Patent Grant
11053705
The present invention relates to a method of toppling a tower structure, and in particular to a method of toppling a tower structure fixedly supported on a base fixed to a ground to demolish the tower structure.
A structure is demolished and removed for various reasons such as the structure being aged or the need of reconstruction of another new structure. However, when the structure is a considerably high tower structure, the work would be extensive, requiring considerable time and labor. For example, when the tower structure is to be demolished, a scaffold, a crane and the like will be prepared, the tower structure will be cut into small pieces from the top toward the base, the cut pieces will be carried to the ground using the crane or the like, and then the base supporting the tower structure will be demolished.
To quickly and easily accomplish a demolishing work of such a tower structure, the invention disclosed in Patent Literature 1 has been proposed in which a tower structure is toppled and demolished.
More specifically, a method of toppling and demolishing a heat storage chamber of a heat blast furnace which is a tower structure comprises pouring a hardener into an air-venting portion at a lower portion of the heat storage chamber to reinforce an upper region at a lowermost position of the heat storage chamber,
removing a foundation portion forming a lowermost position on a toppling direction side of the heat storage chamber to the extent that the heat storage chamber can maintain a self-standing state, and
applying a force to the heat storage chamber in the toppling direction to topple the heat storage chamber.
According to the demolishing method disclosed in Patent Literature 1, the heat storage chamber can be toppled safely and securely in a direction in which the foundation portion is removed, that is, in an intended toppling direction, and then the tower structure can be demolished on the ground all at once. In this way, there is no need of a crane or a scaffold to be built and even the demolishing work can be accomplished rapidly after the heat storage chamber is toppled.
Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent No. 4790357
However, according to the demolishing method disclosed in Patent Literature 1, when a force is applied to the heat storage chamber in the toppling direction to topple the heat storage chamber, an upper region at the lowermost position of the heat storage chamber, which is in contact with the foundation, serves as a tumble fulcrum to concentrate a buckling load on the tumble fulcrum, leading to a buckling. Consequently, the heat storage chamber may be toppled in a different toppling direction from the intended toppling direction. The upper region at the lowermost position of the heat storage chamber, which is in contact with the foundation, forms an air-venting portion, which is generally a portion of low strength.
Therefore, in the demolishing method disclosed in Patent Literature 1, since it is necessary to prevent the heat storage chamber from being toppled in a direction different from the intended toppling direction, a hardener is poured into this air-venting portion to harden and reinforce the tumble fulcrum, thereby preventing the above-described buckling.
A problem of the buckling of the tumble fulcrum with the demolishing method disclosed in Patent Literature 1 is not limited to a case where the heat storage chamber is demolished. That is, when the method disclosed in Patent Literature 1 is used to demolish the tower structure, since as the height of the tower structure increases, the mass of the tower structure increases, the buckling load applied to the tumble fulcrum of the tower structure increases. In the case of the heat storage chamber in Patent Literature 1, the hardener can be filled into a space of the air-venting portion present in the tumble fulcrum. However, depending on the type of the tower structure, it may be difficult to strengthen the tumble fulcrum. If the strength of the tumble fulcrum is insufficient, the tower structure may be toppled in a direction different from the intended direction, which is dangerous.
In addition, filling the hardener to strengthen the tumble fulcrum requires time and labor for hardening. Accordingly, there has been a need for a method of toppling the tower structure more simply.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method of toppling a tower structure more simply and quickly.
To achieve the object, the invention according to claim 1 provides a method of toppling a tower structure that is fixedly supported on a base fixed to a ground to demolish the tower structure, the method including a base dividing step of dividing the base into an upper base that is fixed to the tower structure and a lower base that is fixed to a ground, by cutting the base in a substantially horizontal direction, an upper base dividing step of dividing the upper base into a support base portion on which the tower structure is fixedly supported and a separated base portion that is separated from the tower structure by cutting the upper base, in a longitudinal direction, from above to a substantially horizontal surface created by the cutting in the substantially horizontal direction, a removing step of removing the separated base portion, and a toppling step of toppling the tower structure together with the support base portion using, as a tumble axis, a lower edge of a longitudinally cut surface created by cutting the support base portion in the longitudinal direction, wherein the tumble axis is located on a toppling direction side of the tower structure with respect to a center of gravity of the tower structure when viewed in an axial direction of the tumble axis.
