Method for producing a cutting head

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 11565356
  • Patent Number
    11,565,356
  • Date Filed
    Friday, July 13, 2018
    6 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, January 31, 2023
    a year ago
Abstract
A method for producing a replaceable cutting head is described. The replaceable cutting head is manufactured by extruding a blank. During extrusion of the blank, a number of helical coolant channels and a number of helical flutes are simultaneously formed. After extrusion, the flutes have a first angle of twist (D1), and the coolant channels have a second angle of twist (D2). After extrusion, the blank is sintered and then reworked to selectively adjust the first angle of twist (D1) and the pitch of the flutes. The method produces an endless blank that is capable of being parted off to a desired length without any sacrificial allowance, which provides significant material and cost savings as compared to conventional methods.
Description
RELATED APPLICATION DATA

The present application claims priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 119(a) to German Patent Application No. 102017212054.1 filed Jul. 13, 2017, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.


FIELD

The invention relates to a method for producing a cutting head as well as to the corresponding cutting head.


BACKGROUND

Cutting heads are generally inserted into a base body, carrier, or shaft of a cutting tool, e.g., a drill, on the front end. For this purpose, the base body generally comprises a receptacle into which the cutting head is inserted. The cutting head and the base body are connected to each other by means of suitable coupling elements.


The cutting head is often manufactured from a particularly durable material, e.g., hard metal, whereas the mechanical requirements for the base body are generally different and the base body is then, for example, manufactured from a more inexpensive material, e.g., steel.


In a possible production method for a cutting head, a blank is first preformed, e.g., from hard metal, then sintered, and subsequently reworked. During preforming, coolant channels can be formed in the blank at the same time. During reworking, flutes as well as major and minor cutting edges are then ground in and the cutting head is generally brought into the desired final shape. Such a production method is very complex and, first and foremost, very material-intensive particularly with respect to the reworking.


SUMMARY

Against this background, it is an aim of the invention to specify an improved method for producing a cutting head. The production of the cutting head is to be as material-saving as possible. A corresponding cutting head is moreover to be specified. This cutting head is accordingly to be producible more cost-effectively.


The aim is achieved according to the invention by a method with the features according to claim 1 and by a cutting head with the features according to claim 9. Advantageous embodiments, refinements and variants are the subject-matter of the dependent claims. In this respect, the embodiments in connection with the method also apply accordingly to the cutting head, and vice versa.


The method serves to produce a cutting head for a cutting tool. The cutting tool is a rotary tool, e.g., a drill. The cutting head is also called a cutting insert. The cutting head can be mounted on the front end of a base body of the cutting tool, e.g., by means of appropriate coupling elements. The cutting head is manufactured from a blank, wherein the blank is produced by means of extrusion, i.e., the blank is formed from a material to be extruded, i.e., a material which is extruded.


During the extrusion, a number of coolant channels is formed. These coolant channels extend longitudinally within the blank. The coolant channels are, for example, formed by means of nylon threads, which serve as placeholders during extrusion. In the cutting head, the coolant channels serve in particular to supply coolant or lubricant. A number of flutes is moreover formed during extrusion. In contrast to the coolant channels, which run inside the blank, the flutes are formed as recesses on the outside of the blank. The flutes in the cutting head serve in particular to transport away chips removed by the cutting head. The number of coolant channels preferably corresponds to the number of flutes.


The coolant channels and the flutes are in each case formed helically during extrusion. The coolant channels and the flutes thus in each case follow a helical course about a longitudinal axis of the blank. The coolant channels and the flutes in each case have a pitch, namely the coolant channels a coolant channel pitch and the flutes a flute pitch. The coolant channel pitch and the flute pitch are in principle the same after extrusion. In other words, in consequence of the manufacturing technology, the pitches are the same since the coolant channels and the flutes are formed together during extrusion, i.e., substantially at the same time, i.e., precisely not in separate method steps. During extrusion, a direction of rotation is imprinted onto the extruded material so that the coolant channels and the flutes are automatically produced helically. As a result, a blank with helical coolant channels and helical flutes is produced directly during extrusion. The particular pitch results in an angle of twist, namely a coolant channel angle for the coolant channels and a flute angle for the flutes, in which they are respectively positioned in relation to the longitudinal axis. The angles of twist are generally not identical, namely when the coolant channels are arranged further inward in the radial direction than the flutes.


After extrusion, the flutes have a pitch, namely a flute pitch, which initially corresponds to a pitch of the coolant channels, i.e., a coolant channel pitch. The flute pitch also determines the angle of twist of the flute. At times, however, an angle of twist differing from the produced angle of twist is required. After extrusion, the pitch is now adjusted by grinding the flutes to a finished dimension. The pitch is in this case in particular changed so that the flutes have a changed pitch after grinding. The grinding to the finished dimension is also called finish-grinding. The pitch is thus in particular also changed during the grinding after extrusion.


