Patent Grant
10392918
In the drilling and completion industry, the formation of boreholes for the purpose of production or injection of fluid is common. The boreholes are used for exploration or extraction of natural resources such as hydrocarbons—oil and gas, and/or controlled injection of produced fluids (water, CO2, etc.) for disposal, reservoir pressure maintenance or sequestration. Well construction, and subsequent production therefrom and monitoring thereof, involve expensive, time-consuming operations and personnel having varying degrees of knowledge with respect to certain facets of the operations. It is not always economically or operationally feasible to provide subject matter experts (“SMEs”) onsite for the entirety of such operations.
Complex processes include various phases and a variety of serial and parallel steps performed in each phase. Pertinent data or information is collected during the various process steps and used separately or in conjunction with other real-time or historical information to make decisions relating to the process. Often different individuals make decisions and perform different steps and at different locations, that can have a bearing on the outcome of other steps in the process. Sometimes different security levels are associated with different personnel, in that restrictions are imposed to filter which persons are privy to what type of data and which persons are authorized to make what decisions. One such process is the process of recovering hydrocarbons (oil and gas) from subsurface formations. Such a process includes drilling of a well or wellbore at a selected drilling site from a drilling platform, completing the wellbore for production, producing hydrocarbons from the competed well, monitoring production and performing secondary recovery operations (fracturing, stimulation, workover etc.). The drilling process alone generally involves various entities, such as one or more oil companies as the primary operator, drilling contractors to perform drilling operations, service companies to perform different operations based on the respective company's services or proprietary technologies, regulatory bodies and various other subcontractors. Decisions are made and action executed by a variety of personnel prior to and during the well life cycle, planning, drilling, completions, production and abandonment activities. For example, the oil company engineers may make early decisions relating to the location and profile of the well based on a variety of data, including, but not limited to, seismic surveys, data from nearby wells, environmental impact studies, and governmental regulations. Drilling contractor personnel perform drilling operations and make many decisions relating to the drilling operations based on real-time and other information, including, but not limited to, decisions made by the operators, downhole and surface sensor measurements, information relating to nearby wells, information received from remote locations, such as service companies, and measurements provided by service companies. The drilling site includes a platform, a communications and control room with a variety of screens that display images of measurements of parameters relating to a drill string used for drilling the wellbore and parameters relating to the formation through which the well is being drilled. Decisions are made in meetings held among specialists from one or more entities and are then communicated to the platform. Communications among various personnel occur over different communication modes, such as audio conferencing, video conferencing, electronic mail (email), etc., and such information is available in fragmented form. Some of the real-time information is not captured. Additionally, various types of interrelated information are not available in time-synchronized form and integrated or correlated form for real-time use or for performing analysis.
The art would be receptive to improved or alternative systems and methods for providing real-time maintenance, trouble shooting, and process assurance for the oilfield.
A method of remotely reducing downtime of an operational system includes directly accessing information from the operational system by a diagnostic computer, the information accessed from at least one prime mover controller, a user interface computer, at least one switch, at least one networking connection, and at least one sensor configured to sense and capture a measurable parameter of the operational system; transmitting the information from the diagnostic computer to an off-site operations center; using the information at the off-site operations center to monitor, review or improve status and performance of components within the operational system; using the information at the off-site operations center to assess communication status and connectivity issues of connections between the components of the operational system; and, communicating issues with the operational system from the off-site operations center to the operational system.
An operation, communication, and executions facilitation system includes an operational system, a diagnostic system, at least one modular system, a secured or dedicated network, a data center, and at least one operations center. The operational system includes onsite job equipment having at least one prime mover controller, a user interface computer, at least one switch, at least one networking connection, and at least one sensor configured to sense a physical parameter of the operational system. The diagnostic system includes an onsite diagnostic computer at the operational system, the diagnostic system configured to enable access of information from the at least one prime mover controller, the user interface computer, the at least one switch, the at least one networking connection, and the at least one sensor. The at least one modular system device includes at least one onsite fixed-base camera configurable at an onsite location directed at the job equipment for remote live operation viewing by at least one offsite actor, at least one onsite hand-held or wearable camera directable by at least one onsite actor at selected equipment for remote live viewing of custom images by the at least one offsite actor, at least one audio communication device usable by the at least one onsite actor, and the user interface computer configurable to receive data from onsite equipment. The secured or dedicated network is connected to one or more of the at least one modular system device. The data center is in communication with the secured or dedicated network. The at least one operations center is at an offsite location configured to be manned by the at least one offsite actor and configured to receive data via the data center from the at least one modular system device and from the diagnostic system. Two-way communication between the at least one offsite actor and the at least one onsite actor is accomplished through one or more of the at least one onsite hand-held or wearable camera, at least one audio communication device, and the user interface computer.
A method of providing and facilitating real-time equipment maintenance, trouble-shooting, and targeted remote operational process assurance of an operation includes selecting an operational system having control and signal connections between components of job equipment; configuring a diagnostic computer to connect to and receive data from at least one prime mover controller, user interface computer, at least one switch, at least one networking connection, and at least one sensor of the operational system; selecting one or more modular system devices from a group including at least one onsite fixed base camera configurable at an onsite location to be directed at operation equipment for remote live operation-viewing by at least one offsite actor, at least one onsite hand-held or wearable camera directable by at least one onsite actor at selected equipment for remote live viewing of custom images by the at least one offsite actor, at least one audio communication device to be manned by the at least one onsite actor; connecting the one or more modular system devices and diagnostic computer to a network; configuring a data center to be in communication with the secured network; and, manning an operations center at an offsite location with the at least one offsite actor, the operations center configured to receive, record, playback, transfer, analyze and report data via the data center from the one or more modular system devices and the diagnostic computer. Two-way communication between the at least one offsite actor and the at least one onsite actor is accomplished through one or more of the at least one onsite hand-held or wearable camera, at least one audio communication device, and the user interface computer.
