Patent Application
20220241837
The invention relates to a method for stamping and stacking sheet metal parts to form lamination stacks, comprising the following steps: a first stamping-out of first sheet metal parts from an electrical steel strip, which has a hardenable adhesive layer, in particular a hot-hardening hot-melt adhesive varnish layer, on at least one of its flat sides, a subsequent stacking of the first sheet metal parts, and a joining, in particular integral joining, of the stacked first sheet metal parts, wherein the method has a scheme for facilitating the separation of the joined first sheet metal parts into lamination stacks, which scheme includes a stacking of at least one separating element with the first sheet metal parts.
The provision of a separating element between first sheet metal parts, which are stacked in a shaft following a last stamping stage of a progressive stamping tool, is known from the prior art (WO2017/060483A1). This separating element facilitates a separation of the integrally joined sheet metal parts into lamination stacks, for example by means of a non-stick coated surface, which reduces the adhesion to a hardening polymer adhesive layer of an adjacent first sheet metal part. Such separating element are introduced beneath the electrical steel strip in the last stamping stage for the stamping-out and by means of the stamping-out of a first sheet metal part, are pushed into the shaft to be stacked with the other first sheet metal parts. The introduction of the separating element beneath the electrical steel strip disadvantageously requires a comparatively precise positioning of the separating element so that the separating element is not also stamped, which among other things, can cause damage to the progressive stamping tool.
The object of the invention, therefore, is to modify a method of the type explained at the beginning in such a way that despite the use of a separating element that is stacked together with the first sheet metal parts, it is possible to ensure a high degree of stability.
The invention attains the stated object by means of the features of claim 1.
If the scheme for facilitating the separation of the joined first sheet metal parts into lamination stacks includes the step of a second stamping-out of at least one second sheet metal part in a step preceding the first stamping-out, then the electrical steel strip can be simply included in the scheme for facilitating the separation of the joined first sheet metal parts into lamination stacks. In other words, by means of the second stamping-out, the electrical steel strip has a cut-out region, which can constitute a receptacle in the electrical steel strip.
If in addition, a pushing-back (“push back”) of the separating element into a region of the electrical steel strip from which the second sheet metal part has been stamped takes place, then the separating element can be joined to the electrical steel strip and can also be supplied to the first stamping-out together with the electrical steel strip.
This results in the fact that the separating element is supplied to the method step of the stacking in the same way as the first lamination elements. It is therefore possible to avoid complicated schemes in the last stamping stage for providing separating elements between the sheet metal parts—a pushing-out of the separating element from the electrical steel strip with the first stamping-out is sufficient for this purpose.
In addition, by means of the positioning of the electrical steel strip in the first stamping-out, a reproducible accompanying alignment of the separating element relative to the stamping stage necessarily also takes place, which reliably prevents any damage thereto. By contrast with the prior art, therefore, the method according to the invention can have a particularly long service life.
For example, a hardenable adhesive layer can be based on polyvinyl butyral, polyamides, polyamide, polyester, modified polyamides, or epoxy resin. Preferably, an in particular hot-hardening backlack is used as an adhesive layer. Hardenable polymer adhesive layers have proven to be advantageous.
If the scheme includes the step of a deactivation, hardening, and/or removal of the adhesive layer of the second sheet metal part, then this can allow this second sheet metal part to be used as a separating element. This not only avoids additional separating elements, but also ensures that the pushed-back separating elements always correspond to the dimensions of the open regions on the electrical steel strip. The separating elements can therefore be reproducibly joined to the electrical steel strip—which makes it possible to further extend the service life of the method.
The second sheet metal part can be provided as a separating element in the electrical steel strip in a stable way if it is elongated in at least some areas before the pushing-back. The elongation can be carried out, for example, by means of pulling, pushing, etc.
If the second sheet metal part is joined to a first sheet metal part to form a lamination stack, then this also makes it possible to use the second sheet metal part as part of a lamination stack and thus to further increase the degree of utilization of the electrical steel strip for producing lamination stacks and to reduce waste.