By adjusting and in particular changing the pitch of the flutes, their angle of twist is expediently adjusted. In other words: the pitch and the angle of twist of the flutes are adjusted subsequently, i.e., after extrusion. The flutes are accordingly reworked in order to adjust their angle of twist, i.e., the flute angle. As a result, cutting heads with different flute angles can advantageously be produced, in particular starting from similar blanks. The finished dimension is in particular a final design of the flutes; i.e., by grinding to the finished dimension, the flutes are brought into a final shape. After grinding to the finished dimension, the course of the flutes and especially the flute angle are in particular not changed further.


A core idea of the invention consists in particular in already preforming the flutes during the manufacturing of the blank and not first creating the flutes by subsequent machining of a blank without flutes. This results in a significant material savings, in particular of up to 25% in comparison with traditional production, i.e., subsequent grinding-in of the flutes. Instead of machining the flutes out of a whole piece, a material savings is already achieved during the production of the blank. The production method is thus particularly material-saving and the cutting heads produced in this way are clearly more cost-effective.


During the adjustment of the angle of twist of the flutes, the angle of twist does not necessarily have to be changed. Rather, in one variant, the angle of twist obtained by extrusion is maintained and in this respect adjusted to the already existing dimension. A significant advantage of the invention, however, consists in the fact that the angle of twist can be adjusted almost arbitrarily as a result of the special production method, in particular independently of the angle of twist of the coolant channels. In an advantageous variant, the angle of twist is then adjusted after extrusion by changing the angle of twist during the grinding to the finished dimension. In this case, the flutes are also ground to a finished dimension. The pitch and angle of twist are thus changed purposefully in order to obtain flutes with the desired angle of twist in the final shape.


After extrusion, the blank is preferably sintered so that the material of which the blank consists hardens. During sintering, the material is hardened and the blank generally shrinks; its shape as well as the course of the flutes and coolant channels, however, are basically maintained in the process.


After sintering, the blank is expediently reworked and brought into the final shape, i.e., the cutting head is produced in the final shape. The blank is preferably reworked after extrusion and in particular also after sintering such that a number of cutting edges are ground into the blank. These cutting edges in the cutting head then serve to machine a workpiece. The blank is in particular also reworked such that a coupling element is formed in order to connect the cutting head to a base body. The cutting edges are in this case generally formed on the front end of the cutting head; a coupling element is generally formed on the back end. The reworking thus preferably consists in grinding the blank into a final shape, i.e., into the finished cutting head.


During extrusion, the flutes are expediently formed directly with full depth so that a reworking of the flutes for further deepening is no longer required and advantageously omitted. A maximum material saving is thereby in particular achieved. This is however not mandatory; rather, the flutes in one variant are not formed with full depth and are then brought into a final shape as part of a reworking. It is essential that at least a portion of the flutes is already formed during extrusion.


Preferably produced during extrusion is an endless blank, off which the blank is parted. The fact that a blank of any length can be produced particularly easily as a result of the extrusion is advantageously exploited in the process. The method is thus particularly flexible. The material is accordingly extruded by an extrusion nozzle and a portion, i.e. a longitudinal section of the extruded material, is parted off, i.e., separated or cut off, behind the extrusion nozzle as a blank. The extrusion is then expediently continued in order to produce another blank. The blank is accordingly advantageously produced as one of several blanks, which are parted off one after the other. The method is thus advantageously suitable for easy mass production of blanks. In the process, the blanks can even be produced advantageously with different lengths.


In particular for the reworking of the blank, the blank must routinely be clamped in a holding device, wherein portions of the blank are then covered and accordingly not accessible to reworking. In order to nonetheless be able to machine the blank as completely as possible, it is possible to manufacture the blank with a so-called sacrificial pin, i.e., with a sacrificial allowance. The blank is thus made longer than is actually necessary. The sacrificial allowance then serves as holding section for clamping the blank during reworking. A particular advantage of the present method is that the flutes are already formed during the production, in particular during the initial shaping, of the blank and not introduced subsequently, in particular within the scope of a reworking. As a result, an sacrificial allowance can therefore advantageously be dispensed with and the blank can be manufactured directly in the actually sufficient length.


The blank is therefore preferably parted off from the endless blank without any sacrificial allowance, i.e., in particular without any sacrificial pin or holding section for reworking. The blank is accordingly produced without any allowance or without any sacrificial pin. Corresponding material is advantageously saved thereby, which would otherwise subsequently be separated and discarded after reworking. The blank is in particular precisely parted off in the length that the finished cutting head is to have. A shrinking within the context of sintering is, where applicable, taken into consideration in the process. It is also in particular taken into account that the blank is still to be ground smooth on the front or rear ends, where applicable. During a reworking, the blank is, for example, held in the center and then machined on the front end or on the rear end or on the front and rear ends. A machining of the center is advantageously omitted since the flutes are already formed.


