Patent Grant
11071125
The present invention relates to a wireless communication system and, more particularly, to a method for transmitting or receiving a channel state information-reference signal and an apparatus performing/supporting the same.
Mobile communication systems have been developed to provide voice services, while guaranteeing user activity. Service coverage of mobile communication systems, however, has extended even to data services, as well as voice services, and currently, an explosive increase in traffic has resulted in shortage of resource and user demand for a high speed services, requiring advanced mobile communication systems.
The requirements of the next-generation mobile communication system may include supporting huge data traffic, a remarkable increase in the transfer rate of each user, the accommodation of a significantly increased number of connection devices, very low end-to-end latency, and high energy efficiency. To this end, various techniques, such as small cell enhancement, dual connectivity, massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), in-band full duplex, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), supporting super-wide band, and device networking, have been researched.
An object of the present invention is to propose a method for transmitting or receiving channel state information (CSI).
Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to propose an efficient method for aggregating a smaller number of ports of CSI-RS resources in order to design a larger number of ports of CSI-RS resources.
Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to propose a method for minimizing overhead which may occur when multiple CSI-RS resources are aggregated and used.
Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to propose a CDM application method for achieving the full power transmission of a CSI-RS.
Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to propose an efficient port numbering method for an antenna port to which a CSI-RS resource configured by aggregating legacy CSI-RS resources is mapped in order to share a CSI-RS with a legacy UE.
Technical objects to be achieved in the present invention are not limited to the aforementioned object, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains may evidently understand other technological objects from the following description.
In an aspect of the present invention, a method of receiving a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system includes receiving, from a base station, CSI-RS configuration information regarding a CSI-RS configuration to which the CSI-RS is mapped, wherein the CSI-RS configuration corresponds to an aggregation of a plurality of legacy CSI-RS configurations and the plurality of legacy CSI-RS configurations is mapped to a plurality of antenna ports numbered with corresponding legacy CSI-RS port numbers, and receiving, from the base station, the CSI-RS through the plurality of antenna ports based on the CSI-RS configuration information. When a code division multiplexing (CDM) type of the CSI-RS configuration may be configured as CDM-4, some of the plurality of legacy CSI-RS configurations is shared with a legacy UE. A port numbering method of first antenna ports to which the legacy CSI-RS configuration shared with the legacy UE is mapped may be configured differently from a port numbering method of second antenna ports to which a legacy CSI-RS configuration not shared with the legacy UE is mapped.
Furthermore, the plurality of aggregated legacy CSI-RS configurations may correspond to CSI-RS configurations of the same port number.
Furthermore, the identical port number may correspond to a 4-port or an 8-port.
Furthermore, the port numbering method of the first antenna ports may be a method of sequentially assigning legacy CSI-RS port numbers, corresponding to the shared legacy CSI-RS configuration, to the first antenna ports in ascending powers of configuration numbers assigned for each shared legacy CSI-RS configuration.
Furthermore, the sequentially assigning may mean that the legacy CSI-RS port numbers are sequentially assigned to the first antenna ports in a port group unit having the same polarization among the first antenna ports and in a pre-configured direction within the layout of the first antenna ports.
Furthermore, the pre-configured direction may correspond to a vertical direction.
Furthermore, the port numbering method of the second antenna ports may be a method of mapping the second antenna ports to an antenna port group grouped in the same port number unit in a one-to-one manner for each not-shared legacy CSI-RS configuration/resource, but sequentially assigning the second antenna ports in unit of second antenna port units having the same polarization within an antenna port group in which legacy CSI-RS port numbers corresponding to the respective not-shared legacy CSI-RS configurations/resources are mapped in a one-to-one manner.
Furthermore, the sequentially assigning may mean that the legacy CSI-RS port numbers are assigned to second antenna ports having a first polarization within the one-to-one mapped antenna port group in ascending powers in a pre-configured direction within a layout of the antenna port group and that the remaining legacy CSI-RS port numbers not assigned to second antenna ports having a second polarization different from the first polarization are assigned in ascending powers in a pre-configured direction within the layout of the antenna port group.
Furthermore, the pre-configured direction may correspond to a vertical direction.
Furthermore, a one-to-one mapping relation may be established between the final number of CSI-RS ports sequentially assigned to the plurality of antenna ports in a port group unit having the same polarization for a UE configured with the CSI-RS configuration and the legacy CSI-RS port numbers assigned to the plurality of antenna ports according to the port numbering method for a legacy UE configured with the shared legacy CSI-RS configuration.
Furthermore, the mapping relation between the final number of CSI-RS ports and the legacy CSI-RS port numbers may be represented like Equation 1.
In Equation 1, n may indicate the final number of CSI-RS ports, k may indicate an assigned configuration number per the plurality of legacy CSI-RS configurations, K may indicate a total number of the plurality of legacy CSI-RS configurations, N may indicate the number of ports per the plurality of legacy CSI-RS configuration, p′ may indicate the number of legacy CSI-RS ports mapped to the final number of CSI-RS ports in a one-to-one manner, and J may indicate the number of legacy CSI-RS configurations shared with the legacy UE.
Furthermore, Equation 1 may be limitedly applied if the layout of the plurality of antenna ports to which the CSI-RS configuration is mapped is a 20-port, 28-port and/or 32-port antenna layout in which a size of a column is equal to or greater than a size of a row and/or a 24-port antenna layout in which a size of a row of the layout is 1, 2, 4 or 3.
Furthermore, the method may further include receiving information on the layout of the plurality of antenna ports to which the CSI-RS configuration is mapped, information on the layout of the first antenna ports to which the shared CSI-RS configuration is mapped and/or information on the port numbering method through radio resource control (RRC) signaling.
Furthermore, in another aspect of the present invention, a user equipment (UE) receiving a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) in a wireless communication system includes a radio frequency (RF) unit for transmitting and receiving radio signals and a processor controlling the RF unit. The processor may be configured to receive, from a base station, CSI-RS configuration information regarding a CSI-RS configuration to which the CSI-RS is mapped and receive, from the base station, the CSI-RS through the plurality of antenna ports based on the CSI-RS configuration information. The CSI-RS configuration may correspond to an aggregation of a plurality of legacy CSI-RS configurations and the plurality of legacy CSI-RS configurations is mapped to a plurality of antenna ports numbered with corresponding legacy CSI-RS port numbers. When a code division multiplexing (CDM) type of the CSI-RS configuration is configured as CDM-4, some of the plurality of legacy CSI-RS configurations may be shared with a legacy UE. A port numbering method of first antenna ports to which the legacy CSI-RS configuration shared with the legacy UE is mapped may be configured differently from a port numbering method of second antenna ports to which a legacy CSI-RS configuration not shared with the legacy UE is mapped.
Furthermore, the plurality of aggregated legacy CSI-RS configurations may correspond to the CSI-RS configurations having the same number of ports.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a UE can smoothly derive CSI and feed the CSI back to a base station.
Furthermore, if a CSI-RS pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention is used, there is an effect in that a new and efficient CSI-RS pattern can be derived/used even without greatly using a legacy system because a CSI-RS pattern of a legacy system is reused. Furthermore, there is an effect in that compatibility with a new system and a legacy system can be maintained.
Furthermore, if a CSI-RS pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention is used, there is an effect in that full power transmission is possible in CSI-RS transmission.
Furthermore, if a port numbering method according to an embodiment of the present invention is used, there is an effect in that the re-usage of a CSI-RS resource can be improved because CSI-RS sharing with a legacy UE is made possible.
Effects which may be obtained in the present invention are not limited to the aforementioned effects, and various other effects may be evidently understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains from the following description.
The accompanying drawings, which are included herein as a part of the description for help understanding the present invention, provide embodiments of the present invention, and describe the technical features of the present invention with the description below.
Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. A detailed description to be disclosed along with the accompanying drawings are intended to describe some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to describe a sole embodiment of the present invention. The following detailed description includes more details in order to provide full understanding of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention may be implemented without such more details.
In some cases, in order to avoid that the concept of the present invention becomes vague, known structures and devices are omitted or may be shown in a block diagram form based on the core functions of each structure and device.
In this specification, a base station has the meaning of a terminal node of a network over which the base station directly communicates with a device. In this document, a specific operation that is described to be performed by a base station may be performed by an upper node of the base station according to circumstances. That is, it is evident that in a network including a plurality of network nodes including a base station, various operations performed for communication with a device may be performed by the base station or other network nodes other than the base station. The base station (BS) may be substituted with another term, such as a fixed station, a Node B, an eNB (evolved-NodeB), a Base Transceiver System (BTS), or an access point (AP). Furthermore, the device may be fixed or may have mobility and may be substituted with another term, such as User Equipment (UE), a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), a Wireless Terminal (WT), a Machine-Type Communication (MTC) device, a Machine-to-Machine (M2M) device, or a Device-to-Device (D2D) device.
Hereinafter, downlink (DL) means communication from an eNB to UE, and uplink (UL) means communication from UE to an eNB. In DL, a transmitter may be part of an eNB, and a receiver may be part of UE. In UL, a transmitter may be part of UE, and a receiver may be part of an eNB.
Specific terms used in the following description have been provided to help understanding of the present invention, and the use of such specific terms may be changed in various forms without departing from the technical sprit of the present invention.
The following technologies may be used in a variety of wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), and Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA). CDMA may be implemented using a radio technology, such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA may be implemented using a radio technology, such as Global System for Mobile communications (GSM)/General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)/Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA may be implemented using a radio technology, such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, or Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). UTRA is part of a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of an Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), and it adopts OFDMA in downlink and adopts SC-FDMA in uplink. LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) is the evolution of 3GPP LTE.
Embodiments of the present invention may be supported by the standard documents disclosed in at least one of IEEE 802, 3GPP, and 3GPP2, that is, radio access systems. That is, steps or portions that belong to the embodiments of the present invention and that are not described in order to clearly expose the technical spirit of the present invention may be supported by the documents. Furthermore, all terms disclosed in this document may be described by the standard documents.
In order to more clarify a description, 3GPP LTE/LTE-A is chiefly described, but the technical characteristics of the present invention are not limited thereto.
General System to which the Present Invention May be Applied
3GPP LTE/LTE-A support a radio frame structure type 1 which may be applicable to Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and a radio frame structure which may be applicable to Time Division Duplex (TDD).
The size of a radio frame in the time domain is represented as a multiple of a time unit of T_s=1/(15000*2048). A UL and DL transmission includes the radio frame having a duration of T_f=307200*T_s=10 ms.
A radio frame includes 10 subframes. A radio frame includes 20 slots of T_slot=15360*T_s=0.5 ms length, and 0 to 19 indexes are given to each of the slots. One subframe includes consecutive two slots in the time domain, and subframe i includes slot 2i and slot 2i+1. The time required for transmitting a subframe is referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). For example, the length of the subframe i may be 1 ms and the length of a slot may be 0.5 ms.
A UL transmission and a DL transmission I the FDD are distinguished in the frequency domain. Whereas there is no restriction in the full duplex FDD, a UE may not transmit and receive simultaneously in the half duplex FDD operation.
One slot includes a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in the time domain and includes a plurality of Resource Blocks (RBs) in a frequency domain. In 3GPP LTE, OFDM symbols are used to represent one symbol period because OFDMA is used in downlink. An OFDM symbol may be called one SC-FDMA symbol or symbol period. An RB is a resource allocation unit and includes a plurality of contiguous subcarriers in one slot.
A type 2 radio frame includes two half frame of 153600*T_s=5 ms length each. Each half frame includes 5 subframes of 30720*T_s=1 ms length.
In the frame structure type 2 of a TDD system, an uplink-downlink configuration is a rule indicating whether uplink and downlink are allocated (or reserved) to all subframes.
Table 1 shows the uplink-downlink configuration.
Referring to Table 1, in each subframe of the radio frame, ‘D’ represents a subframe for a DL transmission, ‘U’ represents a subframe for UL transmission, and ‘S’ represents a special subframe including three types of fields including a Downlink Pilot Time Slot (DwPTS), a Guard Period (GP), and a Uplink Pilot Time Slot (UpPTS).
A DwPTS is used for an initial cell search, synchronization or channel estimation in a UE. A UpPTS is used for channel estimation in an eNB and for synchronizing a UL transmission synchronization of a UE. A GP is duration for removing interference occurred in a UL owing to multi-path delay of a DL signal between a UL and a DL.
Each subframe i includes slot 2i and slot 2i+1 of T_slot=15360*T_s=0.5 ms.
The UL-DL configuration may be classified into 7 types, and the position and/or the number of a DL subframe, a special subframe and a UL subframe are different for each configuration.
Table 2 represents configuration (length of DwPTS/GP/UpPTS) of a special subframe.
The structure of a radio subframe according to the example of
Referring to
Each element on the resource grid is referred to as a resource element, and one resource block (RB) includes 12×7 resource elements. The number of RBs N{circumflex over ( )}DL included in a downlink slot depends on a downlink transmission bandwidth.
The structure of an uplink slot may be the same as that of a downlink slot.
Referring to
A PCFICH is transmitted in the first OFDM symbol of a subframe and carries information about the number of OFDM symbols (i.e., the size of a control region) which is used to transmit control channels within the subframe. A PHICH is a response channel for uplink and carries an acknowledgement (ACK)/not-acknowledgement (NACK) signal for a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ). Control information transmitted in a PDCCH is called Downlink Control Information (DCI). DCI includes uplink resource allocation information, downlink resource allocation information, or an uplink transmission (Tx) power control command for a specific UE group.
Referring to
A Resource Block (RB) pair is allocated to a PUCCH for one UE within a subframe. RBs belonging to an RB pair occupy different subcarriers in each of 2 slots. This is called that an RB pair allocated to a PUCCH is frequency-hopped in a slot boundary.
Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO)
A MIMO technology does not use single transmission antenna and single reception antenna that have been commonly used so far, but uses a multi-transmission (Tx) antenna and a multi-reception (Rx) antenna. In other words, the MIMO technology is a technology for increasing a capacity or enhancing performance using multi-input/output antennas in the transmission end or reception end of a wireless communication system. Hereinafter, MIMO is called a “multi-input/output antenna.”.
More specifically, the multi-input/output antenna technology does not depend on a single antenna path in order to receive a single total message and completes total data by collecting a plurality of data pieces received through several antennas. As a result, the multi-input/output antenna technology can increase a data transfer rate within a specific system range and can also increase a system range through a specific data transfer rate.
It is expected that an efficient multi-input/output antenna technology will be used because next-generation mobile communication requires a data transfer rate much higher than that of existing mobile communication. In such a situation, the MIMO communication technology is a next-generation mobile communication technology which may be widely used in mobile communication UE and a relay node and has been in the spotlight as a technology which may overcome a limit to the transfer rate of another mobile communication attributable to the expansion of data communication.