According to this configuration, the base is divided into the upper base and the lower base, the upper base is divided into the support base portion on which the tower structure is fixedly supported and the separated base portion to remove the separated base portion, and the support base portion is toppled around the tumble axis, whereby the tower structure can be toppled simply and quickly.
At this time, since the tumble axis (tumble fulcrum) is formed by the robust base, the tumble axis can be held even when a buckling load is concentrated on the tumble axis, whereby the tower structure can be toppled in an intended direction, which ensures safety.
In addition, since the robust base serves as a tumble fulcrum by itself, the tower structure can be toppled without the need to reinforce the tumble fulcrum and more simply and quickly than the conventional toppling method which requires a reinforcement of the tumble fulcrum.
Furthermore, since the tumble axis is located on the toppling direction side of the tower structure with respect to the center of gravity of the tower structure when viewed in the axial direction of the tumble axis, the tower structure can stand by itself after the removing step, and therefore this can prevent unexpected natural toppling of the tower structure after the removing step, which ensures safety.
In the invention according to claim 2, the longitudinally cut surface has an oblique cross section which gradually approaches a center-of-gravity side of the tower structure as it extends from above to below, in the method of toppling a tower structure according to claim 1.
According to this configuration, since the tumble axis can be closer to the center of gravity of the tower structure, the tower structure can be toppled more easily than a case where the longitudinally cut surface is substantially perpendicular.
In the invention according to claim 3, a shortest distance from the center of gravity of the tower structure to the tumble axis in the substantially horizontal surface is equal to or smaller than ½ of a shortest distance from the center of gravity to a side surface portion of the base in the substantially horizontal surface, in the method of toppling a tower structure according to claim 1 or 2.
According to this configuration, since the tumble axis is located at a position relatively closer to the center-of-gravity position of the tower structure in the substantially horizontal surface, a center-of-gravity movement distance in the toppling step is reduced, and the tower structure transitions to the natural toppling due to the own weight, immediately. Therefore, the tower structure can be toppled more simply and rapidly with a smaller force.
In the invention according to claim 4, a continuous portion in which the lower base and the support base portion are not completely disconnected is provided in a region including the tumble axis and a vicinity of the tumble axis, and a strength of the continuous portion is a strength sufficient to break the continuous portion in a process of toppling of the tower structure in the toppling step, in the method of toppling a tower structure according to any one of claim 1 or 3.
According to this configuration, since the lower base and the support base portion are connected with each other by the continuous portion in an early stage of the toppling step, shifting of the tumble axis in the early stage of the toppling step can be prevented. In the intermediate stage or later of the toppling step, the continuous portion breaks by the turning of the support base portion around the tumble axis, whereby the tower structure can be toppled. In this way, the tower structure can be toppled in the intended direction more securely.
In the invention according to claim 5, the toppling step includes a push-up operation of pushing up a bottom surface of the support base portion by a push-up means provided on the lower base after the base dividing step, in the method of toppling a tower structure according to any one of claim 1 or 4.
According to this configuration, the lower base can be used as a reaction force receiving surface as it is by providing the push-up means on the lower base, and a force for toppling the tower structure can be exerted by the simple operation of pushing up the bottom surface of the support base portion.
In the invention according to claim 6, a partially removing step of the lower base of removing a part of the lower base on the toppling direction side of the tower structure with respect to the tumble axis is provided between the removing step and the toppling step, in the method of toppling a tower structure according to any one of claim 1 or 5.
According to this configuration, when the tower structure is toppled in the toppling step, the support base portion can drop into a region in which a part of the lower base has been removed, whereby the tower structure can be toppled in the intended direction more securely.
According to the present invention, the base is divided into the upper base and the lower base, the upper base is divided into the support base portion on which the tower structure is fixedly supported and the separated base portion to remove the separated base portion, and the support base portion is toppled around the tumble axis, whereby the tower structure can be toppled simply and quickly.
At this time, since the tumble axis (tumble fulcrum) is formed by the robust base, the tumble axis can be held even when a buckling load is concentrated on the tumble axis, whereby the tower structure can be toppled in an intended direction, which ensures safety.
In addition, since the robust base serves as a tumble fulcrum by itself, the tower structure can be toppled without the need to reinforce the tumble fulcrum and more simply and quickly than the conventional toppling method which requires a reinforcement of the tumble fulcrum.