The following descriptions should not be considered limiting in any way. With reference to the accompanying drawings, like elements are numbered alike:
A detailed description of one or more embodiments of the disclosed apparatus and method are presented herein by way of example and not limitation with reference to the Figures.
To facilitate at or near real-time collaboration regarding maintenance, troubleshooting, and process assurance between oilfield personnel and subject matter experts (“SMEs”) located at various support sites, the systems and methods described herein will provide the platform and the technical capability to enable an efficient interaction between the various parties. The system includes: interactive streaming and recording multimedia data (using fixed and/or hand-held cameras, audio communication devices, etc.) and relevant operational parameters from the oilfield site to subject matter expert; interactive dedicated two way audio between oilfield site and subject matter expert(s); interactive subject matter monitoring capability to see and hear what is going on with workflow application support that will allow the user to validate and verify that the appropriate job/actions are being taken at the oilfield site, especially those considered critical to wellsite operations; and recording and reporting of all multimedia, operational, and workflow data.
On site or on-premise, at least a portion of the cementing unit 24 (or other systems and devices to be monitored), will be within sight of one or more fixed base cameras 26 for remote, live operation viewing. By “fixed” it should be understood that the cameras 26 may include movable devices that are remotely steerable with respect to their fixed base to alter a viewing angle. Further, at least a portion of the cementing units 24 or job area 16 may be selectively image-captured by one or more on-site handheld cameras 12 for remote, live viewing of custom images involved in difficult to reach or remote locations on the platform, or remote facility. The hand-held camera 12 enables both live mobile video and still pictures, two-way communication through camera 12, and two-way on-screen image annotation. One embodiment of such a hand-held camera 12 that may be employed for this purpose is the Onsight™ camera, available from Librestream.
The data provided by the fixed base cameras 26 and the handheld cameras 12 is sent over secured network 28. For example, 192.168.1.0/24 is the prefix of the Internet Protocol Version 4 network starting at the given address, having 24 bits allocated for the network prefix, and the remaining 8 bits reserved for host addressing. Both the fixed base cameras 26 and the hand-held cameras 12 communicate over network 28 with at least one server 30, at least one audio communication device 32 for 2-way communication, and at least one personal computer 34. The server 30 may be a virtual machine digital video recorder application management server. The audio communication device 32 may be a radio that provides push-to-talk access between onsite or on-premise personnel or onsite or on-premise actors 36, 38 and offsite personnel or offsite actors 40, such as off-shore rig personnel and on-shore personnel, and communicates with the network 28 via the IP gateway 42. Further, software may be incorporated to convert cell-phones, tablets, and PCs into two-way radios for providing the audio communication devices 32. The PC 34 may receive, view, store, analyze, and send pumping data or other operational data, such as data from sensors for foam cementing system which can be provided within the organizational area 18 and/or the job area 16, from the cementing unit or job equipment 24, and communicate with the network 28 via the screen encoder 44. A screen encoder 44 may also be used for on-land computers that are aggregating data from the rig-site. A screen encoder attaches to a monitor displaying data and scrapes/copies the screen and transmits it as a video file that is time synchronized into the video aggregation/recording system. This allows an operator to tap into data screens that are otherwise not directly integrated to. This function can be performed on rig side monitors or onshore monitors that are displaying rig-side data.
The operation and communication system 10 will further include access to secured satellite Internet, although in some embodiments the communication protocol may also or alternatively travel through fiber, microwave corporate networks and land based networks. Satellite Internet generally relies on three primary components including a satellite in geostationary orbit or a geosynchronous Earth orbit (not shown), at least one ground station known as a gateway, e.g. satellite hub station 46, that relays Internet data to and from the satellite via radio waves, and a very-small-aperture terminal (“VSAT”) dish antenna with a transceiver 48, located within an onsite satellite communication system 50 in the communication area 20 at the onsite location 14. Firewall 52 is interposed between the onsite satellite communication system 50 and the network 28. The firewall 52 performs Internet Protocol blocking to protect the network 28 from unauthorized access. That is, the firewall 52 controls access to the network 28 based on the IP address of a client computer, such as a computer at the operations center or centers 54. The onsite satellite communications system 50 may communicate with the network 28 via switch 56 and router 58.
The onsite satellite communications system 50 will allow communications between the PC 34, audio communication device 32, server 30, fixed base camera 26, and hand-held camera 12 of the system 10 and operations center 54, such as but not limited to a cementing operations center, and a data center 60. As shown in the WAN data flow architecture of the operation and communication system 10, this is accomplished with satellite hub station 46, which communicates over the Internet 62 to a data center 66 connected to a service provider's area network 64 of the operation and communications system 10. The operations center 54 and data center 60 are connectable to the network 64 via routers 68, 70, and thus are in communication with the PC 34, audio communication device 32, server 30, onsite fixed base camera 26, and onsite hand-held camera 12 via the Internet 62 and satellite communication system 50 and satellite hub station 46. The operations center 54 may use and incorporate mobile video viewers and telestration screen encoders, IP dispatch consoles, incident response apps, and synchronized audio/video players. The center 54 is further a location for subject matter experts to view the data and images from the onsite location 14 and provide appropriate feedback. The data center 60 may include audio/video playback server, workflow engine server, digital video recorder, backup digital video recorder, application management server, database server, and gateway host server.