Meanwhile, the multi-input/output antenna (MIMO) technology of various transmission efficiency improvement technologies that are being developed has been most in the spotlight as a method capable of significantly improving a communication capacity and transmission/reception performance even without the allocation of additional frequencies or a power increase.
Referring to
Ri=min(NT,NR) [Equation 1]
That is, in an MIMO communication system using 4 transmission antennas and 4 reception antennas, for example, a quadruple transfer rate can be obtained theoretically compared to a single antenna system.
Such a multi-input/output antenna technology may be divided into a spatial diversity method for increasing transmission reliability using symbols passing through various channel paths and a spatial multiplexing method for improving a transfer rate by sending a plurality of data symbols at the same time using a plurality of transmission antennas. Furthermore, active research is being recently carried out on a method for properly obtaining the advantages of the two methods by combining the two methods.
Each of the methods is described in more detail below.
First, the spatial diversity method includes a space-time block code-series method and a space-time Trelis code-series method using a diversity gain and a coding gain at the same time. In general, the Trelis code-series method is better in terms of bit error rate improvement performance and the degree of a code generation freedom, whereas the space-time block code-series method has low operational complexity. Such a spatial diversity gain may correspond to an amount corresponding to the product (N_T×N_R) of the number of transmission antennas (N_T) and the number of reception antennas (N_R).
Second, the spatial multiplexing scheme is a method for sending different data streams in transmission antennas. In this case, in a receiver, mutual interference is generated between data transmitted by a transmitter at the same time. The receiver removes the interference using a proper signal processing scheme and receives the data. A noise removal method used in this case may include a Maximum Likelihood Detection (MLD) receiver, a Zero-Forcing (ZF) receiver, a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) receiver, Diagonal-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time (D-BLAST), and Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time (V-BLAST). In particular, if a transmission end can be aware of channel information, a Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method may be used.
Third, there is a method using a combination of a spatial diversity and spatial multiplexing. If only a spatial diversity gain is to be obtained, a performance improvement gain according to an increase of a diversity disparity is gradually saturated. If only a spatial multiplexing gain is used, transmission reliability in a radio channel is deteriorated. Methods for solving the problems and obtaining the two gains have been researched and may include a double space-time transmit diversity (double-STTD) method and a space-time bit interleaved coded modulation (STBICM).
In order to describe a communication method in a multi-input/output antenna system, such as that described above, in more detail, the communication method may be represented as follows through mathematical modeling.
First, as shown in
First, a transmission signal is described below. If the N_T transmission antennas are present as described above, a maximum number of pieces of information which can be transmitted are N_T, which may be represented using the following vector.
s=[s1,s2, . . . ,sN
Meanwhile, transmission power may be different in each of pieces of transmission information s_1, s_2, . . . , s_NT. In this case, if pieces of transmission power are P_1, P_2, . . . , P_NT, transmission information having controlled transmission power may be represented using the following vector.
ŝ=[ŝ1,ŝ2, . . . ,ŝN
Furthermore, transmission information having controlled transmission power in the Equation 3 may be represented as follows using the diagonal matrix P of transmission power.
Meanwhile, the information vector having controlled transmission power in the Equation 4 is multiplied by a weight matrix W, thus forming N_T transmission signals x_1, x_2, . . . , x_NT that are actually transmitted. In this case, the weight matrix functions to properly distribute the transmission information to antennas according to a transport channel condition. The following may be represented using the transmission signals x_1, x_2, . . . , x_NT.
In this case, w_ij denotes weight between the i-th transmission antenna and the j-th transmission information, and W is an expression of a matrix of the weight. Such a matrix W is called a weight matrix or precoding matrix.
Meanwhile, the transmission signal x, such as that described above, may be considered to be used in a case where a spatial diversity is used and a case where spatial multiplexing is used.
If spatial multiplexing is used, all the elements of the information vector s have different values because different signals are multiplexed and transmitted. In contrast, if the spatial diversity is used, all the elements of the information vector s have the same value because the same signals are transmitted through several channel paths.
A method of mixing spatial multiplexing and the spatial diversity may be taken into consideration. In other words, the same signals may be transmitted using the spatial diversity through 3 transmission antennas, for example, and the remaining different signals may be spatially multiplexed and transmitted.
If N_R reception antennas are present, the reception signals y_1, y_2, . . . , y_NR of the respective antennas are represented as follows using a vector y.
y=[y1,y2, . . . ,yN
Meanwhile, if channels in a multi-input/output antenna communication system are modeled, the channels may be classified according to transmission/reception antenna indices. A channel passing through a reception antenna i from a transmission antenna j is represented as h_ij. In this case, it is to be noted that in order of the index of h_ij, the index of a reception antenna comes first and the index of a transmission antenna then comes.
Several channels may be grouped and expressed in a vector and matrix form. For example, a vector expression is described below.
As shown in
hiT=[hi1,hi2, . . . ,hiN
Furthermore, if all channels from the N_T transmission antenna to NR reception antennas are represented through a matrix expression, such as Equation 7, they may be represented as follows.
Meanwhile, Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) is added to an actual channel after the actual channel experiences the channel matrix H. Accordingly, AWGN n_1, n_2, . . . , n_NR added to the N_R reception antennas, respectively, are represented using a vector as follows.
n=[n1,n2, . . . ,nNR]T [Equation 9]
A transmission signal, a reception signal, a channel, and AWGN in a multi-input/output antenna communication system may be represented to have the following relationship through the modeling of the transmission signal, reception signal, channel, and AWGN, such as those described above.
Meanwhile, the number of rows and columns of the channel matrix H indicative of the state of channels is determined by the number of transmission/reception antennas. In the channel matrix H, as described above, the number of rows becomes equal to the number of reception antennas N_R, and the number of columns becomes equal to the number of transmission antennas N_T. That is, the channel matrix H becomes an N_R×N_T matrix.
In general, the rank of a matrix is defined as a minimum number of the number of independent rows or columns. Accordingly, the rank of the matrix is not greater than the number of rows or columns. As for figural style, for example, the rank H of the channel matrix H is limited as follows.
rank(H)≤min(NT,NR) [Equation 11]
Furthermore, if a matrix is subjected to Eigen value decomposition, a rank may be defined as the number of Eigen values that belong to Eigen values and that are not 0. Likewise, if a rank is subjected to Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), it may be defined as the number of singular values other than 0. Accordingly, the physical meaning of a rank in a channel matrix may be said to be a maximum number on which different information may be transmitted in a given channel.
In this specification, a “rank” for MIMO transmission indicates the number of paths through which signals may be independently transmitted at a specific point of time and a specific frequency resource. The “number of layers” indicates the number of signal streams transmitted through each path. In general, a rank has the same meaning as the number of layers unless otherwise described because a transmission end sends the number of layers corresponding to the number of ranks used in signal transmission.
Reference Signal (RS)
In a wireless communication system, a signal may be distorted during transmission because data is transmitted through a radio channel. In order for a reception end to accurately receive a distorted signal, the distortion of a received signal needs to be corrected using channel information. In order to detect channel information, a method of detecting channel information using the degree of the distortion of a signal transmission method and a signal known to both the transmission side and the reception side when they are transmitted through a channel is chiefly used. The aforementioned signal is called a pilot signal or reference signal (RS).
Furthermore recently, when most of mobile communication systems transmit a packet, they use a method capable of improving transmission/reception data efficiency by adopting multiple transmission antennas and multiple reception antennas instead of using one transmission antenna and one reception antenna used so far. When data is transmitted and received using multiple input/output antennas, a channel state between the transmission antenna and the reception antenna must be detected in order to accurately receive the signal. Accordingly, each transmission antenna must have an individual reference signal.
In a mobile communication system, an RS may be basically divided into two types depending on its object. There are an RS having an object of obtaining channel state information and an RS used for data demodulation. The former has an object of obtaining, by a UE, to obtain channel state information in the downlink. Accordingly, a corresponding RS must be transmitted in a wideband, and a UE must be capable of receiving and measuring the RS although the UE does not receive downlink data in a specific subframe. Furthermore, the former is also used for radio resources management (RRM) measurement, such as handover. The latter is an RS transmitted along with corresponding resources when an eNB transmits the downlink. A UE may perform channel estimation by receiving a corresponding RS and thus may demodulate data. The corresponding RS must be transmitted in a region in which data is transmitted.
A downlink RS includes one common RS (CRS) for the acquisition of information about a channel state shared by all of UEs within a cell and measurement, such as handover, and a dedicated RS (DRS) used for data demodulation for only a specific UE. Information for demodulation and channel measurement can be provided using such RSs. That is, the DRS is used for only data demodulation, and the CRS is used for the two objects of channel information acquisition and data demodulation.
The reception side (i.e., UE) measures a channel state based on a CRS and feeds an indicator related to channel quality, such as a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix index (PMI) and/or a rank indicator (RI), back to the transmission side (i.e., an eNB). The CRS is also called a cell-specific RS. In contrast, a reference signal related to the feedback of channel state information (CSI) may be defined as a CSI-RS.
The DRS may be transmitted through resource elements if data on a PDSCH needs to be demodulated. A UE may receive information about whether a DRS is present through a higher layer, and the DRS is valid only if a corresponding PDSCH has been mapped. The DRS may also be called a UE-specific RS or demodulation RS (DMRS).
Referring to
If an eNB uses a single transmission antenna, reference signals for a single antenna port are arrayed.
If an eNB uses two transmission antennas, reference signals for two transmission antenna ports are arrayed using a time division multiplexing (TDM) scheme and/or a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) scheme. That is, different time resources and/or different frequency resources are allocated in order to distinguish between reference signals for two antenna ports.
Furthermore, if an eNB uses four transmission antennas, reference signals for four transmission antenna ports are arrayed using the TDM and/or FDM schemes. Channel information measured by the reception side (i.e., UE) of a downlink signal may be used to demodulate data transmitted using a transmission scheme, such as single transmission antenna transmission, transmission diversity, closed-loop spatial multiplexing, open-loop spatial multiplexing or a multi-user-multi-input/output (MIMO) antenna.
If a multi-input multi-output antenna is supported, when a RS is transmitted by a specific antenna port, the RS is transmitted in the locations of resource elements specified depending on a pattern of the RS and is not transmitted in the locations of resource elements specified for other antenna ports. That is, RSs between different antennas do not overlap.
In an LTE-A system, that is, an advanced and developed form of the LTE system, the design is necessary to support a maximum of eight transmission antennas in the downlink of an eNB. Accordingly, RSs for the maximum of eight transmission antennas must be also supported. In the LTE system, only downlink RSs for a maximum of four antenna ports has been defined. Accordingly, if an eNB has four to a maximum of eight downlink transmission antennas in the LTE-A system, RSs for these antenna ports must be additionally defined and designed. Regarding the RSs for the maximum of eight transmission antenna ports, the aforementioned RS for channel measurement and the aforementioned RS for data demodulation must be designed.
One of important factors that must be considered in designing an LTE-A system is backward compatibility, that is, that an LTE UE must well operate even in the LTE-A system, which must be supported by the system. From an RS transmission viewpoint, in the time-frequency domain in which a CRS defined in LTE is transmitted in a full band every subframe, RSs for a maximum of eight transmission antenna ports must be additionally defined. In the LTE-A system, if an RS pattern for a maximum of eight transmission antennas is added in a full band every subframe using the same method as the CRS of the existing LTE, RS overhead is excessively increased.
Accordingly, the RS newly designed in the LTE-A system is basically divided into two types, which include an RS having a channel measurement object for the selection of MCS or a PMI (channel state information-RS or channel state indication-RS (CSI-RS)) and an RS for the demodulation of data transmitted through eight transmission antennas (data demodulation-RS (DM-RS)).
The CSI-RS for the channel measurement object is characterized in that it is designed for an object focused on channel measurement unlike the existing CRS used for objects for measurement, such as channel measurement and handover, and for data demodulation. Furthermore, the CSI-RS may also be used for an object for measurement, such as handover. The CSI-RS does not need to be transmitted every subframe unlike the CRS because it is transmitted for an object of obtaining information about a channel state. In order to reduce overhead of a CSI-RS, the CSI-RS is intermittently transmitted on the time axis.
In the LTE-A system, a maximum of eight transmission antennas are supported in the downlink of an eNB. In the LTE-A system, if RSs for a maximum of eight transmission antennas are transmitted in a full band every subframe using the same method as the CRS in the existing LTE, RS overhead is excessively increased. Accordingly, in the LTE-A system, an RS has been separated into the CSI-RS of the CSI measurement object for the selection of MCS or a PMI and the DM-RS for data demodulation, and thus the two RSs have been added. The CSI-RS may also be used for an object, such as RRM measurement, but has been designed for a main object for the acquisition of CSI. The CSI-RS does not need to be transmitted every subframe because it is not used for data demodulation. Accordingly, in order to reduce overhead of the CSI-RS, the CSI-RS is intermittently transmitted on the time axis. That is, the CSI-RS has a period corresponding to a multiple of the integer of one subframe and may be periodically transmitted or transmitted in a specific transmission pattern. In this case, the period or pattern in which the CSI-RS is transmitted may be set by an eNB.
In order to measure a CSI-RS, a UE must be aware of information about the transmission subframe index of the CSI-RS for each CSI-RS antenna port of a cell to which the UE belongs, the location of a CSI-RS resource element (RE) time-frequency within a transmission subframe, and a CSI-RS sequence.
In the LTE-A system, an eNB has to transmit a CSI-RS for each of a maximum of eight antenna ports. Resources used for the CSI-RS transmission of different antenna ports must be orthogonal. When one eNB transmits CSI-RSs for different antenna ports, it may orthogonally allocate the resources according to the FDM/TDM scheme by mapping the CSI-RSs for the respective antenna ports to different REs. Alternatively, the CSI-RSs for different antenna ports may be transmitted according to the CDM scheme for mapping the CSI-RSs to pieces of code orthogonal to each other.
When an eNB notifies a UE belonging to the eNB of information on a CSI-RS, first, the eNB must notify the UE of information about a time-frequency in which a CSI-RS for each antenna port is mapped. Specifically, the information includes subframe numbers in which the CSI-RS is transmitted or a period in which the CSI-RS is transmitted, a subframe offset in which the CSI-RS is transmitted, an OFDM symbol number in which the CSI-RS RE of a specific antenna is transmitted, frequency spacing, and the offset or shift value of an RE in the frequency axis.
A CSI-RS is transmitted through one, two, four or eight antenna ports. Antenna ports used in this case are p=15, p=15, 16, p=15, . . . , 18, and p=15, . . . , 22, respectively. A CSI-RS may be defined for only a subcarrier interval Δf=15 kHz.
In a subframe configured for CSI-RS transmission, a CSI-RS sequence is mapped to a complex-valued modulation symbol a_k,l{circumflex over ( )}(p) used as a reference symbol on each antenna port p as in Equation 12.
