Patent Application
20120004796
This claims the benefit of French Priority Application FR 10 52472, filed Apr. 1, 2010 and hereby incorporated by reference herein.
The invention relates to the field of methods and systems for managing the circulation of a vehicle on a railway network.
In this document, the term “vehicle” refers to any vehicle capable of moving on a railway network, such as a train, tramway, or subway, for example.
A railway network is made up of various elementary objects, such as a track section with two end points, a track section with three end points or coupled switches, a signaling element, etc.
At a given moment, each object is in an interlocking state assuming a specific value among a plurality of predefined possible values.
To date, an interlocking logic is used to authorize a vehicle to move safely along a route of the railway. The interlocking logic is implemented by centralizing equipment, hereinafter called control unit, which controls the interlocking state of all of the elements composing the network.
The interlocking logic uses a route table that shows, for each possible route, the values of the interlocking states of the objects composing said route that must be simultaneously verified to authorize the vehicle to move safely on the considered route. The definition of the route table is a compromise between flexibility and operating possibilities, technical feasibility and cost, while also considering deadlocks between movements.
It is the control unit that, each moment, selects a route for a vehicle, modifies the interlocking state of the objects composing that route in compliance with the conditions mentioned in the route table, then, after verifying compliance with those conditions, authorizes the vehicle to move on the route.
The control unit thus manages the movement of all of the vehicles circulating, at any given moment, on the railway network.
The complexity of the route tables and the need for them to guarantee safe movements on the railway network that they describe, require that the route tables be generated manually, by experts. As a result, the creation of the route tables is a very costly step in terms of resources.
Lastly, this architecture does not permit to update easily an existing railway network. For example, the replacement or addition of an object must be followed by the rewriting of the route table and its qualification before it can be integrated at the control unit.
The invention aims to remedy the abovementioned problems.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for managing the circulation of vehicles on a railway network, characterized in that, the network being subdivided into a plurality of resources, each resource having an allocation state, assuming the value “allocated” or “unallocated,” and having an interlocking state, assuming one value from among a plurality of predetermined values, one or several resources being driven by a ground controller equipped with wireless communication means, a regulating unit capable of planning all of the movements of the vehicles circulating on the network, and being connected to fixed base stations, on the ground, including wireless communication means, and each vehicle circulating on the network including an onboard controller equipped with wireless communication means permitting to communicate with the ground controllers and base stations connected to the regulating unit, the method comprising:
According to specific embodiments, the method includes one or several of the following features, considered alone or according to all technically possible combinations:
The invention also relates to a controller onboard a vehicle circulating on a railway network, the network being subdivided into a plurality of resources that respectively have an allocation state, assuming the value “allocated” or “unallocated,” and an interlocking state, assuming one value from among a plurality of predetermined values, one or several resources of the network being associated with a single ground controller, each ground controller including: radio communication means; processing means permitting to allocate the associated resource and order a change in the interlocking state of the associated resource; driving means capable of determining the instantaneous interlocking state of the associated resource and, on command by the processing means, driving the associated resource according to the interlocking parameters of a received interlocking request, the onboard controller includes:
According to other specific embodiments, the onboard controller includes one or several of the following features, considered alone or according to all technically possible combinations:
The invention also relates to a ground controller capable of being associated with at least one resource of a railway network, the network being subdivided into a plurality of resources that respectively have an allocation state, assuming the value “allocated” or “unallocated,” and an interlocking state, assuming one value from amongst a plurality of predetermined values, and, onboard a train circulating on the network, an onboard controller including radio communication means and allocation and release means making it possible to generate a resource allocation request intended to be sent to the ground controller, or a resource interlocking request, which includes interlocking parameters, intended to be sent to the ground controller.
The ground controller includes:
According to specific embodiments, the ground controller includes one or several of the following features, considered alone or according to all technically possible combinations:
The invention also relates to a system for managing the circulation of vehicles on a railway network, characterized in that, the network being subdivided into a plurality of resources, each resource having an allocation state assuming the value “allocated” or “unallocated” and having an interlocking state, assuming one value from amongst a plurality of predetermined values, the system includes:
The invention and its advantages will be better understood upon reading the following description, provided solely as an example and done in reference to the appended drawings, in which:
The network 10 is subdivided into a plurality of objects that are, according to the invention, considered to be resources.
