Patent Application
20120289706
The present invention relates to a new general process for the preparation of thiotriazolo group-containing compounds. The invention furthermore relates to intermediates and to their preparation.
Important pesticidal compounds carry a thio-triazolo group. In the literature, several routes for the preparation of such thio-triazolo-compounds have been described. It is known, for example, to introduce the thio-group into the respective triazole compounds using a strong base such as LDA or n-BuLi and sulfur, preferably sulfur powder. Alternatively, the triazole compounds are reacted with sulfur in the presence of an aprotic polar solvent, such as, for example, an amide (such as dimethylformamide (DMF)) or N-alkylpyrrolidone (such as N-octylpyrrolidone, N-dodecylpyrrolidone or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP)). See also WO 99/19307, WO 97/06151, WO 97/05119 and WO 96/41804. The disadvantages of these methods are that the yield of the desired products is usually comparably low and that the reaction conditions generally do not allow commercial scales.
WO 99/18088 (DE 19744400) is particularly directed to the synthesis of prothioconazole and analogues containing a thio-triazolo-group, wherein the respective hydrazine derivative or a salt thereof is, in a first step, reacted with a thiocyanate YSCN (Y=Na, K, NH4+) in the presence of a diluting agent to the thiosemicarbazide derivative
which is then, in a second step, reacted with formic acid in order to obtain the thiotriazolo-compound.
WO 99/18086 (DE 19744401) is directed to a further synthesis of prothioconazole and analogues containing a thio-triazolo-group, wherein in a first step the respective hydrazine derivative is reacted with a carbonyl compound R3C(═O)R4 and with thiocyanate XSCN(X=Na, K, NH4+) to the triazolidinthion derivative,
which is then in a second step reacted with formic acid in order to obtain the thiotriazolo-compound.
WO 99/18087 is directed to a further synthesis of prothioconazole and analogues containing a thio-triazolo-group, wherein in a first step the respective hydrazine derivative is reacted with formaldehyde and a thiocyanate XSCN in the presence of a diluting agent to the triazolidinthion derivative
which is then in a second step either reacted with an oxidizing agent and a diluting agent or with formic acid.
WO 01/46158 is directed to a further synthesis of prothioconazole containing a thiotriazolo-group, wherein in a first step the respective hydrazine hydrochloride derivative is synthesized. In a second step the hydrazine hydrochloride derivative is first treated with alkali metal hydroxide in the presence of water and an aromatic hydrocarbon, then it is sequentially treated with formaldehyde and a thiocyanate XSCN(X=Na, K, NH4+) in the presence of water and an aromatic hydrocarbon to result in a triazolidinthion derivative. In a third step said triazolidinthion derivative is oxidized using Fe(III)chloride in the presence of hydrochloric acid.
Pflanzenschutz-Nachrichten Bayer 57/2004, 2 gives a summary of different methods for the synthesis of prothioconazole.
Specific thio-triazole compounds that are known as active ingredients having pesticidal, in particular fungicidal activity, are known, for example, from WO 96/38440. Also WO 2009/077471 (PCT/EP2008/067483), WO 2009/077443 (PCT/EP2008/067394) WO 2009/077500 (PCT/EP2008/067545), WO 2009/077497 (PCT/EP2008/067539) describe further specific thio-triazolo compounds. Therein, several preparation routes for the disclosed compounds are explained.
The methods known from the literature are sometimes not suitable for the efficient synthesis of substituted thio-triazoles because the yield is not sufficient, the reaction has to be carried out in several steps and/or the reaction conditions and parameters such as temperature and/or reactants are not suitable for an upscale to industrially relevant amounts. For example the reaction that involves strong bases often result in a high amount of side products and low yields of the desired products. Inter alia because some thio-triazolo compounds are promising fungicidally active compounds, there is an ongoing need for improved processes that easily make the thio-triazolo compounds available.
It has now surprisingly been found a highly efficient general synthesis for building up substituted thio-triazolo group containing compounds. The inventive process represents a new general route for the cyclization of hydrazine derivatives in order to obtain thio-triazolo-compounds, wherein comparably high yields can be obtained. Furthermore, the inventive process can be carried out as a one-pot reaction and under conditions that are suitable for commercial scale-up.
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of substituted thiotriazolo groups of the general formula (I)
is reacted with Mn+(SCN)n (IV) and an orthoformic ester HC(OR)(OR5)(OR7) (V),
m is 1, 2 or 3.
The thio-triazolo-groups of the general formula (I) can be present in two tautomeric forms—the “thiono” form of the formula (Ia) or in the “thiol” form of the formula (Ib).
However, for the sake of simplicity, generally only one of the two forms, mostly the “thiol” form is shown here.
In some of the definitions of the symbols in the formulae given herein, collective terms are used which are generally representative of the following substituents:
halogen: fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine; alkyl and the alkyl moieties of composite groups such as, for example, alkylamino: saturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having 1 to 4, 6, 8 or 12 carbon atoms, for example C1-C6-alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl, pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methyl pentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl and 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl;
haloalkyl: alkyl as mentioned above, where some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups are replaced by halogen atoms as mentioned above; in particular C1-C2-haloalkyl, such as chloromethyl, bromomethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chlorofluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, 1-chloroethyl, 1-bromoethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, pentafluoroethyl or 1,1,1-trifluoroprop-2-yl alkenyl and also the alkenyl moieties in composite groups, such as alkenyloxy: unsaturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having 2 to 4, 2 to 6 or 2 to 8 carbon atoms and one double bond in any position. According to the invention, it may be preferred to use small alkenyl groups, such as (C2-C4)-alkenyl; on the other hand, it may also be preferred to employ larger alkenyl groups, such as (C5-C8)-alkenyl. Examples of alkenyl groups are, for example, C2-C6-alkenyl, such as ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-methylethenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-methyl-1-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-methyl-2-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-methyl-1-butenyl, 2-methyl-1-butenyl, 3-methyl-1-butenyl, 1-methyl-2-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-methyl-3-butenyl, 2-methyl-3-butenyl, 3-methyl-3-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-1-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-propenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, 5-hexenyl, 1-methyl-1-pentenyl, 2-methyl-1-pentenyl, 3-methyl-1-pentenyl, 4-methyl-1-pentenyl, 1-methyl-2-pentenyl, 2-methyl-2-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-pentenyl, 4-methyl-2-pentenyl, 1-methyl-3-pentenyl, 2-methyl-3-pentenyl, 3-methyl-3-pentenyl, 4-methyl-3-pentenyl, 1-methyl-4-pentenyl, 2-methyl-4-pentenyl, 3-methyl-4-pentenyl, 4-methyl-4-pentenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1-ethyl-1-butenyl, 1-ethyl-2-butenyl, 1-ethyl-3-butenyl, 2-ethyl-1-butenyl, 2-ethyl-2-butenyl, 2-ethyl-3-butenyl, 1,1,2-trimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-methyl-1-propenyl and 1-ethyl-2-methyl-2-propenyl;