The operation and communication system 10 will connect and transmit data from certain oilfield side collaboration technologies such as fixed base cameras 26, hand-held cameras 12, and audio communication devices 32 to the subject matter expert 40 (one of the off site actors) in a bi-directional fashion. This data along with the relevant operational or sub-surface data will be transmitted and recorded in real-time to the subject matter expert 40. The subject matter expert 40 will be able to enhance his visual and audio experience by following the activities of the oilfield personnel 36 (one of the onsite actors) using a workflow engine that is time synchronized with the video and audio data, as will be further described below with reference to
Systems and methods for integrating and using information are further described in U.S. Patent Publication US 2012/0143899 to Arango et al., which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. The concepts, systems and methods disclosed herein are generally applicable to information generated in any process. Such concepts, systems and methods are particularly applicable to complex processes, including, but not limited to, the oil well-related processes, such as well-drilling, cementing services, well-completion (hydraulic fracturing, stimulation, etc.), well testing, well maintenance and well monitoring as well as live training support. The system and methods disclosed herein are equally applicable to other business, industrial and commercial processes that utilize information and data in a variety of forms during various steps of the process. Systems and methods for capturing (recording) video information, still images (pixels), audio information (such as conferences, voice messages, etc.) and text (written) information relating to a process such as from emails and other documents) is provided. In the case of a well drilling process, such information includes, but is not limited to, screen shots at well site, audio and video information at well site, well logs, decisions made and the identity of persons making such decisions (written or verbal), conformation of task(s) completions, data from remote locations (such as operators, service companies, etc.), historical data, data from near-by wells (for example, seismic data), regulatory information and compliance data. During post-drilling operations the captured or obtained information may include, but is not limited to, monitoring data (surface and subsurface), decision data, cementing services and hydraulic fracturing and stimulation data, all in any suitable form (audio, video and text). The information captured relates to both subsurface and surface activities. In aspects, the captured information is enhanced, such as by time-synchronizing the captured information, integrating or correlating the captured information and/or time-synchronized information in a useful form and providing a variety of manners in which the enhanced information may be utilized by authorized users. The correlation may be based on one or more selected criteria, including, but not limited to, time, persons (actors) originating or involved in generating the information or performing an act, activity type, and place of occurrence (venue). In aspects, the system may provide access to the integrated and correlated information to individuals to the extent of their pre-authorization. The user, in aspects, may interface with the captured and enhanced information in a variety of ways, for example, a user may query information in a variety of ways, including, but not limited to, key-word, time, activity type or subject matter, person's name, place of activity, process step, audio relating to an activity, video relating to an activity, a parameter relating to the process, and all or a portion of the information. In another aspect, the user may view the information in a variety of manners, including, but not limited to, ability to play back, fast forward and pause while viewing such information. Such playback features may be provided in real or near-real time and/or at later times. In other aspects, based on the authority or clearance level, the system supports editing (make corrections, add comments, etc.) and send such edited information back to the system for storage.
In aspects, the video information, screen shots, audio information, such as from meetings or conferences, text information, such as from emails, may be captured and recorded using any suitable method or devices. Emails may be just one of the information sources for people executing steps of a business process, such as an oil and or gas well process or activity. This information may be obtained through software screen captures or agents, or through hardware devices added to the audio and video systems. The information may be captured and transmitted in real or near-real time to a central source, recorded locally for later transfer or it may be transferred as the bandwidth becomes available via an appropriate quality of service setting. Because, the information captured for a complex process, such as a well process, can be extensive, a Data Drizzle technology may optionally be utilized. Data Drizzle technology enables a digital video recorder to operate without interfering with the bandwidth needed for real time operations, wherein data is transmitted a bit at a time, over time. It utilizes more bandwidth when available, and very little or none when the connection is busy. In another aspect, the captured and enhanced information may be compressed as various snapshots of the video data contain much common information and a differential comparison of screens allows a relatively small portion of the data to be transmitted in a compressed format. In other aspects, the system may perform time synchronization across systems to create a unified view of the video and audio information and display the same at points in time. It also may include built-in correction for time errors across systems by sending synchronizing audio sounds and/or video images to multiple systems. These artifacts may be used to correct a time offset and compute and correct for time drift.
The system may further record the identity of individuals using and contributing data and decisions. The system may further archive the recorded and integrated information along with the identity of individuals who have who have the right to access and the extent of such right to the information and under what conditions. The system allows access to the captured and integrated information based on access control rules. The system may further include record and escrow information to determine whether the information has been altered and log such acts and determine the identity of the person or persons who performed such acts and the timing of such acts. The system may optionally link any additional data (such as sensor data) from other systems (such as PLC and controls systems) into the sequence of screen shots and audio data to determine additional system status at the time of recording. The above-noted and additional features of the disclosure herein are described below in reference to
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In another aspect, the system 210 may also be configured such that a legitimate recipient of information may perform a variety of functions on the received information. For example, the recipient may view the information in a still mode or in a continuous mode when the information is stored in a video mode. In another aspect, the recipient may pause, fast forward the information, go back to a previously viewed segment of the information and edit the information. The edits may include time stamps and the identity of the recipient. Any such information sent back to the system 210 may be stored and integrated with other information in the manner described in reference to
Thus, in aspects, the systems and methods disclosed herein can provide targeted traceability of the information about any and every step in a process chain. In one aspect, the term traceability may be referred to as a substantial completeness of the information about one or more steps in a process. In another aspect, traceability may be defined as an unambiguous and substantially complete record of decisions and assumptions implemented and of the modes and data used in arriving at a given set of results for a process. In another aspect, the systems and methods provide a chain of custody of the information. The chain of custody provides an indication of the ownership of the information from the origination through a time period and may indicate any links of broken custody. In other aspects, the systems and methods herein provide the ability to track (identify and measure) all stages leading to a particular point in a process that consists of a chain of interrelated events. In another aspect, the systems and methods provide mechanisms to relate the captured and integrated information to selected references and standards (such as local standards set by an operator and national or international standards set by the industry or a governing body) through an unbroken chain of comparisons. The systems and methods also provide identification of the origin of captured information and personnel creating or interacting with the captured information.
