Patent Application
20060170126
1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates to a method of production of an organically bound, flexible fire-protection panel with an inorganic filler as well as to a fire-protection panel.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Foamed organic polymer products are to be found in very many areas of daily life. Open-pored flexible foams are used, for example, for mattresses or automobile seats. Integral foams are used, for example, for automobile cockpits, furniture back rests and armrests or as damping elements for automobile bumpers. In the building sector, foamed organic polymer products find use as in situ-produced foams, as seals for joints or as insulation panels.
It is a disadvantage of the known solution that the foamed products cannot be used in the area of passive fire protection because of the limited fire resistance capability shown in the DIN 4102, part 9 and 11, fire test. It is now known that a plate material, which has the requisite fire resistance capability, can be produced from an organic matrix material and an inorganic filler. However, such a material has a high-density and poor insulation properties. The known method of producing the panel material is based on a prior mixing process, such as kneading, stirring, extruding, etc., and a subsequent consolidation and drying step. If now a light, foam-like, inorganic filler is used to produce the panel material, it can easily be destroyed by the known methods.
In the area of PUR reaction injection molding, technologies have become known, for which the filler is mixed homogeneously with the organic matrix by a continuous injection process in a mixing head. It is a disadvantage of these technologies that a ratio by volume of filler to PUR system of greater than 1 can no longer be processed. Moreover, the filler, which is to be mixed, must have a sufficient compressive strength and a filler, with a density less than 0.4 g/cc, as well as with a diameter in the millimeter range cannot be used.
Accordingly, an object of the invention is a method of producing a fire-protection panel, which has a large proportion by volume of a light, foam-like inorganic filler, which is distributed homogeneously in an organic binder.
This and other objects of the present invention, which will become apparent hereinafter, are achieved by a method of producing an organically bound, flexible fire-protection panel with an inorganic filler which comprises the following steps:
In a first step, a defined amount of a foamable, organic binder matrix is introduced, optionally by a metering system, into a mold, which is constructed as a panel mold. The mold preferably has a basic rectangular shape and comprises a bottom, as well as side walls surrounding the bottom. The height of the side walls is greater than the thickness of the fire-protection panel, which is to be produced. The organic binder matrix comprises several components, which preferably are mixed in the desired ratio before they are introduced into the mold. To ensure a constant quality of several fire-protection panels, produced by the inventive method, the organic binder matrix preferably is filled into the mold by means of a metering system.
In a second step, the organic binder matrix is distributed uniformly over the bottom of the mold, so that the thickness of the layer of organic binder matrix is the same over the whole of the bottom.
Subsequently, the mold is filled with an adequate amount of an inorganic filler. The ratio by volume of inorganic filler to organic binder matrix is about 9:1. The organic binder matrix mainly is intended to glue the particles of the inorganic filler. In addition, the organic binder matrix functions to configure the surface of the panel optimally. The amount of inorganic filler must be such that it fills the mold completely as a loose filling. Since the side walls of the mold are higher than the thickness of the panel, which is to be produced, the mold can be filled uniformly up to the upper edge.
In the next step up of the inventive method, the mold is closed off with a lid, the volume of the interior of the mold being reduced. The lid is provided with an insert which, when the lid is closed, pushes the inorganic filler into the organic binder matrix, without pressing the latter to such an extent, that it is destroyed.
In the next step, the organic binder matrix is foamed. The composition of the organic binder matrix is selected so that it can be foamed chemically or physically. The foaming reaction is adjusted by means of catalysts, so that sufficient time remains for metering the inorganic filler completely into the mold, and so that the completely foamed fire-protection panel can be removed from the mold as quickly as possible.
Subsequently, the mold is opened and the finished fire-protection panel can be removed.
The inventive method is not preceded by a mechanical mixing process, which can destroy the preferably light, foam-like, inorganic filler and thus increase the density of the fire-protection panel. Furthermore, the inorganic binder matrix has a relatively high viscosity ranging from 1000 to 5000 mPas, which, with the mechanically stable character of the inorganic filler, makes a prior mixing process impossible. The fire-protection panel, which is produced by the inventive method, accordingly has a low density and provides a good insulation effect. At the same time, the fire-protection panel, produced with the method, has a fire resistance capability, which meets the requirements of the Standard, and can easily be processed. The fire-protection panel, produced with this method, can be used, for example, for fireproofing installation openings through fire-proof walls. Since there is no intumescent process, the function of the fire-protection panel is provided only by the fire-resistant construction.
