The present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of prefabricated reinforced mortar panels and slabs, particularly one in which metal molds are used that have resistant means to withstand the stressing of biaxial reinforcement members and is organized so that both flat and curved panels and slabs, biaxially prestressed, can be obtained, as prefabricated items.
Some patents are known in which shuttering for the construction of walls of curved surface are contemplated, such as the patents ES 2 084 868, ES 2 141 010 and ES 2 178 604, in all of which it is seen that they refer to shuttering arrangements that allow the construction of concrete walls “in situ” having a curved surface and, in all cases, with the sole possibility of being reinforced with non-prestressed reinforcement members and only in the sense of the generatrix of the curve.
In these cases it is impossible to obtain prefabricated panels and slabs having a curved surface and with biaxially prestressed reinforcement members.
On the other hand, the traditional methods of molding reinforced mortar panels and slabs, up to now practically only of flat configuration, use open top horizontal molds, which make it difficult to obtain a correct setting because of the evaporation of the water from the mortar, and which require their molding surface to be covered by of a mold stripping agent.
With the purpose of being able to manufacture panels and slabs as prefabricated items of any configuration, having either a flat, curve, warped or spherical surface and with prestressed biaxial reinforcement members, at the same time as to avoid an undesired evaporation of the water from the mortar in the setting process, the solution has been adopted of molding the said panels and slabs in closed molds and with guide means for the reinforcement members in curved trajectories.
According to the preceding solution the method for the manufacture of prefabricated reinforced mortar panels and slabs has been developed which is the object of the invention, which consists of the fact that there is provided a mold that, being capable of being placed in the vertical or horizontal position, is formed by two parallel central walls, forming the major faces of the panel, two sidewalls, which connect the sides of the central walls and form the lateral edges of this panel, and two upper or front and lower or rear end walls depending on the positioning of the mold, which connect the end edges of the central and sidewalls, either upper or front and lower or rear and form the end edges of the panel, there being provided biaxially a stressed reinforcement member between the sidewalls and the end walls, after which mortar is introduced through an operable space provided in one of the central, side and/or end walls.
One feature of the invention consists of, in one embodiment, the parallel central walls, the sidewalls and the end walls having a flat rectangular configuration, whereas in another embodiment the central walls have a curved configuration in, at least, one of their dimensions, the sidewalls are rectangular and substantially flat, whereas the end walls are flat and have an arcuate, preferably annular, configuration.
A further feature of the invention is that the parallel central walls, the sidewalls and the end walls have a Teflon coating on their molding face.
Yet another feature of the invention is that, in the case of flat panels and slabs, the stressed reinforcement members between the sidewalls and the end walls are in planes parallel to the central walls and form two orthogonal groups, in each one of which the reinforcement members follow rectilinear trajectories parallel to each other, whereas, in the case of curved panels and slabs, the stressed reinforcement members between the sidewalls follow uneven parallel trajectories forming vertices located on an imaginary arc and supported on support members inserted perpendicularly in the convex face of the central wall having the smaller dimension of curvature.
Another feature of the invention is that the central wall having the smaller dimension of curvature has on its concave face, perpendicularly thereto, transverse reinforcement means to withstand the stresses exerted by the uneven trajectory reinforcement members due to the stressing thereof, at the same time as the transverse reinforcement means, which are disposed parallel to each other, in the central wall having smaller curvature, are connected by means of spacer bars perpendicular thereto.
Finally, other features that constitute details of the invention will be disclosed throughout the description thereof that will be developed below.
In order to facilitate the understanding of the foregoing ideas, there is described hereinafter the method for the manufacture of prefabricated reinforced mortar panels and slabs using preferred means for obtaining them, with reference to the illustrative drawings attached hereto. In the drawings:
In
Thus, there is shown the concave face 1 of a major central wall 2 of a mold 3 for curved panels that is parallel to the convex face 4 of a minor central wall 5, in which there are installed support members 6 for the longitudinal 7 and transverse 8 prestressed reinforcement members.
The space between these central major 2 and minor 5 walls, in which the longitudinal 7 and transverse 8 reinforcement members with their support members 6 are incorporated, is for receiving the mass of mortar to be molded. The said longitudinal 7 and transverse 8 reinforcement members 7 will be embedded in said mass with their support members 6 that will be unattached to the minor central wall 5.
In order to reduce the method of the invention to practice, it is necessary to have a mold 3, capable of being placed in the vertical or horizontal position, which is formed by two central major 2 and minor 5 walls which, being parallel, will form the major faces of the panel and two sidewalls 9, that connect the sides of central major 2 and minor 5 walls and form the side edges of the panel. The mold 3 is also formed by two end walls, not shown in the drawings as being expected, that are upper or front, and lower or rear, according to the positioning of the mold. These, two end walls connect the end edges of central walls 2 and 5 and sidewalls 9, as being upper or front and lower or rear, and form the end edges of the panel. Finally, the longitudinal 7 and transverse 8 reinforcement members are arranged biaxially, stressed between the sidewalls 9 and the end walls, after which mortar is poured through a operable space provided in one of the central walls 2, 5, sidewalls 9 and/or end walls, which have not been shown either as in the previous case.
The invention contemplates the cases in which the parallel central walls 2, 5, the sidewalls 9 and end walls are of flat rectangular configuration, as well as the cases currently treated in which the said parallel central major 2 and minor 5 walls have a curved configuration in only one of their dimensions, the sidewalls 9 are rectangular and flat and the end walls are flat with an arcuate configuration.
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On the other hand, as shown in
Other embodiments of the support members 6 comprise, in
In all the cases it is contemplated that mold 3, both in its curved version and in the not shown flat version, may comprise, in at least its central major 2 and minor 5 walls, a jacket for the circulation of a heat conditioned fluid.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2008/000664 | 10/28/2008 | WO | 00 | 5/26/2011 |