During adaptation of the flute angle, there is basically the risk of the coolant channels being exposed. The cutting head therefore preferably has a length in the range of 5 to 30 mm. In cutting heads of such a length, it is then advantageously possible to change the flute angle in a broad range, in particular by up to 15°, without hitting the coolant channels in the process. The flutes are formed in an outer region of the blank. The flutes have a certain depth and thereby define a core region, which is surrounded by the outer region. No flutes are formed in the core region. The outer region is in particular formed to be annular and concentric in relation to the core region, which is in particular circular. The coolant channels are expediently formed in the core region. As a result, the degree of freedom during reworking of the flutes is considerably increased since the now internal coolant channels can no longer be affected by a change of the flute angle. This design is in particular based on the idea that an arrangement of the coolant channels outside the core region, i.e., in the outer region, is indeed advantageous in terms of mechanical engineering but not particularly important in the case of a cutting head, in particular with a length as described above. In contrast, the arrangement of the coolant channels in the core region allows a flute angle correction in a particularly broad value range.


The blank is in particular extruded by means of an extrusion nozzle, i.e., the material from which the blank is produced is pressed or extruded through an extrusion nozzle. The extrusion nozzle advantageously comprises a circular aperture or mold opening, into which a shaping projection protrudes for each of the flutes. The aperture accordingly consists of a circle, from the circumference of which projections protrude inwardly. The shape of a projection corresponds to the cross-section of a respective flute. An additional profiling, e.g., in serrated shape, is on the other hand dispensed with; rather, the blank is formed with a smooth shell surface. A profiling of the aperture, more precisely of an inner contour of the aperture, is basically possible and also suitable for in particular achieving a rotational movement of the blank during extrusion so that helical coolant channels and helical flutes are formed. The blank produced is then however also accordingly profiled and must be ground down subsequently. Such a profiling is therefore advantageously dispensed with and material and working hours are thereby accordingly saved. This is in particular based on the knowledge that a rotational movement can already be generated during extrusion as a result of the projections for forming the flutes and that an additional profiling is advantageously no longer necessary. The blank is therefore advantageously extruded directly with a smooth shell surface, i.e., surface or outer surface.


A cutting head according to the invention is produced according to a method as described above. The cutting head then comprises a number of helical flutes as well as a number of helical coolant channels. The coolant channels emerge in particular at the front end of the cutting head. At the front end, the cutting head moreover comprises a number of cutting edges. The cutting head is in particular designed as an exchangeable part of a cutting tool. At the rear end, the cutting head therefore preferably comprises a coupling element for connecting to a complementary coupling element of a shaft or base body of the cutting tool.


The cutting tool is preferably manufactured of hard metal, in particular of tungsten carbide. The cutting head is preferably formed in one piece, i.e., consists of only a single material. In this case, the cutting head in particular consists entirely of hard metal.


The cutting head preferably has a diameter in the range of 6 to 20 mm. The cutting head preferably has a length in the range of 5 to 30 mm. The cutting head preferably comprises two flutes and two coolant channels. A flute in each case preferably has a depth in the range of up to 15% of the cutting edge diameter, i.e., approximately up to 15% of half the diameter of the cutting head.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in greater detail below with reference to the figures. Shown schematically in each case are:



FIG. 1 a method for producing a cutting head,



FIG. 2A a cutting head in a front view,



FIG. 2B the cutting head of FIG. 2A in a side view,



FIG. 3A a blank in a perspective view,



FIG. 3B the blank of FIG. 3A in a front view,



FIG. 4 the extrusion in the method of FIG. 1,



FIG. 5A an extrusion nozzle in a front view,



FIG. 5B an alternative extrusion nozzle in a front view,



FIG. 6 a variant of the blank in a front view.





DETAILED DESCRIPTION


FIG. 1 shows the sequence of a method according to the invention for producing a cutting head 2 for a cutting tool not shown in more detail. An exemplary cutting head 2 produced by means of the method is shown in FIG. 2A, 2B. The cutting head 2 is in this case designed as a cutting insert or even as a drill bit for a drill. The cutting head 2 shown is manufactured from tungsten carbide and also formed in one piece, i.e., it consists in the present case only of tungsten carbide. The cutting head 2 in FIG. 2A, 2B has a diameter D of 25 mm and a length L of 30 mm.


The cutting head 2 is manufactured from a blank 4, which is produced in a first step S1 by means of extrusion, i.e., the blank 4 is formed from an extruded material. An exemplary blank 4 is shown in FIG. 3A, 3B. During the extrusion, a number of coolant channels 6, in this case two coolant channels 6, is formed. These coolant channels extend longitudinally within the blank 4. The coolant channels 6 are, for example, formed by means of nylon threads, which serve as placeholders during extrusion. A number of flutes 8, in this case two flutes 8, is moreover formed during extrusion. In contrast to the coolant channels 6, which run inside the blank 4, the flutes 8 are formed as recesses on the outside of the blank 4. The formation of coolant channels 6 takes place in a first substep U1 of the first step S1. The formation of flutes 8 takes place in a second substep U2 of the first step S1. The two substeps U1, U2 in FIG. 1 take place simultaneously. The coolant channels 6 and the flutes 8 are accordingly respectively formed during extrusion, i.e., in the same first step S1. The flutes 8 are thus not first created by subsequent machining of a blank without flutes but are already preformed during manufacturing of the blank 4. This results in a significant material saving.