haloalkenyl: alkenyl as defined above, where some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups are replaced by halogen atoms as described above under haloalkyl, in particular by fluorine, chlorine or bromine;
alkadienyl: unsaturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having 4 to 6 or 4 to 8 carbon atoms and two double bonds in any position;
alkynyl and the alkynyl moieties in composite groups: straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon groups having 2 to 4, 2 to 6 or 2 to 8 carbon atoms and one or two triple bonds in any position, for example C2-C6-alkynyl, such as ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-methyl-2-propynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1-methyl-2-butynyl, 1-methyl-3-butynyl, 2-methyl-3-butynyl, 3-methyl-1-butynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl, 1-ethyl-2-propynyl, 1-hexynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 4-hexynyl, 5-hexynyl, 1-methyl-2-pentynyl, 1-methyl-3-pentynyl, 1-methyl-4-pentynyl, 2-methyl-3-pentynyl, 2-methyl-4-pentynyl, 3-methyl-1-pentynyl, 3-methyl-4-pentynyl, 4-methyl-1-pentynyl, 4-methyl-2-pentynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butynyl, 1-ethyl-2-butynyl, 1-ethyl-3-butynyl, 2-ethyl-3-butynyl and 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-propynyl;
haloalkynyl: alkynyl as defined above, where some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups are replaced by halogen atoms as described above under haloalkyl, in particular by fluorine, chlorine or bromine;
cycloalkyl and also the cycloalkyl moieties in composite groups: mono- or bicyclic saturated hydrocarbon groups having 3 to 8, in particular 3 to 6, carbon ring members, for example C3-C6-cycloalkyl, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl;
halocycloalkyl: cycloalkyl as defined above, where some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups are replaced by halogen atoms as described above under haloalkyl, in particular by fluorine, chlorine or bromine;
cycloalkenyl: monocyclic monounsaturated hydrocarbon groups having preferably 3 to 8 or 4 to 6, in particular 5 to 6, carbon ring members, such as cyclopenten-1-yl, cyclopenten-3-yl, cyclohexen-1-yl, cyclohexen-3-yl, cyclohexen-4-yl and the like;
halocycloalkenyl: cycloalkenyl as defined above, where some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups are replaced by halogen atoms as described above under haloalkyl, in particular by fluorine, chlorine or bromine;
alkoxy: an alkyl group as defined above which is attached via an oxygen, preferably having 1 to 8, more preferably 2 to 6, carbon atoms. Examples are: methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, 1-methylethoxy, butoxy, 1-methylpropoxy, 2-methylpropoxy or 1,1-dimethylethoxy, and also for example, pentoxy, 1-methylbutoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, 3-methylbutoxy, 1,1-dimethylpropoxy, 1,2-dimethylpropoxy, 2,2-dimethylpropoxy, 1-ethylpropoxy, hexoxy, 1-methylpentoxy, 2-methylpentoxy, 3-methylpentoxy, 4-methylpentoxy, 1,1-dimethylbutoxy, 1,2-dimethylbutoxy, 1,3-dimethylbutoxy, 2,2-dimethylbutoxy, 2,3-dimethylbutoxy, 3,3-dimethylbutoxy, 1-ethylbutoxy, 2-ethylbutoxy, 1,1,2-trimethylpropoxy, 1,2,2-trimethylpropoxy, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxy or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxy;
haloalkoxy: alkoxy as defined above, where some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups are replaced by halogen atoms as described above under haloalkyl, in particular by fluorine, chlorine or bromine. Examples are OCH2F, OCHF2, OCF3, OCH2Cl, OCHCl2, OCCl3, chlorofluoromethoxy, dichlorofluoromethoxy, chlorodifluoromethoxy, 2-fluoroethoxy, 2-chloroethoxy, 2-bromoethoxy, 2-iodoethoxy, 2,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethoxy, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxy, OC2F5, 2-fluoropropoxy, 3-fluoropropoxy, 2,2-difluoropropoxy, 2,3-difluoropropoxy, 2-chloropropoxy, 3-chloropropoxy, 2,3-dichloropropoxy, 2-bromopropoxy, 3-bromopropoxy, 3,3,3-trifluoropropoxy, 3,3,3-trichloropropoxy, OCH2—C2F5, OCF2—C2F5, 1-(CH2F)-2-fluoroethoxy, 1-(CH2Cl)-2-chloroethoxy, 1-(CH2Br)-2-bromoethoxy, 4-fluorobutoxy, 4-chlorobutoxy, 4-bromobutoxy or nonafluorobutoxy; and also 5-fluoropentoxy, 5-chloropentoxy, 5-bromopentoxy, 5-iodopentoxy, undecafluoropentoxy, 6-fluorohexoxy, 6-chlorohexoxy, 6-bromohexoxy, 6-iodohexoxy or dodecafluorohexoxy.
alkylene: divalent unbranched chains of CH2 groups. Preference is given to (C1-C6)-alkylene, more preference to (C2-C4)-alkylene; furthermore, it may be preferred to use (C1-C3)-alkylene groups. Examples of preferred alkylene radicals are CH2, CH2CH2, CH2CH2CH2, CH2(CH2)2CH2, CH2(CH2)3CH2 and CH2(CH2)4—CH2;
a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered saturated or partially unsaturated heterocycle which contains 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms from the group consisting of O, N and S, where the heterocycle in question may be attached via a carbon atom or, if present, via a nitrogen atom. According to the invention, it may be preferred for the heterocycle in question to be attached via carbon, on the other hand, it may also be preferred for the heterocycle to be attached via nitrogen. In particular:
a 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered aromatic heterocycle which contains 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms from the group consisting of O, N and S: in particular a five- or six-membered aromatic mono- or bicyclic heterocycle which contains one, two, three or four heteroatoms from the group consisting of O, N and S: the heterocycle in question may be attached via a carbon atom or, if present, via a nitrogen atom. According to the invention, it may be preferred for the heterocycle in question to be attached via carbon, on the other hand, it may also be preferred for the heterocycle to be attached via nitrogen. The heterocycle is in particular:
The inventive process offers a general new and inventive route for the cyclization of hydrazine derivatives in order to obtain thio-triazolo-group-containing compounds. According to the present invention, R can be in principle any organic residue, as long as the hydrazine derivative can be reacted in the inventive manner. Thus “organic” residue” in the sense of the inventive process means, that the organic residue is inert under the conditions of the present invention. If necessary, some reactive groups can be protected via suitable protecting groups. It is within the skill of a person of the art to choose suitable groups and it is general knowledge of the skilled person how to insert and remove such groups. Important pesticidal compounds carry a thio-triazolo group. In particular, there are compounds of formula (I) known that are effective against phytopathogenic fungi. According to one aspect of the present invention, compounds of formula (I) are active compounds for controlling phytopathogenic fungi. Thus, compounds that can advantageously be synthesized using the new inventive process are for example fungicidal compounds of the azole compound class.
For example, the inventive process has shown to be very useful for the synthesis of thio triazole compounds that contain an epoxide group. Compounds that contain labile functional groups such as an epoxide group can often not be efficiently and/or economically be synthesized via prior art processes. Such compounds are for example described in WO 96/38440, WO 2009/077471 (PCT/EP2008/067483), WO 2009/077443 (PCT/EP2008/067394) WO 2009/077500 (PCT/EP2008/067545) and WO 2009/077497 (PCT/EP2008/067539), wherein these publications also describe the fungicidal activity of said compounds.
