Patent Application
20190373928
The present application relates to a method for producing a meat broth composition and a meat broth composition.
Meat broth, which is produced using various base materials of meat (e.g., beef, pork, chicken, etc.), base materials of seafood (e.g., shrimp, squid, octopus, clam meat, etc.), and various kinds of condiment vegetables (e.g., onion, garlic, green onion, pepper, etc.) are used as important base materials for cooking in each country of the world including Korean-style, Chinese-style, Japanese-style, and Western-style cuisines. Specifically, examples of the meat broth include a basic meat broth, which is produced using kelp, shiitake mushroom, radish, green onion, and onion as main ingredients; a beef leg bone broth, which is produced using beef leg bones, green onion, and garlic as main ingredients; a beef broth, which is produced using beef brisket, shank, green onion, garlic, pepper corn, rice wine, etc.; a chicken broth, which is produced using chicken, chicken bones, onion, carrot, garlic, celery, pepper corn, green onion, etc.; a cold noodle meat broth of a beef base, meat broth such as a dongchimi(radish water kimchi) meat broth in which a dongchimi broth and a beef meat broth are mixed; an anchovy meat broth, which is produced using anchovy for a broth, kelp, green onion, etc.; a shellfish broth, which is produced using purged short-necked clam, Manila clam, kelp, Cheongyang red pepper, etc.; a dried pollack broth, which is produced using dried pollack, anchovy, kelp, green onion, radish, etc.; and a seafood meat broth such as a Katsuobushi broth and a fish broth, which is extracted from fish bones and condiment vegetables.
KR Patent Laid-open Publication No. 10-2013-0063657 discloses a preparation method for implementing excellent tastes comparable to home-style or professional store levels by utilizing these meat broths with various flavors in processed foods.
Until now, generally, seasoning base materials in the form of meat, seafood, vegetable extract, or powder, which have been produced in advance, are mixed with purified water and heated to be used in a manufactured product as a base material substitute for meat broth.
(Patent Document 1) KR Patent Laid-open Publication No. 10-2013-0063657 (published on Jun. 17, 2013)
To solve the above problems, an object of the present application provides a method for producing a meat broth composition, in which the method includes steps of: primary heating of at least one base material selected from the group consisting of meat, seafood, and condiment herbs in water at 90-100° C. for 3-35 minutes; secondary heating of the base material, which has undergone primary heating, in water at 80-140° C. for 20-190 minutes; and heating and sterilizing the meat broth extracted in the secondary heating step at 90-130° C. for 10-60 minutes.
Additionally, another object of the present application provides meat broth composition, which is produced by a method comprising steps of: primary heating of at least one base material to be used as a base material selected from the group consisting of seafood and condiment herbs in water at 90-100° C. for 3-35 minutes; secondary heating of the base material, which has undergone primary heating, in water at 80-140° C. for 20-190 minutes; and heating and sterilizing the meat broth extracted in the secondary heating step at 90-130° C. for 10-60 minutes.
To achieve the above objects, an aspect of the present application provides a method for producing meat broth composition, in which the method comprises steps of: primary heating of at least one base material selected from the group consisting of meat, seafood, and condiment herbs in water at 90-100° C. for 3-35 minutes; secondary heating of the base material, which has undergone primary heating, in water at 80-140° C. for 20-190 minutes; and heating and sterilizing the meat broth extracted in the secondary heating step at 90-130° C. for 10-60 minutes.
The base material of the above-described method is characterized in that one or more base material selected from the group consisting of meat, seafood, and condiment herbs is used, and in particular, at the time of high-temperature and high-pressure retort sterilization applied for mass production, it is possible to provide meat broth having an excellent sensory quality with reduced browning of the conventional extract or powdered seasoning base material amino acids and saccharides or a subsequent retort odor thereof.