Once in place, the operation and communication system 10 can support various collaborative uses to improve efficiency, quality, safety and performance, including but not limited to, trouble-shooting, such as when the oilfield personnel (onsite actor 36) has a technical problem and needs expert help, the onsite actor 36 would initiate a session with the relevant SME 40 to walk him or her through a fix. Also, tele-maintenance can be accomplished using the operation and communication system 10. During routine maintenance activities, the SME 40 can provide on-demand guidance and technical insights related to routine and non-routine findings and issues on demand. Job advisory and witnessing is further enabled by the operation and communication system 10. During the actual service or job, the SME 40 can provide virtual over the shoulder guidance, process assurance and operations conformance while monitoring for safe working conditions. Separately, this will allow relevant stakeholders to remotely witness critical points of the job operations in conjunction with conventionally recorded data (pressure, rate, etc). Advantageously, the operation and communication system 10 may further provide process safety assurance ensuring operational task are conducted to conformance requirements. Visual or operational process safety triggers will automatically prompt SME 40 to validate and verify appropriate barrier workflow is deployed as per job plan, management of change or prescribed practices. The system 10 has the ability to tie into alert/alarm/threat detection software/tools that can automatically drive a certain workflow/procedure to be displayed as well as the relevant video/audio channels to open. This triggering of the surveillance and the workflow will allow the remote SME to efficiently handle the respective situation, not exclusive to process safety incidents, but any of the use cases described herein.
As further examples, on critical cementing jobs located in remote parts of the world, the cementer (e.g., onsite actor 36) will be able interact with the relevant engineering or operations SME 40 to trouble shoot technical or engineering related issues with the cementing unit 24, including operations function (valve, actuator, mixer, hydraulics, electronics, etc), maintenance (repair or replace), testing post repair work, receive on-demand guidance regarding pre-job maintenance anomalies, access the experience of veteran cementing experts (e.g. offsite actor 40) when unexpected workflow situations arise over the course of the job.
A real-time approach to these activities will significantly improve existing operational practices by reducing non-productive time related to contacting experts 40 using non-dedicated rig/field side communication channel, eliminating or at least reducing language or communication delays/barriers by taking advantage of targeted visual verification and validation with the video feeds, allowing organizations to baseline and record job and maintenance process performance and driving continuous improvement, creating a traceable record of operational activities to support legal, compliance, and stakeholder documentation or recordkeeping requirements. Furthermore, relevant recorded information can be used for training and training manuals.
To fully appreciate the operation and communication system 10 at an oilfield site 16, an organized deployment methodology should be followed that would include a clear set of business requirements and intended outcomes, understanding and documenting existing technical capabilities, gaps, and restrictions of the oilfield site 16 and the corresponding subject matter expert locale 22, and change management process support, and especially with process(es) considered to be critical, developing a situation specific technical architecture that clearly documents the flow of data.
The operation and communication system 10 would require deployment and realization of technical architecture. That is, before operational realization, necessary legal and information technology approvals should be obtained to ensure the un-inhibited flow of information and data. Also, appropriate oilfield side information technology devices including but not limited to servers, switches, routers, Wi-Fi routers etc. need to be put into place, as well as appropriate multi-media data sources including but not limited to zone rated (if applicable) fixed video cameras 26, hand-held cameras 12, two way radio's 32, wearable video/radio devices, and mobile computing devices. The personal computer may be stationary desktop, laptop or tablet. The system 10 may include all of the multi-media data sources, usable as modular devices, such that the appropriate combination is selected from the set of multi-media data sources for a particular operation. Additionally, necessary bandwidth, data transmission protocol, firewall exceptions and approvals and receiving data center capacity should be in place. Training and orientation for field and support SME personnel 36, 38, 40 would further optimize the operation and communication system 10, as would records ownership and retentions plan.
Once the operation and communication system 10 is in place for a particular oilfield site 16, the system 10 would be scalable to encompass the needs of multiple and varying oilfield related requirements associated with field development (remote sensing), well construction (drilling fluids management, bottom hole assembly (“BHA”) management/maintenance for logging while drilling (“LWD”)/measurements while drilling (“MWD”), blow-out preventer (“BOP”) testing, cementing equipment operations support and maintenance (casing, plug placement, tool servicing), logging operations support, completion systems (upper and lower) assembly and operations support, stimulation support, pipeline processing pre-commissioning, servicing support production and facilities maintenance support, field and well decommissioning/abandonment support, remote operated vehicle (“ROV”) maintenance and services support.
Thus, an operation, communication, and executions facilitation system has been disclosed that includes at least one modular system device including at least one onsite fixed-base camera configurable at an onsite location directed at job equipment for remote live operation viewing by at least one offsite actor, at least one onsite hand-held (or wearable or otherwise portable) camera directable by at least one onsite actor at selected equipment for remote live viewing of custom images by the at least one offsite actor, at least one audio communication device usable by the at least one onsite actor, and at least one personal computer configurable to receive data from onsite equipment; a secured or dedicated network connected to one or more of the at least one modular system device; a data center in communication with the secured or dedicated network; and, at least one operations center at an offsite location configured to be manned by at least one offsite actor and configured to receive data via the data center from at least one modular system device; wherein two-way communication between at least one offsite actor and at least one onsite actor is accomplished through one or more of the at least one onsite hand-held camera, at least one audio communication device, and at least one personal computer.