The network 10 includes other resources, such as signaling elements, for example, which are not described or shown for the sake of clarity of this description.
Each resource of the network 10 can be associated with one or several members 13. A member 13 can have a sensor function relative to the value of a characteristic parameter of the resource. A member 13 may have an actuating function permitting to modify the value of the corresponding characteristic parameter.
The instantaneous interlocking state of a resource is the combination of the values of several parameters permitting to completely characterize the state of the resource.
For example, in the case of a track section with two end points, a member including an induction sensor capable of detecting the presence of a train on the track section permit to determine the “occupied” or “unoccupied” occupation state of that track section.
Also for example, in the case of a signaling element, a member permit to modify the display state of the signaling element.
In
To manage the circulation of the trains on the network 10, a system for managing the circulation of the trains 15 is implemented.
The system 15 includes:
The principle of the invention lies in the fact that the circulation of trains is, on a first scale, planned by the regulating unit, and, on a second scale, smaller than the first, managed, safely, by each train's boardboard controller.
The planning by the regulating unit 31 of the circulation of a train includes the development of a mission sheet that is then sent to the train's boardboard controller.
The management by the boardboard controller of a train's circulation is done by implementing a protocol permitting to allocate, interlock, then release the necessary resources directly with the ROC with which they are associated. In this architecture, it is the boardboard controller that authorizes the movement, safely, of the train on the path made up of the resources allocated to the train and permitting it to continue the mission assigned to it.
In the embodiment described in detail here, a resource of the network 10 is associated with a single ROC. However, alternatively, several resources 10 can be associated with a single ROC. Each ROC and each resource are characterized by a unique identifier, on the network 10. In the following, one ROC per network resource is considered.
An ROC 11 is a computer including storage means, computation means, and input/output interfaces.
The purpose of an ROC 11 is to control the resource with which it is associated. An ROC is a machine connected, via a wired line that may for example be bidirectional, to the or each member of the resource with which the ROC is associated, so as to drive that resource. An ROC 11 is arranged physically close to the resource it controls.
For resources not having a member to drive, the ROC can be placed anywhere.
Each ROC 11 includes:
The means 110, 112 and 118 are preferably implemented in the form of computer programs whereof the instructions are stored in the storage means of the ROC 11 and are capable of being executed by the computation means of the ROC 11.
A boardboard controller 21 is a computer including storage means, computation means, and input/output interfaces.
Each boardboard controller 21, and as a result each train, is characterized by a unique identifier on the network 10.
Each boardboard controller 21 includes:
Preferably, these different means are implemented in the form of computer programs executed by the board controller 21.
Moreover, the storage means of the board controller 21 include a database 215 for describing the railway network 10 and a mission file 216 transmitted by the regulating unit 31.
The database 215 includes information providing a detailed description of the resources composing the network 10. The database 215 thus includes, for each resource of the network 10, the interlocking state of the resource and geographical positioning data for the resource, such as the geographic positions of the end points thereof.
The mission file 216 includes information corresponding to the journey the train 20 must make through the network 10. For example, the mission file 216 includes the departure point of the train 20, the arrival point of the train 20, and an ideal path through the network 10, i.e. all of the track sections that permit to connect the departure and arrival points, as well as characteristic points such as the commercial stops including information on the arrival and departure times the train 20 must respect.
Preferably, the positioning means 211 permit to determine the position of the head and the rear portion of the train 20.
Within a track section, the position of the train 20 can be determined precisely by taking into account a measurement of the distance traveled from a reference point, e.g. a beacon of the state of the art.
The identification means 212 generate a list of resources 217, based on the information contained in the database describing the resources 215, in the mission file 216, and the instantaneous position of the train given by the positioning means 211.
A list 217 corresponds to a group of resources that, if they were allocated to the train and if they were located respectively in a required interlocking state, would permit the train to continue its mission along a path of the railway network 10 corresponding to that group of identified resources.
