GB |
WO9824199 | Jun 1998 | WO |
WO0038351 | Jun 2000 | WO |
WO2007074373 | Jul 2007 | WO |
WO2007133135 | Nov 2007 | WO |
WO2010006909 | Jan 2010 | WO |
WO2010064110 | Jun 2010 | WO |
WO2010125151 | Nov 2010 | WO |
WO2011085238 | Jul 2011 | WO |
WO2011088465 | Jul 2011 | WO |
WO2011090908 | Jul 2011 | WO |
WO2011137345 | Nov 2011 | WO |
WO2012148009 | Jan 2012 | WO |
WO2012055984 | May 2012 | WO |
WO2012079604 | Jun 2012 | WO |
WO2013005016 | Jan 2013 | WO |
WO2013041574 | Mar 2013 | WO |
WO2013079913 | Jun 2013 | WO |
WO2013082245 | Jun 2013 | WO |
WO2013086659 | Jun 2013 | WO |
WO2013112082 | Aug 2013 | WO |
WO2013144950 | Oct 2013 | WO |
WO2013169991 | Nov 2013 | WO |
WO2014001025 | Mar 2014 | WO |
WO2014059935 | Apr 2014 | WO |
WO2014071308 | May 2014 | WO |
WO2014087393 | Jun 2014 | WO |
Entry |
---|
“ETSI TR 136 902 V9.3.1 (May 2011) Technical Report: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network 9E-UTRAN); Self-configuring and self-optimizing network (SON) use cases and solutions (3GPP TR 36.902 version 9.3.1 Release 9),” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, May 2011; 23 pages. |
“ETSI TS 123 007 V12.6.0 (Oct. 2014) Technical Specification: Digital Cellular Telecommunications System (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Restoration procedures (EGPP TS 23.007 version 12.6.0 Release 12),” ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2014; 93 pages. |
“ETSI TS 123 401 V9.5.0 (Jun. 2010) Technical Specification: LTE; General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access (3GPP TS 23.401 version 9.5.0 Release 9),” ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Jun. 2010; See Section 4, pp. 15-46. |
“ETSI TS 123 401 V11.10.0 (Jul. 2014) Technical Specification: LTE; General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access (3GPP TS 23.401 version 11.10.0 Release 11),” [Relevant Sections 5.3.1.2 and 5.3.4.3 only]; ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Jul. 2014. |
“ETSI TS 123 401 V12.6.0 (Sep. 2014) Technical Specification: LTE; General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access (3GPP TS 23.401 version 12.6.0 Release 12),” ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Sep. 2014; 308 pages. |
“ETSI TS 123 401 V12.70 (Jan. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access (EGPP TS 23.401 version 12.7.0 Release 12),” Section 4 only, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France; Jan. 2015; 77 pages. |
“ETSI TS 125 133 V12.6.0 (Jan. 2013) Technical Specification: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System 9UMTS); Requirements for support of radio resource management (FDD) (3GPP TS 25.133 version 12.6.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Jan. 2015; 368 pages. |
“ETSI TS 125 211 V11.5.0 (Jul. 2014) Technical Specification: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Physical channels and mapping of transport channels onto physical channels (FDD) (3GPP TS 25.211 version 11.5.0 Release 11),” [Relevant Section 7 only]; ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Jul. 2014. |
“ETSI TS 125 215 V 12.0.0 (Sep. 2014) Technical Specification: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Physical layer; Measurements (FDD) (3GPP TS 25.215 version 12.0.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Sep. 2014; 26 pages. |
“ETSI TS 125 224 V12.0.0 (Sep. 2014) Technical Specification: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Physical layer procedures (TDD) (3GPP TS 25.224 version 12.0.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Sep. 2014; 86 pages. |
“ETSI TS 125 331 V11.10.0 (Jul. 2014) Technical Specification: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol Specification,” ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Jul. 2014, © European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2014. All Rights Reserved. [Relevant Portions: §7.2.2 pp. 55-58; §8.1.2 pp. 105-108; §8.1.4 pp. 126-129; §8.3.1 pp. 215-260; §8.3.8-8.3.9 pp. 289-292; §8.5.21 pp. 357-365; §10.2.7 pp. 620-623; Annex B.3 pp. 2045-2052]. |
“ETSI TS 125 367 V9.4.0, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Mobility procedures for Home Node B (HNB); Overall description; Stage 2 (3GPP TS25.367 version 9.4.0 Release 9)”, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France, Jun. 2010; 17 pages. |
“ETSI TS-125-469 V9.3.0 (Oct. 2010) Technical Specification: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); UTRAN luh interface Home Node B (HNG) Application Part (HNBAP) signaling (3GPP TS 25.469 version 9.3.0 Release 9),” © European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2010; Oct. 2010; 64 pages. |
“ETSI TS 125 469 v11.2.0, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); UTRAN luh interface Home Node B (HNB); Application Part (HNBAP) signalling (3GPP TS25.469 version 11.2.0 Release 11),” European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France, Apr. 2013, 78 pages. |
“ETSI TS 128 657 V11.0.0 (Feb. 2013) Technical Specification: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System 9UMTS); LTE; Telecommunication management; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network 9E-UTRAN) Network Resource Model (NRM); Integration Reference Point (IRP); Requirements (3GPP TS 28.657 version 11.0.0 Release 11),” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Feb. 2013; 9 pages. |
“ETSI TS 128 658 V11.0.0 (Feb. 2013) Technical Specification: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System 9UMTS); LTE; Telecommunication management; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS) (3GPP TS 28.658 version 11.0.0 Release 11),” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Feb. 2013; 53 pages. |