The system may further include an onsite secured satellite communications system configured to send data from the network to a satellite hub station via satellite Internet, and wherein the data center is in communication with the satellite hub station.
The system may further include a firewall between the onsite satellite communications system and the network.
The system may further include a processor connected to the network and data center and be configured to obtain a first set of information in a first form that includes a plurality of images from the at least one fixed base camera and the at least one hand-held camera generated over a selected time period as a result of monitoring targeted well process, obtain a second set of information in a second form that includes a decision made in running one or more targeted well processes that generates the first set of information in the first form, time synchronize the first set of information in the first form and the second set of information in the second form, integrate the time-synchronized first set of information in the first form and second set of information in the second form, and provide the integrated data to at least one offsite actor based on an authorization of at least one offsite actor to allow at least one offsite actor to analyze the decision made in running the one or more well processes.
The first set of information may be stamped with an identity of at least one onsite actor involved in generating the first set of information and a time, and may further include audio from the at least one audio communication device.
The system may further include a plurality of sensors configured to sense a plurality of parameters of the operation, wherein data from the plurality of sensors is receivable by at least one personal computer, and at least one visualization station at least one operations center, at least one visualization station including a visualization screen displaying data from at least one modular device and the plurality of sensors. The visualization station may further include an adaptive response workflow screen and a map visualization screen. The visualization station may further include workflow and multi-media recording and reporting.
The at least one audio communication device may be at least one handheld push-to-talk radio handset.
A method of providing and facilitating real-time equipment maintenance, trouble-shooting, and targeted remote operational process assurance of an operation, includes selecting one or more modular system devices from a group including at least one onsite fixed base camera configurable at an onsite location to be directed at operation equipment for remote live operation-viewing by at least one offsite actor, at least one onsite hand-held camera directable by at least one onsite actor at selected equipment for remote live viewing of custom images by at least one offsite actor, at least one audio communication device to be manned by e at least one onsite actor, and at least one personal computer configurable to receive data from onsite equipment; connecting the one or more modular system devices to a network; configuring a data center to be in communication with the secured network; and, manning an operations center at an offsite location with at least one offsite actor, the operations center configured to receive, record, playback, transfer, and analyze data via the data center from the one or more modular system devices; wherein two-way communication between at least one offsite actor and at least one onsite actor is accomplished through one or more of at least one onsite hand-held camera, at least one audio communication device, and at least one personal computer.
The method may further includes configuring a plurality of sensors to sense a plurality of parameters of the operation, and sending data from the plurality of sensors to the at least one personal computer.
Configuring a data center to be in communication with the secured network may include providing an onsite satellite, microwave or fiber-optics communications system configured to send data from the network to a secured satellite hub station via satellite Internet, and wherein the data center is in communication with the satellite hub station. Further, the method may include placing a firewall between the onsite satellite communications system and the network.
The method may further include connecting a processor to the secured network and data center and configuring the processor to obtain a first set of information in a first form that includes a plurality of images from at least one fixed base camera and at least one hand-held camera generated over a selected time period as a result of a well process, obtain a second set of information in a second form that includes a decision made in running the well process that generates the first set of information in the first form, time synchronize the first set of information in the first form and the second set of information in the second form, integrate the time-synchronized first set of information in the first form and second set of information in the second form, and provide the integrated data to the at least one offsite actor based on an authorization of the at least one offsite actor to allow the at least one offsite actor to analyze the decision made in running the well process. The first set of information may be stamped with an identity of the at least one onsite actor involved in generating the first set of information and a time, and the first set of information may further include audio from the at least one audio communication device.
The method may further include supporting data capture with time-stamp of targeted wellsite operations.
The method may further include facilitating remote real-time access to the at least one offsite actor for interaction with the at least one onsite actor regarding targeted wellsite operations related to compliance, safety, asset and personnel security or regulatory guidelines.
The method may further include facilitating real-time equipment operations, maintenance supervision and trouble-shooting from remote locations by the at least one offsite actor.
The method may further include facilitating simultaneous real-time audio and video documentation of executed operations.
The method may further include facilitating remote real-time validation and verification, procedural and process assurance by the at least one offsite actor regarding operational, safety, and security related procedures, workflows and processes.
As noted above, remote operations are difficult to support from an equipment maintenance and manpower perspective. In order to remotely assist in the support of operations, the operation and communication system 10 is enhanced by a diagnostic system 100, shown in
Centralized operation and monitoring of equipment, particularly in offshore deepwater operations, provides the advantages of reduced visa costs and visa applications; reduced number of personnel (onsite actors 36) required offshore, which will benefit the operator and reduce in-transit issues; ability of more experienced operators (offite actors/SMEs 40) to be centralized at the operation center 54 to facilitate support of worldwide operations; immediate access to land based engineering support; ready access to enhanced and immediate training opportunities for onsite actors 36, such as remote cementers; ability for remote diagnostic checks, evaluations, and support of equipment and job operations; quality and operation assurance can be more readily validated and verified in real-time with this technology; opportunity for optimal utilization of experienced personnel on job operations; career advancement opportunities for junior onsite actors 36 (such as cementers) to progress to remote offsite actors/SMEs 40; business advantage of offering dedicated remote offsite actors/SMEs 40 for multiple rigs contracted by a single client; and improved employee work satisfaction with more favorable work locations via centralized remote operations center 54.