Thus, a list 217 includes one row per resource from the group of identified resources and columns respectively corresponding to:
The estimating means 218 are capable of determining at least one speed profile on a path corresponding to a group of potential resources. From this speed profile, the means 218 are capable of estimating the passage moments of the train at particular points of said path. As a function of these passage moments, the identification means 212 determine the time slot in which each resource must be allocated to the train. The time slot thus required can take into account suitable safety margins, in particular the time necessary for the interlocking of the resource.
When the verification means 214 are executed, they determine whether all of the resources of a list 217 have indeed been allocated to the train 20, and whether all of the resources of a list 217 have the required interlocking state.
When the resource allocation/release means 213 are executed, they perform the allocation, interlocking, and release phases of a group of identified resources, according to the protocol described below, by reading and writing in a list 217, by generating the messages to be transmitted to the ROCs, and by processing the messages coming from the ROCs, via the radio communication means 210.
The system for managing the circulation of trains 15 also includes a regulating unit 31.
The regulating unit 31 includes planning means 310 permitting, on the network 10 scale, to develop the missions of the different trains circulating on said network 10. A train's mission is developed taking into account any restrictions imposed on the movement of the train in question, by the missions of other trains circulating on the network 10.
Preferably, a first train's mission is regularly updated so as, for example, to take into account an event affecting the performance of another train's mission, and thereby modifying the restrictions taken into account during the initial development of the first train's mission.
The regulating unit 31 is connected, for example through a TCP/IP network 33, to a plurality of fixed base stations 32 on the ground. Preferably, the base stations are distributed along the tracks of the network 10 to offer continuous coverage of the network 10. The base stations 32 include communication means 320 adapted to communicate with the board controller 21 of a train circulating on the network 10. Preferably, these radio communication means 320 are compatible with the radio communication means 210 of the board controller 21.
It is then possible to exchange data between the board controller 21 of the train 20 and the regulating unit 31: in downlink communication, the regulating unit communicates, aboard, the mission file 216 for the train 20, which it has just developed or updated; in uplink communication, the board controller 21 communicates its instantaneous position to the regulating unit 31 so that it can update the missions of the train 20 and of other trains circulating on the network 10.
The method for managing the circulation of trains on the network 10 implemented by the system 15 will now be described.
The file 216 describing the mission assigned to the train 20 is downloaded by the onboard controller 21 from the regulating unit 31 via a base station 32. This may be the first base station 32 that the train 20 encounters when it starts along the network 10, for example, at the train station or the exit of a maintenance garage or a depot, the mission file 216 then corresponding to the mission initially assigned to the train 20. It can also be an intermediate base station 32 for downloading a mission file corresponding to an update of the initial mission file.
At this moment, the train 20 is circulating on a path of the railway network 10 described by a list 217a stored by the board controller 21. This current path includes, for example, track sections 1 and 2.
To continue its movement and the performance of its mission, the method according to the invention provides a phase for allocating a group of resources and a phase for engaging the resources of the group of allocated resources.
The allocation phase shown in
In an identification step a, the identification means 212 are executed. They use the mission file 216, the database 215 for describing the resources composing the network 10, the instantaneous position of the train 20 delivered by the positioning means 211, to generate a group of potential resources. The identification means 212 call the estimating means 218 to develop, from this group of potential resources and for an upcoming required time slot, a group of resources identified as permitting the train to continue its mission by taking the path corresponding to those resources, on the condition that the latter have been allocated to the train 20 and are placed in a required interlocking state. The identification means 212 then generate a list 217b corresponding to said group of identified resources.
For example, in
Once the list 217b has been placed in the storage means of the board controller 21, the allocation/release means 213, which monitor the storage means of the board controller 21, are executed in a step b for developing resource allocation request messages. The means 213 develop as many requests as there are resources in the list 217b. Each request includes the identifier of the requesting train and the identifier of the requested resource.
In step c, the communication means 210 of the board controller 21, controlled by the means 213, emit radio signals corresponding to the different resource allocation requests.