The coolant channels 6 and the flutes 8 are moreover in each case formed helically during extrusion; they thus in each case follow a helical course about a longitudinal axis R of the blank 4. With respect to the longitudinal axis R, the coolant channels 6 have a first angle of twist D1 and the flutes 8 have a second angle of twist D2. In the flutes 8, the angle of twist D2 is also called the flute angle. The angles of twist D1, D2 result from a respective pitch for the coolant channels 6 and the flutes 8. In this case, the pitch of the coolant channels 6 is equal to the pitch of the flutes 8 in consequence of the production. During extrusion, a direction of rotation is imprinted onto the extruded material so that the coolant channels 6 and the flutes 8 are automatically produced helically. The angles of twist D1, D2 are not necessarily identical depending on the relative position of the coolant channels 6 and the flutes 8, namely not when they extend at different distances in relation to the longitudinal axis R of the blank 4. The coolant channels 6 and the flutes 8 in the present case are however separated from the longitudinal axis R in the radial direction at about the same distance so that the angles of twist D1, D2 are approximately equal.


After extrusion in the first step S1, the blank 4 is sintered in a second step S2 so that the material of which the blank 4 consists hardens. During sintering, the material is hardened and the blank 4 generally shrinks so that the diameter D and the length L are correspondingly reduced. The essential shape, i.e., the course of the flutes 8 and the coolant channels 6 are however basically maintained in the process.


After sintering, the blank 4 is reworked in a third step S3 and the cutting head 2 is produced in the final shape, e.g., as in FIG. 2A, 2B. During reworking in the third step S3, a number of cutting edges 10 are ground into the blank 4. These cutting edges in the cutting head 2 serve to machine a workpiece. The blank 4 for the cutting head 2 in FIG. 2A, 2B was moreover also reworked such that a coupling element 12 is formed in order to connect the cutting head 2 to a base body not shown. The coupling element is visible in particular in FIG. 2B and comprises a pin 14 and a collar 16 for mounting in the manner of a bayonet lock. The cutting edges 10 are formed on the front end of the cutting head 2; the coupling element 12 is formed on the rear end. The coolant channels 6 serve to supply coolant or lubricant and extend through the entire cutting head 2. The flutes 8 serve to transport chips away and also extend across the entire cutting head 2. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the number of coolant channels 6 corresponds to the number of flutes 8.


The flutes 8 in the exemplary embodiment shown are already formed with full depth in the first step S1 so that a reworking of the flutes for further deepening in particular in step S3 is omitted. In a variant not shown, the flutes 8 are however not formed with full depth and then brought into a final shape within the scope of reworking in the third step S3.


In FIG. 4, the first step S1, i.e., the extrusion of the blank 4, is shown in more detail. In the process, an endless blank 20 is produced by means of an extrusion system 18, which endless blank extends in the longitudinal direction R and off which endless blank the blank 4 is then parted. The blank 4 can accordingly be produced with any length L. The coolant channels 6 are marked by helical dashed lines. It can be seen clearly that the angle of twist D1 of the coolant channels 6 corresponds to the angle of twist D2 of the flutes 8 in the exemplary embodiment shown.


The material for the blank 4 is extruded through an extrusion nozzle 22. Behind the extrusion nozzle 22, a portion, i.e., a longitudinal section 24 of the extruded material, i.e., of the endless blank 20, is parted off, separated or cut off, as blank 4. Extrusion is then continued in order to produce another blank 4. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the blank 4 is accordingly produced as one of several blanks 4, which are parted off one after the other from the endless blank 20. In a variant, blanks 4 are parted off with different lengths L.


The extrusion nozzle 22 imprints a twist onto the material as already mentioned above so that the coolant channels 6 and the flutes 8 are formed helically, i.e., already exist in a helical shape in the endless blank 20. For this purpose, the extrusion nozzle 22 comprises an appropriate aperture 26. Exemplary extrusion nozzles 22 are shown in FIG. 5A, 5B. The aperture 26′ of the extrusion nozzle 22′ in FIG. 5A comprises a number of projections 28 for forming the flutes 8 as well as a profiling therebetween with a plurality of teeth 30 for generating the twist, i.e., a rotational movement. The shape of a projection 28 corresponds to the cross-section of a corresponding flute 8. On the other hand, the aperture 26″ of the extrusion nozzle 22″ in FIG. 5B is formed without profile, i.e., does not have any profile or any teeth 30, but is instead circular, except for the projections 28 for the flutes 8. In other words, the aperture 26 consists of a circle K, from the circumference of which projections 28 protrude inwardly. The rotational movement during extrusion is in this case only generated by the projections 28.