“ETSI TS 128 659 V11.0.0 (Jan. 2013) Technical Specification: Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems (UMTS); LTE; Telecommunications Management; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions (3GPP TS 28.659 version 11.0.0 Release 11),” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Jan. 2013; 48 pages. |
“ETSI TS 129 061 V12.7.0 (Oct. 2014) Technical Specification: Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Interworking between the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) supporting packet based services and Packet Data Networks (PDN) (3GPP TS 29.061 version 12.7.0 Release 12),” ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2014; 170 pages. |
“ETSI TS 129 212 V12.6.0 (Oct. 2014) Technical Specification: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Policy and Charging Control (PCC); Reference Points (EGPP TS 29.212 version 12.6.0 Release 12),” ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2014, 232 pages. |
“ETSI TS 129 213 V12.5.0 (Oct. 2014) Technical Specification: Digital Cellular Telecommunications System (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Policy and charging control signalling flows and Quality of Service (QoS) parameter mapping (3GPP TS 29.213 version 12.5.0 Release 12),”[Relevant Sections 3, 4, 8 and 8 only], ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2014. |
“ETSI TS 129 214 V12.5.0 (Oct. 2014) Technical Specification: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Policy and charging control over Rx reference point (3GPP Ts 29.214 version 12.5.0 Release 12),” ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2014; 64 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 111 V12.0.0 (Oct. 2014) Technical Specification: LTE; Location Measurement Unit (LMU) performance specification; Network based positioning systems in Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) (3GPP TS 36.111 version 12.0.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France; Oct. 2014. |
“ETSI TS 136 133 V12.5.0 (Nov. 2014) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Requirements for support of radio resource management (3GPP TS 36.133 version 12.5.0 Release 12),” [Relevant Sections 8-10 only]; ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Nov. 2014. |
“ETSI TS 136 133 V12-9-0 (Oct. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Requirements for support of Radio Resource management (3GPP TS 36.133 version 12.9.0 Release 12),” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2015 [Sections 1 thru 9 only]; 252 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 201 V12.1.0 (Feb. 2015) Technical Specificaton: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); LTE physical layer; General description (3GPP TS 36.201 version 12.1.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Feb. 2015; 15 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 211 V12.5.0 (Apr. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical channels and modulation (3GPP TS 36.211 version 12.5.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France; Apr. 2015. |
“ETSI TS 136 213 V12.4.0 (Feb. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures (3GPP TS 36.213 version 12.4.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Feb. 2015; 227 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 213 V12.7.0 (Oct. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures (3GPP TS 36.213 version 12.7.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2015; 243 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 213 V9.3.0 (Oct. 2010) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures (3GPP TS 36.213 version 9.3.0 Release 9);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France; Oct. 2010. |
“ETSI TS 136 214 V9.2.0 (Jun. 2010) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer; Measurements (3GPP TS 36.214 version 9.2.0 Release 9);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France; Jun. 2010. |
“ETSI TS 136 300 V12-7-0 (Oct. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (3GPP TS 36.300 version 12.7.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2015; 264 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 304 V12-6-0 (Nov. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode (3GPP TS 36.304 version 12.6.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Nov. 2015; 40 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 321 V12.7.0 (Oct. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification (3GPP TS 36.321 version 12.7.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2015; 79 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 331 V12.3.0 (Sep. 2014) Technical Specificaton: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol specification (3GPP TS 36.311 version 12.3.0 Release 12),” [Relevant Section 5.3.2 only]; ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Sep. 2014. |
“ETSI TS 136 331 V12.7.0 (Oct. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol Specification (3GPP TS 36.331 version 12.7.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2015; 455 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 423 V8.3.0 (Nov. 2008) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); X2 Application Protocol (X2AP) (3GPP TS 36.423 version 8.3.0 Release 8);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France; Nov. 2008. |