Accordingly, in one aspect of the inventive process, R in the compounds (I) (and the precursors thereof) has the following meaning (1):
wherein # shall mean the point of attachment to the triazolo group or the hydrazine unit (or to the respective precursor-group), respectively, and A and B are as defined as follows:
and the respective other variable B or A has
In the compounds (I), wherein R is a group (1) (also called compounds (I)-(1)) that can be advantageously be synthesized according to the invention, particular preference is given to the following meanings of the substituents, in each case on their own or in combination.
According to one embodiment, A and B independently stand for unsubstituted phenyl or substituted phenyl containing one, two, three or four independently selected substituents L.
According to one specific embodiment, A is unsubstituted phenyl.
According to a further embodiment, A is phenyl, containing one, two, three or four, in particular one or two, independently selected substituents L, wherein L is as defined or as preferably defined herein. According to one aspect of this embodiment, one of the substituents is in 4-position (para) of the phenyl ring. According to a further aspect, L is in each case independently selected from F, Cl, Br, nitro, phenyl, phenoxy, methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, difluoromethyl, difluorochloromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy and trifluorochloromethyl. According to another specific aspect, L is in each case independently selected from F, Cl and Br, in particular F and Cl.
According to another embodiment, A is monosubstituted phenyl, containing one substituent L, wherein L is as defined or as preferably defined herein. According to one aspect, said substituent is in para-position.
According to a specific embodiment, A is 3-fluorophenyl.
According to another embodiment, A is phenyl, containing two or three independently selected substituents L.
According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, A is phenyl which is substituted by one F and contains a further substituent L, where the phenyl may additionally contain one or two substituents L selected independently of one another, wherein L is as defined or preferably defined herein. According to a preferred embodiment, A is a group A-1
in which # is the point of attachment of the phenyl ring to the oxirane ring; and
In one embodiment, L2 is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, methyl, methoxy, CF3, CHF2, OCF3, OCF3 and OCHF2. According to a more specific embodiment, L2 is F or Cl.
In one embodiment, L3 is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, methyl, methoxy, CF3, CHF2, OCF3, OCF3 or OCHF2. According to a more specific embodiment, L3 is independently F or Cl.
According to a preferred embodiment, m=0. According to a further preferred embodiment, m=1.
In the formula A-1, the fluorine substituent is, according to a preferred embodiment, in the 4-position.
According to still another embodiment, A is disubstituted phenyl, containing exactly two substituents L that are independently selected from each other, wherein L is as defined or as preferably defined herein. In particular, L is in each case independently selected from F, Cl, Br, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl and C1-C4-alkoxy, in particular selected from F, Cl, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl and C1-C4-alkoxy, in particular selected from F, Cl, methyl, trifluoromethyl and methoxy. According to a further aspect of this embodiment, the second substituent L is selected from methyl, methoxy and chloro. According to another aspect, one of the substituents is in the 4-position of the phenyl ring. According to another specific aspect, A is phenyl containing one F and exactly one further substituent L as defined or preferably defined herein.
According to yet a further preferred embodiment, A is disubstituted phenyl which contains one F and a further substituent L selected from the group consisting of Cl, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl and C1-C4-alkoxy, in particular selected from the group consisting of Cl, methyl, trifluoromethyl and methoxy. The second substituent L is specifically selected from the group consisting of methyl, methoxy and chloroine. According to one aspect thereof, one of the substituents is located in the 4-position of the phenyl ring.
According to another specific embodiment, A is 2,4-disubstituted phenyl. According to still another specific embodiment, A is 2,3-disubstituted phenyl. According to still another specific embodiment, A is 2,5-disubstituted phenyl. According to still another specific embodiment, A is 2,6-disubstituted phenyl. According to still another specific embodiment, A is 3,4-disubstituted phenyl. According to still another specific embodiment, A is 3,5-disubstituted phenyl.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, A is phenyl which is substituted by exactly two F. According to one aspect, A is 2,3-difluoro-substituted. According to a further aspect, A is 2,4-difluoro-substituted. According to yet a further aspect, A is 2,5-difluoro-substituted. According to yet a further aspect, A is 2,6-difluoro-substituted. According to yet a further aspect, A is 3,4-difluoro-substituted. According to yet a further aspect, A is 3,5-difluoro-substituted.
According to a further embodiment, A is trisubstituted phenyl containing exactly three independently selected substitutents L, wherein L is as defined or preferably defined herein. According to yet a further embodiment, A is phenyl which is substituted by exactly three F. According to one aspect, A is 2,3,4-trisubstituted, in particular 2,3,4-trifluoro-substituted. According to another aspect, A is 2,3,5-trisubstituted, in particular 2,3,5-trifluoro-substituted. According to still another aspect, A is 2,3,6-trisubstituted, in particular 2,3,6-trifluoro-substituted. According to still another aspect, A is 2,4,6-trisubstituted, in particular 2,4,6-trifluoro-substituted. According to still another aspect, A is 3,4,5-trisubstituted, in particular 3,4,5-trifluoro-substituted. According to still another aspect, A is 2,4,5-trisubstituted, in particular 2,4,5-trifluoro-substituted.
According to a preferred embodiment, B is phenyl, that is unsubstituted or phenyl which contains one, two, three or four independently selected substituents L, wherein L is as defined or preferably defined herein.
According to one embodiment of the invention, B is unsubstituted phenyl.
According to a further embodiment, B is phenyl which contains one, two, three or four independently selected substituents L, wherein L is as defined or preferably defined herein.
According to a further embodiment, B is phenyl which contains one, two or three, preferably one or two, independently selected substituents L, wherein L is as defined or preferably defined herein. According to a specific aspect, L is in each case independently selected from F, Cl, Br, methyl, methoxy and trifluoromethyl. According to still another embodiment, B is phenyl, which contains one, two or three, preferably, one or two, halogen substituents.
According to a further embodiment, B is phenyl which contains one, two, three or four substituents L, wherein L is independently selected from F, Cl, Br, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, difluoromethyl, difluorochloromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy and difluorochloromethyl. According to a specific aspect, L is in each case independently selected from F, Cl and Br.
According to still a further embodiment, B is unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl which contains one, two or three substituents independently selected from halogen, NO2, amino, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, C1-C4-dialkylamino, thio and C1-C4-alkylthio.
According to a further embodiment, B is a phenyl ring that is monosubstituted by one substituent L, where according to a special aspect of this embodiment, L is located in the ortho-position to the point of attachment of the phenyl ring to the oxirane ring. L is as defined or preferably defined herein. According to a further specific embodiment, B is monochloro-substituted phenyl, in particular 2-chlorophenyl.