In the method shown, the flutes 8 are already formed during the initial shaping of the blank 4 so that an allowance for the purposes of holding the blank during reworking can be dispensed with and is also dispensed with. The blank 4 is manufactured directly in the actually sufficient length L. In other words, the blank 4 is parted off from the endless blank 20 without any sacrificial allowance and precisely in the length L that the finished cutting head 2 is to have. A shrinking within the scope of sintering in the second step S2 is, where applicable, taken into consideration in the process.


In order to adapt the angle of twist D2 of the flutes 8, the second angle of twist D2, i.e., the flute angle, is adjusted, in the present case even changed by regrinding the flutes 8.


This takes place, e.g., during reworking in the third step S3. Since the cutting head 2 only has a short length L, i.e., in particular a length of less than 10 mm, there is also no risk of exposing the coolant channels 6 when the angle of twist D2 of the flutes 8 is adapted. In a variant not shown, the flutes are only formed in an outer region 32 of the blank 4. The flutes 8 have a certain depth and thereby define a core region 34, which is surrounded by the outer region 32. No flutes 8 are accordingly formed in the core region 34. In FIG. 6, a corresponding variant of the blank 4 is shown. It can be seen clearly in FIG. 6 how the outer region 32 is formed to be annular and concentric in relation to the circular core region 34. In the variant mentioned and not shown, the coolant channels 6 are then formed in the core region 34, whereby the now internal coolant channels 6 are no longer affected by a change of the angle of twist D2 of the flutes 8.