“ETSI TS 136 211 V12.4.0 (Feb. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical channels and modulation (3GPP TS 36.211 version 12.4.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Feb. 2015; 126 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 211 V12.5.0 (Apr. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical channels and modulation (3GPP TS 36.211 version 12.5.0 Release 12),” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Apr. 2015; 139 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 212 V12.3.0 (Feb. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Multiplexing and channel coding (3GPP TS 36.212 version 12.3.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Feb. 2015; 91 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 213 V 12.4.0 (Feb. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures (3GPP TS 36.213 version 12.4.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Feb. 2015; 227 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 212 V12.6.0 (Oct. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Multiplexing and channel coding (3GPP TS 36.212 version 12.6.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2015; 96 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 214 V10.1.0 (Apr. 2011) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer; Measurements (3GPP TS 36.214 version 10.1.0 Release 10);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Apr. 2011; 15 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 300 V10.2.0 (Jan. 2011) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (3GPP TS 36.300 version 10.2.0 Release 10),” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Jan. 2011; 208 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 300 V12.4.0 (Feb. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (3GPP TS 36.300 version 12.4.0 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Feb. 2015; 266 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 423 V11.3.0 (Jan. 2013) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); X2 Application Protocol (X2AP) (3GPP TS 36.423 version 11.3.0 Release 11),” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Jan. 2013; 143 pages. |
“ETSI TS 136 423 V12.4.2 (Feb. 2015) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); X2 Application Protocol (X2AP) (3GPP TS 36.423 version 12.4.2 Release 12);” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Feb. 2015; 205 pages. |
“ETSI GS NFV 002 V1.1.1 (Oct. 2013) Group Specification: Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); Architectural Framework,” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2013; 21 pages. |
“3GPP LTE Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Sub Layer,” EventHelix.com Inc., first published on or about Jan. 1, 2010; 20 pages. |
“3GPP TR23.705 V0.11.0 (May 2014) Technical Report: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Study on system enhancements for user plane congestion management (Release 13),” 3GPP, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, May 2014, 64 pages. |
“3GPP TR 36.814 V9.0.0 (Mar. 2010) Technical Report: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Further advancements for E-UTRA physical layer aspects (Release 9);” 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Mar. 2010. |
“3GPP TR 23.852 (V12.0.0 (Sep. 2013) Technical Report: 3rd Generational Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Study on S2a Mobility based on GPRS Tunnelling Protocol (GTP) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) access to the Enhanced Packet Core (EPC) network (SaMOG); Stage 2 (Release 12);” 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Sep. 2013, 157 pages. |
“3GPP TS 22.368 V13.0.0 (Jun. 2014) Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Service requirements for Machine-Type Communications (MTC); Stage 1 (Release 13),” 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Jun. 2014. |
“3GPP TS23.002 V12.5.0 (Jun. 2014) Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Network architecture (Release 12),” 3GPP, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Jun. 2014; See Sections 1-5, pp. 11-76. |
“3GPP TS 23.060 V13.0.0 (Sep. 2014) Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 2 (Release 13),” [Relevant Sections 5.3.20 and 6.2.3 only]; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Sep. 2014. |
“3GPP TS 23.203 V13.1.0 (Sep. 2014) Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Policy and charging control architecture (Release 13),” [Relevant Sections 1-6 only]; 3rd Generation Partnership Project, Sep. 2014. |
“3GPP TS 23.682 V12.2.0 (Jun. 2014) Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Architecture enhancements to facilitate communications with packet data networks and applications (Release 12),” 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Jun. 2014. |
“3GPP TS 23.887 V12.0.0 (Dec. 2013) Technical Report: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Study on Machine-Type Communications (MTC) and other mobile data applications communications enhancements (Release 12),” 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Dec. 2013. |
“3GPP TS 25.367 V11.0.0 (Jun. 2012) Technical Specification: Group Radio Access Network; Mobility procedures for Home Node B (HNG); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 11),” 3rd Generation Partnership Project, Mobile Competence Centre; 650, Route Des Lucioles; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex; France; Jun. 2012, 14 pages. |
“3GPP TS 29.212 V12.5.2 (Jul. 2014) Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Core Network and Terminals; Policy and Charging Control (PCC); Reference Points (Release 12),” 3GPP, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921, Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Jul. 2014; Section 4, pp. 17-88. |
“3GPP TS 29-272 V12-6-0 (Sep. 2014) Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Core Network and Terminals; Evolved Packet System (EPS); Mobility Management Entity (MME) and Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) related interfaces based on Diameter protocol (Release12),” [Relevant Sections 5 and 7.3.1-7.3.21 only]; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Sep. 2014. |
