Method for selective draining of liquid from an oil well pipe string

Abstract

An improved dump valve assembly (22) is provided for use as a part of an elongated, sectionalized, tubular downhole pipe string (18). The assembly (22) includes a tubular pipe section (24) having endmost threading (34, 38) and a rupture disc fitting (26); the fitting (26) includes a metallic, preferably concavo-convex disc (50) with performed lines of weakness (52, 54) on one face thereof. The section (24) is interconnected between a pair of lower pipe sections (20a, 20b). In operation when it is desired to elevate the string (18) from the well, the fluid within the string (18) is pressurized sufficiently to rupture the disc (50), thereby allowing fluid within the string (18) to drain. The string (18) and other well components can then be removed from the well without contamination owing to spillage from the tubular string (18).

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention is broadly concerned with a reliable dump valve assembly to be used as a part of a downhole pipe string employed in oil wells or the like, in order to permit selective draining of pumping fluid from the pipe string prior to elevation thereof to the surface, thereby eliminating or minimizing environmental contamination caused by fluid drainage from the pipe string. More particularly, the invention is concerned with such a dump valve assembly which preferably makes use of a metallic, frangible, concavo-convex rupture disc which is configured for reliably bursting at a predetermined internal fluid pressure.

2. Description of the Prior Art

Conventional oil or gas wells include an annular, cementitious elongated casing extending from grade down to the recoverable oil supply. An elongated, tubular, multiple-section pipe string is positioned within the casing and in turn houses and/or is attached to an artificial lift system.

It is necessary from time to time to extract the artificial lift system or their components for servicing thereof. This involves elevating the pipe string and/or sucker rod assembly, and detaching these parts section by section. However, owing to the fact that the pipe string is filled with pumping fluid, it sometimes occurs that this fluid is simply drained at grade during the dismantling process; this is objectionable because of the environmental pollution it causes.

It has been known in the past to provide dump valve units associated with downhole pipe strings which can be remotely actuated so as to drain the pipe string prior to and during the extraction process. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,286,662 describes a tubing drain fitted into the sidewall of a short pipe section coupler which has a blowout piston retained in place by a shear pin. A similar device has been commercialized under the designation “Series 500 Tubing Drain” by Quinn's Oilfield Supply Ltd. of Red Deer, Alberta.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides an improved dump valve assembly adapted for interconnection between a pair of elongated downhole pipe sections forming a part of a downhole pipe string, with the dump valve assembly permitting selective drainage of fluid from the string. The assembly of the invention is relatively inexpensive and affords reliable drainage of a pipe string through the simple expedient of pressurizing the column of pumping fluid within the string to a predetermined pressure (e.g., 2000 psi).

Broadly speaking the dump valve assembly of the invention is operable for interconnecting a pair of string pipe sections in an end-to-end relationship and includes an elongated, tubular pipe section connection body presenting opposed ends in a sidewall; the ends have structure for interconnecting the pair of pipe sections, whereas the sidewall has opposed inner and outer surfaces and is configured to present an opening therethrough. A fitting is located within the sidewall opening and includes a metallic, frangible, shape-retaining rupture disc oriented for normally preventing fluid flow through the sidewall opening. The rupture disc has at least one line of weakness formed therein for reliable rupture thereof upon pressurization of the fluid within the pipe string in order to permit drainage thereof. Preferably, the rupture disc is of concavo-convex configuration and is oriented with the concave face thereof proximal to the inner face of the connection body sidewall; the lines of weakness may be formed by grinding or other ablation processes, but preferably are formed by scoring.

The fitting is normally in the form of an annular metallic housing presenting inboard and outboard surfaces and is adapted for receipt within the sidewall opening, with the rupture disc being fixedly secured to the housing (preferably by permanent welding). The sidewall opening and outboard surface of the housing are complementally threaded for threaded mounting of the housing within the sidewall. Accordingly, it is a simple matter to replace the fitting after each use of the dump valve assembly. The housing also normally includes structure for retaining the disc upon rupture thereof, although in preferred forms the disc is provided with lines of weakness arranged so as to eliminate or minimize the possibility of disc fragmentation upon rupture thereof.