Claims
  • 1. A method of producing a replaceable cutting head, the replaceable cutting head comprising a plurality of cutting edges defining a cutting diameter, a plurality of coolant channels having a first angle of twist (D1), a plurality of flutes having a second angle of twist (D2) and a coupling element comprising a pin and a collar, the method comprising: extruding an endless blank to simultaneously form the plurality of coolant channels having the first angle of twist (D1) and the plurality of flutes having the second angle of twist (D2);cutting the endless blank to produce a first blank having a desired length (L) of a finished replaceable cutting head without any sacrificial allowance; andsintering the first blank; andreworking the first blank to form the coupling element comprising the pin and the collar for attaching the finished replaceable cutting head to a base body of a drill,
  • 2. The method of claim 1, wherein, during the step of extruding the endless blank, the endless blank comprises an annular outer region concentric with a core region, wherein, the plurality of flutes are formed only in the annular outer region of the first blank and the plurality of coolant channels are formed only in the core region, thereby preventing exposing the plurality of coolant channels during the step of reworking the first blank.
  • 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the length of the replaceable cutting head ranges between about 5 mm to about 30 mm and the cutting diameter ranges between about 6 mm to about 20 mm.
  • 4. The method of claim 1, wherein, after the step of extruding the endless blank, each flute of the plurality of flutes has a depth up to about 15% of a cutting diameter of the finished replaceable cutting head.
  • 5. The method of claim 1, wherein, during the step of reworking the first blank, selectively adjusting the second angle of twist (D2) of each flute by up to about 15 degrees.
  • 6. The method of claim 1, wherein, during the step of extruding the endless blank, the endless blank is extruded by an extrusion nozzle with a circular aperture with a projection for forming each flute of the plurality of flutes.
  • 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the second blank has a different length than the first blank.
  • 8. The method of claim 1, wherein, after the step of extruding the endless blank and before the step of reworking the first blank, the first angle of twist (D1) of each coolant channel is substantially equal to the second angle of twist (D2) of each flute, and wherein, after the step of reworking the first blank, the first angle of twist (D1) of each coolant channel is different than the second angle of twist (D2) of each flute.
Priority Claims (1)
Number Date Country Kind
102017212054.1 Jul 2017 DE national
US Referenced Citations (214)
Number Name Date Kind
40297 Wakefield Oct 1863 A
44915 Baker Nov 1864 A
329660 Lord Nov 1885 A
658216 Munger Sep 1900 A
690093 Beach Dec 1901 A
2289583 Malone Jul 1942 A
2423790 Nelson Jul 1947 A
3410749 Chmiel Nov 1968 A
3434553 Weller Mar 1969 A
3765496 Flores et al. Oct 1973 A
D262219 Lassiter Dec 1981 S
D263598 Lassiter Mar 1982 S
D273387 Lassiter Apr 1984 S
D273388 Lassiter Apr 1984 S
D273389 Lassiter Apr 1984 S
D273390 Lassiter Apr 1984 S
D273391 Lassiter Apr 1984 S
D273682 Lassiter May 1984 S
D274436 Lassiter Jun 1984 S
5346335 Harpaz et al. Sep 1994 A
5382121 Bicknell Jan 1995 A
5429199 Sheirer et al. Jul 1995 A
5509761 Grossman et al. Apr 1996 A
5634747 Tukala et al. Jun 1997 A
5769577 Boddy Jun 1998 A
5791838 Hamilton Aug 1998 A
5904455 Krenzer et al. May 1999 A
5957631 Hecht Sep 1999 A
5988953 Berglund et al. Nov 1999 A
5996714 Massa et al. Dec 1999 A
6012881 Scheer Jan 2000 A
6045301 Kammermeier et al. Apr 2000 A
6059492 Hecht May 2000 A
6109841 Johne Aug 2000 A
6123488 Kasperik Sep 2000 A
6210083 Kammermeier et al. Apr 2001 B1
6447218 Lagerberg Sep 2002 B1
6481938 Widin Nov 2002 B2
6485235 Mast et al. Nov 2002 B1
6506003 Erickson Jan 2003 B1
6514019 Schulz Feb 2003 B1
6524034 Eng et al. Feb 2003 B2
6530728 Eriksson Mar 2003 B2
6582164 McCormick Jun 2003 B1
6595305 Dunn et al. Jul 2003 B1
6595727 Arvidsson Jul 2003 B2
6626614 Nakamura Sep 2003 B2
6648561 Kraemer Nov 2003 B2
7008150 Krenzer Mar 2006 B2
7048480 Borschert et al. May 2006 B2
7070367 Krenzer Jul 2006 B2
7101125 Borschert Sep 2006 B2
7114892 Hansson Oct 2006 B2
7125207 Craig et al. Oct 2006 B2
7134816 Brink Nov 2006 B2
7189437 Kidd Mar 2007 B2
7237985 Leuze et al. Jul 2007 B2
7296497 Kugelberg et al. Nov 2007 B2
7306410 Borschert et al. Dec 2007 B2
7309196 Ruy Frota de Souza Dec 2007 B2
7311480 Heule et al. Dec 2007 B2
7360974 Borschert et al. Apr 2008 B2
7377730 Hecht et al. May 2008 B2
7407350 Hecht et al. Aug 2008 B2
7431543 Buettiker et al. Oct 2008 B2
7467915 Frota de Souza Dec 2008 B2
7476067 Borschert Jan 2009 B2
7559382 Koch Jul 2009 B2
7591617 Borschert et al. Sep 2009 B2
D607024 Dost et al. Dec 2009 S
7677842 Park Mar 2010 B2
7740472 Delamarche Jun 2010 B2
7775751 Hecht et al. Aug 2010 B2
7832967 Borschert Nov 2010 B2
D632320 Chen et al. Feb 2011 S
D633534 Chen et al. Mar 2011 S