In Equation 12, (k′,l′) (wherein k′ is a subcarrier index within a resource block and l′ indicates an OFDM symbol index within a slot.) and the condition of n_s is determined depending on a CSI-RS configuration, such as Table 3 or Table 4.
Table 3 illustrates the mapping of (k′,l′) from a CSI-RS configuration in a normal CP.
Table 4 illustrates the mapping of (k′,l′) from a CSI-RS configuration in an extended CP.
Referring to Table 3 and Table 4, in the transmission of a CSI-RS, in order to reduce inter-cell interference (ICI) in a multi-cell environment including a heterogeneous network (HetNet) environment, a maximum of 32 different configurations (in the case of a normal CP) or a maximum of 28 different configurations (in the case of an extended CP) are defined.
The CSI-RS configuration is different depending on the number of antenna ports and a CP within a cell, and a neighboring cell may have a maximum of different configurations. Furthermore, the CSI-RS configuration may be divided into a case where it is applied to both an FDD frame and a TDD frame and a case where it is applied to only a TDD frame depending on a frame structure.
(k′,l′) and n_s are determined depending on a CSI-RS configuration based on Table 3 and Table 4, and time-frequency resources used for CSI-RS transmission are determined depending on each CSI-RS antenna port.
As described above, radio resources (i.e., an RE pair) in which a CSI-RS is transmitted are determined depending on each CSI-RS configuration.
If one or two antenna ports are configured for CSI-RS transmission with respect to a specific cell, the CSI-RS is transmitted on radio resources on a configured CSI-RS configuration of the twenty types of CSI-RS configurations shown in
Likewise, when four antenna ports are configured for CSI-RS transmission with respect to a specific cell, a CSI-RS is transmitted on radio resources on a configured CSI-RS configuration of the ten types of CSI-RS configurations shown in
A CSI-RS for each antenna port is subjected to CDM(Code Division Multiplexing) for every two antenna ports (i.e., {15,16}, {17,18}, {19,20} and {21,22}) on the same radio resources and transmitted. For example, in the case of antenna ports 15 and 16, CSI-RS complex symbols for the respective antenna ports 15 and 16 are the same, but are multiplied by different types of orthogonal code (e.g., Walsh code) and mapped to the same radio resources. The complex symbol of the CSI-RS for the antenna port 15 is multiplied by and the complex symbol of the CSI-RS for the antenna port 16 is multiplied by 1-11 and mapped to the same radio resources. The same is true of the antenna ports {17,18}, {19,20} and {21,22}.
A UE may detect a CSI-RS for a specific antenna port by multiplying code by which a transmitted symbol has been multiplied. That is, a transmitted symbol is multiplied by the code 11 multiplied in order to detect the CSI-RS for the antenna port 15, and a transmitted symbol is multiplied by the code [1 −1] multiplied in order to detect the CSI-RS for the antenna port 16.
Referring to
Particularly,
In this manner, radio resources (i.e., RE pairs) for CSI-RS transmission are determined depending on each CSI-RS configuration.
When one or two antenna ports are set for CSI-RS transmission for a specific cell, CSI-RSs are transmitted on radio resources according to a set CSI-RS configuration among the 16 CSI-RS configurations shown in
Similarly, when 4 antenna ports are set for CSI-RS transmission for a specific cell, CSI-RSs are transmitted on radio resources according to a set CSI-RS configuration among the 8 CSI-RS configurations shown in
For each bit set to 1 in a zero-power (ZP) CSI-RS (′ZeroPowerCSI-RS) that is a bitmap of 16 bits configured by a high layer, a UE assumes zero transmission power in REs (except a case where an RE overlaps an RE assuming a NZP CSI-RS configured by a high layer) corresponding to the four CSI-RS columns of Table 3 and Table 4. The most significant bit (MSB) corresponds to the lowest CSI-RS configuration index, and next bits in the bitmap sequentially correspond to next CSI-RS configuration indices.
A CSI-RS is transmitted only in a downlink slot that satisfies the condition of (n_s mod 2) in Table 3 and Table 4 and a subframe that satisfies the CSI-RS subframe configurations.
In the case of the frame structure type 2 (TDD), a CSI-RS is not transmitted in a special subframe, a synchronization signal (SS), a subframe colliding against a PBCH or SystemInformationBlockType1 (SIB 1) Message transmission or a subframe configured to paging message transmission.
Furthermore, an RE in which a CSI-RS for any antenna port belonging to an antenna port set S (S={15}, S={15,16}, S={17,18}, S={19,20} or S={21,22}) is transmitted is not used for the transmission of a PDSCH or for the CSI-RS transmission of another antenna port.
Time-frequency resources used for CSI-RS transmission cannot be used for data transmission. Accordingly, data throughput is reduced as CSI-RS overhead is increased. By considering this, a CSI-RS is not configured to be transmitted every subframe, but is configured to be transmitted in each transmission period corresponding to a plurality of subframes. In this case, CSI-RS transmission overhead can be significantly reduced compared to a case where a CSI-RS is transmitted every subframe.
A subframe period (hereinafter referred to as a “CSI transmission period”) T_CSI-RS and a subframe offset Δ_CSI-RS for CSI-RS transmission are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 illustrates CSI-RS subframe configurations.
Referring to Table 5, CSI-RS periodicity TCSI-RS and a subframe offset ΔCSI-RS are determined depending on CSI-RS subframe configuration ICSI-RS.
The CSI-RS subframe configuration in Table 5 may be set to one of the aforementioned ‘SubframeConfig’ field and ‘zeroTxPowerSubframeConfig’ field. The CSI-RS subframe configuration may be separately set for an NZP CSI-RS and a ZP CSI-RS.
A subframe including a CSI-RS satisfies Equation 13.
(10nf+└ns/2┘−ΔCSI-RS)mod TCSI-RS=0 [Equation 13]
In Equation 13, TCSI-RS indicates CSI-RS periodicity, ΔCSI-RS indicates a subframe offset value, of denotes a system frame number, and ns denotes a slot number.
In the case of a UE for which transmission mode 9 is set with respect to a serving cell, a single CSI-RS resource configuration may be set for the UE. In the case of a UE for which transmission mode 10 is set with respect to the serving cell, one or more CSI-RS resource configurations may be set for the UE.
CSI-RS Configuration
The current LTE standard includes antennaPortsCount, subframeConfig, resourceConfig, etc. as parameters regarding a CSI-RS configuration. Such parameters indicate that a CSI-RS is transmitted in how many antenna ports, the cycle and offset of a subframe in which a CSI-RS is to be transmitted, and that a CSI-RS is transmitted at which RE location (e.g., frequency and OFDM symbol index) of a corresponding subframe. Specifically, an eNB transmits the following contents of parameters/information when it indicates/delivers a specific CSI-RS configuration to a UE.
Massive MIMO
A MIMO system having a plurality of antennas may be called a massive MIMO system and attracts attention as a means for improving spectral efficiency, energy efficiency and processing complexity.
Recently, the massive MIMO system has been discussed in order to meet requirements for spectral efficiency of future mobile communication systems in 3GPP. Massive MIMO is also called full-dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO).
LTE release-12 and following wireless communication systems consider introduction of an active antenna system (AAS).
Distinguished from conventional passive antenna systems in which an amplifier capable of adjusting the phase and magnitude of a signal is separated from an antenna, the AAS is configured in such a manner that each antenna includes an active element such as an amplifier.
The AAS does not require additional cables, connectors and hardware for connecting amplifiers and antennas and thus has high energy efficiency and low operation costs. Particularly, the AAS supports electronic beam control per antenna and thus can realize enhanced MIMO for forming accurate beam patterns in consideration of a beam direction and a beam width or 3D beam patterns.
With the introduction of enhanced antenna systems such as the AAS, massive MIMO having a plurality of input/output antennas and a multi-dimensional antenna structure is also considered. For example, when a 2D antenna array instead of a conventional linear antenna array is formed, a 3D beam pattern can be formed using active antennas of the AAS.
When the aforementioned 2D antenna array is used, radio waves can be controlled in both the vertical direction (elevation) and the horizontal direction (azimuth) to control transmitted beams in a 3D space. A wavelength control mechanism of this type may be referred to as 3D beamforming.
From the viewpoint of transmission antennas, quasi-static or dynamic beam formation in the vertical direction as well as the horizontal direction of beams can be performed when a 3D beam pattern is used. For example, application such as sector formation in the vertical direction may be considered.
From the viewpoint of reception antennas, a signal power increase effect according to an antenna array gain can be expected when a received beam is formed using a massive reception antenna. Accordingly, in the case of uplink, an eNB can receive signals transmitted from a UE through a plurality of antennas, and the UE can set transmission power thereof to a very low level in consideration of the gain of the massive reception antenna.
2D planar antenna array model considering polarization may be schematized as shown in
Distinguished from conventional MIMO systems using passive antennas, systems based on active antennas can dynamically control gains of antenna elements by applying a weight to an active element (e.g., amplifier) attached to (or included in) each antenna element. Since a radiation pattern depends on antenna arrangement such as the number of antenna elements and antenna spacing, an antenna system can be modeled at an antenna element level.
The antenna arrangement model as shown in
M indicates the number of antenna elements having the same polarization in each column (i e., in the vertical direction) (i.e., the number of antenna elements having +45° slant in each column or the number of antenna elements having −45° slant in each column).
N indicates the number of columns in the horizontal direction (i.e., the number of antenna elements in the horizontal direction).
P indicates the number of dimensions of polarization. P=2 in the case of cross polarization as shown in
An antenna port may be mapped to a physical antenna element. The antenna port may be defined by a reference signal associated therewith. For example, antenna port 0 may be associated with a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) and antenna port 6 may be associated with a positioning reference signal (PRS) in the LTE system.
For example, antenna ports and physical antenna elements may be one-to-one mapped. This may correspond to a case in which a single cross-polarization antenna element is used for downlink MIMO or downlink transmit diversity. For example, antenna port 0 may be mapped to a single physical antenna element, whereas antenna port 1 may be mapped to another physical antenna element. In this case, two downlink transmissions are present in terms of a UE. One is associated with a reference signal for antenna port 0 and the other is associated with a reference signal for antenna port 1.
Alternatively, a single antenna port may be mapped to multiple physical antenna elements. This may correspond to a case in which a single antenna port is used for beamforming. Beamforming can cause downlink transmission to be directed to a specific UE by using multiple physical antenna elements. This can be accomplished using an antenna array composed of multiple columns of multiple cross-polarization antenna elements in general. In this case, a single downlink transmission derived from a single antenna port is present in terms of a UE. One is associated with a CRS for antenna port 0 and the other is associated with a CRS for antenna port 1.
That is, an antenna port represents downlink transmission in terms of a UE rather than substantial downlink transmission from a physical antenna element in an eNB.
Alternatively, a plurality of antenna ports may be used for downlink transmission and each antenna port may be multiple physical antenna ports. This may correspond to a case in which antenna arrangement is used for downlink MIMO or downlink diversity. For example, antenna port 0 may be mapped to multiple physical antenna ports and antenna port 1 may be mapped to multiple physical antenna ports. In this case, two downlink transmissions are present in terms of a UE. One is associated with a reference signal for antenna port 0 and the other is associated with a reference signal for antenna port 1.
In FD-MIMO, MIMO precoding of a data stream may be subjected to antenna port virtualization, transceiver unit (TXRU) virtualization and an antenna element pattern.
In antenna port virtualization, a stream on an antenna port is precoded on TXRU. In TXRU virtualization, a TXRU signal is precoded on an antenna element. In the antenna element pattern, a signal radiated from an antenna element may have a directional gain pattern.
In conventional transceiver modeling, static one-to-on mapping between an antenna port and TXRU is assumed and TXRU virtualization effect is integrated into a (TXRU) antenna pattern including both the effects of the TXRU virtualization and antenna element pattern.
Antenna port virtualization may be performed through a frequency-selective method. In LTE, an antenna port is defined along with a reference signal (or pilot). For example, for transmission of data precoded on an antenna port, a DMRS is transmitted in the same bandwidth as that for a data signal and both the DMRS and the data signal are precoded through the same precoder (or the same TXRU virtualization precoding). For CSI measurement, a CSI-RS is transmitted through multiple antenna ports. In CSI-RS transmission, a precoder which characterizes mapping between a CSI-RS port and TXRU may be designed as an eigen matrix such that a UE can estimate a TXRU virtualization precoding matrix for a data precoding vector.
1D TXRU virtualization and 2D TXRU virtualization are discussed as TXRU virtualization methods, which will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In 1D TXRU virtualization, M_TXRU TXRUs are associated with M antenna elements in a single-column antenna arrangement having the same polarization.
In 2D TXRU virtualization, a TXRU model corresponding to the antenna arrangement model (M, N, P) of
TXRU virtualization models may be divided into TXRU virtualization model option-1: sub-array partition model as shown in
Referring to
Referring to
In
Here, mapping between antenna ports and TXRUs may be 1-to-1 or 1-to-many mapping.
Channel-State Information (CSI)-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) Definition
A UE may be configured with a single CSI-RS resource configuration with respect to a serving cell and UE in which the transmission mode 9 has been configured. A UE may be configured with one or more CSI-RS resource configuration(s) with respect to a serving cell and UE in which the transmission mode 10 has been configured. The following parameters for a UE that needs to assume non-zero transmit power for a CSI-RS are configured through higher layer signaling for each CSI-RS resource configuration:
P_c is an estimated ratio of PDSCH EPRE to CSI-RS energy per resource element (EPRE) when a UE derives CSI feedback and takes a value within a [−8, 15]dB range as 1 dB step size. In this case, the PDSCH EPRE corresponds to the number of symbols to the ratio of a PDSCH EPRE for a cell-related RS EPRE.
A UE does not expect a configuration of a CSI-RS and PMCH within the same subframe of a serving cell.
In the case of a frame structure type 2 serving cell and 4 CRS ports, a UE does not expect to receive a CSI-RS configuration index belonging to a [20-31] set in the case of a normal CP or a CSI-RS configuration index belonging to a [16-27] set in the case of an extended CP.
A UE may assume that the CSI-RS antenna ports of a CSI-RS resource configuration are QCLed with respect to delay spread, Doppler spread, Doppler shift, an average gain and average delay.
A UE in which the transmission mode 10 and QCL Type B have been configured may assume antenna ports 0-3 associated with qcl-CRS-Info-r11 corresponding to a CSI-RS resource configuration, and may assume that antenna ports 15-22 corresponding to a CSI-RS resource configuration has been QCLed with respect to Doppler shift and Doppler spread.
If the transmission mode 10 and a higher layer parameter CSI-Reporting-Type are configured in a UE, CSI-Reporting-Type is configured as “CLASS B”, and the number of CSI-RS resources configured for a CSI process is one or more, and QCL type B has been configured, a UE does not expect to receive a CSI-RS resource configuration for a CSI process having a value different from a higher layer parameter qcl-CRS-Info-r11.