While a particular embodiment will be described with respect to cementing services using cementing unit 24, it should be understood that beyond cementing services this technology can be applied to other offshore services such as coiled tubing, hydraulic fracturing, directional drilling, drilling fluids, production chemical, flow assurance, etc.
Diagnostic computer 112 is added to the operational system 104 to monitor the operational characteristics and output of the components 108 of the operational system 104. The diagnostic computer 112, along with the diagnostic lines 110 to the various components 108 of the operational system 104 form a diagnostic system 100 of the operational system 104. In an embodiment of the operation system 104, the diagnostic system 100 monitors and receives data and information from the process computers 130, 132, sensors 150, 152, industrial process computers 120, universal prime mover controllers 124, switches 160, and networking connections 162. The diagnostic system 100, including the diagnostic computer 112, is thus interposed between onsite components 108 of the operational system 104 and the offsite operation center 54. Advanced real-time data monitoring, analysis, diagnostics, and control and/or trouble shooting issues related to hardware and/or software for remote operational systems 104, such as offshore cementing equipment 24, to offsite operation center 54, such as a land based data gathering/management center via secured network is provided. Diagnostic system services include at least diagnostics information, equipment status and component performance, as will be further described below.
Using the diagnostic system 100, communication status, present or not present, “on” or “off” of PLCs 130, 132, 156 and other components 108 is enabled. This provides a functionality indicator that all systems are operating in normal mode via connectivity to components 108 from onshore computer at the operation center 54. The diagnostic system 100 may be in diagnostic mode while running, such as checking connectivity to the components 108 of the operational system 104 every few seconds or other time period. Alternatively, the diagnostic system 100 may immediately detect when the communication status has changed.
Additionally, information regarding equipment status (status of components 108 and associated controlled equipment and components of the operational system 104) is available through the diagnostic system 100 via the UECIIIs 124 and IPCs 120, such as equipment status of any prime movers, engine (diesel), motor (electric) Hertz's and Volts and AMPS, speed, temperature, vibration, power (electric) consumption, fuel (diesel) consumption, energy efficiency, error codes such as overheating, lubrication pressure, diesel fuel injector performance, and loss of cooling medium.
From the sensors, such as 150, 152, monitored by the process-related control system 142, 144 and accessed by the diagnostic system 100, component performance can be analyzed, such as real-time lubrication medium, field devices analysis, Coriolis meter, magnetic flow meter, and guided radar level probe. The process-related control system 142 for mixing receives voltage or AMPS numbers and from that converts that to a density, rate, etc. The meters gather data that is available for conducting real-time analysis of data for performance analysis, component failure prediction and other information.
By using the diagnostic system 100 to monitor the PLC1/2 132, component performance can be analyzed, including the monitoring of real-time faulty switches, over-range, underflow or broken wire for displacement tanks and seawater cooling. Also, in combination with the sensors 140 for the PLC1/2 132, component performance diagnostics and analysis is provided, including over-range, underflow or broken wire via input sensors 140, 144 of 4 to 20 mA analog pressures, levels and temperatures for surge tanks, hydraulic systems, liquid additive systems (“LAS”), and displacement tanks.
Monitoring of the UCEIII 124 and of its servomechanisms 126 and sensors 128 by the diagnostic system 100 provides remote diagnostics of valve control bus problems such as status byte, process data communication status, configuration errors, suppression status on mailbox, operating mode, mapping consistency errors, power active and overflow status or errors.
The diagnostic system 100 further provides remote diagnostics of serial interface between UECIII (engine/motor control computer) 124 and data acquisition processing software computers 154, 156 for operational readiness and trouble free internal buss communications, life counter and the following error codes for serial function block—library support status, COM port outside of valid area, function block not assigned to COM port, function block already assigned to a COM port, COM port already open or closed, a write operation is still active, setting of bus module could not be read, library version does not support temporary setting of communication parameters, bus module could not be initialized, error when writing data into the FIFO buffer of the bus module and content of the FIFO memory was not sent.
The operational system 104 including the diagnostic system 100 described herein further enables remote delivery and diagnostics of process field bus (“Profibus”) interface parameters which can interface with various companies on rig installations. Not only can configuration errors and connectivity issues be identified, but also at least the following information is available for analysis: slave does not respond, slave is not ready, slave is incorrectly parameterized, respond of the slave is not plausible, last parameter telegram incorrect, salve is parameterized from a different master, slave must be parameterized, watchdog enabled, freeze command enabled, sync command enabled and slave not designed. This is relevant to at least the process computers 130, 132 and the data acquisition processing software system 154, 156.
Sensors 150, 152 monitored by the process related control system 142, 144, and thus the diagnostic system 100, including frequency feedback input diagnostics for flowmeter and density transmitters may also be available.
Serial interface of the process related control system 142, 144 is used to provide engineering/job data and to interface with the UECIII 124. It includes a life counter to detect failure and a software serial interface buffer.
The diagnostic system 100 further provides remote access to and calibration (scaling parameters and prove functionality) of analog pressure transducers via UECIII 124 and user interface and monitoring software display 102 with indication of a broken circuit. Control area network (“CAN”) bus sensor transducers, lube temperature/pressure, transmission temperature, and transmission lockup calibration offset parameters and prove functionality via software CAN bus address can further be added for diagnostics of the UECIII 124.
Diagnostic system 100 further enables remote view and testing of digital solenoid outputs for transmission gear and verification of software output address value via the UECIII 124. Further, remote diagnostics of interface between IPCs 120 and UECIIIs 124 for life counter is used to detect failure and associated errors with interface.