According to a further embodiment, B is phenyl, which contains two or three, in particular two, independently selected substitutents L, wherein L is as defined or preferably defined herein.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, B is a phenyl ring which contains a substituent L in the ortho-position and furthermore has one further independently selected substituent L. According to one aspect, the phenyl ring is 2,3-disubstituted. According to a further aspect, the phenyl ring is 2,4-disubstituted. According to yet a further aspect, the phenyl ring is 2,5-disubstituted. According to yet a further aspect, the phenyl ring is 2,6-disubstituted.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, B is a phenyl ring which contains a substituent L in the ortho-position and furthermore contains two further independently selected substituents L. According to one aspect, the phenyl ring is 2,3,5-trisubstituted. According to a further aspect, the phenyl ring is 2,3,4-trisubstituted. According to yet a further aspect, the phenyl ring is 2,4,5-trisubstituted.
In a further embodiment, B is phenyl which contains one substituent L in the 2-position and one, two or three further independently selected substituents L. According to a preferred embodiment, B is a group B-1
in which # denotes the point of attachment of the phenyl ring to the oxirane ring; and
According to a preferred embodiment, L1 is F. According to another preferred embodiment, L1 is Cl. According to a further preferred embodiment, L′ is methyl. According to yet a further preferred embodiment, L1 is methoxy. According to yet a further preferred embodiment, L1 is CF3. According to yet a further preferred embodiment, L1 is OCF3 or OCHF2. According to a preferred embodiment, in the compounds of the formula I according to the invention, B is thus phenyl which contains a substituent selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, CH3, OCH3, CF3, CHF2, OCF3 and OCHF2 in the 2-position and one or two further independently selected substituents L.
According to a further preferred embodiment, L2 is F. According to another preferred embodiment L2 is Cl. According to a further preferred embodiment, L2 is methyl. According to yet a further preferred embodiment, L2 is methoxy. According to yet a further preferred embodiment, L2 is CF3. According to yet a further preferred embodiment, L2 is OCF3 or OCHF2.
According to a preferred embodiment, L3 is F. According to another preferred embodiment, L3 is Cl. According to a further preferred embodiment, L3 is methyl. According to yet a further preferred embodiment, L3 is methoxy. According to yet a further preferred embodiment, L3 is CF3. According to yet a further preferred embodiment, L3 is OCF3 or OCHF2.
According to a preferred embodiment, m=0; i.e. B is a disubstituted phenyl ring. According to a preferred aspect, B is a 2,3-disubstituted phenyl ring. According to a further preferred aspect, the phenyl ring B is 2,4-disubstituted. According to yet a further preferred aspect, the phenyl ring B is 2,5-disubstituted. According to yet a further preferred aspect, the phenyl ring is 2,6-disubstituted.
According to a further preferred embodiment, m=1; i.e. B is a trisubstituted phenyl ring. According to a preferred aspect, the phenyl ring B is 2,3,5-trisubstituted. According to another preferred further aspect, the phenyl ring B is 2,3,4-trisubstituted. According to yet a further preferred embodiment, the phenyl ring B is 2,4,5-trisubstituted.
Unless indicated otherwise, in group (1) L independently has the following preferred meanings:
According to one embodiment, L is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, nitro, cyanato (OCN), C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C3-C6-halocycloalkyl, S-A1, C(═O)A2, C(═S)A2, NASA; where A1, A2, A3, A4 are as defined below:
Furthermore preferably, L is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, NO2, amino, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, C1-C4-alkylamino, di-C1-C4-alkylamino, thio and C1-C4-alkylthio.
Furthermore preferably, L is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-haloalkoxy and C1-C4-haloalkylthio, in particular halogen, C1-C4-alkyl and C1-C4-haloalkyl.
According to a further preferred embodiment, L is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, CH3, C2H5, i-C3H7, t-C4H9, OCH3, OC2H5, CF3, CCl3, CHF2, CClF2, OCF3, OCHF2 and SCF3, in particular selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, CH3, C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, CF3, CHF2, OCF3, OCHF2 and SCF3. According to one aspect, L is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, CH3, OCH3, CF3, OCF3 and OCHF2. It may be preferred for L to be independently F or Cl.
According to one preferred embodiment, A and B are as defined as follows:
A phenyl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents L that may be the same or different, independently selected from F, Cl, Br, nitro, phenyl, phenoxy, methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, difluoromethyl, difluorochloromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy and trifluoromethylthio; and
B phenyl, that is substituted by one, two or three substituents L that may be the same or different, independently selected from F, Cl, Br, methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, difluoromethyl, difluorochloromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy and trifluoromethylthio.
Specific compounds I that can advantageously be synthesized according to the present invention are compounds (I)-(1), wherein A and B are defined as follows:
A is phenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 2,4-chlorophenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl, 4-bromophenyl, 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 4-tert-butyl-phenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl or 4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl and B is 2-chlorophenyl. One specific compound is the compound where A is 4-flourphenyl and B is 2-chlorophenyl.
A is 4-fluorophenyl and B is 2-difluoromethoxyphenyl.
A is phenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 2,4-chlorophenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl, 4-bromophenyl, 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 4-tert-butyl-phenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl or 4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl, and B is 2-fluorophenyl.
A is phenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 2,4-chlorophenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl, 4-bromophenyl, 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 4-tert-butyl-phenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl or 4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl, and B is 2-bromophenyl.
Further specific compounds I that can advantageously be synthesized according to the present invention are compounds (I)-(1), wherein A and B are defined as follows:
A is 2,4-difluorophenyl and B is 2-chlorophenyl.
A is 3,4-difluorophenyl and B is 2-chlorophenyl.
A is 2,4-difluorophenyl and B is 2-fluorophenyl.
A is 3,4-difluorophenyl and B is 2-fluorophenyl.
A is 2,4-difluorophenyl and B is 2-trifluoromethylphenyl.
A is 3,4-difluorophenyl and B is 2-trifluoromethylphenyl.
A is 3,4-difluorophenyl and B is 2-methylphenyl
Further specific compounds I that can advantageously be synthesized according to the present invention are compounds (I)-(1), wherein A and B are defined as follows:
A is phenyl and B is 2,4-dichlorophenyl.
A is phenyl and B is 2-fluoro-3-chlorophenyl.
A is phenyl and B is 2,3,4-trichlorophenyl.
A is 4-fluorophenyl and B is 2,4-dichlorophenyl.
A is 4-fluorophenyl and B is 2-fluoro-3-chlorophenyl.
A is 4-fluorophenyl and B is 2,3,4-trichlorophenyl.
A is 2-chlorophenyl and B is 2,4-dichlorophenyl.
A is 2-chlorophenyl and B is 2-fluoro-3-chlorophenyl.
A is 2-chlorophenyl and B is 2,3,4-trichlorophenyl.
The meanings described above of the variables A, B and L for compounds (I) apply, unless indicated otherwise, correspondingly to the precursors of, the compounds (I) and side product IA.
According to the inventive process, the pure enantiomers or a mixture of enantiomers (racemic or enantiomerically enriched) of compounds of formula (II) and/or (IIa) can be used. According to a preferred embodiment, the racemic mixture is used. Depending on the use of the respective compound of formula (II) and/or (IIa), it is possible to obtain compounds of formula (I) having a certain stereochemistry. For example, the following different stereoisomers of compounds (I)-(1) can be obtained using the inventive process:
compound (I)-(1)-al):
Formula (I)-(1), wherein A is 4-fluoro-phenyl and B is 2-chlorophenyl
With respect to the fungicidal activity of the end products, it may be preferred, if the “trans” diastereomers are synthesized in the inventive process.