In a subframe constructed/configured for CSI-RS transmission, a reference signal sequence rl,n
If CDMType does not correspond to CDM4, mapping according to Equation 14 may be performed.
If CDMType corresponds to CDM4, mapping according to Equation 15 may be performed.
wp′(i) in Equation 15 is determined by Table 6. Table 6 shows a sequence wp′(i) for CDM 4.
Channel State Information Transmission/Reception Method
In a massive MIMO system using a 2D-AAS, CSI-RS patterns for a large number of RS ports need to be supported/designed in order for a UE to acquire CSI and report the same to an eNB. Typically, the legacy system supports 1-port, 2-port, 4-port and 8-port CSI-RS patterns and Rel. 13 supports 12-port and 16-port patterns realized by aggregating conventional 4-port and/or 8-port CSI-RS patterns. To achieve higher spectral efficiency in the future, it is necessary to consider new CSI-RS patterns for a larger number of ports (e.g., 20 ports, 24 ports, 28 ports, 32 ports, 64 ports and the like) and method of configuring the same.
This is because, when a Q-port CSI-RS pattern (e.g., Q≤MNP) is configured for a UE in order to support effective (closed-loop) MIMO transmission from a transmitter including a large number of (e.g., M×N×P) transmission antenna elements like a massive MIMO system, the UE needs to be able to measure the Q-port CSI-RS to derive/calculate CSI. Such a Q-port CSI-RS is a non-precoded CSI-RS, and beamforming is not applied to the Q-port CSI-RS when it is transmitted from the transmitter. The Q-port CSI-RS may be transmitted in such a manner that each CSI-RS port having a wide beam width is transmitted.
In the present description, options that can be considered for new CSI-RS pattern designs mapped to X or more antenna ports (e.g., X=18) are as follows.
First embodiment: a method of aggregating and legacy patterns (2-port, 4-port and 8-port patterns) and 12-port and 16-port patterns defined in Rel. 13 and using aggregated patterns
Second embodiment: a method of defining new patterns
The second embodiment is a method of defining a plurality of CSI-RS patterns by selecting/using at least one of CSI-RS designs defined/represented by the first embodiment.
As a more specific embodiment with respect to the first embodiment, a 20-port CSI-RS resource/pattern may be considered. To generate the 20-port CSI-RS resource/pattern, 10 2-port CSI-RS resources/patterns or 5 4-port CSI-RS resources/patterns may be aggregated. A total of 20C10=184756 20-port CSI-RS resources/patterns can be derived when 10 2-port CSI-RS resources/patterns are aggregated and a total of 10C5=252 20-port CSI-RS resources/patterns can be derived when 5 4-port CSI-RS resources/patterns are aggregated.
However, increasing the number of aggregated CSI-RS resources causes a problem of system complexity increase. Accordingly, to prevent such complexity increase, the present description proposes a method of designing X-port or more (X corresponding to a natural number, e.g., X=18) CSI-RS resources/patterns based on aggregation of 2 CSI-RS resources. In this specification, the CSI-RS resource may be referred to as a CSI-RS configuration or a CSI-RS pattern.
The CSI-RS resource/pattern design method proposed in the present description configures new 20-port or more CSI-RS resources/patterns by aggregating a plurality of (e.g., 2) CSI-RS resources/patterns. Here, the unit of aggregated ports may be newly defined as ports more than the legacy 2-, 4- and 8-port and 12-, 16- and 20-port defined in Rel. 13. More specifically, each aggregated CSI-RS resource/pattern may correspond to a “composite CSI-RS resource/pattern”. Here, a composite CSI-RS resource/pattern may refer to a single CSI-RS resource/pattern defined by aggregating a plurality of legacy CSI-RS resources/patterns defined in Rel. 13. For example, a composite CSI-RS resource/pattern may refer to a single 16-port CSI-RS resource/pattern composed of two legacy 8-port CSI-RS resources/patterns defined in Rel. 13 or a single 12-port CSI-RS resource/pattern composed of three legacy 4-port CSI-RS resources.
However, the “composite CSI-RS resource/pattern” defined by aggregating legacy CSI-RS resources in the present description does not refer to a CSI-RS resource obtained by arbitrarily aggregating legacy CSI-RS resources/pattern but refers to only a CSI-RS resource/pattern aggregated under limited conditions. Only a composite CSI-RS resource/pattern defined in this manner corresponds to at least one (i.e., an aggregation unit) of a plurality of (e.g., 2) CSI-RS resources/patterns aggregated in order to configure new 20-port or more CSI-RS resources/patterns proposed in the present description.
As representative specific restrictions/conditions, the number of ports of CSI-RS resources/patterns aggregated into a composite CSI-RS resource may be limited to a predefined value. For example, a 16-port CSI-RS resource/pattern as a permitted composite CSI-RS resource/pattern can be limited to only resources/patterns realized by aggregating 8-port+8-port resources/patterns (i.e., two legacy 8-port CSI-RS resources/patterns), and a 12-port CSI-RS resource/pattern may refer to only resources/patterns realized by aggregating 4-port+4-port+4-port resources/patterns. That is, when the number of ports of CSI-RS resources/patterns aggregated into a specific CSI-RS resource/pattern corresponds to preset n ports, the corresponding specific CSI-RS resources/patterns correspond to composite CSI-RS resources/patterns and thus can be used as a CSI-RS resource aggregation unit proposed in the present description.
In addition, restrictive application of CDM-2 and/or CDM-4, limitation of RE positions to which CDM is applied to specific positions and/or restrictive application of CDM-x (x>4) may be set as specific restrictions/conditions.
In the present description, “CDM-x” may be interpreted as CDM in which the length of an orthogonal sequence included in a weight vector is x or CDM in which the number of weight vectors is x.
In addition, when new 20-port or more CSI-RS resources/patterns are designed by aggregating a plurality of (e.g., 2) CSI-RS resources/patterns in the present description, the following restrictive conditions may be applied.
For example, when a new 20-port or more CSI-RS resource/pattern is designed, only aggregation of preset resources/patterns may be permitted. In other words, aggregation in other manners (e.g., aggregation of three or more CSI-RS resources/patterns, aggregation of a plurality of CSI-RS resources/patterns having other numbers of ports, etc.) other than preset/specified/specific aggregation are not permitted. Accordingly, UE implementation complexity lower than a specific level can be ensured.
Here, when a new 20-port or more CSI-RS resource/pattern is designed by aggregating two CSI-RS resources/patterns, the following embodiments may be provided as exemplary CSI-RS resources/patterns of allowable preset/specified/specific aggregation.
(1) 20-port CSI-RS resource/pattern:
(2) 24-port CSI-RS resource/pattern:
(3) 28-port CSI-RS resource/pattern:
(4) 32-port CSI-RS resource/pattern:
(5) 64-port CSI-RS resource/pattern:
The above-described embodiments show examples of in which two CSI-RS resource/patterns have been combined. In the above-described embodiments, the combination sequence of CSI-RS resource patterns of different sizes may be changed.
As described above, according to the above-described embodiment, two divided CSI-RS resources/patterns may be aggregated to configure a new CSI-RS resource/pattern or 20-port or more. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The above-described embodiment may be generalized or extended to an embodiment in which a plurality of divided CSI-RS resource/patterns is aggregated to configure a new CSI-RS resource/pattern or 20-port or more.
CSI-RS resources/patterns aggregated according to the above-described embodiment may be located within the same RB, may be located in different subframes spaced apart on a time axis, or may be located in different RBs (or PRB pairs) spaced apart on a frequency axis. If an embodiment in which CSI-RS resources/patterns are aggregated within one RB is excluded, that is, an embodiment in which CSI-RS resources/patterns are aggregated between different RBs (or PRB pairs) on the time axis or different RBs (or PRB pairs) on the frequency axis may include a case where a CSI-RS resource/pattern to increase a cell reuse factor or to exceed 40 REs defined in the standard is configured.
When CSI-RS resources/patterns are aggregated in one RB, a UE expects that the aggregated CSI-RS resources/patterns do not overlap. That is, if the aggregated CSI-RS resources/patterns partially overlap, the UE can ignore the corresponding configuration by regarding the same as an error case. Here, “aggregated CSI-RS resources/patterns do not overlap” may be interpreted as “the aggregated CSI-RS resources/patterns are not transmitted through the same subframe on the time axis or through the same RB on the frequency axis”.
Accordingly, specific restrictions may be applied to an eNB/network such that the eNB/network provides only CSI-RS resource/pattern configurations in which aggregated CSI-RS resources/patterns do not overlap to the UE.
Hereinafter, embodiments in which aggregated CSI-RS resources/patterns are positioned in different subframes separated on the time axis or positioned in different RBs separated on the frequency axis when two CSI-RS resources/patterns are aggregated to configure a new 20-port or more CSI-RS resource/pattern will be described in more detail. Although description focuses on cases in which two CSI-RS resources/patterns are aggregated to configure a new 20-port or more CSI-RS resource/pattern in the following embodiments for convenience of description, the present invention is not limited thereto and can be generalized as or extended and applied to embodiments in which a plurality of separate CSI-RS resources/patterns are aggregated to configure new 20-port or more CSI-RS resources/patterns.
Referring to
Table 5 shows CSI-RS subframe configurations in the LTE system. CSI-RS subframe configurations are defined on the basis of CSI-RS periodicity and a subframe offset. The CSI-RS periodicity can be set in units of 5, 10, 20, 40 or 80 subframes. CSI-RS resources (here, the CSI-RS resources may correspond to composite CSI-RS resources) transmitted according to time division multiplexing (TDM) may have different offset values in the present description. That is, when the 32-port CSI-RS resource is configured in the example of
Referring to
Referring to
When a composite CSI-RS resource/pattern becomes a component of a new 20-port or more CSI-RS resource/pattern in the present embodiment, restrictions may be applied such that CSI-RS resources/patterns aggregated in the composite CSI-RS resource/pattern cannot be frequency-division-multiplexed and need to be transmitted in the same RB pair.
Although not shown, aggregation of CSI-RS resources/patterns corresponding to the m-th RB in the subframe n and the (m+y)-th RB in the subframe (n+x) may also be derived/applied/considered according to a combination of the embodiments of
To configure a CSI-RS resource/pattern using 1-DM according to the above-described embodiment, information such as CSI-RS transmission (RB) periodicity and an RB offset for CSI-RS transmission/mapping needs to be additionally signaled to UEs through radio resource control (RRC) signaling as in TDM. To this end, when a new CSI-RS resource/pattern configured by aggregating a plurality of CSI-RS resources through FDM on the frequency axis is transmitted, each aggregated CSI-RS resource may be transmitted at a frequency spacing of 12c and may have a frequency offset set to 12d, as shown in
In addition, when two CSI-RS resources/patterns are aggregated to configure a new CSI-RS resource/pattern, the value c associated with periodicity of RBs in/to which CSI-RSs are transmitted/mapped (referred to as “CRS-RS RB periodicity” hereinafter) may be set to a single value c to be commonly applied to the two aggregated (composite) CSI-RS resources/patterns. In this case, the value d associated with offset of RBs in/to which CSI-RSs are transmitted/mapped (referred to as “CRS-RS RB offset” hereinafter) may be individually set for respective aggregated CSI-RS resources/patterns. In other words, the periodicity of the aggregated CSI-RS resources R1 and R2 conforms to a commonly set RB periodicity, and different RB offsets (R1 offset and R2 offset) may be set for the respective aggregated resources R1 and R2. That is, only a manner in which the aggregated CSI-RS resources are frequency-division-multiplexed and transmitted at the same RB periodicity, as shown in
The value c associated with CSI-RS RB periodicity and the value d associated with CSI-RS RB offset may be defined/set such that they are joint-encoded. For example, like subframeConfig which is set according to joint encoding of periodicity/offset as a time axis related configuration in the current standards, RB periodicity and/or offset may be set according to joint encoding as frequency axis related configurations to be set as a single parameter (per CSI-RS resource) such as specific RBconfig. If the value c is commonly applied to aggregated CSI-RS resources as described above, a single value of c and values of d for the respective CSI-RS resources (e.g., a single value of c and two values of d (d1 and d2)) may be defined and set to a single RBconfig parameter according to joint encoding. That is, the RBconfig parameter can be regarded as being set/defined by joint-encoding parameters of a plurality of values of d (e.g., d1 and d2).
When the above-described embodiment in which the two CSI-RS resources/patterns are aggregated to configure a new CSI-RS resource/pattern is considered, information about x and/or y may be transmitted to UEs through RRC signaling. Here, cases in which x=y=0 and x=y=1 can be implicitly recognized by UEs and thus additional RRC signaling therefor may not be required. A RE position (e.g., a RE position at which each CSI-RS resource/pattern starts) of each of aggregated CSI-RS resources/patterns may be signaled to UEs through RRC signaling per CSI-RS resource/pattern.
To reduce signaling overhead, specific configurations (e.g., the number of ports) with respect to aggregated CSI-RS resources/patterns may be limited to the same configuration. In an embodiment, the number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/patterns may be limited to a preset number such that two 16-port CSI-RS resources/patterns are aggregated/combined to generate a 32-port CSI-RS resource/pattern and two 12-port CSI-RS resources/patterns are aggregated to generate a 24-port CSI-RS resource/pattern. In addition, if aggregated CSI-RS resources/patterns are positioned in (or mapped to) different PRBs, CSI-RSs may be limited such that they are mapped to the same RE position per RB pair.
In Rel. 13, CDM-2 and CDM-4 are supported for 12-port and 16-port CSI-RS resources/patterns. When a 20-port or more CSI-RS resource/pattern proposed in the present description is configured using only 12-port or 16-port CSI-RS resources/patterns for which CDM-4 is supported, CDM-2 and CDM-4 may be extended and supported, and information about which CDM is applied may be transmitted to UEs through RRC signaling. Here, CDM-4 applied to CSI-RS resources/patterns aggregated in the present invention may differ from CDM-4 applied to 12-port and 16-port CSI-RS resources/patterns defined in Rel. 13.
In other words, CDM-4 is applied in units/form of legacy 4-port pattern in the case of the 12-port CSI-RS resources/patterns (i.e., CDM is applied in units of two RE sets (or two RE pairs) separated from each other by six subcarriers), and CDM-4 is applied to neighboring 2-by-2 REs (REs in two columns and two rows) in the case of 16-port CSI-RS resources/patterns. Accordingly, different CDM-4s may be applied to respective resources/patterns aggregated to generate an X-port (e.g., X=18) or more CSI-RS resource/pattern in embodiments proposed in the present description.
When a 28-port CSI-RS resource/pattern is configured by aggregating a 16-port CSI-RS resource/pattern and a 12-port CSI-RS resource/pattern in an embodiment, CDM-4 is applied to neighboring 2-by-2 REs in the aggregated 16-port CSI-RS resource/pattern and CDM-4 is applied in the form of legacy 4 ports in the aggregated 12-port CSI-RS resource/pattern. A UE performs operation for realizing the same.