Remote diagnostics of the TCP/IP for the user interface and monitoring system 102 on the network (through switches 160 and networking connections 162) with status indicator via process-related control system 142, 144 and data acquisition and processing software system 154 may be further enabled.
Regarding the process-related control system 144 for the liquid additive system, remote calibration and correct operation (alarms indicating a broken feedback circuit, value of software feedback and output addresses) through use of pulse width modulator (“PWM”) diagnostics for hydraulic pumps on centrifugal pumps and liquid additive pumps is enabled by the diagnostics system 100.
The diagnostic system 100 provides diagnostic capability of operational readiness and trouble free internal data bus communication of the network (including signal and control lines or interconnections 110, switches 160, and networking connections 162) of the operational system 104 without need for configuration mode.
Further, with respect to the PLC1/2 132, remote control of cement unit choke 136 verifying correct feedback and alarms for properly operating or faulty choke is provided by the diagnostic system 100.
Component performance diagnostics and feedback assist in determining if relay control circuit outputs are wired correctly and functioning as designed for liquid additive system and VFDs 114, with the diagnostic system 100 monitoring the process related control system 144 for the liquid additive system and the UECIIIs 124, respectively.
With the diagnostics system 100 monitoring the PLC1/2 132, component performance diagnostics of solenoid output are applied to circuit for isolation choke inlet and bypass valves, agitators in the mixing primary and secondary tubs and displacements tanks, flutter and vibration pad.
Using the operational system 104, with connection to the operation center 54, it is further possible to remotely upload job performance requirements to cement unit (or other operational system 104) from onshore operation center 54 to offshore cement unit (or other operational system 104) directly linking a proposal documentation program to PLCs 130, 132, 156 and process-related control systems 142, 144. Such parameters include but are not limited to slurry composition, spacer volumes, lead and tail slurry volumes, yields, densities, mix water density, foam densities, N2 rate, and liquid additive rates specifications. As can be appreciated, sending parameters off shore directly from client information and procedures can assist in removing operator error.
Offshore control software versions for process computers 142, 144, 124, 130, 132, 156 of the operational system 104 may be remotely updated from shore based command and control operation center 54. Further, the template on the data acquisition and processing software system 154 may be updated, and other updates for cement unit process computers 142, 144, 124, 130, 132, 156 provided.
The diagnostic system can further be used for advanced analytics, all data from UECIII 124, for trends, failure predictions, improved PM scheduling, to maximize equipment availability and reduce down time. Any data available in the data acquisition processing software 154 is also accessible by the diagnostic system 100 without conductivity limitations from offshore to onshore computers.
The diagnostic system 100 assists in supporting unit operations from onshore, via sensors 150, 152 associated with the process-related control systems 142, 144 and the PLC job data 156, such as fine-tuning or dampening of proportional integrator and derivative (“PID”) devices supporting liquid additive injection and cement mixing density accuracy, cement surge tank weight and level sensor (sensors for onsite bulk delivery system) real-time monitoring and remote control to facilitate computer assisted consistent bulk to rig delivery systems, synergy between cement unit and rig site control bulk delivery system, and automated real-time monitoring, operations and diagnostics of foam cement mixing equipment comprised of liquid additive injection and nitrogen injection (ratios, constant density or manually controlled).
Combining the diagnostic system 100 with the operation center 54, automated cement unit alarm/alert from the user interface and monitoring software PC 102 for offshore SMEs presenting respective workflow and camera angles to proactively address the alarm/alert situation prior to reaching critical condition, avoiding equipment or job interruption. This configuration reduces need for 24 hour “manned” onshore SME support waiting on call from rig. Diagnostics are further provided through secure dedicated communications (audio and video) networks. The combination can be configured and synchronized to proposed job (such as cementing) procedures with relevant video feeds, enabling remote expert response and process validation, which provides process assurance due to verification that steps are being executed as planned, and reduces risk and associated costs by identifying costly “false alarms” while also providing troubleshooting in real time for if any incident occurs.
The operation and communication system 10 records and reports against relevant data in real-time or post-job analysis, which provides traceability to support compliance, knowledge transfer, and future process improvement, and enables easier collaboration with external organizations. Real-time risk management of well control barriers and procedures may help reduce risks by enforcing standard process safety procedures and best practices, lower incidents by proactively detecting and addressing threats, and leverages reporting and analysis capabilities to drive continuous process improvement for reduced downtime and cost.