“3GPP TS 29-274 V12-6-0 (Sep. 2014) Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Core Network and Terminals; 3GPP Evolved Packet System (EPS); Evolved General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunnelling Protocol for Control plane (GTPv2-C); Stage 3 (Release 12),” [Relevant Sections 4-6; 7.1-7.2.15; and 8.1-8.21.6 only]; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Sep. 2014. |
“3GPP TS 32.522 v11.2.0, 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Policy Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS) (Release 11),” 3GPP, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Valbonne, France, Jun. 2012, 35 pages. |
“3GPP TS 36.300 V12.3.0 (Sep. 2014) Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network 9E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 12),” [Relevant Sections 15 and 23 only]; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Sep. 2014. |
“3GPP TS 36.300 V11.3.0 (Sep. 2012) Technical Specification: Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall Description; Stage 2 (Release 11),” 3rd Generation Partnership Project, Mobile Competence Centre; 650, Route Des Lucioles; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex; France; Sep. 2012, 205 pages. |
“3GPP TS 36.413 V9.5.1 (Jan. 2011)Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); S1 Application Protocol (S1AP) (Release 9);” 3rd Generation Partnership Project, Jan. 2011. |
“3GPP TS 36.413 V12.3.0 (Sep. 2014) Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); S1 Application Protocol (S1AP) (Release 12),” [Relevant Sections 9.1.6 and 9.2.3.13 only]; 3rd Generation Partnership Project, Sep. 2014. |
“3GPP TS 37.320 V11.1.0 (Sep. 2012) Technical Specification: Group Radio Access Network; Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio measurement collection for Minimization of Drive Tests (MDT); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 11),” 3rd Generation Partnership Project, Mobile Competence Centre; 650, Route Des Lucioles; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex; France; Sep. 2012, 21 pages. |
“3GPP TS 48.008 V8.8.0 (Dec. 2009) Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network; Mobile Switching Centre—Base Station System (MSC-BSS) interface; Layer 3 specification (Release 8);” 3rd Generation Partnership Project, Mobile Competence Centre; 650, Route Des Lucioles; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex; France; Dec. 2009; 208 pages. |
“3GPP Draft TR—R3018—V—100 (Oct. 2007) Technical Specification: Group Radio Access Network; Evolved UTRA and UTRAN; Radio Access Architecture and Interfaces (Release 7),” 3rd Generation Partnership Project, Mobile Competence Centre; 650, Route Des Lucioles; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex; France; Oct. 2007, XP050423659. |
3GPP TSG-RAN WG3 #61bis, R3-081174, “Solution for interference reduction SON use case,” Orange, Alcatel-Lucent, Agenda Item 10.1.1c; Kansas City, MO, USA, May 5-9, 2008; 6 pages. |
3GPP-Tsg-Ran WG3 Meeting #60, R3-081123, “Dynamic Setup of HNBs for Energy Savings and Interference Reduction,” Mitsubishi Electric, Agenda Item 10.1.1c; Kansas City, MO USA, May 5-9, 2008; 6 pages. |
3GPP-TSG-RAN3 #59, R3-080082, “Capacity and Coverage SON Use Case,” Alcatel-Lucent, Agenda Item 10.1.1.c; Sorrento, Italy, Feb. 11-15, 2008; 4 pages. |
“4G++: Advanced Performance Boosting Techniques in 4th Generation Wireless Systems; a National Telecommunication Regulatory Authority Funded Project; Deliverable D4.1, Work Package 4, Inter-Cell Interference Coordination,” 4G++ Project, Funded by the Egyptian National Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (NTRA); 75 pages First Published on or about Sep. 15, 2015. |
Adrangi, F., et al., “Chargeable User Identity,” Network Working Group RFC 4372, Jan. 2006, 10 pages. |
Andrews, Matthew, et al., “Optimal Utility Based Multi-User Throughput Allocation Subject to Throughput Constraints,” IEEE INFOCOM 2005, Mar. 13-17, 2005, Miami, FL; 10 pages. |
Ashraf, Imran, “Distributed Radio Coverage Optimization in Enterprise Femtocell Networks,” International Conference on Communications ICC 2010, May 23-27, 2010, Cape Town, South Africa; 6 pages. |
Baid, Akash, et al., “Delay Estimation and Fast Iterative Scheduling Policies for LTE Uplink,” HAL archives-ouvertes; HAL Id: hal-00763374, Submitted on Dec. 10, 2012; 9 pages; https://hal.inria.fr/hal-00763374. |
Basir, Adnan, “3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE), ICIC and eICIC,” posted Jun. 11, 2012; 5 pages; http://4g-lte-world-blogspot.com/2012/06/icic-and-eicic.html. |
“Bisection Method,” Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Aug. 26, 2015; 5 pages. |
“Block Error Ratio (BLER) Measurement Description,” Keysight Technologies, Feb. 28, 2014; 3 pages http://rfmw.em.keysight.com/rfcomms/refdocs/wcdma/wcdma—meas—wblerror—desc.html. |
“Broadband Forum Technical Report: TR-069 CPE WAN Management Protocol,” Issue: 1, Amendment 4, Issue Date: Jul. 2011 Protocol Version 1.3; © The Broadband Forum; 190 pages. |
“Broadband Forum Technical Report: TR-069 CPE WAN Management Protocol,” Issue: 1, Amendment 5, Issue Date: Nov. 2013 CWMP Version 1.4; © The Broadband Forum; 228 pages. |
“Broadband Forum Technical Report: TR-196 Frmto Access Point Service Data Model,” Issue: 2, Issue Date: Nov. 2011; 46 pages. |
Calhoun, P., “Diameter Base Protocol,” Network Working Group RFC 3488, Sep. 2003; 147 pages. |
Chauhan, Himanshu, “UE Measurements and Reporting in UMTS,” Wireless Technologies, Blog dated Apr. 26, 2013; 3 pages http://worldtechieumts.blogspot.com/2013/04/ue-measurements-and-reporting-in-umts.html. |