Preferably, for controlling the foaming of the organic binder matrix, the mold is tempered. Tempering the mold offers different possibilities for optimizing the reaction time of the foaming process and is carried out, for example, by means of an electrical heating device or by means of a suitable cooling device. For controlling and accelerating the reaction, the mold is held at a temperature below 100° C. and preferably at a temperature of 40° to 50° C.
Preferably, a polymer, particularly a polyurethane or phenolic resin is used as binder matrix. The polyol component of the organic binder matrix may be provided with the following fillers: acid-forming agents, flame retardants, ash crust stabilizers and fillers, forming micropores and sensitive to high temperatures. As acid-forming agents, for example, a salt or an ester of an inorganic, non-volatile acid is used and selected from phosphoric acid or boric acid. Ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, diamine phosphate, melamine borate, boric acid esters and the like are preferred. As flame retardants, a halogen-containing phosphate ester, for example, is used. As ash crust stabilizer, an oxide or a compound of a metal such as aluminum, magnesium, iron and zinc is used. Iron oxide, iron trioxide, titanium oxide or a borate, such as zinc borate, are preferred. As filler, forming micropores and sensitive to high temperatures, inorganic, hollow microspheres, such as aluminum silicate spheres, glass spheres or fly ash spheres with particle sizes ranging from 50 μto 500 μ, for example, are used.
Preferably, before the organic binder matrix is introduced and/or after the organic binder matrix is introduced and/or after the mold is filled with inorganic filler, a woven, knitted or nonwoven mat is placed in the mold. Such a mat increases the mechanical stability of the fire-protection panels produced, without significantly affecting the ability to cut the fire-protection panels. If the mat is placed in the mold before the organic binder matrix is introduced and/or after the mold is filled with organic filler, the finished fire-protection panel produced has one or two homogenous surfaces. The mat may, for example, be a mat woven from glass fibers or from coated and uncoated silicate fibers. Moreover, it is conceivable to use a knitted wire, wire netting or a wire screen.
Pursuant to the invention, an organically bound, flexible fire-protection panel comprises an inorganic filler, the latter having a specific density of less than 0.4 g/cc. With the low density of the inorganic filler, the fire-protection panel has a good insulation value. High temperature-resistant filler particles, such as light, incombustible, inorganic materials, such as perlite, expanded vermiculite and the like are used as inorganic filler.
Preferably, the inorganic filler is a porous material, which has an irregular particle size and shape, the particle size being 0.1 mm to 10.0 mm and optionally 1.0 mm to 6.0 mm. The concept of an irregular particle size means that several particles together cover the whole of the aforementioned size range. An irregular particle shape is understood to mean all three-dimensional spatial shapes, which the inorganic filler can have during its production. Aside from a spherical configuration, the particles may be polyhedral. Since the production of the fire production panel does not involve a mechanical mixing process and the light, foam-like, inorganic filler is merely foamed by the organic binder matrix, the particle size and shape of the inorganic filler is largely retained. The fire-protection panel has a homogeneous structure.
Preferably, the foamable, organic binder matrix comprises a polymer, optionally a polyurethane or a phenolic resin.
Advantageously, the fire-protection panel has at least one woven, knitted or nonwoven mat. The mat may be disposed at the surfaces and/or in the fire-protection panel. Preferably, a woven, knitted or nonwoven mat is used, which is difficult to ignite.
The novel features to the present invention, which are considered as characteristic for the invention, are set forth in the appended claims. The invention itself, however both as to its construction and its mode of operation, together with additional advantages and objects thereof, will be best understood from the following detailed description of preferred embodiment, when read with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the Drawings:
In the drawings, the identical parts are designated with the same reference numerals.
The individual process steps of the method of producing a fire-protection panel are shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. In
The next step of the method is shown in
The closed mold 1 is shown in
In
To summarize, it may be noted that, with the inventive method, a fire-protection panel was created which, despite optimization of the physical properties in relation to density and insulating effects while, at the same time, being fire resistant and easily manufactured, contains a large proportion by volume of a light, foam-like inorganic filler, which is distributed homogeneously in the organic binder. The inventive fire-protection panel does not contain any intumescent materials.
Though the present invention was shown and described and references to the preferred embodiment, such is merely illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as a limitation thereof and various modifications of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. It is therefore not intended that the present invention be limited to the disclosed embodiment or details thereof, and the present invention includes all variations and/or alternative embodiments within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102 40 522.0 | Sep 2002 | DE | national |
This application is a division of application Ser. No. 10/653,642 filed Sep. 2, 2003.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 10653642 | Sep 2003 | US |
| Child | 11396131 | Mar 2006 | US |