Set forth below are some embodiments of the foregoing disclosure:
A method of remotely reducing downtime of an operational system, the method comprising: directly accessing information from the operational system by a diagnostic computer, the information accessed from at least one prime mover controller, a user interface computer, at least one switch, at least one networking connection, and at least one sensor configured to sense and capture a measurable parameter of the operational system; transmitting the information from the diagnostic computer to an off-site operations center; using the information at the off-site operations center to monitor, review or improve status and performance of components within the operational system; using the information at the off-site operations center to assess communication status and connectivity issues of connections between the components of the operational system; and, communicating issues with the operational system from the off-site operations center to the operational system.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, further comprising directly accessing information from two or more separate and locationally distinct operational systems by a diagnostic computer at each operational system and communicating issues with the two or more operational systems from the same off-site operations center.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, wherein directly accessing information from the operational system includes accessing information from a cementing unit.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, wherein the diagnostics computer is part of a diagnostics system including connections to the components of the operational system that are separate from control and signal lines between the components of the operational system.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, further comprising diagnosing interface errors between the components.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, further comprising remotely uploading job parameters to the operational system.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, further comprising remotely updating software for process computers of the operational system from the off-site operations center.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, wherein using the information at the off-site operations center to review status and performance of components within the operational system includes predicting failure of components, and communicating issues includes communicating procedures to prevent failure of components.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, further comprising automatically triggering notification to order materials and to deliver ordered materials to the operational system based on information received at the off-site operations center from material sensors within the operational system.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, wherein communicating issues with the operational system from the off-site operations center to the operational system is via an off-site actor at the off-site operations center to an on-site actor at the operational system.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, wherein communicating issues with the operational system from the off-site operations center to the operational system is via an off-site actor at the off-site operations center to the user interface computer at the operational system.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, wherein assessing communication status and connectivity issues of connections between components of the operational system from the information includes determining if the components are operating as intended.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, further comprising, prior to directly accessing information from the operational system, selecting an existing operational system having control and signal connections between components, and configuring the diagnostic computer to separately connect to the at least one prime mover controller, user interface computer, at least one switch, at least one networking connection, and at least one sensor of the existing operational system.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1, wherein the at least one sensor includes at least one of at least one sensor of a mixing system, at least one sensor of a liquid additive system, at least one sensor of a foam cementing system, and at least one sensor of an onsite bulk delivery system.
The method of remotely reducing downtime of embodiment 1 wherein using the information at the off-site operations center to assess communication status and connectivity issues of connections between the components of the operational system includes detecting broken circuits and faulty switches.
An operation, communication, and executions facilitation system comprising: an operational system having onsite job equipment including at least one prime mover controller, a user interface computer, at least one switch, at least one networking connection, and at least one sensor configured to sense a parameter of the operational system; a diagnostic system including an onsite diagnostic computer at the operational system, the diagnostic system configured to enable access of information from the at least one prime mover controller, the user interface computer, the at least one switch, the at least one networking connection, and the at least one sensor; at least one modular system device including at least one onsite fixed-base camera configurable at an onsite location directed at the job equipment for remote live operation viewing by at least one offsite actor, at least one onsite hand-held or wearable camera directable by at least one onsite actor at selected equipment for remote live viewing of custom images by the at least one offsite actor, at least one audio communication device usable by the at least one onsite actor, and the user interface computer configurable to receive data from onsite equipment; a secured or dedicated network connected to one or more of the at least one modular system device; a data center in communication with the secured or dedicated network; and, at least one operations center at an offsite location configured to be manned by the at least one offsite actor and configured to receive data via the data center from the at least one modular system device and from the diagnostic system; wherein two-way communication between the at least one offsite actor and the at least one onsite actor is accomplished through one or more of the at least one onsite hand-held or wearable camera, at least one audio communication device, and the user interface computer.
The system of embodiment 16, further comprising an onsite first communications system configured to send data from the network to a hub station via a second communication system, and wherein the data center is in communication with the hub station.
A method of providing and facilitating real-time equipment maintenance, trouble-shooting, and targeted remote operational process assurance of an operation, the method comprising: selecting an operational system having control and signal connections between components of onsite equipment; configuring a diagnostic computer to connect to and receive data from at least one prime mover controller, user interface computer, at least one switch, at least one networking connection, and at least one sensor of the operational system; selecting one or more modular system devices from a group including at least one onsite fixed base camera configurable at an onsite location to be directed at operation equipment for remote live operation-viewing by at least one offsite actor, at least one onsite hand-held or wearable camera directable by at least one onsite actor at selected equipment for remote live viewing of custom images by the at least one offsite actor, at least one audio communication device to be manned by the at least one onsite actor; connecting the one or more modular system devices and diagnostic computer to a network; configuring a data center to be in communication with the secured network; and, manning an operations center at an offsite location with the at least one offsite actor, the operations center configured to receive, record, playback, transfer, analyze and report data via the data center from the one or more modular system devices and the diagnostic computer; wherein two-way communication between the at least one offsite actor and the at least one onsite actor is accomplished through one or more of the at least one onsite hand-held or wearable camera, at least one audio communication device, and the user interface computer.
The method of embodiment 18 further comprising facilitating real-time equipment operations, maintenance supervision and trouble-shooting from remote locations by the at least one offsite actor.
The method of embodiment 18 further comprising facilitating simultaneous synchronized real-time audio and video documentation of executed operations.
The use of the terms “a” and “an” and “the” and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. Further, it should further be noted that the terms “first,” “second,” and the like herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The modifier “about” used in connection with a quantity is inclusive of the stated value and has the meaning dictated by the context (e.g., it includes the degree of error associated with measurement of the particular quantity).
The teachings of the present disclosure may be used in a variety of well operations. These operations may involve using one or more treatment agents to treat a formation, the fluids resident in a formation, a wellbore, and/or equipment in the wellbore, such as production tubing. The treatment agents may be in the form of liquids, gases, solids, semi-solids, and mixtures thereof. Illustrative treatment agents include, but are not limited to, fracturing fluids, acids, steam, water, brine, anti-corrosion agents, cement, permeability modifiers, drilling muds, emulsifiers, demulsifiers, tracers, flow improvers etc. Illustrative well operations include, but are not limited to, hydraulic fracturing, stimulation, tracer injection, cleaning, acidizing, steam injection, water flooding, cementing, etc.
While the invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment or embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims. Also, in the drawings and the description, there have been disclosed exemplary embodiments of the invention and, although specific terms may have been employed, they are unless otherwise stated used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention therefore not being so limited.
This application claims the benefit of an earlier filing date from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/090,059 filed Dec. 10, 2014, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
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