If CDM-4 in units/form of legacy 4 ports is applied to at least one of aggregated CSI_RS resources/patterns, CDM-4 in units/form of legacy 4 ports needs to be applied to X-port (e.g., X=18) or more CSI-RS resources/patterns generated by aggregating the corresponding CSI-RS resources/patterns. That is, restrictions may be applied to the eNB/network such that the same CDM-4 pattern is applied to aggregated CSI-RS resources/patterns when the eNB/network provides CDM related configurations to be applied to CSI-RS resources/patterns to UEs.
If the CDM-4 application method is taken into consideration, as in a 28-, 32-port CSI-RS resource/pattern, when a CSI-RS resource/pattern having the number of ports greater than 24 REs for a CSI-RS resource/pattern present in OFDM symbol Nos. 9, 0 is transmitted, full power transmission may be inevitable. The reason for this is that if CDM-4 is applied to a CSI-RS resource/pattern mapped to Nos. 5, 6 or Nos. 12, 13 OFDM symbols other than Nos. 9, 10 OFDM symbols, 6 dB boosting is difficult. Accordingly, this specification proposes an embodiment in which an FDM or TDM scheme for reducing CSI-RS density is applied/configured in order to achieve the full power transmission of a 28-, 32-port CSI-RS resource/pattern. In other words, if CDM-4 is configured with respect to a CSI-RS resource/pattern having the number of ports equal or greater than 24-port, the corresponding CSI-RS resource/pattern may be restricted/configured to be transmitted according to an FDM or TDM scheme. Such a restriction/configuration may be indicated through RRC signaling of an eNB.
When the above-described embodiment is applied, only CSI-RS resources/patterns having a number of ports corresponding to a multiple of 4, for example, 20-port, 24-port, 28-port, 32-port and 64-port CSI-RS resources/patterns, can be restrictively configured. Accordingly, a method of configuring 6-port and 10-port CSI-RS resources/patterns is also proposed in order to configure CSI-RS resources/patterns having more various numbers of ports.
Referring to
Since the number of ports is not a multiple of 4 in the 6-port CSI-RS resource/pattern design according to the present embodiment, CDM-4 cannot be applied. Accordingly, only CDM-2 can be restrictively applied to new CSI-RS resources/patterns generated using 6-port CSI-RS resources/patterns.
Referring to
Application of CDM-2 to 6-port CSI-RS resource/patterns according to the present embodiment is assumed, and CDM-2 may be applied to REs corresponding to port numbers {1, 2}, {2, 3} and {4, 5} of each resource/pattern.
When a 6-port CSI-RS resource/pattern according to the present embodiment is configured for a UE through RRC signaling, a CSI-RS resource/pattern according to the CSI-RS resource/design pattern illustrated in
A 10-port CSI-RS resource/pattern may be configured by aggregating 4-port and 6-port CSI-RS resources/patterns or aggregating 2-port and 8-port CSI-RS resources/patterns. The number of ports of a 10-port CSI-RS resource/pattern is not a multiple of 4 and thus CDM-4 cannot be applied thereto. Accordingly, only CDM-2 can be restrictively applied to a new CSI-RS resource/pattern generated using a 10-port CSI-RS resource/pattern.
Embodiments of aggregating two CSI-RS resources/patterns when X-port (e.g., X=18) or more CSI-RS resources/patterns are designed have been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto and the above-described embodiments may be extended to embodiments of designing X-port (e.g., X=18) or more CSI-RS resources/patterns by aggregating a plurality of CSI-RS resources/patterns (i.e., aggregating y CSI-RS resources/patterns (y≥2)).
When X-port (e.g., X=18) or more CSI-RS resources/patterns are configured according to the above-described embodiments, problems of unsupported full-power transmission and power imbalance between CSI-RS transport ports may still occur even when CDM-4 introduced in Rel. 13 is used. Accordingly, to solve such problems, the present description proposes CDM having a length greater than 4 to be applied to X-port (e.g., X=18) or more CSI-RS resources/patterns.
First, CDM-6 to be applied to the 6-port CSI-RS resource/pattern design illustrated in
Equation 16 is derived from a 6×6 DFT matrix and codes are orthogonal.
When the above-described embodiment is applied, 7.8 dB can be guaranteed for CDM and power imbalance between CSI-RS transport ports can be mitigated.
In a 6-port CSI-RS resource/pattern design illustrated in
In the present embodiment, when CDM is applied on the time axis, CDM is applied to a set of the same REs on the frequency axis. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Three of legacy 2-ports located in OFDM symbols {5,6}, {9,10} and {12,13}, respectively, may be selected and subjected to CDM-6 (i.e., CDM-6 may be applied to a set of REs located in the same frequency axis or different frequency axes). However, in this case, system flexibility may be improved, but performance degradation is expected in a frequency selective environment. Accordingly, the present embodiment (i.e., embodiment in which the time axis CDM-6 is applied) may be limitedly applied to REs in which a subcarrier difference is 2 or less in the frequency axis.
Hereinafter, CDM-8 is proposed.
In the case of CDM-8, a configuration of a codeword may be derived from a DFT matrix or Walsh matrix. More specifically, a codeword for CDM-8 may be derived from a DFT matrix, and may be configured by extending Equation 16 to an 8×8 DFT matrix. Furthermore, a codeword for CDM-8 may be derived from a Walsh matrix, and a weight vector of CDM-8 is configured as in Equation 17.
W0=[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1],
W1=[1 1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1],
W2=[1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1],
W3=[1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 1],
W4=[1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 −1],
W5=[1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1],
W6=[1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1],
W7=[1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1 −1],
or
W0=[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1],
W1=[1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 −1],
W2=[1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1],
W3=[1 −1−1 1 1 −1 −1 1],
W4=[1 1 1 1 −1−1 −1 −1],
W5=[1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1],
W6=[1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 1],
W7=[1 −1−1 1 −1 1 1−1], [Equation 17]
Multiple Walsh matrices having a difference attributable to the permutation function of each row or column may be derived based on Equation 16. Equation 17 illustrates an example of such multiple Walsh matrices.
In the 8-port CSI-RS resource/pattern of this figure, CDM-8 may be applied/configured by sequentially multiplying CSI-RSs, mapped to CSI-RS ports indicated as {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7}, by the weight vectors according to Equation 17. That is, CDM-8 is applied as a legacy 8-port CSI-RS resource/pattern unit.
As another example in which CDM-8 is applied/implemented, in the 8-port CSI-RS resource/pattern of this figure, CDM-8 may be applied/configured by sequentially multiplying CSI-RSs, mapped to respective ports, by the weight vectors according to Equation 17 in order of {0,1,4,5,2,3,6,7} (or in order pre-defined/configured in specific 8 REs aggregated in order of {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7}).
In the case of an 8-port CSI-RS resource/pattern according to the embodiment of
The embodiments illustrated in
The 8-port CSI-RS pattern/resource shown in
Meanwhile, three 8-port CSI-RS resources/patterns shown in
For example, the 24-port CSI-RS resource pattern may be configured using first to third 8-port CSI-RS resources/patterns. The first to third 8-port CSI-RS resources/patterns may be positioned at two OFDM symbols (OFDM symbols #9/#10 and #10/#11) and four consecutive subcarriers in a single subframe.
Here, the first 8-port CSI-RS resource/pattern may be positioned at OFDM symbols #9/#10 and #10/#11 and subcarrier regions #11/#1 to #8/#4 in a single subframe. Specific coordinates of the first 8-port CSI-RS resource/pattern may be represented as (11, 2), (11, 3), (10, 2), (10, 3), (9, 2), (9, 3), (8, 2) and (8, 3) of the second slot in the subframe using (k′, l′) (k′ denoting a subcarrier index in a resource block and l′ denoting an OFDM symbol index in a slot) described above with respect to
Similarly, the second 8-port CSI-RS resource/pattern may be positioned at OFDM symbols #9/#10 and #10/#11 and subcarrier regions #7/#5 to #4/#8 in a single subframe. Specific coordinates of the second 8-port CSI-RS resource/pattern may be represented as (7, 2), (7, 3), (6, 2), (6, 3), (5, 2), (5, 3), (4, 2) and (4, 3) of the second slot in the subframe using (k′, l′) described above with respect to
Similarly, the third 8-port CSI-RS resource/pattern may be positioned at OFDM symbols #9/#10 and #10/#11 and subcarrier regions #3/#9 to #0/#12 in a single subframe. Specific coordinates of the third 8-port CSI-RS resource/pattern may be represented as (3, 2), (3, 3), (2, 2), (2, 3), (1, 2), (1, 3), (0, 2) and (0, 3) of the second slot in the subframe using (k′, l′) described above with respect to
Here, CDM-8 can be applied to CSI-RSs mapped to the first to third 8-port CSI-RS resources/pattern, as described above.
Hereinafter, CDM-16 is proposed.
Weight vectors of CDM-16 may also be derived from a Walsh matrix similarly to CDM-8. That is, the weight vectors may be derived from a 16×16 Walsh matrix as represented by Equation 18.
W0=[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1],
W1=[1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 −1],
W2=[1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1],
W3=[1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1],
W4=[1 1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1],
W5=[1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1],
W6=[1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 1],
W7=[1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1 −1],
W8=[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1],
W9=[1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1],
W10=[1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1 1],
W11=[1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1],
W12=[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1],
W13=[1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 −1 1 −1],
W14=[1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1]
W15=[1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 1 −1 −1 1] [Equation 18]
CDM-16 proposed in the present description can be applied to a 16-port CSI-RS resource/pattern configured by aggregating two 8-port CSI-RS resources/patterns to which CDM-8 described above is applied.
For example, a single 16-port CSI-RS resource/pattern can be configured by aggregating two of the legacy 8-port CSI-RS resources/patterns as shown in
That is, when CDM-16 is applied, the former refers to a method of performing sequential port numbering in units of legacy 8 ports and the latter refers to a method of performing port numbering in units of 2×2 REs like 16-port CDM-4 of Rel. 13.
In addition, the CDM-8 related embodiments described above with reference to
Hereinafter, CDM-12 and CDM-20 are proposed.
A DFT matrix is used when CDM-x which does not correspond to an exponent of 2 is applied, as described above. This is because there is no Walsh matrix composed of binary numbers (1 or −1). However, even when x=12 or 20, a binary orthogonal matrix composed of 1 and −1 can be configured using Paley construction when a Hadamard matrix is configured. This can reduce complexity because CDM weight vectors are generated using integers, compared to cases in which an orthogonal matrix is configured using DFT. Paley construction is a method of configuring a Hadamard matrix using finite fields and uses a quadratic residue of GF(q). Here, q is a prime and an odd number. In this case, a Hadamard matrix of (q+1) may be configured as represented by Equation 19.
Here, I represents a (q+1)×(q+1) identity matrix, 1 represents a q-length vector composed of 1 and Q represents a q×q Jacobsthal matrix in which a row a and column b are composed of χ(a-b), χ(a) indicates whether a finite field element a is a perfect square. For example, χ(a)=1 if a=b{circumflex over ( )}2 for any non-zero finite field element b, and X(a)=−1 if not (e.g., if a cannot be represented by a square). Based on this, weight vectors of CDM-12 may be derived as represented by Equation 20.
W0=[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1],
W1=[1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1],
W2=[1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 1],
W3=[1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 −1 −1 −1],
W4=[1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 −1 −1],
W5=[1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 −1],
W6=[1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1],
W7=[1 1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1],
W8=[1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1],
W9=[1 1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1],
W10=[1 −1 1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1],
W11=[1 1 −1 1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1], [Equation 20]
CDM-12 proposed in the present description can be applied to a single 12-port CSI-RS resource/pattern configured by aggregating two 6-port CSI-RS resources/patterns to which CDM-6 described above is applied.
For example, a single 12-port CSI-RS resource/pattern may be configured by aggregating two 6-port CSI-RS resources/patterns as shown in
In addition, the CDM-6 related embodiments described above with reference to
Weight vectors of CDM-20 may be generated using Equation 21.
W0=[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1],
W1=[1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1],
W2=[1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1],
W3=[1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1],
W4=[1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1],
W5=[1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1],
W6=[1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 4],
W7=[1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 4],
W8=[1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 4],
W9=[1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 4],
W10=[1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1],
W11=[1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1],
W12=[1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1],
W13=[1 1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 4],
W14=[1 1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1],
W15=[1 1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1],
W16=[1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1],
W17=[1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1],
W18=[1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 4],
W19=[1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 −1 4], [Equation 21]
The weight vectors of Equation 21 may be applied to 20-port CSI-RS resources/patterns configured according to the embodiments proposed in the present description. Aggregated resources/patterns may be sequentially port-numbered and CDM-20 may be applied thereto.
Although the present description proposes a method of configuring CDM-12 and CDM-20 using Paley construction, the method may be extended to a method of using a DFT matrix used to configure CDM-6
Furthermore, an eNB may indicate information on a CDM length applied to a CSI-RS with respect to a UE through RRC signaling.
First, a UE may receive, from an eNB, CSI-RS resource information about a CSI-RS resource to which a CSI-RS is mapped (S2510).
Here, the CSI-RS resource may be configured by aggregating a plurality of CSI-RS resources, and the aggregated CSI-RS resources may be respectively positioned in different subframes on the time axis or in different resource blocks on the frequency axis. Here, at least one of the aggregated CSI-RS resources may correspond to a composite CSI-RS resource configured by aggregating a plurality of legacy CSI-RS resources. The plurality of legacy CSI-RS resources which constitutes the composite CSI-RS resource may be limited to CSI-RS resources having the same number of ports. And/or the CSI-RS resource may be limited such that it is configured by aggregating CSI-RS resources of a predefined number of ports.
In addition, the different subframes in which the aggregated CSI-RS resources are positioned may have different CSI-RS subframe offsets. Further, when the aggregated CSI-RS resources are respectively positioned in different subframes having a spacing of a preset number of subframes therebetween, information on the spacing of the preset number of subframes may be transmitted to the UE through radio resource control (RRC) signaling. Furthermore, when the aggregated CSI-RS resources are respectively positioned in different subframes on the time axis, the aggregated CSI-RS resources may be mapped to the same subcarriers in the different subframes.
If the aggregated CSI-RS resources are respectively positioned in different resource blocks having a spacing of a preset number of resources blocks therebetween, information on the spacing of the preset number of resource blocks may be transmitted to the UE through RRC signaling. In addition, the different resource blocks in which the aggregated CSI-RS resources are positioned may have the same transmission periodicity for the aggregated CSI-RS resources, and the different resource blocks may have different resource block offsets for the aggregated CSI-RS resources. Here, the transmission periodicity and resource block offsets may be joint-encoded and transmitted to the UE.