One undesired side product in the synthesis of compounds (I)-(1) that may occur in undesired amounts with prior art processes and that can be reduced or even avoided using the new inventive process is the cyclizised hydroxy compound IA:
wherein A and B are as defined and preferably defined as for compounds (I)-(1). In conventional processes, for example using high temperature and/or strong bases, product IA may occur to up to 100%, leading, consequently, to very low yields of the desired product of formula I. According to the inventive process, side product IA is formed preferably to equal or less than 10%, more preferably equal or less than 8%, even more preferably equal or less than 5%.
Specifically, in the synthesis of compounds (I)-(1), wherein A and B are as defined in the following table A, the respective compounds IA-1 to IA-81 as individualized in table A, are undesired side products that are preferably reduced according to the inventive process.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, R stands for a group of formula (2):
wherein R″ and R22 have the following meanings:
R11 and R22, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a five- or six-membered saturated or partially unsaturated ring, that can be unsubstituted or substituted by one two three, four or five substituents L′, wherein L′ stands for L as defined above or stands for a group
wherein R33 and R44 independently are selected from the group of hydrogen and the meaning for L as defined above.
According to one embodiment, R11 and R12 are preferably independently selected from C1-C4-alkyl and phenyl, wherein the alkyl and phenyl group independently may contain one, two, three or four substitutents, independently selected from F, Cl, Br, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, C1-C2-alkoximino, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and/or cyclohexyl. Specifically, R11 stands for C1-C4-alkyl that is substituted by one or two substituents independently selected from F, Cl, methoxy, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl and/or cyclohexyl and R12 stands for phenyl, that is substituted by one, two, three or four substituents independently selected from F, Cl, Br and methoxy. In one specific embodiment, R11 is 1-ethyl that is 1-substituted by cyclopropyl and R12 is 4-Chlorophenyl.
According to another embodiment, R11 and R12 are preferably independently selected from C1-C4-alkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl and C3-C3-cycloalkyl, preferably phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl and C3-C6-cycloalkyl, wherein the alkyl, phenyl and cycloalkyl groups independently may contain one, two, three or four substitutents, independently selected from F, Cl, Br, CN, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl and/or tert-butyl. Specifically, R11 stands for phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl that is substituted in the phenyl moiety by one, two, three or four substituents independently selected from F, Cl and methoxy and R12 stands for C3-C6-cycloalkyl, that is substituted by one, two, three or four substituents independently selected from F, Cl, Br and methoxy. In one specific embodiment, R11 is 2-chlorophenylmethyl and R12 is 1-chlorocyclopropyl.
According to still another embodiment, R11 and R12 are preferably independently selected from C1-C4-alkyl and phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl, wherein the alkyl and phenyl groups may contain one, two, three or four substitutents, independently selected from F, Cl, Br, CN, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, methylthio, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, chlorodifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, chlorodifluoromethylthio, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxyvarbonyl, methoxyiminomethyl, 1-methoximinoethyl and nitro. Specifically, R11 stands for C1-C4-alkyl that may be substituted by one or two substituents, independently selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl and tert-butyl and R12 stands for phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl, that is substituted in the phenyl moiety by one, two, three or four substituents independently selected from F, Cl, Br, CN, methyl, trifluoromethyl and methoxy. In one specific embodiment R11 is tert-butyl and R12 is 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-ethyl.
According to still another embodiment, preferably R11 and R22, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a five- or six-membered saturated ring, that can be unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents L′. wherein L′ stands for L as defined above or stands for a group
wherein R33 and R44 independently are selected from the group of hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl and phenyl, wherein the alkyl and phenyl groups may contain one, two, three or four substitutents, independently selected from F, Cl, Br, CN, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, methylthio, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, chlorodifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy and nitro. Specifically, R11 and R22, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a five-membered saturated ring, that is substituted by one, two or three substituents L′, wherein L′ stands for C1-C4-alkyl or for a group
wherein R33 and R44 independently are selected from the group of hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl and phenyl, wherein the alkyl and phenyl groups may contain one, two, three or four substitutents, independently selected from F, Cl, CN, methyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl and methoxy. In one specific embodiment R″ and R22, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a five-membered saturated ring. that is substituted in 5-position by two methyl groups and contains a group
wherein R33 is hydrogen and R44 is 4-chlorophenyl in 2-position.
According to still another embodiment, R11 and R22, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a five- or six-membered saturated ring, that can be un-substituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents, independently selected from F, Cl, Br, CN, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, methylthio, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, chlorodifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, nitro, benzyl, wherein the phenyl moiety itself may contain on, two, three or four substituents, independently selected from F, Cl, CN, methyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl and methoxy. In one specific embodiment R11 and R22, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a five-membered saturated ring, that is substituted in 5-position by two methyl groups and contains a 4-chlorobenzyl group in 2-position. Regarding compounds (I)-(2) and the synthesis of precursors thereof see also WO 96/16048 and WO 96/38423.
Consequently, according to a further embodiment, the inventive process is carried out using hydrazine compounds (II)-(2) and/or (IIa)-(2) as starting compounds:
Compounds (II)-(2) can be obtained using a compound of formula (III)-(2) (R in formula (III) herein means a group (2), see above. Another way to obtain compounds (II)-(2) and (IIa)-(2) is to react an epoxide (VI)-(2) with hydrazine or hydrazine and the respective acid (H+)mYm− such as HCl. Instead of hydrazine also hydrazine hydrate can be used (see above). Thereby, the epoxide ring is opened and the hydroxy group is formed:
The reaction conditions that can be used are similar to those described in WO 00/146158.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the step for synthesizing the hydrazine derivative (II), wherein R stands for a group (2), from an epoxide (VI)-(2) is carried out before the inventive process for cyclization of said hydrazine derivative to the target thio-triazolo compound (I)-(2). According to another embodiment of the present invention, R stands for a group of formula (3):
wherein R55, R66 and R77 have the following meanings:
R55 phenyl-C1-C8-alkyl, phenyl or a five- or six-membered saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic heterocycle which contains one, two, three or four heteroatoms from the group consisting of O, N and S; where the aliphatic and/or aromatic and/or heterocyclic groups for their part may carry one, two, three or four identical or different groups selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, C1-C8-alkyl, C1-C8-haloalkyl, C1-C8-alkoxy, C1-C8-haloalkoxy, C3-C8-cycloalkyl, C3-C8-halocycloalkyl, C3-C8-cycloalkenyl, C3-C8-cycloalkoxy, C3-C8-halocycloalkoxy, C1-C8-alkylcarbonyl, C1-C8-alkylcarbonyloxy, C1-C8-alkoxycarbonyl, amino, C1-C8-alkylamino, di-C1-C8-alkylamino, phenyl, halophenyl, phenyloxy, halophenyloxy;
According to one embodiment, R55 is phenyl, that is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two, three or four substituents independently selected from halogen, C1-C8-alkyl, C1-C8-haloalkyl, phenoxy-C1-C8-alkyl and halophenyloxy, and R66 and R77 are independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl and n-butyl. Specifically,
R55 is phenyl, that contains one, two or three substituents independently selected from F, Cl and halophenoxy, wherein the phenoxy moiety contains one or two halogen atoms selected from Cl and F; and R66 is hydrogen and R77 is C1-C4-alkyl. In one specific embodiment R55 is 4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-chlorophenyl, R66 is hydrogen and R77 is methyl.