In step d, the communication means 110 of an ROC 11 pick up the different radio signals received and only transmit the messages including the identifier for said ROC (identifier identical to that of the resource with which the ROC is associated) to the processing means 118.
In step e, the processing means 118 read the allocation table 116 to determine whether the resource can be allocated to the requesting train.
In step f, only when the table 116 indicates that the resource does not have a pending reservation, the processing means 118 allocate the resource to the requesting train, writing the identifier of the requesting train in the cell of the table 116.
Once a resource has been allocated, it cannot be allocated to another train, as long as the train to which it has been allocated does not interlock it.
In step g, the processing means 118 of the ROC 11 develop an allocation response message. This response includes the identifier of the requesting train, the identifier of the requested resource, and the current state of reservations and interlockings.
In step h, the communication means 110 emit a radio signal corresponding to this allocation response.
In step j, the communication means 210 of the board controller 21 pick up and decode the various signals that reach them, and only transmit the messages that include the identifier of the train 20 to the allocation/release means 213.
In step k, when the allocation response indicates that the requested resource has indeed been allocated to the train, the means 213 update the allocation field corresponding to that resource in the list 217b. The “allocated” value (+1) is written in the resource's allocation field.
When the allocation response indicates that the requested resource cannot be allocated to the train, the means 213 update the allocation field for that resource by writing the “unallocated” value (0) there.
At the end of a predetermined duration after step c of issuing resource allocation requests, the verification means 214 are executed by the onboard controller 21 to verify whether, yes or no, all of the resources from the list 217b have indeed been allocated to the train 20. The verification means 214 then test the value of the allocation field for each of the resources in the list 215 (step 1).
In case of positive verification, indicating that all of the requested resources from the list 217b have been allocated to the train 20, that no reservation is pending, and/or that no interlocking has interlocking parameters that are incompatible with the requested interlocking parameters, the group of identified resources is considered a group of allocated resources (step m) and the method goes to the interlocking phase, which will be described below.
In case of negative verification, i.e. when at least one of the resources from the list 217b is indicated as not being able to be allocated to the train 20, the identification means 212 are executed again to generate another list 217c corresponding to another group of identified resources. The information relative to the resources from the list 217b that could not be allocated to the train 20 may be used by the means 212 during this new identification of a group of resources (step a).
In case of incomplete verification, i.e. when several allocation fields from the list 217b still include the value NULL (and no “0” value) when the verification occurs, additional time is given and the verification means 214 are executed again several moments later. The allocation/release means 213 may be executed again to carry out steps b and c on the resources from the list 217b that are not yet allocated to the train 20. If, during the following verification, some of the allocation fields from the list 217b remain at a NULL value, the verification is considered negative, and the board controller 21 tries to identify another group of resources (step a).
The interlocking phase, illustrated in
When a group of resources is indicated as being allocated, the board controller 21 executes the allocation/release means 213 to develop a plurality of resource interlocking request messages (step b′). The means 213 develop as many requests as there are resources in the list 217b. Each resource interlocking request includes the identifier for the requesting train, the identifier for the requested resource, and the interlocking parameters required for that resource.
In step c′, the communication means 210 of the board controller 21, controlled by the means 213, emit radio signals corresponding to the various resource interlocking requests.
In step d′, the communication means 110 of an ROC 11 pick up and decode the different radio signals received and only transmit the messages including the identifier of the ROC 11 to the processing means 118.
In step e′, after having verified that the identifier of the requesting train mentioned in the request corresponds to the identifier indicated in the allocation table 116, the processing means 118 compare the requested interlocking parameters with the parameters of the instantaneous interlocking state of the resource indicated in the state table 114. If the instantaneous state parameters of the resource are different from the requested interlocking parameters, the processing means 118 control the driving means 112 of the members of the resource in compliance with the requested interlocking parameters.
In step f1′, the or each member 13 modifies the value of the corresponding characteristic parameter according to the required state.
In step f2′, the members 13 transmit the current values of the parameter to the driving means 112, which update the state table 114.