Furthermore, when at least one of the aggregated CSI-RS resources corresponds to a 12-port CSI-RS resource or a 16-port CSI-RS resource, code division multiplexing (CDM) in which the number of orthogonal weight vectors is 2 or 4 may be applied to the CSI-RS mapped to the 12-port CSI-RS resource or the 16-port CSI-RS resource.
Subsequently, the UE may receive a CSI-RS transmitted through one or more antenna ports from the eNB on the basis of the received CSI-RS resource information (S2520).
Finally, the UE may generate CSI on the basis of the received CSI-RS and report the generated CSI to the eNB (S2530).
CDM in which the number of orthogonal weight vectors is 6, 8, 12, 8 or 20 may be applied to the CSI-RS depending on the number of ports of each of the CSI-RS resources aggregated into the CSI-RS resource to which the CSI-RS is mapped.
Hereinafter, an additional embodiment for the above-described CDM-8 is proposed.
As another embodiment, a method of applying CDM-8 to a CSI-RS resource/pattern/configuration of an X-port (e.g., X=18) or more generated by aggregating legacy ports (e.g., 2-, 4-, 8-, 12- and 16-port) may be taken into consideration. In this specification, what CDM-x is applied to the X-port CSI-RS resource/pattern/configuration may be interpreted that CDM-x is applied to a CSI-RS transmitted through the X-port CSI-RS resource/pattern and is transmitted.
In the 32-port CSI-RS resource/pattern/configuration shown in
That is, (the same one) CDM-8 may be applied to each of a CSI-RS transmitted through the first group, a CSI-RS transmitted through the second group, a CSI-RS transmitted through the third group, and a CSI-RS transmitted through the fourth group.
Assuming that maximum transmit power per CSI-RS port is “1”, if the embodiment of
In order to solve this problem, the embodiment of
The embodiment of
In the embodiment of
The No. 3 CSI-RS resource configuration not shown in this figure may be divided into four groups to which CDM-8 is independently applied as in other CSI-RS resource configurations. For example, prior to detailed coordinates of a group for an CDM-8 application with the No. 3 CSI-RS resource configuration, if the detailed coordinates are represented using (k′, l′) (in this case, k′ is a subcarrier index within a resource block, l′ indicates an OFDM symbol index in two slots), the REs of (7, 9), (7, 10) may be included in the first group corresponding to the alphabetical number “A.” The REs of (6, 9), (6, 10) may be included in the second group corresponding to the alphabetical number “B.” The REs of (1, 9), (1, 10) may be included in the third group corresponding to the alphabetical number “C.” The REs of (0, 9), (0, 10) may be included in the fourth group corresponding to the alphabetical number “B.”
That is, if the embodiment of
In this case, port numbering to be described according to the sequence of resourceConfig may be determined.
If a UE is configured with the 32-port CSI-RS resource/pattern/configuration to which CDM-8 is applied according to the embodiment of
If the 32-port CSI-RS resource/pattern/configuration according to the embodiment of
1=(k−1)8+p′,p′=15,16, . . . 22,k=1,2, . . . K, [Equation 22]
In Equation 22, 1 is the final CSI_RS port number according to port numbering results, k is an each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number, K is the number of aggregated/included CSI-RS resources/patterns/configurations, and p′ indicates an aggregated legacy CSI_RS port number.
If the range of k is set from 0 to K−1 not 1˜K in Equation 22, the port numbering embodiment may be represented like Equation 23.
1=8k+p′,p′=15,16, . . . 22,k=0,1, . . . K−1, [Equation 23]
Equation 22 (or Equation 23) may mean that antenna ports are numbered in order of CSI-RS resources/configuration numbers defined as in Table 3.
CDM-8 may be applied to a CSI-RS, transmitted through each CSI-RS port numbered according to Equation 22 (or Equation 23), as in Table 7.
Table 7 shows eight weight vectors applied for each CSI_RS port number derived according to Equation 22 (or Equation 23). One row is configured with four elements, and each element is representative of each group to which a CDM-8 pattern is independently applied. That is, a 32-port CSI-RS resource/pattern/configuration includes a total of four groups to which a total of four independent CDM-8 patterns are applied. Furthermore, the eight rows mean ports to which 8 weight vectors, each one configuring CDM-8, are applied. Each column means a group to which the CDM-8 pattern is independently applied.
Accordingly, CDM-8 may be independently applied to each of {15,16,23,24,31,32,39,40}, that is, a first group, {17,18,25,26,33,34,41,42}, that is, a second group, {19,20,27,28,35,36,43,44}, that is, a third group, and {21,22,29,30,37,38,45,46}, that is, a fourth group. Furthermore, in each group, the weight vector of [1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1] is applied to the {15,17,19,21} ports, the weight vector of [1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 1 −1] is applied to the {16,18,20,22} ports, the weight vector of [1 1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1] is applied to the {23,25,27,29} ports, the weight vector of [1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1] is applied to the {24,26,28,30} ports, the weight vector of [1 1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1] is applied to the {31,33,35,37} ports, the weight vector of [1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1 1] is applied to the {32,34,36,38} ports, the weight vector of [1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 1] is applied to the {39,41,43,45} ports, and the weight vector of [1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 1 −1] is applied to the {40,42,44,46} ports.
The above-described embodiment of
Port Numbering Method
In a massive MIMO system using the illustrated 2D-AAS antenna structure, etc., a large number of RS ports may need to be designed so that a UE can obtain CSI and report it to an eNB. Representatively, a conventional system supports 1, 2, 4, and 8-port CSI-RS patterns. A Rel. 13 system supports 12-port and 16-port CSI-RS patterns by aggregating conventional 4-port and/or 8-port. In order to achieve higher spectral efficiency in the future, a new CSI-RS pattern and configuration method, such as a larger number of ports (e.g., 20-port, 24-port, 28-port, 32-port, 64-port) needs to be taken into consideration.
For the CSI-RS resource design of the new number of ports, to aggregate a CSI-RS resource of the number of ports (e.g., 2-, 4- and/or 8-port) supported in the legacy Rel.12 system may be taken into consideration. Furthermore, in this case, aggregated CSI-RS resources may be the above-described composite CSI-RS resource/pattern. The composite CSI-RS resource is a CSI-RS resource in which a plurality of CSI-RS resources defined in the Rel. 13 system is aggregated. For example, the composite CSI-RS resource may mean a 16-port CSI-RS resource configured with an aggregation of two legacy 8-port CSI-RS resources and a 12-port CSI-RS resource configured with an aggregation of three legacy 4-port CSI-RS resources.
In this case, all the aggregated K CSI-RS resources may be configured to have the same (legacy) port number (N) or to have different (legacy) port numbers, and may be aggregated to configure a new Q-port (Q=NK or Σk=0K-1Nk) CSI-RS resource, and an example thereof is as follows.
Hereinafter, Nk means a CSI-RS port number set in a k-th CSI-RS resource. Furthermore, (N,K) means that all K CSI-RS resources are configured with the same N-port. (N1,N2, . . . , NK) indicates the number of ports in which each K CSI-RS resource has been configured.
The 12-port CSI-RS resource defined in Rel. 13 is configured with three 4-port CSI-RS resource, and the 16-port CSI-RS resource is configured with two 8-port CSI-RS resources. In both the cases, a CSI-RS may be configured by applying CDM-2 and/or CDM-4.
In the case of CDM-2, a port indexing/numbering scheme in which CSI-RS resource sharing with a Rel-12 UE is taken into consideration may be introduced. More specifically, for resource sharing with a Rel-12 4-port CSI-RS in the case of a 12-port CSI-RS and for resource sharing with a Rel-12 8-port CSI-RS in the case of a 16-port CSI-RS, a port numbering/indexing scheme, such as Equation 24, may be introduced.
In Equation 24, n is the port number/index of a 12- or 16-port CSI-RS of Rel-13 calculated as a port numbering/indexing result (i.e., the final CSI_RS port number/index according to a numbering/indexing result), k is each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2, . . . , K−1), K is a total number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations, N is the number of ports (e.g., N=4 or 8) per aggregated CSI-RS resources/configuration, and p′ is the port number/index of an aggregated (legacy) N-port CSI-RS resource/configuration.
If indexing/numbering is performed using Equation 24, a legacy N-port may be configured as a subset of a newly defined Q-port. As a result, a CSI-RS resource/configuration configured in a Rel-13 UE can also be configured in a Rel-12 UE. Accordingly, there is an advantage in that CSI-RS overhead of the entire network can be reduced.
CDM-4 follows a numbering/indexing scheme of Equation 25.
n+kN+p′,p′=15, . . . 14+N,k=0,1, . . . ,K−1 [Equation 25]
Description regarding each parameter of Equation 25 is the same as that described above in relation to Equation 24.
Equation 25 shows an embodiment in which configured K N-port CSI-RS ports are sequentially numbered/indexed. Equation 25 has been defined by not taking into consideration CSI-RS resource sharing with a Rel-12 UE because a Rel-12 CSI-RS port to which CDM-4 is applied is not present.
Accordingly, hereinafter, there is proposed a new port numbering/indexing method for CSI-RS resource sharing between the 8-, 12-, and 16-port CSI-RS defined in Rel-13 and a newly defined Q-port CSI-RS. Furthermore, there is proposed a method for solving the ambiguity of port numbering/indexing which may occur in a CSI-RS resource/configuration aggregation having a different number of ports although CDM-2 is applied.
The case of CDM-2 is first described. If all K CSI-RS resources are the same N-port CSI-RS resource, Equation 24 may be reused, and a detailed description thereof is described below with reference to
In this figure, k indicates each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2, . . . , K−1), K indicates a total number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations, and N indicates the number of ports per aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration.
This figure illustrates the mapping relation between the number of ports for each aggregated 4-port CSI-RS resource/configuration and the number of ports of a 20-port CSI-RS resource/configuration. For example, the four ports 115, 16, 17, 181 of a CSI-RS resource/configuration corresponding to k=1 may be sequentially mapped to the {17, 18, 27, 28} ports of a 20-port CSI-RS resource/configuration. This may be represented that the port numbers of {17, 18, 27, 28} are sequentially numbered/indexed in the four ports {15, 16, 17, 18} of a CSI-RS resource/configuration corresponding to k=1. Such a mapping/numbering relation is derived from Equation 24.
Referring to
In this figure, k indicates each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2, . . . , K−1), K indicates a total number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations, and N indicates the number of ports per aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration. This figure also illustrates the mapping relation according to Equation 24 between the number of ports of each aggregated 8-port CSI-RS resource/configuration and the number of ports of a 24-port CSI-RS resource/configuration.
As in the embodiment of
If this is generalized, if a 12-, or 16-port CSI-RS resource/configuration supported in K Rel-13 and N-port CSI-RSs are aggregated to configure a Q-port (Q=NK) CSI-RS resource/configuration, a UE configured with the Q-port CSI-RS resource/configuration (or a UE that receives a CSI-RS resource/configuration using a Q-port) (hereinafter referred to as a “Q-port UE”) may share some resources with a Rel-13 and/or Rel-12 UE configured with at least one CSI-RS resource/configuration of the same N-port unit using Equation 24.
For example, a UE configured with an (N,K)=(4,5)=20-port, (N,K)=(4,6)=24-port, (N,K)=(4,7)=28-port, or (N,K)=(4, 8)=32-port CSI-RS resource/configuration may share (or may be restricted to share) a 12-port CSI-RS resource/configuration with a Rel-13 UE and a 4-port CSI-RS resource/configuration with a Rel-12 UE. Furthermore, a UE configured with an (N,K)=(8,3)=24-port or an (N,K)=(8,4)=32-port CSI-RS resource/configuration may share (or may be restricted to share) a 16-port CSI-RS resource/configuration with a Rel-13 UE and a Rel-12 8-port CSI-RS resource/configuration.
In (2,5,2,20), the first variable indicates the number of rows of a given 2D antenna layout, the second variable indicates the number of columns, the third variable indicates a cross polarization, and the fourth variable indicates a total number of antenna ports (or it may be an “element” depending on specific port-to-element virtualization and hereinafter commonly called a “port”, for convenience sake).
Port numbering/indexing may be performed in order of column→row within the same polarization group (i.e., a group having a “/” polarization/slant or a group having a “\” polarization/slant) in a 2D antenna layout. If such a port numbering/indexing method is used, half of all antenna ports may be sequentially mapped to a first polarization/slant and the remaining half thereof may be sequentially mapped to a second polarization/slant.
For example, in the case of a cross polarization 20-port layout of 2 rows 5 columns, as shown in
The 20-port CSI-RS resource/configuration mapped to the antenna layout of (2,5,2,20) as described above may be configured/defined in the form in which five 4-port CSI-RS resource/configuration mapped to the antenna layout (i.e., 2 row 1 column cross polarization 4-port antenna layout) of (2,1,2,4) have been aggregated. In this case, in each aggregated antenna layout, the ports may be numbered in the same manner as the above-described numbering/indexing method. For example, in the aggregated first (2,1,2,4) antenna layout, “15 and 16” port numbers may be sequentially numbered/indexed in ports having a “/” polarization/slant in the top→down direction, and “17 and 18” port numbers may be sequentially numbered/indexed in ports having a “\” polarization/slant in the top→down direction.
If such a numbering embodiment is applied, the port number of an antenna layout to which a 20-port CSI-RS resource/configuration is mapped and the port number of an antenna layout to which five 4-port CSI-RS resource/configurations aggregated as the 20-port CSI-RS resource/configuration are mapped may have a mapping relation, such as that shown in this figure. This is the same as the 20-port numbering/indexing example described in
Hereinafter, the above-described port mapping/numbering method is described as a reference, for convenience of description. That is, hereinafter, in the case of the antenna layout to which one CSI-RS resource/configuration (a Q-port CSI-RS resource/configuration or (legacy) N-port CSI-RS resources/configurations aggregated to configure the Q-port CSI-RS resource/configuration) is mapped, a method of sequentially mapping CSI-RS port numbers in a vertical direction and/or right direction within an antenna layout having the same polarization/slant (“/” or “\”) is described as a reference.
Such a mapping method is the same as a codebook application method for a Rel-13 UE, which is defined in 7.2.4 of TS 36.213. That is, according to the following standard contents, port numbering/indexing needs to be first performed in an N2 direction (i.e., vertical/vertical direction). The reason for this is that in the 2D antenna array, a codebook is configured in the Kronecker form of DFT vector of two domains. In this case, N2 means the size of the second domain among antenna port sizes notified from an eNB to a UE. N2 is different from N2 indicating the number of antenna ports of a CSI-RS resource/configuration, wherein k=2, and corresponds to N described above in relation to . For convenience of description, the antenna port layout is marked like (S1, S2).
