Patent Application
20230071809
The present disclosure relates to a method for forming a screw thread on a metal pipe.
As an usual practice, for example, a method for forming a screw thread on a metal pipe as disclosed in Patent document 1 includes providing an outer forming die and an inner forming die, the outer forming die consisting of a pair of outer split dies opposing one another, the inner forming die consisting of a pair of inner split dies corresponding to the respective outer split dies of the outer forming die, and pressing an outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe with outer forming surfaces of the outer split dies by moving the outer forming surfaces toward one another in a state where the metal pipe is placed between the outer split dies, the outer forming surfaces curved to correspond to the outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe and including a rib portion that has a shape corresponding to the screw thread, while pressing an inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe with inner forming surfaces of the inner split dies by moving the inner forming surfaces away from one another in a state where the inner split dies are inserted into the metal pipe, the inner forming surfaces including a recessed groove portion that has a shape corresponding to the screw thread and is curved to correspond to the inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe, to thereby form a helical formed part on the metal pipe between the rib portion and the recessed groove portion, the helical formed part being the screw thread.
When a screw thread is formed on a metal pipe by means of the method as disclosed in Patent document 1, a partial region of the metal pipe is highly stretched in a direction of plate thickness of the metal pipe and has significantly reduced plate thickness as compared to other regions of the metal pipe, resulting in lower strength and rigidity of the partial region. Particularly, when a fuel filling pipe is produced by means of the method as disclosed in Patent document 1, a region near one end portion of a metal pipe is subject to expansion forming and subsequently, a screw thread is formed in the expansion formed portion, thus resulting in apparently lowered rigidity and strength due to the reduced plate thickness.
The present disclosure is made in view of the foregoing and an object of the present disclosure is to reduce lowering in rigidity and strength of a metal pipe to a minimum when a screw thread is formed on the metal pipe.
To address the object, the present disclosure is characterized by carrying out, before the screw thread is formed at a predetermined location on the metal pipe, a preforming step in a region where the screw thread is to be formed.
Specifically, a method for forming a screw thread on a metal pipe in which a screw thread extending about a cylinder center line of the metal pipe is formed on the metal pipe is provided and the following aspects are then applied.
According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, the method includes holding the metal pipe using a clamping die having a clamping surface including a preforming surface portion corresponding to the screw thread, and thereafter pressing an end portion of the metal pipe with a pressing die in a direction of the cylinder center line to thereby form a primary formed portion on the metal pipe, the primary formed portion having a shape corresponding to the preforming surface portion and extending helically about the cylinder center line; and subsequently, aligning either one of a rib portion or a recessed groove portion provided on an outer forming surface of an outer forming die with the primary formed portion, the outer forming surface curved to correspond to an outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe, the rib portion or the recessed groove portion having a shape corresponding to the screw thread, and thereafter pressing the outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe with the outer forming surface by moving the outer forming die toward the cylinder center line, while inserting an inner forming die into the metal pipe and aligning another of the rib portion or the recessed groove portion provided on an inner forming surface of the inner forming die with the primary formed portion, the inner forming surface curved to correspond to an inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe, and thereafter pressing the inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe with the inner forming surface by moving the inner forming die away from the cylinder center line, to thereby form a final formed portion on the metal pipe between the rib portion and the recessed groove portion, the final formed portion serving as the screw thread.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure which is an embodiment of the first aspect, the preforming surface portion includes a recessed strip that is open on a side corresponding to the metal pipe, and the outer forming surface of the outer forming die includes the rib portion and the inner forming surface of the inner forming die includes the recessed groove portion.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure which is an embodiment of the second aspect, the preforming surface portion includes a pair of inclined side surface portions and a curved surface portion, the pair of inclined side surface portions extending away from the outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe held by the clamping die and opposing one another to be progressively closer to one another as extending away, the curved surface portion belt-shaped to connect extension ends of the inclined side surface portions and gently curved such that its midsection in a width direction is located on a metal pipe side.
According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure which is an embodiment of the first aspect, the preforming surface portion includes a rib protruding on a side corresponding to the metal pipe, and the outer forming surface of the outer forming die includes the rib portion and the inner forming surface of the inner forming die includes the recessed groove portion.
According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure which is an embodiment of any one of the first to fourth aspects, the outer forming die includes a pair of outer split dies movable toward and away from one another, and the outer split dies have a length more than or equal to one-fourth of a circumference of the metal pipe, and the inner forming die includes a pair of inner split dies being movable toward and away from one another and corresponding to the respective outer split dies, and the method further includes, after placing the metal pipe between the outer split dies, pressing the outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe with outer forming surfaces of the outer split dies by moving the outer split dies toward one another while pressing the inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe with inner forming surfaces of the inner split dies by moving the inner split dies away from one another and thereafter, rotating the metal pipe by 90 degrees about the cylinder center line, and subsequently, pressing the outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe with the outer forming surfaces of the outer split dies by moving the outer split dies toward one another while pressing the inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe with the inner forming surfaces of the inner split dies by moving the inner split dies away from one another, to thereby form the final formed portion.