7972094 Men et al. Jul 2011 B2
RE42644 Jonsson Aug 2011 E
7997832 Prichard Aug 2011 B2
7997836 Kim et al. Aug 2011 B2
8007202 Davis et al. Aug 2011 B2
8007208 Noureddine Aug 2011 B2
8021088 Hecht Sep 2011 B2
8142116 Frejd Mar 2012 B2
D668697 Hsu Oct 2012 S
D669923 Watson et al. Oct 2012 S
8376669 Jaeger et al. Feb 2013 B2
8430609 Frejd Apr 2013 B2
8449227 Danielsson May 2013 B2
8534966 Hecht Sep 2013 B2
8556552 Hecht Oct 2013 B2
8596935 Fang et al. Dec 2013 B2
8678722 Aare Mar 2014 B2
8678723 Osawa et al. Mar 2014 B2
8721235 Kretzschmann et al. May 2014 B2
D708034 Huang Jul 2014 S
8784018 Paebel Jul 2014 B2
8784019 Paebel Jul 2014 B2
D711719 DeBaker Aug 2014 S
8882413 Hecht Nov 2014 B2
8931982 Osawa et al. Jan 2015 B2
8939685 Cigni Jan 2015 B2
8992142 Hecht Mar 2015 B2
9028180 Hecht May 2015 B2
9050659 Schwaegerl et al. Jun 2015 B2
9073128 Mack et al. Jul 2015 B2
9079255 Jager et al. Jul 2015 B2
9162295 Paebel et al. Oct 2015 B2
D742714 King, Jr. et al. Nov 2015 S
D742948 Kenno et al. Nov 2015 S
9180650 Fang et al. Nov 2015 B2
9205498 Jaeger Dec 2015 B2
9248512 Aare Feb 2016 B2
9296049 Schwaegerl et al. Mar 2016 B2
9302332 Scanlon et al. Apr 2016 B2
9371701 Cox et al. Jun 2016 B2
9481040 Schwaegerl et al. Nov 2016 B2
9498829 Zabrosky Nov 2016 B2
D798922 Frota de Souza Filho et al. Oct 2017 S
20010033780 Berglund et al. Oct 2001 A1
20020159851 Krenzer Oct 2002 A1
20020168239 Mast et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020195279 Bise et al. Dec 2002 A1
20030039523 Kemmer Feb 2003 A1
20030060133 Junker Mar 2003 A1
20030091402 Lindblom May 2003 A1
20040096281 Sherman et al. May 2004 A1
20040240949 Pachao-Morbitzer et al. Dec 2004 A1
20050047951 Gronquist et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050135888 Stokey et al. Jun 2005 A1
20060006576 Karos Jan 2006 A1
20060027046 Kugelberg et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060171787 Lindblom Aug 2006 A1
20060204345 Borschert et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060288820 Mirchandani et al. Dec 2006 A1
20080003072 Kim et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080175676 Prichard et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080175677 Prichard et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080181741 Borschert et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080193231 Jonsson et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080193237 Men et al. Aug 2008 A1
20090044986 Jaeger et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090067942 Tanaka Mar 2009 A1
20090071723 Mergenthaler et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090116920 Bae May 2009 A1
20090123244 Buettiker et al. May 2009 A1
20090311055 Galota et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090311060 Frejd Dec 2009 A1
20100021253 Frejd Jan 2010 A1
20100092259 Borschert Apr 2010 A1
20100143059 Hecht Jun 2010 A1
20100150673 Schneider et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100247255 Nitzsche et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100266357 Kretzschmann Oct 2010 A1
20100272529 Rozzi et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100272531 Shavit Oct 2010 A1
20100322723 Danielsson Dec 2010 A1
20100322728 Aare Dec 2010 A1
20100322729 Paebel Dec 2010 A1
20100322731 Aare Dec 2010 A1
20110020072 Chen Jan 2011 A1
20110020073 Chen et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110020077 Fouquer Jan 2011 A1
20110027021 Nelson Feb 2011 A1
20110097168 Jager et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110110735 Klettenheimer et al. May 2011 A1
20110110739 Frisendahl May 2011 A1
20110229277 Hoffer et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110236145 Pä¤bel et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110268518 Sampath et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110299944 Hoefermann Dec 2011 A1
20110318128 Schwaegerl et al. Dec 2011 A1
20120082518 Woodruff et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120087746 Fang et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120087747 Fang et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120114438 Schwenck et al. May 2012 A1
20120288337 Sampath Nov 2012 A1
20120308319 Sampath et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120315101 Osawa et al. Dec 2012 A1
20130183107 Fang et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130183112 Schwagerl et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130223943 Gey et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130259590 Shaheen Oct 2013 A1
20130266389 Hecht Oct 2013 A1
20130302101 Scanlon et al. Nov 2013 A1
20140023449 Jonsson et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140255115 Zabrosky Sep 2014 A1
20140255116 Myers et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140260808 Sweetman et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140301799 Schwaegerl et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140321931 Gey Oct 2014 A1
20140348602 Schwaegerl Nov 2014 A1
20150063926 Wu et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150063931 Wu et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150104266 Guter Apr 2015 A1
