This application is a national stage entry of PCT/EP2019/058485 filed Apr. 4, 2019, which claims priority benefit to CH 00457/18 filed Apr. 10, 2018, each of which is expressly incorporated herein in its entirety.
This invention concerns both the renovation, repair, reinforcement and the new construction of corrugated sheet metal tunnels, as such tunnels are mainly used for underpasses.
Bridges and passages for roads and waterways are necessary components of the road and waterway network. The maintenance of corrugated tunnels is a special technical challenge. Bendable, elastically embedded pipes made of corrugated sheet metal or corrugated steel pipes offer a construction system that proves to be ideal for numerous problems. Corrugated sheet metal tunnels were first used in the 1950s and offer a number of advantages:
Corrugated steel structures are assembled on site from corrugated and curved steel plates, which have a plate thickness of 2.50 mm to 8 mm, using screw connections. Alternatively, the corrugated sheets can also be helically rolled with a steep thread pitch and then joined along their edges to form a pipe. Common shapes are circular profiles in cross section, mouth profiles of different height/width ratios, ellipses, circular and basket arcs. This corrugated sheet metal construction is then covered with gravel and then soil, for example as part of an embankment. Optimized corrugations are available for the corresponding application. Well-known applications are culverts for paths and watercourses, for example to cross elevations or dams, which are often used as road or railroad lines. In France alone, for example, there are 1073 such corrugated sheet metal tunnels under national surveillance, and 3000 to 4000 under surveillance by the individual departments.
In connection with completing construction elements such as steel walls, bends, supports, entrances, etc., it is also possible to construct economical piping of any length, rain retention and backwater channels, pipe collecting channels, escape tunnels or drainage tunnels in landfills in this way. The range of standard cross-sections is tailored to the various application conditions.
Most of these corrugated sheet metal tunnels have a diameter of between 1.5 m and 2.5 m, although larger diameters are also possible. In addition to the standard cross-sections, a large number of special profiles can be designed by changing the radii and opening angles in order to optimally adapt them to the application. The bends can thus be used to bridge existing railroad tracks or pipeline routes. The securing and renovation of old arched bridges and culverts during ongoing traffic using prefabricated steel elements has also proven its worth. Here, too, the profile can be optimally adapted to the cross-section of the vault.
In addition to the applications described above in road and bridge construction, corrugated sheet metal structures are also used in industry and agriculture. For example, the prefabricated steel parts are used to build gravel extraction tunnels, where heap heights of up to 25 m are possible, as well as silos, which are used for the storage of sand, gravel, crushed stone and similar materials. Discharge tunnels can include individual design details such as hopper inlets, change of inclination, pump sump, fastening for cables and similar. The tunnels can easily be dismantled after years of use and moved to another extraction site. Silos that require a simple foundation on ring foundations are constructed up to 12 m high and 16 m in diameter. Slurry tanks made of prefabricated corrugated sheet metal parts for farms are circular tanks that stand on a reinforced concrete slab, provided with a secure joint seal and special corrosion protection. These tanks are also suitable as service water tanks in industry.