Furthermore, since the tumble axis is located on the toppling direction side of the tower structure with respect to the center of gravity of the tower structure when viewed in the axial direction of the tumble axis, the tower structure can stand by itself after the removing step, and therefore this can prevent unexpected natural toppling of the tower structure after the removing step, which ensures safety.
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. A method of toppling a tower structure that is fixedly supported on a base fixed to a ground to demolish the tower structure will be described with referent to
As illustrated in
The tower structure 10 is fixedly supported on a base 20 made of reinforced concrete via the tower 12. The base 20 is firmly fixed to piles (not illustrated) driven into a ground G. That is, the base 20 is firmly fixed on the ground G via the piles which are a part of the base 20. Note that the piles are not necessarily provided, and can be arbitrarily selected according to the type of the ground G and the height of the tower structure.
Next, each step of the method of toppling the tower structure of the present invention will be described. The method of toppling the tower structure of the present invention includes a base dividing step, an upper base diving step, a removing step, and a toppling step.
[Base Dividing Step]
The base dividing step will be described with reference to
The base 20 is divided into an upper base 22 and a lower base 26 by a substantially horizontal surface 20a created by the cutting in the substantially horizontal direction. The substantially horizontal surface 20a need not be perfectly horizontal, and may have a slightly oblique cross section (this concludes the description of the base dividing step).
[Upper Base Dividing Step]
Next, the upper base dividing step will be described with reference to
[Removing Step]
The separated base portion 24 is removed before the toppling step. One end of a wire rope (not illustrated) is fixed to the separated base portion 24, and the other end of the wire rope is towed by a winch or a vehicle, so that the separated base portion 24 can be removed. The fixing of the one end of the wire rope to the separated base portion 24 is achieved by providing a U-shaped hook, an L-shaped hook or the like on the surface of the separated base portion 24 by which the one end of the wire rope is anchored therein, for example.
After the separated base portion 24 is removed, a boundary line (a lower edge 22aa of the longitudinally cut surface 22a) between the substantially horizontal surface 20a and the longitudinally cut surface 22a in the support base portion 23 serves as a tumble axis 23a, as will be described later in the toppling step. It is preferable that the tumble axis 23a is located on a toppling direction side (the left side in the drawing) of the tower structure 10 with respect to the center of gravity C of the tower structure 10 in a side view, as illustrated in
[Partially Removing Step of Lower Base]
In this step, a part of the lower base 26 on the toppling direction side of the tower structure 10 with respect to the tumble axis 23a is removed. In the present embodiment, as illustrated in
Note that the cut portion 29 to be removed is set so that a length from the position 26a to the tumble axis 23a on the substantially horizontal surface 20a is smaller than the length of the longitudinally cut surface 22a. This is because the tower structure 10 can be toppled in the intended direction more securely, as will be described later.
In addition, in the present embodiment, a push-up means is provided on the lower base 26 after the base dividing step. For example, a jack can be used for the push-up means 28.
For example, as illustrated in
In the present embodiment, the magnitude of Dac is compared with the magnitude of ½ Dsc when the substantially horizontal surface 20a has a circular cross section. However, even when the shape of the substantially horizontal surface 20a is another shape such as a square shape, a hexagonal shape, a four angle star-like shape, the above-described relationship in magnitude between Dac and ½ Dsc is similarly applied.
[Toppling Step]
Next, the toppling step will be described with reference to
The toppling step includes a push-up operation of pushing up a bottom surface 23b (a cross section 20a) of the support base portion 23 by the push-up means 28. As illustrated in
Note that after the pushed-up height of the push-up means 28 provided in the recess 27 becomes maximum during the push-up operation, another push-up means 28 is further provided on the lower base 26 as illustrated in
Therefore, according to the method of toppling the tower structure according to the present embodiment, the base 20 is divided into the upper base 22 and the lower base 26, the upper base 22 is divided into the support base portion 23 on which the tower structure 10 is fixedly supported and the separated base portion 24 to remove the separated base portion 24, and the support base portion 23 is toppled around the tumble axis 23a, whereby the tower structure 10 can be toppled simply and quickly.
At this time, since the tumble axis 23a (tumble fulcrum) is formed by the robust base 20, the tumble axis 23a can be held even when a buckling load is concentrated on the tumble axis 23a, whereby the tower structure 10 can be toppled in the intended direction, which ensures safety.