In the first aspect of the present disclosure, the pressing movement of the pressing die applies compression force to the metal pipe in the direction of the cylinder center line and thus, a portion of the metal pipe, which corresponds to the preforming surface portion and in which the screw thread is to be formed, is deformed inwardly or outwardly of the metal pipe while retaining its plate thickness, in order to provide the primary formed portion. Even when the primary formed portion of the metal pipe is deformed thereafter by the rib portion and the recessed groove portion corresponding to one another, an amount of stretch of the primary formed portion of the metal pipe in a direction of the plate thickness until the primary formed portion is processed to be the final formed portion is thus decreased, reducing lowering in rigidity and strength due to decreased plate thickness to a minimum.
In the second aspect of the present disclosure, a direction of deformation of the primary formed portion formed by the preforming surface portion and a direction of deformation of the final formed portion are opposite, thus canceling residual stresses on the portions to provide good formability. The primary formed portion of the metal pipe is thus easier to deform, enabling avoidance of, for example, cracking during the forming to unfailingly form the screw thread.
In the third aspect of the present disclosure, the primary formed portion formed by the preforming surface portion has a substantially triangular cross section and a tip portion of the primary formed portion has an indentation. When the outer forming die is moved toward the metal pipe after forming the primary formed portion, the rib portion thus fits in the tip portion of the primary formed portion. This reduces variations in forming operation, enabling the shape of the final formed portion to be formed with good precision.
In the fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a direction of deformation of the primary formed portion formed by the preforming surface portion and a direction of deformation of the final formed portion are the same. Thus, when the primary formed portion is deformed into the final formed portion between the rib portion of the outer forming die and the recessed groove portion of the inner forming die, force applied to the metal pipe can be reduced as compared to that of the arrangement as in the second aspect, enabling improvement of processing efficiency.
In the fifth aspect of the present disclosure, even when the screw thread is shaped to extend helically more than or equal to half of the circumference of the metal pipe about the cylinder center line, the screw thread can be formed by the pairs of outer forming dies and inner forming dies, without having multiple forming operations. This enables a low-cost and efficiently forming arrangement.
Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the drawings. It is noted that the following description of preferred embodiments is merely an example in nature.
The first forming operation section 2 includes a first forming unit 4 including a clamping die 5 for holding the metal pipe 10 and a pressing die 6 for pressing the metal pipe 10.
The clamping die 5 includes a pair of clamping split dies 5a movable toward and away from one another. A clamping surface 5b of each of the clamping split dies 5a is curved to correspond to the outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10.
A preforming surface portion 5c is formed on the clamping surface 5b at a predetermined position and includes a recessed strip that is open on a side corresponding to the metal pipe 10.
As shown in
The pressing die 6 has a short, substantially cylindrical shape and is capable of moving forward and rearward in a direction of a center line C2.
The pressing die 6 includes an insertion portion 6a in a front portion thereof in the forward and rearward movement direction, the insertion portion 6a having an outer diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the metal pipe 10; a base portion 6b that is a portion of the pressing die 6 other than the insertion portion 6a, the base portion 6b having an outer diameter larger than an outer diameter of the metal pipe 10; and a pressing portion 6c including a stepped portion extending annularly about the center line C2 between the insertion portion 6a and the base portion 6b.
When the metal pipe 10 is held by the clamping split dies 5a of the clamping die 5, the cylinder center line C1 of the metal pipe 10 is aligned with the center line C2 of the pressing die 6. The forward movement of the pressing die 6 then allows the insertion portion 6a of the pressing die 6 to be inserted into the metal pipe 10, and the pressing portion 6c to press an end portion of the metal pipe 10 in a direction of the cylinder center line C1. A side wall of the metal pipe 10 that is pressed by the pressing portion 6c is then deformed into a shape conforming to the preforming surface portion 5c and the primary formed portion 11a extending helically about the cylinder center line C1 is formed on the metal pipe 10.
The second forming operation section 3 includes a secondary forming unit 12 including: an outer forming die 7 having a pair of outer split dies 7a movable toward and away from one another; an inner forming die 8 having a pair of inner split dies 8a being movable toward and away from one another and corresponding to the respective outer split dies 7a; and slider die 9 having a truncated pyramid shape and being slidable in a direction orthogonal to a direction where the inner split dies 8a are arranged in parallel.