“Cisco ASR 5000 Series Small Cell Gateway,” Cisco White Paper, C11-711704-00, Jul. 2012, Cisco Systems, Inc., Printed in USA, © 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. 6 pages. |
“Cisco EnergyWise Management Suite—Data Sheet,” Cisco Systems, Inc., C78-729774-00, Oct. 2013 © 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Printed in USA, 4 pages. |
“Cisco Licensed Small Cell Solution: Reduce Costs, Improve Coverage and Capacity—Solution Overview,” Cisco Systems, Inc., C22-726686-00, Feb. 2013, © 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Printed in USA, 4 pages. |
Claussen, Holger, et al., “Self-optimization of Coverage for Femtocell Deployments,” DOI 10:10.1109/WTS2008 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium, Apr. 26-28, 2008; Pomona, CA; 8 pages. |
Do, Dr. Michelle M., et al., “Interference Coordination in LTE/LTE-A (2): eICIC (enhanced ICIC),” Netmanias Tech Blog, Aug. 6, 2014; 6 pages http://www.netmanias.com/en/post/blog/6551/lte-lte-a-eicic/interference-coordination-in-lte-lte-a-2-e icic-enhanced-icic. |
Droms, R., “Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol,” Network Working Group RFC 2131, Mar. 1997; 45 pages. |
“Extensible Authentication Protocol,” Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 10 pages [Retrieved and printed Oct. 11, 2013] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extensible—Authentication—Protocol#EAP-FAST. |
Ericsson, “R4-153549: Agenda Item 7.9.3.1—SFN and subframe offset reporting for dual connectivity,” 3GPP TSG RAN WG4 Meeting #75, Fukuoka, Japan, May 25-29, 2015. |
“Frame Structure—Downlink,” Share Technote, first published on or about Jul. 9, 2012; 13 pages; http://www.sharetechnote.com/html/FrameStructure—DL—html. |
“Fuzzy Logic,” from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Dec. 3, 2015; 12 pages. |
Freescale Semiconductor, “Long Term Evolution Protocol Overview,” White Paper, Document No. LTEPTCLOVWWP, Oct. 2008; 21 pages. |
Ghaffar, Rizwan, et al., “Fractional Frequency Reuse and Interference Suppression for OFDMA Networks,” published in “WiOpt”10: Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks (2010), Jul. 19, 2010, 5 pages. |
Goldsmith, A.J., et al., “Variable Rate Variable-Power MQAM for Fading Channels,” IEEE Trans. On Comm. vol. 45, No. 10, Oct. 1997. |
“GSMA LTE Roaming Guidelines, Version 9.0,” GSM Association, Official Document IR88, Jan. 24, 2013; 53 pages. |
Guttman, E., et al., “Service Location Protocol, Version 2,” Network Working Group RFC 2608, Jun. 1999, 57 pages. |
Haverinen, H., “Extensible Authentication Protocol Method for Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Subscriber Identity Modules (EAP-SIM),” Network Working Group RFC 4186, Jan. 2006, 93 pages. |
Holappa, Mikko, “Performance Comparison of LTE ENODEB OSI Layer 2 Implementations; Preemptive Partitioned Scheduling vs. Non-Preemptive Global Scheduling,” Master's Thesis, Degree Programme in Information Networks; Oulun Yliopisto , University of OULU, Department of Computer Science and Engineering; Oct. 2013, 66 pages. |
Holbrook, H., et al., “Source-Specific-Multicast for IP,” Network Working Group RFC 4607, Aug. 2006. |
Horn, Gavin, “3GPP Femtocells: Architecture and Protocols,” Qualcomm Incorporated, 5775 Morehouse Drive, San Diego, CA, Sep. 2010; 64 pages. |
“Hysteresis,” from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia; Oct. 1, 2015. |
“Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request,” from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Jun. 8, 2015; 4 pages. |
Ku, Gwanmo, “Resource Allocation in LTE,” Adaptive Signal Processing and Information Theory Research Group, Nov. 11, 2011; 33 pages. |
Kwan, R., et al., “A Survey of Scheduling and Interference Mitiation in LTE,” vol. 2010, Article ID 273486, May 30, 2010. |
Kwan, R., et al., “On Radio Admission Control for LTE Systems,” Proc. Of IEEE VTC-fail, Sep. 6-9, 2010. |
La Rocca, Maurizio, “RSRP and RSRQ Measurement in LTE,” laroccasolutions Technology & Services, Feb. 2, 2015; 9 pages http://www.laroccasolutions.com/training/78-rsrp-and-rsrq-measurement-in-lte. |
Leung, K., et al., “WiMAX Forum/3GPP2 Proxy Mobile IPv4,” Independent Submission RFC 5563, Feb. 2010; 41 pages. |
Lopez-Perez, D., et al., “Interference Avoidance and Dynamic Frequency Planning for WiMAX Femtocells Networks,” Proceedings of ICCS, Jun. 23-25, 2008. |
LteWorld, “Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP),” Information Page, LteWorld.org, published on or about Jan. 2, 2013; 2 pages. |
“Link Layer Discovery Protocol,” Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 4 pages, [Retrieved and printed Nov. 17, 2013]; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link—Layer—Discovery—Protocol. |
“LTE Physical Layer Overview,” Keysight Technologies, First published on or about Aug. 24, 2014; 11 pages http://rfmw.em.keysight.com/wireless/helpfiles/89600B/webhelp/subsystems/lte/content/lte—overview.htm. |
“LTE Frame and Subframe Structure,” Cellular/Mobile Telecommunications, Tutorial, Radio-Electronics.com; first published on or about Aug. 6, 2009 http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/cellulartelecomms/lte-long-term-evolution/lte-frame-subframe-structure.php. |
“LTE Layers Data Flow,” LTE Tutorial, tutorialspoint; first published on or about Jan. 17, 2013; 3 pages; http://www.tutorialspoint.com/lte/lte—layers—data—flow.htm. |
“LTE Protocol Stack Layers,” LTE Tutorial, tutorialspoint; first published on or about Jan. 16, 2013 http://www.tutorialspoint.com/lte/lte—protocol—stack—layers.htm. |
“LTE Quick Reference,” from Share Technote; first published on or about Nov. 28, 2012; http://www.sharetechnote.com/html/Handbook—LTE—RNTI.html. |
“LTE Quick Reference: CCE Index Calculation,” LTE Handbook, Share Technote, first published on or about Jul. 8, 2012 http://www.sharetechnote.com/html/Handbook—LTE—CCE—Index.html. |