The production method may further include a step of curing original material of the base material with a curing agent so as to reduce the off-flavor of base materials. Specifically, the curing agent may be any one or more among condiments, condiment vegetables, cooking liquor, oil, vinegar, lemon juice, coffee powder, and green tea powder. More specifically, the condiments may be laurel leaves, rosemary, thyme, nutmeg, and pepper, and the condiment vegetables may be ginger, onion, green onion, and celery, but the condiments and the condiment vegetables are not limited thereto. The cooking liquor may be rice wine and wine, and the oil may be olive oil, but the cooking liquor and the oil are not limited thereto. The curing agent may be mixed in an amount of 0.005-2.5 wt % (w/w), specifically 0.01-2.0 wt % (w/w), and more specifically 0.05-1.5 wt % (w/w) relative to the total weight of the original material of the base materials. When the amount is less than the above range, the curing effect is hardly exhibited, whereas when the amount is excessive, the flavor of the base materials may be worsened. To uniformly disperse the curing agent in the base materials, a method of curing the original material of the base materials in a curing agent or a method of tumbling in a vacuum state may be used. The original material of the base materials may be mixed with a curing agent and cured by storing in a refrigerator or placing at room temperature, and specifically, may be cured by placing at 5-25° C. for 2-12 hours.
The primary heating step is a step of primary heating of the base materials, and specifically, the primary heating step may be performed at 90-100° C. for 3-35 minutes, and specifically, heated at 95-100° C. for 5-30 minutes. It is difficult to remove off-taste and off-flavor of the base materials outside the above temperature and time range.
After the primary heating step, a step of washing the heated base materials with cold water may be further included. Through the step of washing the heated base materials with cold water, blood clots, oil, impurities, etc. generated during the primary heating process can be removed in advance, and thereby a clear meat broth which has no off-flavor such as an unpleasant meat smell, a fishy smell of seafood, etc. and the unique rich taste of the base materials can be retained can be produced.
In the secondary heating step, the base materials which underwent the primary heating are heated under at a pressure of 0.5-3.0 kgf/cm2 at 80-140° C. for 20-190 minutes, specifically at a pressure of 1.2-2.7 kgf/cm2 at 105-130° C. for 25-100 minutes, and more specifically at a pressure of 1.8-2.1 kgf/cm2 at 115-121° C. for 30-50 minutes, and thereby meat broth can be produced. Except the above temperature and time ranges, it is not only difficult to elute meat broth from the base materials, but also, as the secondary heating step is performed under high temperature and high pressure conditions within a short period of time within the above temperature and time range, the sensory quality and the amounts of taste-enhancer amino acids can be maintained, and the time required for the heating step can be shortened, thereby improving the productivity. By the heating process of consisting of two steps, an industrial large-scale production method in which amino acids and protein components are enriched and microbial stability is excellent can be provided.
Additionally, in the secondary heating step, a natural antibacterial agent may be further included so as to ensure the microbial safety of the meat broth.
As the natural antibacterial agent, any one having the function of growth inhibition or sterilization of bacteria may be used without limitation, which may be specifically any one or more among an organic acid, an alcohol, a surfactant, a bacteriocin, and a calcium preparation, and a natural antibacterial agent derived from a plant, animal, or microorganism containing the same, or a natural antibacterial agent containing one or more among rice wine, garlic, onion, red pepper, rosemary, oregano, celery, pepper, vinegar, lactic acid, and citric acid. The natural antibacterial agent may be added in an amount of 0.005-2.5 wt % (w/w), and specifically 0.01-2.0 wt % (w/w) relative to the total weight of the base materials. Additionally, an additional base material may be added so as to strengthen the characteristics of the taste of the meat broth.
Additionally, the heated meat broth may be concentrated using a vacuum concentrator after the secondary heating step.
The above sterilization step is a step for heat sterilization of the meat broth extracted in the secondary heating step, and specifically, the heat sterilization may be performed at 90-130° C., specifically 100-130° C., more specifically 115-125° C. for 10-60 minutes, and more preferably at 115-121° C. In connection with the problem with the meat broth, which is produced according to the retort process under the extreme conditions that had been performed for the purpose of sterilization in the convention method of producing meat broth, in that a retort odor remains in the meat broth, as described hereinbelow, the present application, by applying the above method, can have an effect that the retort odor of meat broth can be reduced even in large-scale production (factory-style production), although the meat broth may undergo retort.
The method for producing meat broth of the present application enables to produce various meat broths according to the base materials, such as meat, condiment vegetables, seafood, etc. Specifically, examples of meat-based broths include a beef bone meat broth, a beef broth, a chicken broth, a dongchimi meat broth, etc., and examples of seafood broths include an anchovy meat broth, a shellfish broth, a dried pollack broth, a Katsuobushi broth, a fish broth, etc.