With respect to 8 antenna ports {15, 16, 17, 18,19,20,21,22}, 12 antenna ports {15, 16, 17, 18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26}, 16 antenna ports {15, 16, 17, 18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30}, a UE may be configured with a higher layer parameter CSI-Reporting-Type. CSI-Reporting-Type may be configured as “CLASS A.” Each PMI value may correspond to three codebook indices given in Table 7.2.4-10, 7.2.4-11, 7.2.4-12, 7.2.4-13, 7.2.4-14, 7.2.4-15, 7.2.4-16, or 7.2.4-17 defined in the standard. In the table, φn, um and vl,m parameters are defined by Equation 26.
In Equation 26, N1, N2, 01 and 02 values may be configured as codebook-Config-N1, codebook-Config-N2, codebook-Over-Sampling-RateConfig-O1, and codebook-Over-Sampling-RateConfig-O2, respectively, which are higher layer parameters. The supported configurations of (O1, O2) and (N1, N2) for a given number of CSI-RS ports may be given in Table 8. A port number P may be 2*N1*N2.
If a codebookConfigN2 value is set to “1”, a UE may not expect that a CodebookConfigCodebookConfig set value will be set to 2 or 3. Furthermore, if codebookConfigN2 is set to “1”, the UE needs to use only i_(1,2)=0.
i_1, that is, the first PMI value, corresponds to a codebook index pair {i_(1,1), i_(1,2)}. i_2, that is, the second PMI value, may be given in Table 7.2.4. j having v may be associated with an RI value, and j=v+9.
In some cases, codebook subsampling may be supported. A parameter Codebook-Config set value is set to 2, 3, or 4, and a codebook subsampled with respect to the PUCCH mode 2-1 may be defined in Table 7.2.2-1F for the PUCCH report type 1a.
A case where CSI-RS resources/configurations having different port numbers are aggregated is described below.
In the figures, k indicates each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2, . . . , K−1), K indicates a total number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations, and Nk indicates the number of ports per each CSI-RS resource/configuration divided by k.
In the case of 20-port and 28-port, when a CSI-RS is shared with a Rel-13 UE, to be configured with 16-port has an advantage in terms of power per CSI-RS port compared to a case where 12-port is configured. Accordingly, an aggregation of different port numbers may be taken into consideration. In this case, Equation 24 cannot be reused, and the port numbering methods illustrated in
In order to configure a 20-port CSI-RS resource/configuration in a UE, an eNB may configure two 8-port CSI-RS resources/configurations and one 4-port CSI-RS resource/configuration in the UE, as shown in
Likewise, in order to configure a 28-port CSI-RS resource/configuration in a UE, an eNB may configure three 8-port CSI-RS resources/configurations and one 4-port CSI-RS resource/configuration in the UE, as shown in
If such
In Equation 27, k=0,1, . . . K−1 and N_(−1)=0. In addition, description regarding each parameter is the same as that described above. When a Q-port is configured using Equation 27, in order to facilitate the reuse/configuration/sharing of the above-described CSI-RS resource/configuration, an eNB may be restricted to configure a CSI-RS resource/configuration having the same number of ports when a CSI-RS resource/configuration of (N0,N1, . . . ,NK−1) is configured in a Q-port UE and to configure a CSI-RS resource/configuration having the remaining different port number. For example, a CSI-RS configuration of a form, such as (N0,N1,N2)=(8,4,8), (N0,N1,N2,N3)=(8,4,8,8), is not permitted, and a UE does not expect that such a CSI-RS resource/configuration will be performed. This is for preventing performance degradation which may occur because a uniform distance between 16 antenna ports to which a CSI-RS to be measured by a Rel-13 UE that reuses 16-port is mapped is not maintained.
Port numbering/indexing methods when CDM-2 is applied have been described above. Port numbering/indexing methods when CDM-4 is applied are proposed below.
A UE configured with CDM-4 defined in Rel-13 may sequentially perform port numbering on K N-port CSI-RS resources/configurations according to Equation 25. If this is extended and applied to a Q-port CSI-RS resource/configuration, although an eNB configures a CSI-RS resource/configuration to be reused in a Rel-13 UE, the Rel-13 UE cannot reuse an antenna port configured by the eNB because polarization between an antenna port to which the CSI-RS is mapped and an antenna port assumed by the Rel-13 UE is different based on a result of actual port numbering. Such a problem is described in detail below in relation to
In this figure, k indicates each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2, . . . , K−1), K indicates a total number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations, and Nk indicates the number of ports per each CSI-RS resource/configuration divided by k.
Assuming that 24-port has an antenna layout of (S1,S2)=(3,4) (i.e., 4 rows 3 columns), if the port numbering method of
However, although any two of the three 8-port CSI-RS resources/configurations are configured in a Rel-13 8-port UE, the Rel-13 UE cannot reuse the two CSI-RS resources/configurations. The reason for this is that each polarization/slant has a different number of ports or the locations of antenna ports to which CSI-RSs are mapped are different. For example, if an eNB configures, in the Rel-13 UE, k=0 and 1 as 16-port CSI-RS resources/configurations, 12 ports are mapped to a “/” polarization/slant and four ports are mapped to a “\” polarization/slant. Alternatively, if the eNB configures, in the Rel-13 UE, k=0 and 2 as 16-port CSI-RS resources/configurations, each polarization/slant has eight ports, but the locations of antenna ports to which CSI-RSs are mapped are different. Accordingly, the Rel-13 UE cannot reuse the CSI-RSs because the locations are not matched with an antenna port layout (and/or cross polarization form) defined in Rel-13.
Accordingly, there is proposed a new CSI-RS port indexing/numbering method for solving such a problem.
In order to support a Rel-13 12-port UE in a CDM-4 application situation, port numbering of a (legacy) 4-port unit may be additionally performed on the 20-port ({15, 16, 17, 18} numbering/mapping for each CSI-RS resource/configuration with respect to the 20-port). That is, numbering for a UE configured with a 20-port CSI-RS resource/configuration and numbering for a legacy UE which shares a 12-port CSI-RS resource/configuration of the 20-port CSI-RS resource/configuration may be performed on the same 20-port. As a result, a one-to-one mapping relation may be established between a port number for the 20-port UE and a port number for the 12-port UE because the same 20-port CSI-RS resource/configuration is a reference. However, in this case, the Rel-13 UE may reuse the CSI-RSs only when the port numbering is performed to be matched with the antenna port layout defined in Rel-13 as described above.
Accordingly, this specification proposes that a numbering/indexing method for CSI-RS ports shared with a Rel-13 UE and a numbering/indexing method for the remaining aggregated (or not-shared) CSI-RS resources/configurations are differently configured as shown in
For example, referring to
Furthermore, the remaining not-shared 8-port may be numbered so that CSI-RS resources of N/2(=4/2=2-port) are mapped the one-side polarization/slant of antenna ports at the same location and the remaining CSI-RS resources of N/2 are mapped to the other-side polarization/slant of the antenna ports at the same location. That is, 4-port numbers {15, 16, 17, 18} corresponding to the same CSI-RS resource/configuration (e.g., k=3 or 4) may be sequentially numbered in a cross polarization form (i.e., the same polarization/slant unit) with respect to the ports at the same location.
That is, the above-described contents are arranged as follows. Port numbers (e.g., {15, 16, 17, 18}) may be sequentially assigned to the shared ports (e.g., 12-port) in ascending powers of a CSI-RS configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2) assigned to each CSI-RS configuration in a pre-configured rule/sequence/direction (e.g., ports having the same polarization/slant are sequentially numbered in the top direction and/or right direction). Port numbers (e.g., {15, 16, 17, 18}) may be sequentially assigned to not-shared ports (e.g., 8-port) by the same CSI-RS configuration (e.g., k=3,4) in an aggregated port (e.g., 4-port) unit in a pre-configured rule/sequence/direction (e.g., ports having the same polarization/slant are sequentially numbered in the top direction and/or right direction ).
If different port numbering methods are performed for each shared port and for each not-shared port as described above, the same CSI-RS configuration(k) may not be essentially mapped to ports at the same location among shared ports, but the same CSI-RS configuration(k) may be mapped to ports at the same location among not-shared ports.
The numbering method according to the embodiment of
In this figure, k indicates each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2, . . . , K−1), K indicates a total number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations, Nk indicates the number of ports per each CSI-RS resource/configuration divided by k, S1 indicates a column of a 20-port antenna layout, and S2 indicates a row of the 20-port antenna layout. Furthermore, in this figure, antenna ports to which 15 to 24 port numbers of the 24-port have been assigned have a first polarization/slant (indicated by a white room), and antenna ports to which 25 to 34 port numbers of the 24-port have been assigned have a second polarization/slant (indicated by a gray room).
Referring to
In the case of Case 2, the same port numbering method/principle as that of Case 1 described in
Port numbering which may be applied for each case is determined by the size of S2. A UE may be implicitly aware of which port numbering will be applied based on a value of S1, S2 and/or N signaled through RRC or an eNB may directly notify a UE which port numbering rule will be applied through RRC signaling. For example, a Rel-14 UE (or UE of a new wireless communication system) configured with (S1,S2)=(5,2), (N,K)=(4,5) will apply Case 1, and a Rel-14 UE (or UE of a new wireless communication system) configured with (S1,S2)=(2,5), (N,K)=(4,5) will apply Case 2.
Furthermore, an antenna port layout of CSI-RS resources shared with a Rel-13 UE may also be determined for each case. For example, if an eNB configures Case 1 in a Rel-14 UE, it may configure (S1,S2)=(3,2) in a Rel-13 UE. If an eNB configures Case 2 in a Rel-14 UE, it may configure (S1,S2)=(2,3) in a Rel-13 UE. Contents regarding such an embodiment are described later in relation to
In the figures, k indicates each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2, . . . , K−1), K indicates a total number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations, Nk indicates the number of ports per each CSI-RS resource/configuration divided by k, S1 indicates a column of a 24-port antenna layout, and S2 indicates a row of the 24-port antenna layout. Furthermore, in this figure, antenna ports to which the 15 to 26 port numbers of the 24-port have been assigned have a first polarization/slant (indicated by a white room), and antenna ports to which the 27 to 38 port numbers of the 24-port have been assigned have a second polarization/slant (indicated by a gray room).
Case 1 of
Case 2 of
Case 3 of
Case 4 of
Case 5 of
As described above, the port numbering principle is characterized in that ports sharing resources are sequentially numbered (e.g., in the top→down direction and/or left→right in the same polarization/slant unit) (so that the shared CSI-RS resources are mapped to a 16-port), and the remaining ports not sharing resources are numbered so that N/2 CSI-RS resources are mapped to one-side polarization/slant of antenna ports at the same location and the remaining N/2 CSI-RS resources are mapped to the other-side polarization/slant of the antenna port at the same location (so that they have the same k as the mapped N/2 CSI-RS resources).
Port numbering which may be applied for each case is determined by the size of S2. A UE may be implicitly aware of which port numbering will be applied based on a value of S1, S2 and/or N signaled through RRC or an eNB may directly notify a UE which port numbering rule will be applied through RRC signaling. For example, a Rel-14 UE (or UE of a new wireless communication system) configured with (S1,S2)=(6,2), (N,K)=(8,3) will apply Case 1, and a Rel-14 UE (or UE of a new wireless communication system) configured with (S1,S2)=(2,6), (N,K)=(8,3) will apply Case 3.
Furthermore, an antenna port layout of CSI-RS resources shared with a Rel-13 UE may be determined for each case. For example, if an eNB configures Case 1 in a Rel-14 UE, it may configure (S1,S2)=(4,2) in a Rel-13 UE. If an eNB configures Case 3 in a Rel-14 UE, it may configure (S1,S2)=(2,4) in a Rel-13 UE. Contents regarding such an embodiment are described below in relation to
Referring to
For example, in the case of 24-port having an antenna layout of (S1,S2)=(3,4) as in
In this figure, k indicates each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2, . . . , K−1), K indicates a total number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations, Nk indicates the number of ports per each CSI-RS resource/configuration divided by k, S1 indicates a column of a 28-port antenna layout, and S2 indicates a column of the 28-port antenna layout. Furthermore, in this figure, antenna ports to which the 15 to 28 port numbers of the 28-port have been assigned have a first polarization/slant (indicated by a white room), and antenna ports to which the 29 to 42 port numbers of the 28-port have been assigned have a second polarization/slant (indicated by a gray room).
In
As described above, the port numbering principle is characterized in that ports sharing resources are sequentially numbered (e.g., in the top→down direction and/or left→right in the same polarization/slant unit) (so that the shared CSI-RS resources are mapped to a 12-port), and the remaining ports not sharing resources are numbered so that N/2 CSI-RS resources are mapped to one-side polarization/slant of antenna ports at the same location and the remaining N/2 CSI-RS resources are mapped to the other-side polarization/slant of the antenna port at the same location (so that they have the same k as the mapped N/2 CSI-RS resources).
Furthermore, as in the examples of Case 1 and Case 2, antenna port layouts may have different port number configurations, but a basic configuration principle is the same. This is the same as that described above in relation to
Port numbering which may be applied for each case is determined by the size of S2. A UE may be implicitly aware of which port numbering will be applied based on a value of S1, S2 and/or N signaled through RRC or an eNB may directly notify a UE which port numbering rule will be applied through RRC signaling. For example, a Rel-14 UE (or UE of a new wireless communication system) configured with (S1,S2)=(7,2), (N,K)=(4,7) will apply Case 1, and a Rel-14 UE (or UE of a new wireless communication system) configured with (S1,S2)=(2,7), (N,K)=(4,7) will apply Case 2.
Furthermore, the antenna port layout of CSI-RS resources shared with a Rel-13 UE may be determined for each case. For example, if an eNB configures Case 1 in a Rel-14 UE, it may configure (S1,S2)=(3,2) in a Rel-13 UE. If an eNB configures Case 2 in a Rel-14 UE, it may configure (S1,S2)=(2,3) in a Rel-13 UE. Contents regarding such an embodiment are described later in relation to
In this figure, k indicates each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2, . . . , K−1), K indicates a total number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations, Nk indicates the number of ports per each CSI-RS resource/configuration divided by k, S1 indicates a column of a 32-port antenna layout, and S2 indicates a row of the 32-port antenna layout. Furthermore, in this figure, antenna ports to which the 15 to 30 port numbers of the 32-port have been assigned have a first polarization/slant (indicated by a white room), and antenna ports to which the 31 to 46 port numbers of the 32-port have been assigned have a second polarization/slant (indicated by a gray room).
In
As described above, the port numbering principle is characterized in that ports sharing resources are sequentially numbered (e.g., in the top→down direction and/or left→right in the same polarization/slant unit) (so that the shared CSI-RS resources are mapped to a 16-port), and the remaining ports not sharing resources are numbered so that N/2 CSI-RS resources are mapped to one-side polarization/slant of antenna ports at the same location and the remaining N/2 CSI-RS resources are mapped to the other-side polarization/slant of the antenna port at the same location (so that they have the same k as the mapped N/2 CSI-RS resources).