20150174671 Maurer Jun 2015 A1
20150266107 Gonen et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150273597 Aliaga et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150298220 Ach et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150321267 Takai Nov 2015 A1
20150328696 Wang et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150360302 Guter Dec 2015 A1
20160001379 Kauper Jan 2016 A1
20160001381 Lach Jan 2016 A1
20160016236 Evans Jan 2016 A1
20160031016 Takai Feb 2016 A1
20160059323 Riester Mar 2016 A1
20160207122 Chen Jul 2016 A1
20160229017 Guy Aug 2016 A1
20160263663 Schwaegerl et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160263664 Son et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160263666 Myers et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160311035 Peng et al. Oct 2016 A1
20180133809 Brunner May 2018 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (70)
Number Date Country
9431 Oct 1902 AT
PI04128702 Oct 2006 BR
1160370 Sep 1997 CN
1204976 Jan 1999 CN
1258240 Jun 2000 CN
2438535 Jul 2001 CN
1616170 May 2005 CN
1689740 Nov 2005 CN
1692998 Nov 2005 CN
1798623 Jul 2006 CN
101048251 Oct 2007 CN
100455390 Jan 2009 CN
101605622 Dec 2009 CN
101610866 Dec 2009 CN
102006958 Apr 2011 CN
102307693 Jan 2012 CN
102310214 Jan 2012 CN
102438789 May 2012 CN
103128117 Jun 2013 CN
104588739 May 2015 CN
104759664 Jul 2015 CN
204545517 Aug 2015 CN
204565232 Aug 2015 CN
94340 Oct 1897 DE
384720 Nov 1923 DE
3133488 Mar 1983 DE
8303470 Sep 1983 DE
3314349 Oct 1984 DE
3733298 Apr 1992 DE
19605157 Sep 1996 DE
29809638 Aug 1998 DE
10333340 Feb 2005 DE
102004022747 Nov 2005 DE
102007044095 Mar 2009 DE
112009002001 Feb 2013 DE
102012200690 Jul 2013 DE
102012212146 Jan 2014 DE
102013205889 May 2014 DE
102013209371 Nov 2014 DE
102015106374 Oct 2016 DE
599393 Jun 1994 EP
0599393 Feb 1996 EP
813459 Jul 2003 EP
1996358 Nov 2011 EP
2551046 Jan 2013 EP
S5537209 Mar 1980 JP
S63109908 May 1988 JP
H05301104 Nov 1993 JP
11019812 Jan 1999 JP
2002501441 Jan 2002 JP
2002113606 Apr 2002 JP
2003291044 Oct 2003 JP
2004255533 Sep 2004 JP
2005118940 May 2005 JP
2005169542 Jun 2005 JP
2006167871 Jun 2006 JP
2008500195 Jan 2008 JP
2011036977 Feb 2011 JP
6211769 Sep 2017 JP
101014027 Feb 2011 KR
WO1984003241 Aug 1984 WO
WO9627469 Sep 1996 WO
WO9853943 Dec 1998 WO
WO03031104 Apr 2003 WO
WO2007107294 Sep 2007 WO
WO2008072840 Jun 2008 WO
WO2009128775 Oct 2009 WO
WO2010102793 Sep 2010 WO
WO2015064904 May 2015 WO
WO2015165872 Nov 2015 WO
Non-Patent Literature Citations (50)
Entry
Jul. 24, 2018 Office Action (non-US).
May 27, 2020 Office Action (non-US) CN App. No. 108655428A.
Dec. 14, 2020 Office Action (non-US) DE App. No. 102017205166A1.
Feb. 2, 2021 Office Action (non-US) CN App. No. 108655428A.
Mar. 1, 2021 Office Action (non-US) CN App. No. 109249188A.
May 20, 2021 Office Action (non-US) CN App. No. 108655428A.
Oct. 22, 2021 Foreign OA—CN App. No. 201810762240.3.
Feb. 3, 2020 Examination notification CN No. 201810208355.8.
Mar. 8, 2019 Non-Final OA U.S. Appl. No. 15/937,262.
Sep. 13, 2018 Office Action CN No. 201580018557.0.
Aug. 28, 2018 Office Action JP No. 2014075465.
Jul. 24, 2018 Office Action DE No. 102012200690.7.
Jun. 6, 2018 Office Action DE No. 102013209371.3.
Jun. 5, 2018 Office Action CN No. 201410207255.5.
Mar. 6, 2018 First office action JP No. 2014075465.
Jan. 11, 2018 First Office Action CN No. 201580018557.0.
Dec. 29, 2017 Office action (3 months) 1.
Dec. 18, 2017 Second Office Action CN No. 201410207255.5.
Dec. 1, 2017 Second Office Action CN No. 201410129013.9.
Nov. 22, 2017 First office action DE No. 1020152117448.
Nov. 17, 2017 First Office Action DE No. 102017205166.3.
Sep. 19, 2017 Final Office Action.
Jul. 14, 2017 Office action (3 months) 1.
May 25, 2017 Office action (3 months) 3.
May 9, 2017 Second Office Action JP No. 2013-6979.
Apr. 19, 2017 First Office Action CN No. 201410129013.9.
Apr. 6, 2017 Second Office Action IL No. 231436.
Apr. 6, 2017 First office action DE No. 102014206796.0.
Apr. 1, 2017 First Office Action CN No. 201410207255.5.
Mar. 21, 2017 Office action (3 months) 1.
Feb. 10, 2017 Advisory Action (PTOL-303) 2.
Nov. 23, 2016 Final Office Action 2.
Nov. 16, 2016 Second Office Action CN No. 201310024382.7.
Nov. 15, 2016 EPO Notification R161(1) & R.162 EP No. 15717103.4.
Oct. 25, 2016 Office action (3 months) 1.
Sep. 27, 2016 First office action JP No. 2013-6979.
Jul. 13, 2016 First office action IL No. 58345.
Jul. 29, 2016 Office action (3 months) 2.
May 17, 2016 Advisory Action.
Mar. 23, 2016 First office action CN No. 201310024382.7.
Mar. 7, 2016 Final Office Action.
Feb. 23, 2016 Office action (3 months) 2.
Dec. 8, 2015 Office action (3 months) 1.
Nov. 6, 2015 Final Office Action.
Nov. 3, 2015 Final Office Action.
Oct. 22, 2015—Non-Final Office Action.
Oct. 12, 2015 First office action IL No. 231436.
Jul. 7, 2015 Office action (3 months) 1.
May 13, 2014 Office Action (non-US) DE 102013209371.3.
Stemmer, Caspar Erich, “Ferramentas de corte II”, Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), 1995, p. 26.
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20190015939 A1 Jan 2019 US