The meat broth produced according to the production method of the present application, immediately after the production, contains a total number of bacteria of less than 1.0×102 CFU/L, a number of heat-resistant bacteria of less than 1.0×102 CFU/L, and a number of fungi of less than 1.0×101 CFU/L, and even after 6 hours at room temperature, contains a total number of bacteria of less than 1.0×102 CFU/L, a number of heat-resistant bacteria of less than 1.0×102 CFU/L, and a number of fungi of less than 1.0×101 CFU/L, and thus the microbial stability can be secured.
The meat broth produced according to the production method of the present application can have an excellent sensory quality and an amount of taste-enhancer amino acids compared to the conventional meat broth, in which the meat broth is produced by mixing an extract of meat, seafood, and vegetables or powdered seasoning base materials with purified water followed by heating, which have been produced in advance. Additionally, the meat broth produced according to the production method of the present application can have an improved sensory quality preference and reduced values of 2-pentyl-furan, 2-heptanal, and 3-octanone (i.e., causes of the retort odor) compared to the meat broth produced by the conventional method. In particular, as the meat broth undergoes the curing step and the two-step heating, the degree of improvement in sensory quality and the degree of reduction in retort odor can be more excellent. Specifically, the meat broth of the present application may contain 2-pentyl-furan in an amount of less than 3.0 μg/100 g, specifically less than 1.5 μg/100 g, more specifically equal to or less than 1.0 μg/100 g; contain 2-heptanal in an amount of less than 1.0 μg/100 g, specifically less than 0.75 μg/100 g, more specifically equal to or less than 0.5 μg/100 g; and contain 3-octanone in an amount of less than 1.0 μg/100 g, specifically less than 0.85 μg/100 g, and more specifically equal to or less than 0.7 μg/100 g.
Additionally, another aspect of the present application provides a meat broth composition for retort, which is produced by a method comprising steps of: primary heating of one or more the base material selected from the group consisting of meat, seafood, and condiment herbs in water at 90-100° C. for 3-35 minutes; secondary heating of the base material, which has undergone primary heating, in water at 80-140° C. for 20-190 minutes; and heating and sterilizing the meat broth extracted in the secondary heating step at 90-130° C. for 10-60 minutes. The meat broth composition, even if it is produced on a large scale in a large facility (factory scale), has an excellent sensory quality due to the improvement in the amount of eluted taste components (e.g., taste-enhancer amino acids) as well as a reduced retort odor, and also has an effect of maintaining the flavor even when the meat broth undergoes extreme sterilization conditions.
The method for producing meat broth according to the present application has an effect capable of producing a high-quality meat broth in an industrial scale in which the loss of taste components of base materials can be minimized even after high-pressure high-temperature heat sterilization such as retort, compared to the conventional meat broth or seasoning materials.
Hereinafter, the present application will be described in more detail to allow for a clearer understanding of the present application. However, the following examples are provided for easier understanding of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the following examples.
In consideration of the deep taste level of the targeted meat broth, livestock meat and poultry (e.g., beef, pork, chicken, etc.) as meat in a refrigerated or frozen state; shrimp, squid, surf clam, dried pollack, kelp, etc. as seafood; and garlic, green onion, onion, radish, mushroom, etc. as vegetable base materials were produced alone or by mixing in combination thereof in an amount of 10-50 wt % (w/w), relative to the amount of the meat broth to be produced. In the case of a meat original material, the original material was left in flowing water for 12 hours, bled off, washed, and cut to be produced as a base material.
The meat or seafood original materials as base materials are mixed with a curing agent containing an extract of condiments, cooking liquor, an organic acid, or a mixture thereof in an amount of 0.01-2.0 wt % (w/w) relative to the weight of the original material of the base materials, or the curing agent is produced in a solution state, added to the original material of the base materials, and mixed or immersed.