Furthermore, as in the examples of Case 1 and Case 2, an antenna port layout has a different port number configuration, but a basic configuration principle is the same. As described above in relation to
Port numbering which may be applied for each case is determined by the size of S2. A UE may be implicitly aware of which port numbering will be applied based on a value of S1, S2 and/or N signaled through RRC or an eNB may directly notify a UE which port numbering rule will be applied through RRC signaling. For example, a Rel-14 UE (or UE of a new wireless communication system) configured with (S1,S2)=(8,2), (N,K)=(8,4) will apply Case 1, and a Rel-14 UE (or UE of a new wireless communication system) configured with (S1,S2)=(2,9), (N,K)=(8,4) will apply Case 2.
Furthermore, the antenna port layout of CSI-RS resources shared with a Rel-13 UE may also be determined for each case. For example, if an eNB configures Case 1 in a Rel-14 UE, it may configure (S1,S2)=(4,2) in a Rel-13 UE. If an eNB configures Case 2 in a Rel-14 UE, it may (S1,S2)=(2,4) in a Rel-13 UE. Contents regarding such an embodiment are described later in relation to
Case 3 corresponds to an embodiment regarding a numbering/indexing method of reusing Equation 25 defined for CDM-4 in Rel-13. A eNB may notify a Rel-13 UE of a CSI-RS resource/configuration to be reused by taking into consideration an antenna port layout. In the case of Case 3, an eNB may indicate two 8-port CSI-RS resources/configurations (i.e., 16-port CSI-RS resources/configurations) corresponding to k=0,1 with respect to a Rel-13 UE. The Rel-13 UE may reuse the indicated CSI-RS resources/configurations.
The reason why Equation 25 can be reused as described above is that a 32-port number can be expressed as an exponent of 2 (i.e., 32=2{circumflex over ( )}5). In contrast, if ports not expressed as an exponent of 2, such as 20-, 24-, 28-port, are numbered/indexed by reusing Equation 25 without any change, a CSI-RS cannot be reused/shared because it is not matched with a CSI-RS layout supportable by a Rel-13 UE as described above.
Accordingly, if a Rel-13 UE and a Q-port (Q≥20) UE are configured with CDM-4, an eNB may determine whether to share/reuse CSI-RS resources by taking into consideration the capability, traffic and/or channel environment of UEs within a cell, and may notify a UE of a port numbering/indexing rule through RRC signaling.
Referring to
As described above, as described in
If a port numbering rule corresponding to Case 1 (Cases 1 and 2 in the case of 24-port) of Q-port most widely used in the table of
In Equation 28, a description regarding each parameter is the same as that described above. That is, in Equation 28, n indicates the final CSI-RS Q-port number/index calculated as a result of port numbering/indexing, k indicates each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2, . . . , K−1), K indicates a total number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations, N indicates the number of ports per aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration, and p′ indicates the port number/index of an aggregated (legacy) N-port CSI-RS resource/configuration. Furthermore, in Equation 28, J is the number of shared CSI-RS resource/configurations. That is, if a 12-port CSI-RS resource/configuration (i.e., three 4-port CSI-RS resource/configuration) is shared, J=3. If a 16-port CSI-RS resource/configuration (two 8-port CSI-RS resources/configurations) is shared, J=2.
The above-described embodiments are put together. In Rel-13, in the case of CDM-4, CSI-RS ports are sequentially numbered according to aggregated CSI-RS resources. Accordingly, such a port numbering method cannot be adopted in Rel-14 in which CSI-RS resource sharing is supported. Furthermore, the port numbering rule may be branched based on a supported Rel-14 antenna port layout. To solve this, one simple solution is to make the port numbering rule which can be adopted as many antenna configurations as it can. To determine whether to permit CSI-RS resource sharing depends on an eNB implementation. In this sense, this specification proposes a port numbering rule, such as Equation 28.
A table illustrating the 20-port numbering of
Table 9 illustrates port combinations to which the port numbering rule of Equation 28 may be applied.
In Table 9, N1 corresponds to S1 and N2 corresponds to S2.
Referring to Table 9, as a result, ports to which the port numbering rule according to Equation 28 may be applied may include 20-port having an antenna port layout of (N1,N2) (or (S1,S2))=(5,2)), 24-port having an antenna port layout of (N1,N2) (or (S1,S2))=(3,4), (6,2), or (12,1)), 28-port having an antenna port layout of (N1,N2) (or (S1,S2))=(7,2)), and 32-port having an antenna port layout of (N1,N2) (or (S1,S2))=(4,4), (8,2), or (16,1)).
A port numbering method when CSI-RS resource/configurations of different port numbers are aggregated in the situation in which CDM-4 is applied is described below.
As show in
In this figure, k indicates each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2, . . . , K−1), K indicates a total number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations, Nk indicates the number of ports per each CSI-RS resource/configuration divided by k, S1 indicates a column of a 20-port antenna layout, and S2 indicates a row of the 20-port antenna layout. Furthermore, in this figure, antenna ports to which the 15 to 24 port numbers of 20-port have been assigned have a first polarization/slant (indicated by a white room), and antenna ports to which the 25 to 34 port numbers of the 20-port have been assigned have a second polarization/slant (indicated by a gray room).
In this figure, k indicates each aggregated CSI-RS resource/configuration number (e.g., k=0, 1, 2, . . . , K−1), K indicates a total number of aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations, Nk indicates the number of ports per each CSI-RS resource/configuration divided by k, S1 indicates a column of a 28-port antenna layout, and S2 indicates a column of the 28-port antenna layout. Furthermore, in this figure, antenna ports to which the 15 to 28 port numbers of 20-port have been assigned have a first polarization/slant (indicated by a white room), and antenna ports to which the 29 to 42 port numbers of the 20-port have been assigned have a second polarization/slant (indicated by a gray room).
Referring to
Referring to
In an aggregation embodiment between CSI-RS resources/configurations having different port numbers in the situation of CDM-4, as in the aggregation embodiment between CSI-RS resources/configurations having the same number of ports in the situation of CDM-4, as in the examples of Case 1 and Case 2, an antenna port layout has different port numbering, but a configuration principle thereof is the same and is the same as that described above in relation to
Port numbering which may be applied for each case is determined by the size of S2. A UE may be implicitly aware of which port numbering will be applied based on a value of S1, S2 and/or N signaled through RRC or an eNB may directly notify a UE which port numbering rule will be applied through RRC signaling.
If Equation 28 is changed based on the port numbering rule of Case 1 of
A description regarding each parameter of Equation 29 is the same as that described above in relation to Equation 28.
If a Q-port CSI-RS resource/configuration in which CSI-RS resources/configurations of different port numbers have been aggregated is used in the situation in which CDM-4 is applied, CDM-4 of a different form may be applied/configured for each CSI-RS resource/configuration aggregated with Q-port. In Rel-13, in the case of a 16-port CSI-RS resource/configuration aggregated in an 8-port CSI-RS resource/configuration unit, CDM-4 is applied to a 2×2 RE. In the case of a 12-port CSI-RS resource/configuration aggregated in a 4-port CSI-RS resource/configuration unit, CDM-4 is applied in a legacy 4-port CSI-RS form in which six carriers have been spaced apart. If such a CDM-4 application method of Rel-13 is applied to a Q-port CSI-RS resource/configuration in which CSI-RS resource/configurations of different port numbers have been aggregated, performance degradation attributable to a performance difference between ports is expected because different CDM-4 forms will be applied to the 8-port CSI-RS resource/configuration and 4-port CSI-RS resource/configuration of a Q-port CSI-RS resource/configuration.
In a channel environment in which a channel change is not severe in a frequency axis, to share a 16-port CSI-RS resource having a high reuse rate may be more advantageous when many Rel-13 UEs that require CSI-RS resource sharing are located in a cell edge. Accordingly, an eNB may notify a UE, configured with CDM-4, of i) whether aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations have different port numbers or ii) whether aggregated CSI-RS resources/configurations have the same number of ports through RRC. In addition, the eNB may notify the UE of a port numbering rule which may be applied to each case through RRC.
Meanwhile, in the case of a Q-port CSI-RS, the application of CDM-8 may be taken into consideration as a method for improving transmit power per port. In this case, Equation 25 may be simply used as a port numbering method or Equation 24 may be used for forward compatibility.
First, a UE may receive CSI-RS configuration/resource information on a CSI-RS configuration/resource to which a CSI-RS is mapping from an eNB (S4510). In this case, the CSI-RS configuration/resource may correspond to a Q-port CSI-RS configuration/resource in which a plurality of legacy CSI-RS configurations/resources has been aggregated. All of the plurality of aggregated legacy CSI-RS configurations may have the same number of ports (e.g., 4-port or 8-port) or at least some of them may correspond to CSI-RS configurations/resources having a different port number.
Furthermore, the plurality of legacy CSI-RS configurations/resources may be mapped to a plurality of antenna ports in which legacy CSI-RS port numbers corresponding to the plurality of legacy CSI-RS configurations/resources have been numbered.
Next, the UE may receive a CSI-RS through a plurality of antenna ports from an eNB based on the CSI-RS configuration information (S4520).
If a CDM type of the CSI-RS configuration/resource has been configured as CDM-4, some of the plurality of legacy CSI-RS configurations/resources may be shared with a legacy UE (e.g., a UE of a system following Rel-14). In this case, a port numbering method of first antenna ports to which the legacy CSI-RS configurations/resources shared with the legacy UE are mapped may be configured differently from a port numbering method of second antenna ports to which legacy CSI-RS configurations/resources not shared with the legacy UE are mapped.
More specifically, the port numbering method of the first antenna ports may correspond to a method of sequentially assigning legacy CSI-RS port numbers, corresponding to a shared legacy CSI-RS configuration/resource, to the first antenna ports in ascending powers of configuration numbers for each shared legacy CSI-RS configuration/resource. In this case, the sequential assigning may mean that the legacy CSI-RS port numbers are sequentially assigned to the first antenna ports in a port group unit having the same polarization among the first antenna ports and in a pre-configured direction (e.g., vertical and/or right direction) within the layout of the first antenna ports.
The port numbering method of the second antenna ports may correspond to a method of mapping the second antenna ports to an antenna port group grouped in the same port number unit in a one-to-one manner for each not-shared legacy CSI-RS configuration/resource, but sequentially assigning the second antenna ports in unit of second antenna port units having the same polarization within an antenna port group in which legacy CSI-RS port numbers corresponding to the respective not-shared legacy CSI-RS configurations/resources are mapped in a one-to-one manner. In this case, the sequentially assigning may mean that the legacy CSI-RS port numbers are assigned to second antenna ports having a first polarization within the one-to-one mapped antenna port group in ascending powers in a pre-configured direction within a layout of the antenna port group and that the remaining legacy CSI-RS port numbers not assigned to second antenna ports having a second polarization different from the first polarization are assigned in ascending powers in a pre-configured direction (e.g., vertical and/or right direction) within the layout of the antenna port group.
In addition, the port numbering methods of the first and second antenna ports are the same as those described above in relation to
A one-to-one mapping relation may be established between the final number of CSI-RS ports sequentially assigned to a plurality of antenna ports in a port group unit having the same polarization for a UE configured with a CSI-RS configuration/resource (e.g., Q-port UE) and legacy CSI-RS port numbers assigned to a plurality of antenna ports according to the port numbering methods applied to the first and second antenna ports for a legacy UE configured with shared legacy CSI-RS configurations/resources.
Such a mapping relation between the final number of CSI-RS ports and the legacy CSI-RS port numbers may be represented like Equation 28. Equation 28 may be limitedly applied if the layout of a plurality of antenna ports to which a CSI-RS configuration/resource is mapped is a 20-port, 28-port and/or 32-port antenna layout in which the size of a column S1 is equal to or greater than that of a row S2 and/or if the layout of the plurality of antenna ports is a 24-port antenna layout in which the size of a row S2 of the layout is 1, 2, 4 or 3.
Furthermore, although not shown in the flowchart, the UE may receive information on the layout of a plurality of antenna ports to which CSI-RS configurations/resources are mapped, information on the layout of first antenna ports to which shared CSI-RS configurations/resources are mapped and/or information on a port numbering method from the eNB through RRC signaling.
General Apparatus to which the Present Invention May be Applied
Referring to
The eNB 4610 includes a processor 4611, memory 4612 and a radio frequency (RF) unit 4613. The processor 4611 implements the functions, processes and/or methods proposed in
The UE 4620 includes a processor 4621, memory 4622 and an RF unit 4623. The processor 4621 implements the functions, processes and/or methods proposed in
The memory 4612, 4622 may be positioned inside or outside the processor 4611, 4621 and may be connected to the processor 4611, 4621 by various well-known means. Furthermore, the eNB 4610 and/or the UE 4620 may have a single antenna or multiple antennas.
In the aforementioned embodiments, the elements and characteristics of the present invention have been combined in specific forms. Each of the elements or characteristics may be considered to be optional unless otherwise described explicitly. Each of the elements or characteristics may be implemented in a form to be not combined with other elements or characteristics. Furthermore, some of the elements and/or the characteristics may be combined to form an embodiment of the present invention. Order of the operations described in the embodiments of the present invention may be changed. Some of the elements or characteristics of an embodiment may be included in another embodiment or may be replaced with corresponding elements or characteristics of another embodiment. It is evident that an embodiment may be constructed by combining claims not having an explicit citation relation in the claims or may be included as a new claim by amendments after filing an application.
The embodiment according to the present invention may be implemented by various means, for example, hardware, firmware, software or a combination of them. In the case of an implementation by hardware, the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented using one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, etc.
In the case of an implementation by firmware or software, the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in the form of a module, procedure or function for performing the aforementioned functions or operations. Software code may be stored in the memory and driven by the processor. The memory may be located inside or outside the processor and may exchange data with the processor through a variety of known means.
It is evident to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be materialized in other specific forms without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Accordingly, the detailed description should not be construed as being limitative, but should be construed as being illustrative from all aspects. The scope of the present invention should be determined by reasonable analysis of the attached claims, and all changes within the equivalent range of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Various forms for implementing the invention have been described in the best form for implementing the invention.
The present invention has been illustrated as being applied to the 3GPP LTE/LTE-A system, but may be applied to various wireless communication systems in addition to the 3GPP LTE/LTE-A system.
This application is the National Stage filing under 35 U.S.C. 371 of International Application No. PCT/KR2017/008780, filed on Aug. 11, 2017, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/373,952, filed on Aug. 11, 2016, and No. 62/417,464, filed on Nov. 4, 2016, the contents of which are all hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2017/008780 | 8/11/2017 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018/030855 | 2/15/2018 | WO | A |
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| 1020140073552 | Jun 2014 | KR |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190191444 A1 | Jun 2019 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 62373952 | Aug 2016 | US | |
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