Regarding compounds (I)-(3) and the synthesis of precursors thereof see also WO 96/41804.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, R stands for a group of formula (4):
wherein R222, R333 and R444 have the following meanings:
R222 and R333 are independently selected from hydrogen, cyano, C1-C8-alkyl and C1-C6-haloalkyl, wherein the alkyl moieties may be unsubstituted or substituted by one, two, three or four substituents L as defined or preferably defined above for compounds, wherein R is a group (1). In particular, R222 and R333 are independently selected from hydrogen, cyano and C1-C4-alkyl, wherein the alkyl moiety may contain one, two, three or four substituents independently selected from F, Cl, CN, C1-C4-alkoxy and C1-C4-haloalkoxy. q is one, two three or five, preferably one or two, and R444 are independently selected from L as defined or preferably defined above for compounds, wherein R is a group (1), in particular independently selected from F, Cl, CN, methyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl and methoxy, more specifically independently selected from Cl and F. According to one specific embodiment, R222, is hydrogen, R333 is methyl, substituted by 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy, and R444 is 2,4-dichlorophenyl. According to another specific embodiment, R222 is cyano, R333 is n-butyl and R444 is 4-chlorophenyl. According to still another specific embodiment, R222 is hydrogen, R333 is n-propyl and R444 is 2,4-dichlorophenyl. Regarding compounds (I)-(4) and the synthesis of precursors thereof see also DE19528300, DE19529089.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, R stands for a group of formula (5):
wherein # shall mean the point of attachment to the triazolo group and Q1, Q2, R555, R666, R777 and R588 are as defined as follows:
Q1 O or a single bond to R555; in particular a single bond to R555;
wherein Rz in each case is unsubstituted or contains one, two or three substituents, independently selected from L1; Rz is in particular selected from halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, C3-C8-cycloalkyl and C3-C6-halocycloalkyl;
For compounds (I)-(5) and their precursors (in particular wherein the triazole group does not contain SH or a derivatized sulfur group) and the preparation of the same, see WO2010/029001, WO2010/029002, WO 2010/029000, WO 2010/029003, WO2010/031721, WO 2010/031847, WO 2010/031848, PCT/EP 2009/062122 and/or PCT/EP2009/062909.
According to the inventive process, the thio-triazolo-cycle is built up starting from a substituted hydrazine (II) and/or a salt (IIa) thereof
According to one embodiment of the inventive process, only the free hydrazine compound (II) is used as starting material. According to another embodiment of the inventive process, a salt (IIa) is used. According to still another embodiment of the invention, a mixture of the free hydrazine (II) and a salt (IIa) is used.
In formula (IIa), a proton (H+) is connected to a nitrogen atom of the hydrazine group, Ym− is a counter anion of an organic acid or an inorganic acid and m is 1, 2 or 3. In the salt (IIa) the proton can be attached via either of the two nitrogen atoms. According to the inventive process, either one of the possible salt or a mixture of both can be used as starting compound in the inventive process:
As suitable salts of the hydrazine derivative any salt formed with an inorganic or organic acid can be used as starting compound. Thus, Ym− stands for the counter anion of the respective inorganic or organic acid, wherein “m” indicates the valency, i.e. 1, 2 or 3, depending on the kind of acid that is present as salt-forming acid. In principle, if the acid used has more than one proton, one or more protons can participate in forming the salt.
Examples of inorganic acids are hydrohalic acids, such as hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide, carbonic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, phosphonic acid, nitric acid, potassium hydrogen sulfate, sodium hydrogen sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate. It may be preferred according to the present invention, to use hydrogen chloride, phosphoric acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate or sodium hydrogen phosphate.
Suitable organic acids are, for example, alkanoic acids, such as for example acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid and propionic acid, and also glycolic acid, thiocyanic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid and other arylcarboxylic acids, cinnamic acid, oxalic acid, alkylsulfonic acids (sulfonic acids having straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals of 1 to 20 carbon atoms), arylsulfonic acids or aryldisulfonic acids (aromatic radicals, such as phenyl and naphthyl, which carry one or two sulfonic acid groups), alkylphosphonic acids (phosphonic acids having straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals of 1 to 20 carbon atoms), arylphosphonic acids or aryldiphosphonic acids (aromatic radicals, such as phenyl and naphthyl, which carry one or two phosphoric acid radicals), where the alkyl or aryl radicals may carry further substituents, for example p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid, p-aminosalicylic acid, 2-phenoxybenzoic acid, 2-acetoxybenzoic acid etc. It may be preferred to use oxalic acid (H2(CO2)2) in the inventive process.
The hydrazine derivative used in the inventive process can be synthesized from a compound of formula (III)
using hydrazine NH2NH2. Hydrazine may be used as free hydrazine (anhydrous), as hydrazine hydrate or hydrazine salt. Suitable hydrazine salts are for example monohydro chloric hydrazine or dihydrochloric hydrazine. When using hydrazine as a salt, it may be preferred to add a suitable base, which can be generally chosen by the skilled artisan, for example pyridine, triethylamine, potassium carbonate. X is a leaving group and R is as defined or preferably defined as for compounds (I) and/or (II). Possible leaving groups are for example halogen (e.g. Cl or Br) or OSO2R′, wherein R′ is C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-haloalkyl, aryl or substituted aryl. In particular, OSO2R′ stands for a mesylate-, triflate-, phenyl- or toluenesulfonate group.
The reaction conditions for preparing the hydrazine derivative are as generally used for such kind of substitution reactions. Possible diluents are for example all customary inert organic solvents. For examples alcohols such as methanol, ethanol or n-butanol can be used. Furthermore, ethers such as dioxane or methyl-tert-butylether can be used. Other suitable solvents are for example aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylol. Also any mixture of said solvents can be used. It is also possible to carry out the reaction without the addition of a separate diluting agent. In this case, hydrazine hydrate is used in excess being reactant and diluent at the same time.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the step for synthesizing the hydrazine derivative is carried out before the inventive process for cyclization of said hydrazine derivative to the target thio-triazolo group containing compound (I).
Temperatures that are suitable for synthesizing the hydrazine derivative can vary within a wide range. It may be preferred if the reaction mixture is held under reflux for a certain period of time. In general, temperatures of 40° C. to 130° C., in particular 60° C. to 90° C. are used.
In general, in the reaction for synthesizing the hydrazine derivative, for 1 mole of the reactant (III) 1 to 20 mole, in particular 5 to 10 mole, more specifically 2 to 8 moles of the hydrazine (or hydrazine hydrate or hydrazine salt) is used.