The throughput of the method can remain unchanged by the schemes for facilitating the separation of the joined first sheet metal parts into lamination stacks if the second stamping-out and pushing-back take place in different stages in the stamping and stacking.
It is conceivable for the second stamping-out to take place before a progressive stamping tool, which performs the first stamping-out with a second stamping stage. This also means that no design changes to the progressive stamping tool are required in order to join the separating element to the electrical steel strip.
It is alternatively conceivable for the second stamping-out to be performed by a third stamping stage of a progressive stamping tool, which performs the first stamping-out with a second stamping stage. This requires a design change in the progressive stamping tools that are otherwise known from the prior art, but can further increase the reproducibility of the method due to advantages in the synchronization of the stages to one another.
If the pushing-back takes place in a stage immediately preceding the first stamping-out, then it is also possible for a pushing-out of the separating element from preceding stages of the progressive stamping tool to not occur—which can contribute to the increase in the reliability of the method.
An idling of preceding stamping stages in the progressive stamping tool can be avoided if the second stamping-out takes place in a stage immediately preceding the pushing-back. Among other things, this reduces the risk of damage to its stamp or to the die that cooperates therewith.
The reliability of the method can be further increased if before or during the second stamping-out, at least one pilot hole is punched into the electrical steel strip and during the pushing-back, the separating element and the electrical steel strip are positioned relative to each other with the aid of the pilot hole.
The electrical steel strip can be prepared for the pushing-back in a particularly advantageous way if in its outer dimensions, the second sheet metal part is stamped out to be smaller than the first sheet metal part.
Preferably, the second sheet metal part is stamped out to be at most 2 mm smaller.
The separating element can be accommodated in the electrical steel strip in a stable way if a snug fit is embodied between the separating element and the electrical steel strip.
This snug fit can be embodied in a particularly reproducible way if the separating element and/or the electrical steel strip have projections at which the snug fit is embodied.
Advantageously, the separation of the joined first sheet metal parts into lamination stacks is facilitated in that the separating element is embodied to reduce the adhesion to an adjacent first sheet metal part.
A use of at least one separating element, which has been pushed back into a region of an electrical steel strip that has a hardenable adhesive layer, can turn out to be advantageous for facilitating the separation of first sheet metal parts that have been stamped out from the electrical steel strip into lamination stacks during the stamping and stacking.
In the figures, the subject of the invention is shown in greater detail by way example based on several embodiment variants. In the drawings:
A thermosetting or hot-hardening hot-melt adhesive varnish or hot-melt adhesive layer is also known by the term “backlack.” For example, the hot-melt adhesive varnish can be based on an epoxy resin. Preferably, the hot-melt adhesive varnish is a bisphenol-based epoxy resin system with a for example dicyandiamide-based hardener. In particular, the above-mentioned hot-melt adhesive varnish can be a bisphenol-A/epichlorohydrin resin system with dicyanamide as a hardener. This two-stage hardening epoxy resin system is in the B state on the electrical steel strip. As a result, the partially cross-linked hot-melt adhesive varnish is still reactive. When heat is supplied, the hot-melt adhesive varnish in the B state reacts further and can thus be transformed into the C state, which is also referred to as baking. Typically, this partially cross-linked hot-melt adhesive varnish layer has a thickness of a few micrometers.
With the aid of a progressive stamping tool 10.1, several first sheet metal parts 2 are stamped out and separated from the backlack-coated electrical steel strip 5. Such a stamping-out—generally speaking—can be a cutting-out, cutting-off, notching, lopping, push-out division, etc.
As can also be inferred from
With a blade 14.1 of the preprocessing stamping stage 14 on the upper tool 11, the electrical steel strip 5 is preprocessed for a stamping-out, after which a second blade 15.1 of the second and also last stamping stage 15 on the upper tool 11 stamps out and thus separates first sheet metal parts 2 from the electrical steel strip 5. To accomplish this, the blades 14.1, 15.1, and 16.1 cooperate with the respective dies 14.2, 15.2, and 16.2 of the stamping stages 14, 15, and 16 on the lower tool 13.
