The invention relates to a method for producing a rectangular wooden panel with boards extending diagonally at an angle, each of which has opposite longitudinal sides and transverse sides. According to a second aspect, the invention also relates to a wooden panel manufacturing device.
EP 3 797 984 A1 discloses a rectangular wooden panel composed of a plurality of boards that extend in the longitudinal direction. Such wooden panels can be joined together to create a multi-layered composite element by joining several wooden panels at 90° to each other. This produces a cross-laminated timber panel. In a triple-layered cross-laminated timber panel, for example, the boards of the two outer panels extend in the transverse direction and the boards of the middle panel in the longitudinal direction of the cross-laminated timber panel. This makes it possible to produce a stable component that can be utilized, for example, as a wall element for a building.
A three-layer cross laminated timber panel is known, for example, from EP 3 797 984 A1.
A diagonally glued solid wood panel is known from DE 92 01 177 U1.
If the boards of the wooden panel are arranged diagonally in a joining station, glued together and used to produce a cross-laminated timber panel, the intersecting longitudinal directions of the boards increase the stability of the cross-laminated timber panel. The disadvantage of this is that the wooden panel is not rectangular upon production, but in the shape of a parallelogram. To obtain a rectangular wooden panel, the two ends have to be trimmed. This results in waste, which increases the smaller the diagonal angle α to the longitudinal edge.
DE 697 01 362 T2 describes a method for producing a glued block from elongated strips of wood with a triangular cross-section, which are laid and glued side by side alternately with strips with their base sides facing downwards and with strips with their base sides facing upwards to form the block.
On this basis, the invention aims to produce a wooden panel with boards extending diagonally at an angle α in which waste is avoided as far as possible and which is suitable for use in the production of cross-laminated timber panels.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the problem is solved by a method comprising the following steps:
This method presents a simple and cost-effective way to obtain a rectangular wooden panel. Waste is reduced to a minimum and is only determined by the saw cut. The gusset cut off at one end is displaced along the transverse sides of the boards that form the longitudinal edge of the wooden panel and glued to the opposite end of the wooden panel to match.
Viewed in the direction of displacement, the gusset is preferably cut off at the front end of the wooden panel. This simplifies the arrangement of the saw, which can be provided immediately behind the joining station. Of course, the gusset can also be cut off at the rear end.
The following further steps are preferably carried out to produce a cross-laminated timber panel:
If the joining station is large enough, a cross-laminated timber panel can also be produced by way of the following further steps:
Dividing the wooden panel into two equally-sized first and second wooden panels simplifies production. The two wooden panels resulting from the bisection need only be folded about the cutting line (vertical axis of the non-divided panel) and placed with the two upper sides on top of each other.
Depending on the length of the wooden panel, it can also be divided into more than two partial panels, which can then be glued together in such a way that the boards of overlapping partial panels cross. Ultimately, the decisive factor for the number of partial panels is the desired number of diagonal layers of the cross-laminated timber panel.
During production of the wooden panel, the boards are preferably glued on at least one longitudinal side with a hot-melt adhesive. This makes joining easier, as the melted hot adhesive cools rapidly during placement and pressing due to the significantly colder boards and an adhesion between two boards is created.
To ensure that the cross-laminated timber panel has sufficient load-bearing strength, the two wooden panels or the two partial panels are preferably glued with a hot-melt adhesive. The hot-melt adhesive between the boards should not be taken into account when calculating the load-bearing strength.
During production of the wooden panel, if a fiberboard, which is preferably wider than the boards, is inserted between two adjacent boards and glued to the board already in the joining station and the subsequently inserted board, a composite panel is created that exhibits excellent insulating properties. Such a composite panel can be inserted as a middle layer between two purely wooden panels without a fiberboard and then glued and pressed together with them. The wooden panel equipped with the fiberboards forms an inner insulating layer, while the outer sides of the composite panel are made of solid wood. The number of intermediate panels between two outer panels is arbitrary.
Due to the fact that the boards are trimmed at an angle of 90°−α and arranged in front of the joining station at the angle α in relation to the direction of displacement, the joining station can be a conventional joining station in which wooden panels with boards arranged perpendicular to the direction of displacement are inserted.
According to a second aspect, the invention solves the problem by a wooden panel manufacturing device for manufacturing a rectangular wooden panel with
The trim device is, for example, a milling cutter or a saw, in particular a circular saw. The feeding device is, for example, an electric pallet conveyor, a vehicle, in particular an autonomous vehicle, a lift, a shaft conveyor, an overhead conveyor, an aerial tramway, a trolley conveyor, a rail conveyor, a roller conveyor, a belt conveyor, a chain conveyor or an underfloor drag chain conveyor.
The sliding device is, for example, a slider, in particular a mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic slider.
Preferably, the wooden panel manufacturing device has a control device configured to control the trim device, the feed device, the displacement device, the glueing station, the joining station and the cut-off device, so that the wooden panel manufacturing device automatically performs the method according to the invention.