The outer split dies 7a have a length more than or equal to one-fourth of the circumference of the metal pipe 10. As shown in
The outer forming surfaces 7b each include a rib portion 7c having a shape corresponding to the screw thread 11.
When the outer split dies 7a are then moved toward one another in a state where the metal pipe 10 is placed between the outer split dies 7a and the rib portions 7c of the outer forming surfaces 7b are each aligned with the primary formed portion 11a, the outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10 is pressed by the outer forming surfaces 7b of the outer split dies 7a.
The inner split dies 8a have a dimension corresponding to the outer split dies 7a and the inner split dies 8a include respective inner forming surfaces 8b opposing one another and curved to correspond to the inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10.
The inner forming surfaces 8b each include a recessed groove portion 8c having a shape corresponding to the screw thread 11, and a cross section of the recessed groove portion 8c is substantially bowl-shaped.
An inner forming surface 8b of one of the inner split dies 8a includes a pair of recessed groove portions 8c arranged in parallel and an inner forming surface 8b of another of the inner split dies 8a includes one recessed groove portion 8c.
The inner split dies 8a include respective cam surfaces 8d on surfaces thereof opposing one another, and the cam surfaces 8d have a curved shape in a cross sectional view to correspond to an outer circumferential surface of the slider die 9 and are inclined to be progressively closer to one another toward one end along the direction orthogonal to the direction where the inner split dies 8a are arranged in parallel. The slider die 9 is located between the cam surfaces 8d.
The slider die 9 has its center line C3 aligning with the cylinder center line C1 of the metal pipe 10 when the metal pipe 10 is placed in the secondary forming unit 12.
When the slider die 9 is then slid into the metal pipe 10 along a direction of the center line C3 in a state where the inner split dies 8a and the slider die 9 are inserted in the metal pipe 10 and one of the recessed groove portions 8c of the one of the inner split dies 8a and the recessed groove portion 8c of the other of the inner split dies 8a are each aligned with the primary formed portion 11a, the outer circumferential surface of the slider die 9 is in sliding contact with the cam surfaces 8d of the inner split dies 8a to move the inner split dies 8a to be spaced away from one another. This spacing movement of the inner split dies 8a causes the inner forming surfaces 8b of the inner split dies 8a to press the inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10. Thus, the movement of the outer split dies 7a toward the cylinder center line C1 causes the outer forming surfaces 7b to press the outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10 and the movement of the inner split dies 8a away from the cylinder center line C1 causes the inner forming surfaces 8b to press the inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10. Thereby, part of the final formed portion 11b is formed on the metal pipe 10 between the rib portions 7c and the corresponding recessed groove portions 8c, the part of the final formed portion 11b included in the screw thread 11 extending helically, approximately around the circumference, about the cylinder center line C1.
After pressing the outer and inner circumferential surfaces of the metal pipe 10 with the pair of the outer split dies 7a and the pair of the inner split dies 8a, respectively, when the metal pipe 10 is rotated by 90 degrees about the cylinder center line C1 and the outer split dies 7a are again moved toward one another to press the outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10 with the outer forming surfaces 7b and the inner split dies 8a are moved away from one another to press the inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10 with the inner forming surfaces 8b as shown in
Next, formation of a metal pipe 10 by using the forming apparatus 1 is described in detail.
First, as shown in
As shown in
In this operation, the cylinder center line C1 of the metal pipe 10 is aligned with the cylinder center line C2 of the pressing die 6 and spaces Si are formed between the preforming surface portions 5c of the clamping surfaces 5b of the clamping split dies 5a and the outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10.
The forward movement of the pressing die 6 then allows the insertion portion 6a of the pressing die 6 to be inserted into the metal pipe 10 from the one end of the metal pipe 10, and the pressing portion 6c to press an end portion of the metal pipe 10 in a direction of the cylinder center line C1. As shown in
Thereafter, as shown in
As shown in
As shown in
Thus, when the outer forming surfaces 7b of the outer split dies 7a press the outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10 and the inner forming surfaces 8b of the inner split dies 8a press the inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10, the primary formed portion 11a of the metal pipe 10 between the rib portions 7c and the corresponding recessed groove portions 8c is deformed inwardly of the metal pipe 10 to form part of the final formed portion 11b along the rib portions 7c and the corresponding recessed groove portions 8c.
Subsequently, after the outer split dies 7a are moved away from one another and the slider die 9 is moved rearward to move the inner split dies 8a toward one another, the metal pipe 10 is rotated by 90 degrees about the cylinder center line C1 and the outer split dies 7a are again moved toward one another to press the outer circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10 with the outer forming surfaces 7b and the inner split dies 8a are moved away from one another to press the inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10 with the inner forming surfaces 8b, as shown in
Next, evaluation results of a rate of decrease of plate thickness for a screw thread 11 formed by the method according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure are explained.