In addition, since the robust base 20 serves as a tumble fulcrum by itself, the tower structure 10 can be toppled without the need to reinforce the tumble fulcrum and more simply and quickly than the conventional toppling method which requires a reinforcement of the tumble fulcrum.
Furthermore, as illustrated in
In addition, since the longitudinally cut surface 22a has an oblique cross section which gradually approaches the center-of-gravity C side of the tower structure 10 as it extends from above to below, the tumble axis 23a can be closer to the center of gravity C of the tower structure 10. Therefore, the tower structure 10 can be toppled more easily than a case where the longitudinally cut surface 22a is substantially perpendicular to the substantially horizontal surface 20a.
In addition, since the shortest distance Dac from the center of gravity C of the tower structure 10 to the tumble axis 23a in the substantially horizontal surface 20a is equal to or smaller than ½ of the shortest distance Dsc from the center of gravity C to the side surface portion 26a of the base 20 (26) in the substantially horizontal surface 20a, the tumble axis 23a is located at a position closer to the center of gravity C in the substantially horizontal surface 20a, the center-of-gravity movement distance in the toppling step is reduced, and the tower structure 10 transitions to the natural toppling due to the own weight, immediately. Therefore, the tower structure 10 can be toppled more simply and rapidly with a lower force.
Furthermore, since the toppling step includes a push-up operation by the push-up means 28, the lower base 26 can be used as a reaction force receiving surface as it is by providing the push-up means 28 on the lower base 26, and the tower structure 10 can be toppled by the simple operation of pushing up the bottom surface of the support base portion 23.
In addition, when the tower structure 10 is toppled in the toppling step, the support base portion 23 can drop into a region in which a part (the cut portion 29) of the lower base 26 has been removed, whereby the tower structure 10 can be toppled in the intended direction more securely.
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified in various ways without departing from the gist of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the lower base 26 is completely separated from the support base portion 23, but even after the partially removing step of the lower base, the lower base 26 need not be completely separated from the support base portion 23.
As illustrated in
The strength of the continuous portion 31 is a strength sufficient to break the continuous portion 31 in a process of toppling of the tower structure 10 in the toppling step. Therefore, a tensile force in an up-down direction acts on the continuous portion 31 along with the push-up operation by the push-up means 28 in the toppling step, and the continuous portion 31 breaks as illustrated in
According to the continuous portion 31, since the continuous portion 31 connects between the lower base 26 and the support base portion 23 in an early stage of the toppling step, shifting of the tumble axis 23a (for example, the support base portion 23 is turned in the direction around an axis of the center of gravity C with respect to the lower base 26, or the like) in the early stage of the toppling step can be prevented. In the intermediate stage or later of the toppling step, the continuous portion 31 breaks by the turning of the support base portion 23 around the tumble axis 23a, whereby the tower structure 10 can be toppled. In this way, the tower structure 10 can be toppled in the intended direction more securely.
In the above-described embodiment, the push-up operation by the push-up means 28 causes the support base portion 23 to be turned in the direction of the arrow 100, whereby the tower structure 10 is toppled. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the tower structure 10 may be toppled by another operation.
Then, the support base portion 23 may turned around the tumble axis 23a in a direction in which the longitudinally cut surface 22a of the support base portion 23 approaches the substantially horizontal surface 20a of the lower base 26 by towing the other end of the wire rope 43, to topple the tower structure 10. Note that in a variant example of
A pulling operation using the wire rope 43 and the push-up operation by the push-up means 28 may be used in combination.
Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, a wind turbine for power generation is shown as an example of the tower structure, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The tower structure can be any tower structure having a base. Examples of the tower structure include, a distillation tower 50 (
In addition, the method of toppling the tower structure of the present invention can be also applied to a plurality of tower structures provided on one base. That is, the tumble axes are formed by cutting one base, so that the plurality of tower structures can be toppled together with the one base by turning the plurality of tower structures around the respective tumble axes.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2017/015087 | 4/13/2017 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018/189852 | 10/18/2018 | WO | A |
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| Number | Date | Country |
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| S63-122870 | May 1988 | JP |
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| 4790357 | Oct 2011 | JP |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20200071949 A1 | Mar 2020 | US |