The cut-off device is, for example, a milling cutter or a saw, in particular a circular saw.
The feed device is preferably configured to transport the cut-off gusset in the feed direction to in front of the last board already located in the joining station.
Preferably, the wooden panel manufacturing device has a handling device configured to move the cut-off gusset into the glueing station. The handling device is, for example, a gripper, a lifter, in particular a vacuum suction cup or vacuum lifter, or a handling robot.
Preferably, the glueing station is configured to glue the cut-off gusset on at least the longitudinal side facing the board already located in the joining station.
Advantageously, the towing trolleys each have a rear towing arm in the direction of displacement and a front towing arm in the direction of displacement, wherein the rear towing arms and the front towing arms can be brought into an engaged position and into a disengaged position, for example by raising or lowering the front and/or rear towing arms. Preferably, the rear towing arms are arranged, when view from above, parallel to each other at right angles to the direction of displacement and the front towing arms are arranged, when view from above, diagonally at an angle α.
In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with the aid of accompanying figures. They show:
To ensure that the wooden panels 10, 20 with boards extending diagonally at an angle α can be produced in a conventional joining station F, the boards 1, 2, 3, . . . x must first be trimmed on their opposite longitudinal sides 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, . . . x.1, x.2 at an angle 90°−α.
The boards 1, 2, 3, . . . , x−1, x are then transported into the joining station F, where they are positioned at an angle α in relation to the direction of displacement RS. They are transported via a feed device 32, which can be designed, for example, as a conveyor belt or roller conveyor. A plurality of towing trolleys 30.1, 30.2, 30.3, 30.4, 30.5, 30.6, 30.7 are arranged in front of the joining station F, said towing trolleys also being at an angle α in relation to the direction of displacement RS. Each towing trolley 30.1, 30.2, 30.3, 30.4, 30.5, 30.6, 30.7 is fixed to the coupling bar 3.1 and can be displaced parallel to the direction of displacement RS via said bar in order to travel a path of displacement s. The path of displacement s also extends parallel to the orientation of the transverse sides 1.3, 1.4, 2.3, 2.4, 3.3, 3.4, . . . x.3, x.4, as shown in
A first board 1 is initially arranged in front of the joining station F and then guided via the feed device 32 to the towing trolleys 30.1, 30.2, 30.3, 30.4, 30.5, 30.6, 30.7, which simultaneously insert it into the joining station F in the direction of displacement RS. In the process, the towing trolleys 30.1, 30.2, 30.3, 30.4, 30.5, 30.6, 30.7 all travel the same displacement path s until the first board 1 has reached the end position, formed by an end stop A. A second board 2 is then positioned in front of the joining station F and, at the glueing station 40, coated with a molten hot-melt adhesive on its front longitudinal side 2.1 in relation to the direction of displacement RS; it is then fed via the feed device 32 and inserted into the joining station F by means of the displacement device 30 until it strikes the rear longitudinal side 1.2 of the first board 1. The hot-melt adhesive cures quickly in the process, especially because the first board 1 is significantly colder than the hot-melt adhesive. These processes are repeated until the final board x has been inserted into the joining station F and a wooden panel 10 of the desired size has been produced.
As depicted in
In order to produce a cross-laminated timber panel, a second wooden panel 20 is produced in the previously described manner. At least one upper side of the wooden panels 10, 20 is then glued with a wood glue. The second wooden panel 20 is turned 180° about its longitudinal axis and then placed with its upper side on the upper side of the first wooden panel 10, so that the boards 1, 2, 3, . . . x of the two wooden panels 10, 20 cross; the two wooden panels 10, 20 are then pressed to form a cross-laminated timber panel.
If the joining station F is long enough, a cross-laminated timber panel can also be produced from a single wooden panel 10 by dividing the rectangular wooden panel 10 along its vertical axis H10 into two partial panels 101, 102 (See
The two methods described above enable the production of cross-laminated timber panels of any thickness. One just has to always ensure that the boards of adjacent wooden panels cross.
The towing trolleys 30.1, 30.2, . . . 30.7 each have a first towing arm 30.11, . . . 30.71 at the rear in the direction of displacement and a towing arm 30.12, . . . 30.72 at the front in the direction of displacement. The towing arms 30.11, . . . 30.71; 30.12, . . . 30.72 can be raised and lowered. To be able to insert the boards 1, 2, . . . x in the direction of displacement RS, the front towing arms 30.12, . . . 30.62, 30.72 are raised. They then grip the rear longitudinal side 1.2, 2.2, . . . x.2 in the direction of displacement RS in order to insert the boards 1, 2, 3, . . . x into the joining station F. In this case, the rear towing arms 30.11, . . . 30.61, 30.71 are lowered (cf.
A control device 70 (see
As shown in
If the joining station F is long enough, a wooden panel 10 that has fiberboards 0 can also be divided along it vertical axis H10 into two partial panels and used twice accordingly.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10 2023 111 446.8 | May 2023 | DE | national |