Preferred rupture discs in accordance with the invention includes a pair of intersecting, transverse score lines on the convex face thereof. The disc should normally have a thickness of from about 0.003-0.090 inches, and more preferably from about 0.010-0.040 inches. The score lines should have a depth of from about 0.001-0.060 inches. The disc should moreover be formed from a metal having appropriate characteristics to withstand several downhole conditions, such as stainless steel, nickel or Inconel.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic, fragmentary view in partial vertical section illustrating typical downhole well components including an outermost casing, an elongated, tubular, multiple section pipe string, a sucker rod assembly within the pipe string, and the dump valve assembly of the present invention interconnected between lower pipe sections of the string;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged, fragmentary view of the portion of the downhole pipe string occupied by the dump valve assembly of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a vertical section view taken along line 3 — 3 of FIG. 2 and illustrating in detail the configuration of the dump valve assembly, the latter shown with the rupture disc thereof in its fluid flow-blocking relationship; and

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view similar to that of FIG. 3 but depicting the rupture disc in its ruptured condition.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Turning now to the drawings, and particularly FIG. 1 , an oil well 10 is illustrated. The latter includes, within the well bore, a cementitious annular casing 12 leading from grade 14 to a lower recoverable supply 16 of petroleum product. An elongated, multiple-section, end-to-end interconnected tubular pipe string 18 is positioned within the casing 12 and includes individual, threadably interconnected pipe sections 20 .

A dump valve assembly 22 is interconnected between a pair of lower pipe sections 20 a and 20 b as shown. The assembly 22 includes an elongated, tubular pipe section 24 supporting a rupture disc fitting 26 .

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4 , it will be observed that the lower end of pipe section 20 a has external pipe threads 28 , whereas the upper end of complemental section 20 b has internal threads 30 . As will be readily understood, these pipe sections 20 a, 20 b could be interconnected by threading the lower end of section 20 a into the upper end of section 20 b. However, the assembly 22 is interconnected between these pipe sections and for this purpose, the upper end 32 of the sidewall 24 has internal pipe threading 34 complemental with the threading 28 ; similarly, the lower end 36 of the sidewall 24 has external threading 38 complemental with threading 30 of pipe section 20 b. It will thus readily be seen that the sidewall 22 forms a tubular interconnection between the pipe sections.

The sidewall 22 also has a threaded, lateral opening 40 therethrough intermediate ends 32 and 36 . This opening 40 is designed to accept the metallic fitting 26 . The latter has a circular housing body 42 having external threading 44 mating with the threading of opening 40 . The outer end of housing body 42 is configured to present a hexagonal opening 46 presenting flats for insertion of a rotatable shank tool. The inboard annular face of the housing 42 is configured to receive and support the annular margin 48 of a metallic rupture disc 50 . As shown, the disc 50 is of generally concavo-convex configuration and is oriented with the concave face thereof adjacent the inner surface of sidewall 24 . Normally, the margin 48 is permanently welded to the inboard annular face of the housing 42 . Referring to FIG. 2 , it will be seen that the concave face of the disc 50 is provided with a pair of intersecting score lines 52 , 54 which extend substantially the full extent of the bulged face thereof.

In one preferred embodiment, the housing 42 is formed of #304 stainless steel, whereas the rupture disc is fabricated from Inconel, a known nickel alloy, and has a thickness of about 0.010 inches. The score lines have a depth of about 0.005 inches.

It will be appreciated that during normal use of the assembly 22 , the disc 50 remains in its intact, non-ruptured condition, and in no way detracts from the usual operation of the pipe string 20 or other well components. However, when it becomes necessary to withdraw the pipe string from the well casing, it is only necessary to pressurize the column of fluid within the pipe string 20 to a predetermined extent sufficient to rupture the disc 50 . In the indicated embodiment, pressurization to a level of about 2000 psi is sufficient to rupture the disc. This orientation is illustrated in FIG. 4 , where it will be seen that the disc ruptures along the score lines 52 , 54 so as to create four circumferentially spaced “petals”. It will be observed in this respect that the housing 42 is configured so as to retain these “petals” in the event that one or more breaks free from the disc.

It will thus be seen that the present invention provides a greatly improved and reliable downhole dump valve assembly which gives improved operational characteristics as compared with prior dump valves.