In a 3,000 L capacity double steam jacketed production tank, 500 kg of a meat original material as a base material mixed and cured with a 50 L curing solution was subjected to primary heating in hot water at 95° C. for about 20 minutes, and then blood clots, floating oil, impurities, etc. were removed in advance by washing in cold water. The base materials which underwent the primary heating were subjected to secondary heating to prepare meat broth. The specific heating conditions were 85-95° C. for 30-180 minutes, and various kinds of non-meat parts (e.g., bones, skins, etc.) were added together with condiment vegetables so as to enhance the sensory characteristics of meat broth. During the secondary heating, a natural antibacterial agent was further added in an amount of 0.01-2.0 wt % (w/w) relative to the weight of the base materials so as to secure microbial stability.
After the cooking by the secondary heating, the meat broth was filled into a heat-resistant pouch or tray material of a multilayer packaging material for retort consisting of polypropylene, aluminum, nylon, etc. having resistance to high temperature, light- and oxygen-blocking properties, and flexibility; packaged; sterilized by heating at a temperature of 105-123° C. for 10-60 minutes; and prepared into a processed food that can be distributed in a refrigerated state or room temperature.
(1) Confirmation of Amounts of Taste-Enhancer Amino Acids
1) Confirmation of Amounts of Taste-Enhancer Amino Acids According to Type of Base Materials
Taste-enhancer amino acids are glutamine, glycine, alanine, lysine, and arginine, which are major taste ingredients that impart a savory taste and a meat flavor of meat broth, and these taste-enhancer amino acids serve as an important control index indicating that the taste quality is improved as the amounts of these taste-enhancer amino acids increase.
The amounts of taste-enhancer amino acids of meat broth produced according to the heating consisting of two steps using the base materials were compared to those of taste-enhancer amino acids of meat broth produced as seasoning materials in the state of an extract or powder applied to the conventional mass production.
Specifically, meat, seafood, vegetable extracts (base materials of ES food, beef, pork, and chicken seasoning concentrates) or seasoning materials in the powder state (base materials of ES food, beef powder, and vegetable seasoning powder) were mixed with purified water, heated at 121° C. for 20 minutes by retort sterilization, and the amounts of taste-enhancer amino acids were examined and the results are shown in Table 1 and
As confirmed in Table 1 and
2) Confirmation of Amounts of Taste-Enhancer Amino Acids According to Production Scale
An attempt was made to confirm whether the quality can be maintained when the method for producing the meat broth of the present application is a large-scale production. Specifically, for the method for producing the meat broth of the present application, the conditions as shown in Table 2 (i.e., the factory-style scale is a 3,000 L scale in a double steam jacketed production tank, and the home-style scale is a 10 L scale with heating at 90-100° C. for 20-180 minutes) were applied, and the amounts of the taste-enhancer amino acids in the produced meat broth were confirmed. The results are shown in Table 2 and
Generally, while the quality of the product decreases as the production scale increases and the production process becomes extreme, as can be confirmed in Table 2 and
3) Confirmation of Amounts of Taste-Enhancer Amino Acids According to Conditions of Secondary Heating Step
To confirm the presence/absence of changes in quality of meat broth according to conditions of the secondary heating step (i.e., temperature, time, and pressure) and optimal conditions, the amounts of taste-enhancer amino acids in the meat broth produced according to the changes in the conditions of the secondary heating step in the process of performing the secondary heating of the base materials which underwent the primary heating step. The results are shown in Table 3 and
Meat broth samples were produced in the same manner with the only differences in specific conditions of temperature, time, and pressure of the secondary heating step as in Preparation Example 1 and Table 3.
As can be confirmed in Table 3 and
(2) Confirmation of Effect of Reducing Retort Odor
The effect of reducing the retort odor and the effect of improving sensory evaluation of meat broth, which shows differences according to steps of the present application, were confirmed, compared to the extract/powder heating meat broth. Specifically, the meat broth was produced with the differences in the process of Preparation Example 1 as shown in Table 4 below and used, and for the extract/powder heating meat broth, the meat broth of Experimental Example 4 was used. With regard to the retort odor, 2-pentyl-furan, 2-heptanal, and 3-octanone was measured using the gas chromatograph (GC), and for the sensory evaluation, overall taste, overall flavor, and color were evaluated via a 5-point scale method. The results are shown in Table 4 and
As confirmed in Table 4 and
In particular, it can be confirmed that the level of retort odor reduction becomes more excellent as the meat broth of the present application undergoes a curing step and a two-step heating.