Such a progressive cutting can be identified in
The pressure of the upper tool 11 or more precisely the blade 14.1 moves the first sheet metal parts 2 that have been stamped out with the aid of the stamping stage 15 into a stacking device 18 and stacks them therein. For this purpose, the stacking device 18 has a shaft 18.1 and a counter holder 18.2 in the lower tool 13. This counter holder 18.2 in the lower tool 13 slows down the first sheet metal parts 2, as a result of which these sheet metal parts 2 are physically and/or chemically joined due to the pressure of the upper tool 11 and with the aid of the adhesive layer 8, 9 that is present between the sheet metal parts 2. In general, it should be noted that the stacking device 18 can be actively heated in order to thus integrally join the first sheet metal parts 2 in the shaft 18.1. In addition, the first lamination stacks 3 can undergo further hardening steps that are not shown in order to produce an integral connection between the first sheet metal parts 2. It is also possible for the stacking device 18 to be rotated in order, for example, to produce segmented lamination stacks 3 from layers with a plurality of first sheet metal parts 2 that are positioned next to and on top of one another—which is also not shown.
In order to be able to separate the lamination stacks 3 exiting the stacking device 18 from one another more easily, at least one separating element 19 is stacked together with the first sheet metal parts 2. To accomplish this, the separating element 19 is embodied to reduce the adhesion to the adhesive layer 8, 9 of at least one first sheet metal part 2 adjacent thereto. This creates a reduced adhesive force between the first sheet metal parts 2 of the adjacent lamination stacks 3, which facilitates the separation of the joined first sheet metal parts 2 into lamination stacks 3.
According to the invention, the separating element 19 is introduced into the stacking device 18 with the aid of the electrical steel strip 5. For this purpose, a second stamping-out with the stamping stage 16 is first carried out through a cooperation of a blade 16.1 and a die 16.2, which cuts a second sheet metal part 20 out from the electrical steel strip 5. This produces a cut-out region 21 in the electrical steel strip 5.
This cut-out region 21 is used to accommodate the separating element 19 in the electrical steel strip 5—namely in that the stamping tool 10 has a stage 22 for pushing back mechanisms into the electrical steel strip 5. These mechanisms are embodied as moving pushers 22.1 in the lower tool and as a fixed counter holder 22.2 in the upper tool. With this stage 22, the separating element 19 is pushed back into a region 21 of the electrical steel strip 5 from which the second sheet metal part 20 has been stamped. As a result, the separating element 19 is thus conveyed together with the electrical steel strip 5 in the stamping tool 10. Other mechanisms for pushing back are known, for example, from DE11207002887T2, which also discloses the method step of the pushing-back.
In the last stamping stage 15, the separating element 19 is consequently pushed out from the electrical steel strip 5. As a result, the separating element 19 is positioned between the first sheet metal parts 2 in the stacking device 18, which facilitates the separation of the lamination stacks 3 upon departure from the stacking device 18.
It is also clear from
Since deactivation occurs on only one side of the second sheet metal part 20, i.e. the adhesive layer 8, the second sheet metal part 20 not only can function as a separating element 19, but also—by means of its second, non-deactivated adhesive layer 9—can be bonded to a lamination stack 3 or and thus used along with it. This ensures a high degree of utilization of the electrical steel strip 5.
As can be inferred from
In addition, during the second stamping-out, two pilot holes 24 are punched into the electrical steel strip—with the third stamping stage 16. The separating element 19 and the electrical steel strip 5 are positioned relative to each other with the aid of these pilot holes 24. For this purpose, two pins 25 on the pusher 22.1 each protrude into a respective pilot hole 24 in the electrical steel strip 5. This ensures a precisely positioned provision of the separating element 19 in the cut-out region 21 of the electrical steel strip 5, which significantly increases the reproducibility of the method.
It is clear from
Known progressive stamping tools 10.2 can therefore be retrofitted with the tool 26 in order to carry out the method according to the invention.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19173401.1 | May 2019 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2020/062947 | 5/8/2020 | WO | 00 |