Aged underpasses or other structures made of corrugated sheets may nevertheless show damage, be it due to the aging of the corrugated sheet, its corrosion, or be it due to the excessive mountain pressure or the high permanently acting load, or due to a temporary overload, or due to the abrasive effect of water flowing rapidly and permanently past the corrugated sheet elements in the case of a water channel made of such corrugated sheets. Further damage can occur as a result of natural subsidence of the terrain. In extreme cases, the tunnel profile may buckle, so that such a corrugated sheet metal tunnel is no longer accessible or drivable for safety reasons and must be closed. From the state of the art basic procedures for the renovation of corrugated iron tunnels are known. For example, D1: XP055605530 Management of Corrugated Steel Buried Structures as the next document on the state of the art shows a procedure in which the corrugated sheet metal is first cleaned, then anchoring elements are welded, screwed, riveted, glued or shot into the corrugated sheet metal. Then a layer of shotcrete is applied and roughly smoothed. One or more reinforcement nets of structural steel are inserted into this layer and then sprayed with shotcrete. Also D2: XP 055605503 Buses métalliques: Guide pour la surveillance spécialisée, l'entretien et la réparation by N. Bertolini et al., a method according to which reinforcing nets of mild steel are placed inside corrugated sheet metal tunnels and then covered with shotcrete. D3: XP055605556 La réparation des buses métalliques by Jean-Michel Morel also shows such a process. Similar processes can be seen in D4: CN 104 213 515 B, in D5: US 2009/214297 A and D7: U.S. Pat. No. 4,390,306 A, but none of them reveals the use of absolutely stainless and highly tensile reinforcing nets. Rather, conventional reinforcement nets made of structural steel are used, which, however, are excessively exposed to corrosion, especially in the case of water-bearing corrugated metal tunnels, and consequently a renovated corrugated metal tunnel will soon be in need of renovation again.
The task of the present invention is, in view of these facts, to specify a method for the efficient, rapid and inexpensive and sustainable rehabilitation, repair or reinforcement of such corrugated sheet metal tunnels, but also a method for the new construction of a corrugated sheet metal tunnel, whereby a longer service life of the structure, an increase in the load-bearing capacity or both should be ensured at low costs.
This task is solved by a procedure for the renovation, repair, reinforcement, protection or new construction of corrugated sheet metal tunnels, in which the inner or outer sides of the corrugated sheets are cleaned, then anchoring elements are welded, screwed or riveted onto the cleaned side of the corrugated sheets, are glued or shot in and a layer of shotcrete is applied to this cleaned side of the corrugated sheets until an externally smooth or coarsely smooth coating is obtained, and which is characterized in that one or more reinforcement nets in the form of carbon fiber nets with a mesh width of 15 mm to 20 mm are applied to this layer or and covering this or these reinforcement net(s) with a second layer of shotcrete or wet and/or dry sprayed mortar.
On the basis of the drawings, the initial state of a corrugated sheet metal tunnel to be rehabilitated is shown and then the procedure for its rehabilitation is described and the function of the individual work steps is explained.
It shows:
First,
To understand the structure of such a corrugated metal underpass, a schematic cross-section through a corrugated metal tunnel is shown in
Over time, such a tunnel can be damaged. Excessive loading can deform the corrugated sheet profile 7 or, in the worst case, even cause it to collapse or collapse.
To renovate a corrugated sheet metal tunnel, the corrugated sheet metal 6 to be reinforced is first sandblasted to clean it and remove any corrosion residues and also to make its surface rough. Then, as shown in
As
The reinforcement layer applied to the inside of a corrugated sheet metal tunnel as shown here considerably strengthens the corrugated sheet metal profile of a corrugated sheet metal tunnel. In the same way, a corrugated sheet metal profile can also be reinforced on its outside, during the construction of the corrugated sheet metal tunnel, if the corrugated sheet metal profile has not yet been filled in.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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00457/18 | Apr 2018 | CH | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/EP2019/058485 | 4/4/2019 | WO |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
WO2019/197265 | 10/17/2019 | WO | A |
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
2096850 | Forsberg | Oct 1937 | A |
3545213 | Hofbauer | Dec 1970 | A |
4260297 | Houston | Apr 1981 | A |
4390306 | Fisher | Jun 1983 | A |
5833394 | McCavour | Nov 1998 | A |
6193439 | Wolfseher | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6761504 | Brandenberger | Jul 2004 | B1 |
8220220 | Kim | Jul 2012 | B2 |
20090214297 | Wilson | Aug 2009 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
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104213515 | Dec 2014 | CN |
104895581 | Mar 2017 | CN |
1245547 | Oct 2002 | EP |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20210032990 A1 | Feb 2021 | US |