Claims

1. A method of operator controlled, selective full drainage of pumping liquid from a producing oil well downhole pipe string formed of end to end pipe sections and having a pump unit at the lower end thereof, said method comprising:attaching an elongated, tabular pipe section connection body to a pipe section at a lower part of the pipe string, said connection body having a sidewall with opposed inner and outer faces presenting a generally cylindrical interior having a selected internal diameter, said connection body being provided with a threaded opening extending through the sidewall between the inner and outer faces thereof; threading an integral, externally threaded pressure activated fitting into the threaded opening of the connection body sidewall to form a thread to thread, complemental, metal to metal liquid tight seal between the fitting and the sidewall, said fitting having a tubular housing which has wall structure presenting a central liquid discharge passage therethrough, said wall structure having a circular inner edge portion defining the pumping liquid entrance of the passage that is adjacent the inner face of the connection body, said circular inner edge portion of the wall structure being of a diameter approximately equal to the diameter of said passage, said fitting including a thin, metallic, frangible, shape-retaining rapture disc having an outer circular marginal portion welded to the inner circular edge of the wall structure defining said passage though the housing of the fitting, said disc being bulged inwardly of the passage to present opposed concave-convex surfaces with the concave surface thereof directly facing the interior of the connection body, said disc being provided with at least one line of weakness extending across the disc, said disc being of a thickness and having at least one line of weakness such that the disc thickness and line of weakness depth are correlated to impart a predetermined pumping liquid withstand pressure to the disc sufficient to withstand the pressure of pumping liquid normally contained ma particular length of pipe string when the pipe string is inserted in and extends along the length of the well casing, thereby preventing pumping liquid flow through the passage in the housing under normal production operating conditions, the disc thickness and the line of weakness depth being further correlated to reliably effect operator-actuated rupture of the disc when a predetermined pumping liquid activation pressure is applied to the pumping liquid in the pipe string; introducing pipe sections in successive order into the oil well to form said pipe string with the connection body and fitting therein located at an operator selected depth in the oil well; when it is desired to drain the pumping liquid from the downhole pipe string, selectively pressurizing the column of pumping liquid in the pipe string to said predetermined activation pressure to effect rupture of the disc along said at least one line of weakness as the disc petals formed thereby fold outwardly against and are confined by the passage defining wail structure of the housing; and successively pulling the pipe sections of the pipe string from the oil well at a rate permitting drainage of pumping liquid in the pipe string through the opening of the ruptured disc and the passage in the fitting into the oil well without significant overflow of pumping liquid in the pipe string onto the area surrounding the oil well.

2. In a method of periodically servicing a pump unit connected to the lower end of a downhole pipe string within a production oil well by pulling the pipe string from the oil well as required from time to time, said method comprising the steps of:providing an elongated, tubular pipe section connection body connected to a pipe section at the lower end of the pipe string above the pump unit, said connection body having a sidewall with opposed inner and outer faces presenting a generally cylindrical interior, said connection body being provided with a threaded opening extending through the sidewall between the inner and outer faces thereof, said inner face presenting a generally cylindrical interior having a selected internal diameter; threading an integral, externally threaded pressure activated fitting into the threaded opening of the connection body sidewall to form a thread to thread, complemental liquid light seal between the fitting and the sidewall, said fitting having tubular housing provided with wall structure presenting a central pumping liquid discharge passage therethrough, said wall structure having a circular inner edge portion defining the pumping liquid entrance of the passage which is adjacent the inner face of the connection body, said circular inner edge portion of the wall structure being of a diameter approximately equal to the diameter of said passage, said fitting including a thin, metallic, frangible, shape-retaining rupture disc having an outer circular marginal portion welded to the inner circular edge portion defining the entrance to die pumping liquid discharge passage through the housing of the fitting, said disc being bulged inwardly of the passage to present opposed concavo-convex surfaces with the concave surface thereof directly facing the interior of the connection body, said disc being provided with at least one line of weakness extending across the disc, said disc being of a thickness and baying at least one line of weakness such that the disc thickness and line of weakness depth are correlated to impart a predetermined liquid withstand pressure to the disc sufficient to withstand the pressure of liquid normally contained in a particular length of pipe string when the pipe string is inserted in and extends along the length of the well casing, thereby preventing liquid flow through the passage in the housing under normal operating conditions, the disc thickness and the line of weakness depth being further correlated to reliably effect operator-actuated rupture of the disc when a predetermined activation pressure is applied to the pumping liquid in the pipe string; introducing pipe sections in successive order into the oil well to farm said pipe string with the connection body and fitting located lathe pipe string at an operator selected depth in the oil well; when it is desired to drain pumping liquid from the downhole pipe string, selectively pressurizing the column of liquid in the pipe string to said predetermined activation pressure to effect rupture of the disc along said at least one line of weakness as the disc petals formed thereby fold outwardly against and are confined by the passage defining wail structure of the housing; successively pulling the pipe sections of the pipe string from the oil well at a rate permitting drainage of pumping liquid in the pipe string through the opening of the ruptured disc and the passage in the fitting into the oil well without significant overflow of pumping liquid in the pipe string onto the area surrounding the oil well; replacing the fitting with a ruptured disc therein with another fitting having a rupture disc of the preceding defined disc parameters and which is welded to the fitting housing in closing relationship to the passage through the fitting; and successively lowering pipe sections in the oil well casing in series order such that the tubular pipe section body having the replaced fitting therein is positioned in the pipe string adjacent the lower end of the pipe string at the bottom of the oil well.