Generally, the reaction mixture comprising the desired hydrazine derivative can be worked up using well-known processes. In general, the obtained crude product can be used in the inventive process and there is no need to further purify the hydrazine derivative for this purpose.
As explained above, in the inventive process, also a salt (IIa) can be used as starting material. The salt can be prepared from a compound of formula (II) by reacting the same with the respective inorganic or organic acid. In case the chloride is to be synthesized, either aqueous HCl or HCl as a gas can be used. Any organic solvent that is suitable for this kind of reaction can be used as diluting agents. Examples are aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylol; ethers such as dioxane or methyl-tert-butylether. In general, the reaction can be carried out at ambient temperature, i.e. between 20 and 25° C. However, it may be advantageous in some cases to work at lower or higher temperatures.
In general, the hydrazine derivative (II) is dissolved in a suitable solvent and then the respective acid is added in an equimolar amount or in excess. The isolation of the product can be carried out according to processes well-known to the skilled person.
Some of the compounds of formula (IIa) are novel and are also an object of the present invention. In particular, the present invention also encompasses compounds of formula (IIa), wherein R stands for a group (1) as defined above (compounds (IIa)-(1)).
wherein A, B, Y and m are as defined as for compounds of formula (I) and (IIa), respectively. Thereby, also the preferred and specific embodiments for (1) (variables A and B) and (IIa) (variables Y and m) are analoguously preferred for compounds of formula (IIa)
The novel compounds according to the invention contain chiral centers and are generally obtained in the form of racemates or as diastereomer mixtures of erythro and threo forms. The erythro and threo diastereomers of the compounds according to the invention can be separated and isolated in pure form, for example, on the basis of their different solubilities or by column chromatography. Using known methods, such uniform pairs of diastereomers can be used to obtain uniform enantiomers.
Accordingly, the invention provides both the pure enantiomers or diastereomers and mixtures thereof. This applies to the compounds according to the invention The scope of the present invention includes in particular the (R) and (S) isomers and the racemates of the compounds according to the invention, which have centers of chirality. Suitable compounds according to the invention also include all possible stereoisomers (cis/trans isomers) and mixtures thereof.
The compounds according to the invention may be present in various crystal modifications. They are likewise provided by the present invention.
In particular with a view to their use, preference is given to the compounds (IIa)-(1) according to the invention compiled in tables 1b to 137b below. The groups mentioned for a substituent in the tables are furthermore per se, independently of the combination in which they are mentioned, a particularly preferred aspect of the substituent in question.
Ym-corresponds in each case to one row of table B (Compounds (IIa)-(1).65bB-1 to (IIa)-(1).65bB-440)
Ym− corresponds in each case to one row of table B (Compounds (IIa)-(1).66bB-1 to (IIa)-(1).66bB-440)
Ym− corresponds in each case to one row of table B (Compounds (IIa)-(1).74bB-1 to (IIa)-(1).74bB-440)
Ym− corresponds in each case to one row of table B (Compounds (IIa)-(1).77bB-1 to (IIa)-(1).77bB-440)
Ym− corresponds in each case to one row of table B (Compounds (IIa)-(1).82bB-1 to (IIa)-(1).82bB-440)
B and Ym− corresponds in each case to one row of table B (Compounds (IIa)-(1).98bB-1 to (IIa)-(1).98bB-440)
According to the inventive process, the hydrazine derivative (II) and/or a salt (IIa) thereof, as defined above, is reacted with a thiocyanate Mn4(SCN)n (IV) and an orthoformic ester HC(OR5)(OR6)(OR7) (V),
According to one inventive embodiment of the process, variable Mn+ in the thiocyanate Mn+(SCN)n (IV) stands for an alkali metal cation (thus, n=1), an alkaline earth metal cation (for example Ca or Mg; thus, n=2), Ag+ (n=1), Cu2+ (n=2), Co2+ (n=2), Cd2+ (n=2) or Fe3+ (n=3). In one embodiment, Mn+ stands for an alkali metal cation (n=1). An “alkali metal cation” means in particular Na+ or K. Thus, preferred thiocyanates are NaSCN and KSCN.
n is 1, 2 or 3, depending on the meaning of M.
According to another inventive embodiment of the process, variable Mn+ in the thiocyanate Mn+(SCN)n (IV) stands for ammonium or alkylammonium [NR1R2R3R4]+, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently from each other in [NR1R2R3R4]+ stand for hydrogen or (C1-C10) alkyl. According to one specific embodiment of the invention, the thiocyanate used is NH4SCN. According to another specific embodiment of the invention, R1, R2, R3, R4 independently stand for (C1-C10)alkyl, in particular (C1-C6)alkyl, more particularly (C1-C4)alkyl. According to one specific aspect, R1, R2, R3, R4 have the same meaning and stand for (C1-C10)alkyl, in particular (C1-C6)alkyl, more particularly (C1-C4)alkyl. Specific examples for such thiocyanates (IV) are N(CH3)4SCN and N(C2H5)4SCN.
Thiocyanates Mn+(SCN)n (IV) are well known in the art and are commercially available.
The use of an orthoformic ester HC(OR5)(OR6)(OR7) is characteristic for the inventive process. R5, R6, R7 are independently from each other selected from C1-C8-alkyl, C2-C8-alkenyl and C2-C8-alkinyl, preferably selected from C1-C8-alkyl. According to one embodiment, R5, R6 and R7 are the same (in the following named HC(OR5)3) and selected from C1-C8-alkyl, C2-C3-alkenyl and C2-C8-alkinyl, preferably selected from C1-C8-alkyl, more particularly selected from C1-C4-alkyl. Specific meanings for R5, R6, and R7, which can be the same or different from each other, are methyl and ethyl. It may be preferred according to the present invention to use orthoformic triethyl ester or orthoformic trimethyl ester, in particular since they are easily available and cheap.
The preparation of orthoformic esters HC(OR5)(OR6)(OR7) and, particularly HC(OR5)3 is well-known to the skilled person, some of them are commercially available.
According to the inventive process the reactants can be added in any order to the reaction flask or vessel. According to one embodiment, the hydrazine (II) and/or salt (IIa) is added first. Then the thiocyanate and the orthoformic ester can be added together or subsequently. If added subsequently, either the thiocyanate or the orthoformic ester can be added first. According to another embodiment of the invention, the thiocyanate is first added to the reaction mixture comprising the hydrazine derivative, then the orthoformic ester is added. According to still another embodiment, the thiocyanate and the orthoformic ester are added to the hydrazine derivative at the same time, either together or separately, preferably separately.
According to the inventive process for preparing compounds of formula I from hydrazine derivatives of formula (II) and/or (IIa), the reaction is carried out without the addition of formic acid as reactant.
As diluting agent for the inventive process any organic solvents, in particular polar or non-polar organic solvents. Preferably, a polar organic solvent is used, in particular a polar protic solvent. It may be preferred if organic carbonic acids are used such as for example acetic acid. In one specific embodiment, glacial acetic acid is used.