(3) Confirmation of Preferences in Sensory Evaluation
1) Confirmation of Preferences in Sensory Evaluation According to the Conditions of Secondary Heating Step
The sensory quality preferences for the meat broths produced according to the differences in the secondary heating step of Experimental Example 1 (1) 3) were confirmed, and the results are shown in Table 5 and
As can be confirmed in Table 5 and
2) Confirmation of Sensory Evaluation Preferences Between the Conventional Meat Broth and that of the Present Application
With respect to the conventional meat broth of Experimental Example 1 (1) 1) and that of the present application, the sensory evaluation preferences were confirmed and compared, and the results are shown in Table 6 and
As confirmed in Table 6 and
3) Confirmation of Sensory Evaluation Preferences for the Meat Broth of the Present Application According to Production Scale
With regard to the production scale of Experimental Example 1 (1) 2), the sensory evaluation preferences were confirmed, and the results are shown in Table 7 and
Additionally, even in the sensory quality preference of meat broth, as can be confirmed in Table 7 and
(4) Confirmation of Sensory Evaluation Preferences According to Reduction in Retort Odor
With regard to the reduction in retort odor of Experimental Example 1 (2), the sensory evaluation preferences were confirmed, and the results are shown in Table 8 and
As confirmed in Table 8 and
In the secondary heating step, the microbial stability according to the addition of a natural antibacterial agent was confirmed. Specifically, the total number of bacteria, the number of heat-resistance bacteria, and the number of fungi of the meat broth were confirmed immediately after the production and after 6 hours at room temperature, in which the meat broth was produced in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1 except the differences in the presence/absence of a natural antibacterial agent and the kind thereof as conditions shown in Table 3 at the time of the secondary heating. The results are shown in Table 9 and
As can be confirmed in Table 9 and
Additionally, it was confirmed that even after 6 hours at room temperature, the meat broth in which no natural antibacterial agent was not added showed an increase in all of the total number of bacteria, the number of heat-resistance bacteria, and the number of fungi, compared to the meat broth immediately after the production, thus showing low microbial stability. In contrast, in the meat broth in which natural antibacterial agents were added, all of the total number of bacteria, the number of heat-resistance bacteria, and the number of fungi showed only an increase of less than 101 compared to the meat broth immediately after the production, thus showing high microbial stability.
The meat broth of the present application and the products containing the meat broth of the present application were subjected to sensory evaluation (5-point scale method) with regard to overall taste, savory taste, and physical appearance, and the results are shown in Tables 10 and 11. Specifically, the quality of the meat broth of the present application produced by the method of Preparation Example 1 was compared to that of the conventional meat broth. Specifically, for the conventional meat broth, the meat broth was produced using an extract and purified water, or using an extract by adding extract (base materials of ES food, beef, pork, chicken seasoning extract, etc.) or seasoning powder (base materials of ES food, beef seasoning powder, chicken seasoning powder, etc.) in an amount of 1-10 wt % (w/w) relative to the weight of purified water, and heating at 90-100° C. for about 5-20 minutes, and the meat broth of the present application was produced by the production method of Preparation Example 1.
As shown in Table 10, it was confirmed that the meat broth of the present application was improved in all of the evaluation items compared to the conventional meat broth to have statistical significance (p<0.05).
As shown in Table 11, it was confirmed that the products containing the meat broth of the present application showed high scores in the overall taste, savory taste, and physical appearance considering colors compared to the products containing the extract/powder heating meat broth by 0.2-0.4 points per item.
From the above results, it was confirmed that when the heat extraction method of meat broth production using various meat and seafood and vegetable base materials was applied to the production of various produced foods with cooking convenience (e.g., soup, broth, stew, side dishes, main dishes, etc.), an effect of significantly improving sensory quality during high-temperature high-pressure heat sterilization (in particular, retort) was shown, thus confirming that the novel method for producing meat broth established through the present application is an effective technology that can be utilized in the future in the development of foods to be refrigerated and processed at room temperature.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2017-0002788 | Jan 2017 | KR | national |
| 10-2018-0002998 | Jan 2018 | KR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2018/000445 | 1/9/2018 | WO | 00 |