In step g′, the processing means 112 develop a resource interlocking response message. This response includes the identifier of the requesting train, the identifier for the requested resource, and the instantaneous interlocking state of the resource read in the state table 114.
In step h′, the communication means 110 of the ROC 11 emit a radio signal corresponding to the interlocking response.
In step j′, the communication means 210 of the board controller 21 pick up and decode the various signals that reach them, and only transfer the messages that include the identifier of the train 20 to the allocation/release means 213.
When the interlocking response indicates that the requested resource has been placed according to the requested interlocking parameters, the means 213 write, in the interlocking field corresponding to that resource, the value “1” (value k′).
At the end of a predetermined duration after the transmission of the resource interlocking requests, the verification means 214 are executed to verify whether all of the resources from the list 217b have indeed been interlocked according to the requested interlocking parameters. The means 214 then test the value of the interlocking field of each of the resources from the list 217b (step 1′).
When all of the resources are correctly interlocked, the verification means 214 authorize the train 20 to advance and start out on the path of the network 10 corresponding to the group of resources from the list 217b (step m′).
When some of the resources are not correctly interlocked, the means 214 do not deliver the movement authorization and steps b′ and c′ may be iterated, at least for the incorrectly interlocked resources.
Once the onboard controller 21 sees that the rear portion of the train 20 has crossed one of the resources from the list 217b, the identification means 212 are executed again to identify the next path of the network to be used (return to step a) and the allocation/release means 213 of the onboard controller 21 are executed to release this resource from the list 217b. This release phase can also take place on a list of resources that are identified, but have not been able to be allocated to the train. This release phase is shown in
In step b″, from the list 217b, the means 213 develop resource release request messages. Each request includes the identifier for the requesting train, and the identifier of the resource to be released.
In step c″, the communication means 210 emit radio signals corresponding to these requests to release resources towards the various ROCs 11.
In step d″, the communication means 110 of an ROC 11 pick up the different received radio signals and only transmit the messages including said ROC's identifier to the processing means 118.
In step e″, the means 118 process the release request by reading, in the allocation table 116, the identifier of the train to which the resource was allocated. If the read identifier corresponds to the identifier of the train indicated in the request, the means 118 modify the allocation state (step f″) of the resource by writing the value “unallocated” in the cell of the allocation table 116.
Only at that moment, the resource is released if no other reservation and/or no other interlocking has been recorded.
In step g″, the processing means 112 develops a release response message. This response includes the identifier of the requesting train and the identifier of the requested resource.
In step h″, the communication means 110 of the ROC 11 emit a radio signal corresponding to the release request.
In step j″, the communication means 210 of the board controller 21 pick up and decode the different received signals, and only transfer the messages that include the identifier of the train 20 to the allocation/release means 213.
When the release response indicates that the resource has been released, the means 213 write the value “2” in the allocation field for that resource (step k″).
At the end of a predetermined period after step c″ for issuing resource release requests, the verification means 214 are executed to verify whether, yes or no, all of the resources from the list 217b have indeed been released. The verification means 216 then test the value of the allocation field for each of the resources of the list 217b (step 1″).
In this method, there is no overbooking of a resource. On the other hand a resource can be interlocked by several trains for identical requested interlocking parameters.
Moreover, there is no connection between two resources on the network. Only the simultaneous allocation of two resources to the same train creates a “virtual” connection between those two resources.
Alternatively, the identification means 212 simultaneously identify several groups of resources corresponding respectively to alternative paths on the network, which the train can follow to perform its mission. Once the verification means 214 detect that groups of resources have been entirely allocated to the train 20, the other groups are released by executing the release means 213 on each of the other lists of resources.
In still another alternative, the identification means 212 implement an initial step for questioning the ground controllers 11 preset in the environment of the train 20 to determine the allocation state of the associated resources. This embodiment can advantageously be done using a protocol for exchanging request and response messages similar to the protocols previously described. Prior knowledge of the allocation state of the potential resources facilitates the identification strictly speaking of a group of identified resources.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 52472 | Apr 2010 | FR | national |