“LTE Quick Reference: Resource Allocation and Management Unit,” LTE Handbook, Share Technote, first published on or about Jul. 13, 2012 http://www.sharetechnote.com/html/Handbook—LTE—ResourceAllocation—ManagementUnit.html. |
“LTE TDD Overview,” from ShareTechnote; first published on or about Jul. 2, 2014 http://www.sharetechnote.com/html/LTE—TDD—Overview.html. |
Madan, Ritesh, et al., “Fast Algorithms for Resource Allocation in Wireless Cellular Networks,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 18, No. 3, Jun. 2010; 12 pages. |
Mehlfuhrer, M., et al., “Simulating the Long Term Evolution Physical Layer,” Proc. Of 17th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO), Aug. 24-28, 2009. |
Narten T., et al., “Neighbor Discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6),” Network Working Group RFC 4861, Sep. 2007; 97 pages. |
NGMN Alliance, “Further Study on Critical C-RAN Technologies,” Next Generation Mobile Networks, Mar. 31, 2015; 93 pages. |
Nivaggioli, Patrice, “Cisco Small Cell Architecture,” Cisco Connect, Dubrovnik, Croatia, South East Europe, May 20-22, 2013, © 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.; 40 pages. |
Novlan, Thomas David, et al., “Analytical Evaluation of Fractional Frequency Reuse for OFDMA Cellular Networks,” arXiv: 1101.5130v1 [cs.IT]; arXiv.org, Cornell University Library; Jan. 26, 2011, 25 pages. |
Okubo, Naoto, et al., “Overview of LTE Radio Interface and Radio Network Architecture for High Speed, High Capacity and Low Latency,” Special Articles on “Xi” (Crossy) LTE Services—Toward Smart Innovation—Technology Reports; NTT DOCOMO Technical Journal vol. 13 No. 1, Jun. 2011. |
Park, Jeongho, et al., “Interference Level Control in Mobile WiMAX Uplink System,” 2009 IEEE Mobile WiMAX Symposium, Jul. 9-10, 2009; 5 pages. |
“Paging Channel Selection,” UMTS World; first published on or about Jun. 22, 2003; 3 pages; http://www.umtsworld.com/technology/paging.html. |
“Paging Indicator Channel PICH Work in 3G,” Teletopix.org, Telecom Techniques Guide, Feb. 13, 2014, 2 pages http://www.teletopix.org/3g-wcdma/paging-indicator-channel-pich-work-in-3g/. |
“PDCCH Construction, Expert Opinion,” posted by Hongyan on May 20, 2011; LTE University, 4 pages http://lteuniversity.com/get—trained/expert—opinion1/b/hongyanlei/archive/2011/05/20/pdcch-construction.aspx. |
“PDCCH Processing,” published by Gio Zakradze on Dec. 29, 2014; 56 pages. |
“plane (in networking),” Definition from WhatIs.com; Jan. 2013 http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/plane-in-networking. |
Piro, G., et al., “An LTE module for the ns-3 Network Simulator,” in Proc. Of Wns3 2011 (in conjunction with SimuTOOLS 2011), Mar. 2011, Barcelona Spain. |
“QoS Class Identifier,” from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Oct. 7, 2015. |
“Radius,” Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 12 pages [Retrieved and printed Oct. 11, 2013] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RADIUS. |
“Received signal strength indication,” Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Dec. 22, 2014; 2 pages. |
Rengarajan, Balaji, “A Semi-autonomous Algorithm for Self-organizing Dynamic Fractional Frequency Reuse on the Uplink of OFDMA Systems,” Dec. 14, 2009; 22 pages. |
“RSRP, EPRE, Total Power,” LTE Quick Reference from Sharetechnote.com; first published on or about Aug. 3, 2014; http://www.sharetechnote.com/html/Handbook—LTE—RSRP—EPRE—TotalPower.html. |
Ruby, Ruksana, et al., “Uplink Scheduling Solution for Enhancing Throughput and Fairness in Relayed Long-Term Evoluation Networks,” IET Communications 2014, vol. 8, Issue 6, Apr. 2014; 13 pages. |
Saad, Sawsan A., et al., “A Survey on Power Control Techniques in Femtocell Networks,” Journal of Communications vol. 8, No. 12, Dec. 2013; 10 pages. |
Sadiq, Bilal, et al., “Throughput Optimality of Delay-driven Max Weight Scheduler for a Wireless System with Flow Dynamics,” 47th Annual Allerton Conference, Sep. 30-Oct. 2, 2009, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois; 6 pages. |
Seo, H., et al., “A proportional-fair power allocation scheme for fair and efficient multiuser OFDM systems,” in Proc. Of IEEE GLOBECOM, Dec. 2004, Dallas (USA). |
Stefan Schwarz Etal: “Low complexity approximate maximum throughput scheduling for LTE,” 2010 44th ASILOMAR Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, Nov. 7-10, 2010, XP031860825, D0I:10.1109/ACSSC.2010.5757800ISBN:978-1-4244-9722-5 p. 1563-p. 1565. |
Stolyar A.L., et al., “Self-Organizing Dynamic Fractional Frequency Reuse for Best-Effort Traffic through Distributed Inter-Cell Coordination,” IEEE INFOCOM 2009, Proceedings of 28th Conference on Computer Communications, Apr. 12, 2009, pp. 1287-1295, XP031468882, ISBN:978-1-4244-3512-8. |
Tassiulas, L., et al., “Stability Properties of Constrained Queueing Systems and Scheduling Policies for Maximum Trhoughput in Multihop Radio Networks,” Technical Research Report,CSHCN TR 92-3/ISR TR 92-129, Center for Satellite & Hybrid Communication Networks, A NASA Center for the Commercial Development of Space; University of Maryland Institute for Systems Research; Published in IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 37, No. 12, Dec. 1992; 14 pages. |
Tayal, Nitin, “All About PDCCH and CCE Allocation,” Tayal's Way to Learn LTE, Tutorial Blog dated May 2013, 14 pages http://nitintayal-lte-tutorials.blogspot.com/2013/05/all-about-pdcch-and-cce-allocation.html. |
Thapa, Chandra, et al., “Comparative Evaluation of Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) and Traditional Frequency Reuse in 3GPP-LTE Downlink,” International Journal of Mobile Netework Communications & Telematics (IJMNCT) vol. 2, No. 4, Aug. 2012; 8 pages. |