As shown in
According to the first embodiment of the present disclosure, the pressing movement of the pressing die 6 applies compression force to the metal pipe 10 in the direction of the cylinder center line C1 and thus, a portion of the metal pipe 10, which corresponds to the preforming surface portion 5c and in which the screw thread is to be formed, is deformed outwardly of the metal pipe 10 while retaining its plate thickness, in order to provide the primary formed portion 11a. Even when the primary formed portion 11a of the metal pipe 10 is deformed thereafter by the rib portions 7c and the recessed groove portions 8c corresponding to one another, an amount of stretch of the primary formed portion 11a in the metal pipe 10 in a direction of the plate thickness until the primary formed portion 11a is processed to be the final formed portion 11b is thus decreased, enabling reduction of lowering in rigidity and strength due to decreased plate thickness.
A direction of deformation of the primary formed portion 11a formed by the preforming surface portion 5c and a direction of deformation of the final formed portion 11b are then opposite, thus canceling residual stresses on the portions to provide good formability. The primary formed portion 11a of the metal pipe 10 is thus easier to deform, enabling avoidance of, for example, cracking during the forming to unfailingly form the screw thread 11.
The primary formed portion 11a formed by the preforming surface portions 5c has a substantially triangular cross section and a tip portion of the primary formed portion 11a has an indentation. When the outer forming dies 7 are moved toward the metal pipe 10 after forming the primary formed portion 11a, the rib portions 7c thus fit in the tip portion of the primary formed portion 11a. This reduces variations in forming operation, enabling the shape of the final formed portion 11b to be formed with good precision.
Further, the metal pipe 10 is rotated about the cylinder center line C1 to form the final formed portion 11b between the outer forming dies 7 and the inner forming dies 8 in two types of postures. Even when the screw thread 11 is shaped to extend helically more than or equal to half of the circumference of the metal pipe 10 about the cylinder center line C1, the screw thread 11 thus can be formed by the pairs of the outer forming dies 7 and the inner forming dies 8, without having multiple forming operations. This enables a low-cost and efficiently forming arrangement.
The preforming surface portions 5c of the clamping surfaces 5b of the clamping die 5 in the second embodiment include a rib protruding on a side corresponding to a metal pipe 10 and the rib part has a cross sectional shape smaller than that of the rib portion 7c.
The insertion portion 6a of the pressing die 6 in the second embodiment includes an interference avoidance portion 6d in an approximately front half portion thereof in the forward and rearward directions, the interference avoidance portion 6d having an outer diameter further smaller than that of an approximately rear half portion of the insertion portion 6a in the forward and rearward directions.
When the metal pipe 10 is held by the clamping split dies 5a of the clamping die 5, a ribbed preformed portion 11c is formed on an inner circumferential surface of the metal pipe 10 by the preforming surface portions 5c as shown in
Next, formation of a metal pipe 10 by using the forming apparatus 1 of the second embodiment is described in detail.
First, in the primary forming unit 4 of the primary forming operation section 2, a metal pipe 10 before forming is placed between the pair of the clamping split dies 5a of the clamping die 5 which are being moved away from one another, with its cylinder center line C1 extending horizontally, and thereafter, the clamping split dies 5a are moved toward one another. As shown in
Subsequently, as shown in
Formation of the final formed portion 11b in the second forming operation section 3 of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment and detailed explanation is thus omitted.
Next, evaluation results of a rate of decrease of plate thickness for a screw thread 11 formed by the method according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure are explained.
As shown in
According to the second embodiment of the present disclosure, a direction of deformation of the primary formed portion 11a formed by the preforming surface portions 5c and a direction of deformation of the final formed portion 11b are the same. Thus, when the primary formed portion 11a is deformed into the final formed portion 11b between the rib portions 7c of the outer forming dies 7 and the corresponding recessed groove portions 8c of the inner forming dies 8, force applied to the metal pipe 10 can be reduced as compared to that of the arrangement as in the first embodiment, enabling improvement of processing efficiency.
In the first and second embodiments of the present disclosure, the outer forming surfaces 7b of the outer forming dies 7 include the rib portions 7c and the inner forming surfaces 8b of the inner forming dies 8 include the recessed groove portions 8c, in order to form the final formed portion 11b on the metal pipe 10; however, the outer forming surfaces 7b of the outer forming dies 7 may include the recessed groove portions 8c and the inner forming surfaces 8b of the inner forming dies 8 may include the rib portions 7c, in order to form the final formed portion 11b on the metal pipe 10.
The present disclosure is suitable for a method for forming a screw thread on a metal pipe.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020-015083 | Jan 2020 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2020/033550 | 9/4/2020 | WO |