In general, the inventive process can be carried out within a certain temperature range. In particular it may be preferred if temperatures of 20° C. to 80° C., in particular 20° C. to 60° C., more particularly 20° C. to 55° C. are used. Furthermore, it may be preferred if temperatures of 25° C. to 75° C., in particular 25° C. to 65° C., more particularly 30° C. to 55° C. are used.
It may be preferred in the inventive process, if 1 to 5 moles of the orthoformic ester HC(OR5)(OR6)(OR7) are used compared to the hydrazine starting compound (II) and/or (IIa), preferably, 1 to 2 moles of the orthoformic ester are used.
Furthermore, it may be preferred in the inventive process, if 1 to 5 moles of the thiocyanate (IV) are used for one mol hydrazine starting compound (II) and/or (IIa), preferably, 1 to 2 moles of the thiocyanate (IV) are used.
One advantage of the inventive process is that the cyclization reaction to the thiotriazolo compound can be carried out in a one-pot reaction. Furthermore, if desired, the reaction can be carried out at temperatures that are comparably low (40° C. to 60° C.) and the reaction times are comparably short. The process is thus very economic.
In order to obtain compounds of formula (I) that contain a derivatized sulfur group, the compounds of formula (I) can be further reacted according to processes known in the art. Such compounds are also useful for combating phytopathogenic fungi.
For example, by further reaction of compounds (I) with R8—X, where R8 is as defined below and X is a leaving group such as, for example, halogen, such as Cl, Br or I, or trifluoro-C1-C6-alkylsulfonate, it is possible to prepare various compounds of the formula (I) carrying a S—R′ group instead of “S—H”. To prepare compounds containing a group SR8 where R8 is C1-C8-alkyl, preferably is C1-C4-alkyl, in particular methyl or ethyl, a compound (I) is reacted with the corresponding alkyl halide (see also WO 96/38440).
Further, the following S-residues can be formed from the respective SH-derivative of formula (I):
S—R8, where
S-DII, wherein DII is
SM1, where M1 is as defined below:
in which
Compounds of the formula I which contain a group S—C(═O)NA3A4 can be synthesized analogously to the process described in WO 99/21853.
Compounds of the formula I which contain a group DII can be synthesized analogously to the process described in WO 99/05149.
Compounds of the formula I which contain a group S—SO2R10 can be synthesized analogously to the process described in WO 97/44332.
Compounds of the formula I which contain a group S—CN can be synthesized analogously to the process described in WO 99/44331.
Compounds of the formula I which contain a group DI can be synthesized analogously to the process described in WO 97/43269.
Compounds of the formula I which contain a group S—C(═O)R9 where R9═C1-C8-alkyl, C1-C8-haloalkyl, C1-C8-alkoxy or C1-C8-haloalkoxy can be synthesized analogously to the process described in WO 97/42178.
Compounds of the formula I which contain a group SM1 can be synthesized analogously to the process described in WO 97/41107.
According to one aspect of the present invention, one of the steps for derivatizing the sulfur in the triazole ring as detailed above is carried out following the process of the present invention. According to one specific aspect, following the synthesis of compounds (I)-(1) according to the process of the present invention, one of the steps for derivatizing the sulfur in the triazole ring is carried out. This represents a very useful approach for the synthesis of further fungicidal compounds, in particular where SH is derivatized into SR8, R8 being C1-C8-alkyl, in particular C1-C4-alkyl, C2-C8-alkenyl or CN.
The following examples further illustrate the present invention and do not restrict the invention in any manner.
To a solution of methanesulfonic acid-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-oxiranylmethyl ester (20.0 g, 53.4 mmol) in isopropanol (40 ml) hydrazinhydrate (25.89 ml, 533.6 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1.5 hours under reflux. After the reaction mixture had cooled down to room temperature, water and MTBE were added, the organic layer was separated and washed with water. The organic phase was dried, concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was taken up in acetic acid (200 ml). Sodium thiocyanate (4.54 g, 56.0 mmol) was added and then, the reaction mixture was warmed up to 40° C. and triethylorthoformiate (8.30 g, 56.0 mmol) was added dropwise. After completion of the reaction the mixture was poured onto ice water (1000 ml). The resulting residue was filtered off. The resulting solid was taken up with ethyl acetate and dried with sodium sulfate. After removal of the solvent under reduced pressure the title compound was obtained in form of a beige solid in a purity of 80% (18.0 g, 71%).
To a solution of hydrazine hydrate (25.04 g, 0.50 mol) in acetonitrile (5 ml) was added a solution of methanesulfonic acid 3-(2-chloro-phenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-oxiranylmethyl ester (37.5 g, 0.10 mol) in toluene (150 ml). The mixture was heated to 85° C. while being intensively stirred for 30 h, after which time the starting material was completely consumed. The mixture was then cooled to ambient temperature before being washed with water (3×150 ml). The organic phase was separated, dried over Na2SO4 and used in the next step without purification. The solution obtained above was diluted with toluene (200 ml) and treated dropwise with H3PO4 (17.29 g, 0.15 mol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred overnight, during which time a precipitate formed. The solid was filtered off, washed with toluene then heptane and dried, affording the target product as brownish solid (31.0 g, 76%). 1H-NMR (360 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ7.602-7.11 (m, 7H), 5.40 (br s, 4H), 4.20 (s, 1H), 3.20 (d, 1H), 2.59 (d, 1H).
[3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-oxiranylmethyl]-hydrazinium phosphate (10.2 g, 2.5 mmol) and NaSCN (0.22 g, 2.75 mmol) were dissolved in glacial acetic acid (15 ml) and heated to 60° C. At this temperature, HC(OEt)3 (0.78 g, 5.25 mmol) was added dropwise while stirring. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was poured in water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×50 ml). The combined organic phases were washed with brine and dried. The solid obtained after removal of the sol-vent in vacuo proved to be the target product in 80% purity (1.00 g, 84%).
To a solution of Methanesulfonic acid 2-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)-3-o-tolyl-oxiranylmethyl ester (7.50 g, 19.1 mmol) in isopropanol (20 ml) was added hydrazine hydrate (11.55 ml, 190.5 mmol). The mixture was heated to reflux and stirred for 1.5 hours. After this time, the reaction mixture was partitioned between MTBE and water and the organic phase washed with water and dried (Na2SO4). The residue obtained after removal of the solvent was dissolved in glacial acetic acid (70 ml) and treated with NaSCN (1.70 g, 21.0 mmol) and triethylorthoformat HC(OEt)3 (3,105 g, 20.95 mmol) at 50° C. Subsequently, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and stirring was continued for 2 h, after which time the starting material was completely consumed. The mixture was then poured in ice water and the precipitate was filtered off. The solid thus obtained was purified with column chromatography (silica, ethyl acetate/hexanes). Collection of the appropriate fractions afforded the target compounds as yellowish solid (1.80 g, 25%). 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): (11.75 (br s, 1H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 7.71-7-06 (m, 7H), 5.03 (d, 1H), 3.99 (s, 1H), 3.71 (d, 1H), 2.38 (s, 3H).
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 09179983.3 | Dec 2009 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP10/69534 | 12/13/2010 | WO | 00 | 6/11/2012 |