“Transmission Time Interval,” from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, May 2, 2013. |
UKIPO Mar. 27, 2012 Search Report from GB Patent Application Serial No. GB1120462.5. |
UKIPO Jan. 19, 2013 Search Report from GB Patent Application Serial No. GB1120462.5. |
UKIPO Dec. 20, 2013 Search Report from GB Application Serial No. GB1312321.1, 6 pages. |
Wanda, Alex, “UMTS UTRAN Block Error Rate (BLER) Measurements,” Telecom Insights, Jan. 2011; 3 pages http://trends-in-telecoms.blogspot.com/2011/01/umts-utrans-block-error-rate-rate-bler.html. |
Wang, Jiao, “Dynamic Centralized Interference Coordination in Femto Cell Network with QoS Provision,” Latest Trends on Communications, Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Communications (Part of CSCC '14), Jul. 17-21, 2014; 6 pages. |
Weaver, Carl, “Self-Organizing Mobility Robustness Optimization in LTE Networks with eICIC,” Draft V5.0, Submitted Oct. 23, 2013, Cornell University Library, 19 pages http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.6173. |
“Whats is Uplink RSSI in LTE,” TelecomSource thread, May 22, 2013; 5 pages http://www.telecomsource.net/howthread.php?5464-Whats-is-Uplink-RSSI-in-LTE. |
Wubben, Dirk, et al., “Benefits and Impact of Cloud Computing on 5G Signal Processing,” IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, Nov. 2014. |
Xiong, Chao, “Enhanced ICIC for LTE-A HetNet,” ZTE Corporation, LTE World Summit 2012, May 2012; 3 pages. |
Zyren, Jim, “Overview of the 3GPP Long Term Evolution Physical Layer,” White Paper, Freescale Semiconductor, Document No. 3GPPEVOLUTIONWP; Jul. 2007; 27 pages. |
EPO Aug. 12, 2014 Extended EPO Search Report and Opinion from European Application Serial No. 13195780.8. |
EPO Nov. 19, 2015 Extended Search Report and Written Opinion from European Application EP13767700; 9 pages. |
EPO Mar. 26, 2015 Extended Search Report and Opinion from European Application Serial No. EP14190541. |
PCT Jul. 16, 2013 International Search Report and Written Opinion from International Application PCT/IL2013/050269, 3 pages. |
PCT Oct. 1, 2014 International Preliminary Report on Patentability from International Application PCT/IL2013/050269, 4 pages. |
PCT Jun. 16, 2014 International Search Report and Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority for International Application Serial No. PCT/IL2013/000085. |
PCT—Feb. 13, 2013 International Search Report and Written Opinion from International Application PCT/GB2012/052511; 28 pages. |
EPO Jan. 27, 2016 Extended Search Report and Written Opinion from European Application No. 15183582.4. |
Sabella, Dario, et al., “RAN as a Service: Challenges of Designing a Flexible RAN Architecture in a Cloud-based Heterogeneous Mobile Network,” Future Network Summit Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, Jul. 3-5, 2013; 8 pages. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/852,210, filed Sep. 11, 2015, entitled “System and Method for Providing Dynamic Radio Access Network Orchestration,” Inventors: Virginia Rosa de Sousa Teixeira, et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 15/008,045, filed Jan. 27, 2016, entitled “System and Method for Providing Dynamic Radio Access Network Orchestration,” Inventors: Virginia Rosa de Sousa Teixeira, et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/479,343, filed Sep. 7, 2014, entitled “Operation of Base Station in a Celllular Communication Network,” Inventor: Simon Burley. |
U.S. Appl. No. 15/015,691, filed Feb. 4, 2016, entitled “System and Method for Optimizing Performance of a Communication Network,” Inventor(s): Ziv Nuss, et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/818,084, filed Aug. 4, 2015 entitled “Resource Adaptation for Frequency Domain Downlink Inter-Cell Interference Coordination,” Inventors: Ritesh K. Madan et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/848,026, filed Sep. 8, 2015 entitled “Serving Noise/Macro Interference Limited User Equipment for Downlink Inter-Cell Interference Coordination,” Inventors: Ritesh K. Madan et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/811,580, filed Jul. 28, 2015 entitled “Determining Fractional Frequency Reuse Power Levels for Downlink Transmissions,” Inventor: Ritesh K. Madan. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/816,957, filed Aug. 3, 2015 entitled “Selecting Cells for Downlink Inter-Cell Interference Coordination,” Inventors: Rohit U. Nabar et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/816,990, filed Aug. 3, 2015 entitled “User Equipment Power Level Selection for Downlink Transmissions,” Inventors: Vikram Chandrasekhar et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/679,868, filed Apr. 6, 2015, entitled “System and Method for Managing Interference in a Network Environment Based on User Presence,” Inventors: Mark Grayson, et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/687,198, filed Apr. 15, 2015, entitled “System and Method for Managing Interference in a Network Environment Based on User Presence,” Inventors: Mark Grayson, et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/686,598, filed Apr. 14, 2015, entitled “System and Method for Providing Uplink Inter Cell Interference Coordination in a Network Environment,” Inventors: Ritesh K. Madan, et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/691,260, filed Apr. 20, 2015, entitled “System and Method for Providing Uplink Inter Cell Interference Coordination in a Network Environment,” Inventors: Ritesh K. Madan, et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/809,201, filed Jul. 25, 2015, entitled “System and Method to Facilitate Small Cell Uplink Power Control in a Network Environment,” Inventors: Ritesh K. Madan, et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/833,519, filed Aug. 24, 2015, entitled “System and Method to Facilitate Small Cell Uplink Powercontrol in a Network Environment,” Inventors: Ritesh K. Madan, et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/918,420, filed Oct. 20, 2015, entitled “System and Method for Frequency and Time Domain Downlink Inter-Cell Interference Coordination,” Inventors: Ritesh K. Madan, et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/951,987, filed Nov. 25, 2015, entitled “System and Method for Frequency and Time Domain Downlink Inter-Cell Interference Coordination,” Inventors: Ritesh K. Madan, et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/961,552, filed Dec. 7, 2015, entitled “System and Method to Provide Uplink Interference Coordination in a Network Environment,” Inventor: Ritesh K. Madan. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/993,859, filed Jan. 12, 2016, entitled “System and Method to Facilitate Centralized Radio Resource Management in a Split Radio Access Network Environment,” Inventor: Ritesh K. Madan. |
U.S. Appl. No. 15/002,187, filed Jan. 20, 2016, entitled “System and Method to Provide Small Cell Power Control and Load Balancing for High Mobility User Equipment in a Network Environment,” Inventor: Ritesh K. Madan. |
U.S. Appl. No. 15/013,844, filed Feb. 2, 2016, entitled “System and Method to Facilitate Subframe Scheduling in a Split Medium Access Control Radio Access Network Environment,” Inventor: Ian Neville Bendle, et al. |
U.S. Appl. No. 15/018,677, filed Feb. 8, 2016, entitled “Mitigation of Uplink Interference Within Heterogeneous Wireless Communications Networks,” Inventor: Pankaj Uplenchwar, et al. |
EPO Jul. 29, 2014 Extended Search Report from European Application Serial No. EP13195673, 12 pages. |
Ericsson, et al., “LPN Range Expansion in Co-Channel Deployment in Heterogeneous Networks,” 3GPP Draft R1-125219 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Mobile Competence Centre; 650; Route Des Lucioles; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis; Nov. 2012, 7pages XP050663076. |
Ericsson, et al., “On the Feasibility of Operational Carrier Selection,” 3GPP Draft R3-112991 , 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Mobile Competence Centre; 650; Route Des Lucioles; F06921 Sophia-Antipolis; Nov. 2011, 7 pages XP050566183. |
Nokia Corporation, et al., “SON WI Status Overview,” 3GPP Draft R2-093231, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Mobile Competence Centre; 650; Route Des Lucioles; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis; Apr. 2009 XP050340925. |
PCT Mar. 17, 2014 International Search Report and Written Opinion from International Application Serial No. PCT/IL2013/000086, 12 pages. |
Qualcomm Incorporation: “Design Objectives and Deployment Scenarios for Hetnets,” 3GPP Draft R1-124528, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Mobile Competence Centre; 650; Route Des Lucioles; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis; Sep. 2012, XP050662404. |
Research in Motion UK Limited, “Scoping the UMTS HetNet Study,” 3GPP Draft R1-124276, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Mobile Competence Centre; 650; Route Des Lucioles; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis; Sep. 2012; XP050662177. |
Telecom Italia, et al., “Self-optimization use case: self-tuning of cell reselction parameters for load balancing,” 3GPP Draft R3-071432, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Mobile Competence Centre; 650; Route Des Lucioles; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis; Aug. 2007 XP050162260. |
U.S. Appl. No. 14/801,381, filed Jul. 16, 2015, entitled “System and Method to Manage Network Utilization According to Wireless Backhaul and Radio Access Network Conditions,” Inventor: Ishwardutt Parulkar. |
“3GPP TS 23.401 V13.3.0 (Jun. 2015) Technical Specification: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access (Release 13),” 3rd Generation Partnership Project, 650 Route des Lucioles—Sophia Antipolis Valbonne—France, Jun. 2015; Sections 4 and 5 only. |
“Cisco's One Platform Kit (onePK),” Networking Software (IOS & NX-OS), Cisco Systems, Inc., First published on or about Mar. 3, 2014; 2 pages. |
“E Band,” from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Dec. 24, 2013; 3 pages. |
“EEM Configuration for Cisco Integrated Services Router Platforms,” Configuration Guide for Cisco IOS® Embedded Event Manager (EEM), Cisco Systems, Inc., Feb. 2008; 17 pages. |
“ETSI TS-136-423 V9.4.0 (Oct. 2010) Technical Specification: LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); X2 Application Protocol (X2AP) (3GPP TS 36.423 version 9.4.0 Release 9),” ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex—France, Oct. 2010, Section 8.3.8. |
“Fading,” from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Apr. 10, 2015; 6 pages. |
“Quadrature amplitude modulation,” from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Apr. 22, 2015; 11 pages. |
Bernardos, Carlos J., et al., “Challenges of Designing Jointly the Backhaul and Radio Access Network in a Cloud-based Mobile Network,” Future Network & Mobile Summit 2013 Conference Proceedings, Jul. 2013; 10 pages. |
Salim, Umer, et al., “State-of-the-art of and promising candidates for PHY layer approaches on access and backhaul network,” INFSO-ICT-317941 iJOIN D 2.1, iJOIN GA, Nov. 4, 2013; 129 pages. |
Velasco, Julio C., et al., “MEF Microwave Technologies for Carrier Ethernet,” Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF), 6033 W. Century Boulevard, Suite 1107, Los Angeles CA 90045 USA Jan. 2011; 23 pages. |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20150138981 A1 | May 2015 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 13693482 | Dec 2012 | US |
Child | 14592410 | US |