Claims
- 1. In a process for the production of aldehydes by hydroformylation of olefins of 3 to 12 carbon atoms with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a rhodium catalyst, the improvement comprising a) the rhodium catalyst is present in an aqueous phase comprising i) rhodium in elementary or bound form, ii) a trisulfonated triarylphosphine having 1 to 2 phosphorus atoms and iii) a crown ether and b) the olefin under the reaction conditions is present in a liquid organic phase not miscible with the aqueous phase.
- 2. The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the crown ether is selected from the group consisting of 12-crown-4, 15-crown-5, 18-crown-6 and hydroxymethyl-18-crown-6.
- 3. The process of claim 1 wherein the olefin is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and araliphatic olefins.
- 4. The process of claim 1 wherein the olefin is selected from the group consisting of propene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene and 1-dodecene.
- 5. The process of claim 1 wherein the olefin has maximally 10 carbon atoms.
- 6. The process of claim 1 wherein the ratio of rhodium to ligand is between 1:10 and 1:1000.
- 7. The process of claim 1 wherein the aqueous phase contains 20 to 500 ppm of rhodium.
- 8. The process of claim 1 wherein the aqueous phase contains 2×10−6 to 5×10−2 mol of rhodium per mol of olefinic compound.
- 9. The process of claim 1 wherein the pressure during the reaction is between 20 and 150 bars.
- 10. The process of claim 1 wherein the temperature during the reaction is between 20 and 170° C.
- 11. The process of claim 3 wherein the olefin is an aliphatic α-olefin or a cycloaliphatic olefin.
- 12. The process of claim 5 wherein the olefin has at most 8 carbon atoms.
- 13. The process of claim 6 wherein the rhodium to ligand ratio is 1:50 to 1:200.
- 14. The process of claim 7 wherein the aqueous phase contains 40 to 100 ppm of rhodium.
- 15. The process of claim 9 wherein the pressure is 30 to 80 bars.
- 16. The process of claim 10 wherein the temperature is 100 to 140° C.
- 17. The process of claim 1 wherein the trisulfonated triarylphosphine has the formula wherein Ar1, Ar2 and Ar3 are individually selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, phenylnaphthyl and binaphthyl and M1, M2 and M3 are individually alkali metal ion or ammonium ion.
- 18. The process of claim 1 wherein the trisulfonated triarylphosphine is trisodium tris(m-sulfophenyl)-phosphine.
- 19. The process of claim 1 wherein the trisulfonated triarylphosphine has the formula where m1 and m2 are 0 or 1 and m1+m2 is at least 1 and M1, M2, M3 and M4 are individually an alkali metal ion or ammonium ion.
- 20. The process of claim 1 wherein the trisulfonated triarylphosphine has the formula wherein m1, m2, m3 and m4 are individually 0 or 1 and m1+m2+m3+m4 is at least 2 and M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6 are individually alkali metal ion or ammonium ion.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
197 42 305 |
Sep 1997 |
DE |
|
Parent Case Info
This application is a 371 of PCT/EP98/05683 filed Sep. 8, 1998.
PCT Information
Filing Document |
Filing Date |
Country |
Kind |
PCT/EP98/05683 |
|
WO |
00 |
Publishing Document |
Publishing Date |
Country |
Kind |
WO99/15488 |
4/1/1999 |
WO |
A |
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