This invention relates to methods of applying oral compositions to the temporary and permanent surfaces of the oral cavity. More particularly, this invention relates to a method of using a disposable applicator that is suitable for storing and spreading a small measured quantity of an composition, to apply oral care compositions to the temporary and permanent surfaces of the oral cavity.
Bacterial plaque is the primary cause of gum disease and tooth decay. Plaque is a sticky, colorless film of bacteria that constantly forms on your teeth and gums. Consuming foods high in carbohydrates, such as sugars and starches, can cause these bacteria to create acids which can, over time, damage the teeth and gums. In addition, certain types of plaque bacteria create toxins that can injure the gums and underlying bone.
Plaque that is not removed from the hard dental surfaces can combine with other materials and harden into a rough, porous deposit called calculus or tartar. Once calculus has formed, intervention by a dental professional is typically required to remove the hardened deposit. Calculus that forms above the gum line is primarily a cosmetic concern, causing teeth to appear stained and unsightly. Calculus that extends below the gum line is more difficult to remove completely and, therefore, may lead to the development of periodontal disease and ultimately, tooth loss.
To maintain proper oral hygiene and prevent plaque and subsequent calculus build up on the teeth, the teeth should be cleaned at regular and frequent intervals. The American Dental Association recommends a oral hygiene regimen which includes brushing one's teeth at least twice a day with a fluoride containing toothpaste and a soft bristled toothbrush combined with cleaning between teeth by flossing at least once per day. However, often times it is desirable to brush or otherwise clean the teeth after meals or even snacks. This is particularly important when foods containing high levels of sugars and starches are consumed.
Unfortunately, the use of a conventional toothbrush and toothpaste to clean the teeth may not always be convenient after mealtimes and snacking. Toothbrush and toothpaste articles are typically large, bulky and can become messy after use. Therefore, the average consumer may be disinclined to carry a conventional toothbrush and toothpaste tube for such oral maintenance purposes.
Various disposable oral care toothbrushes and other cleansing devices, such as dental wipes, dental ‘dots’ pre-impregnated with a dentifrice composition, disposable toothbrush heads designed to be adhered to the finger, and the like are known. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,905,113; 3,934,299; 3,070,102; 3,298,507; 3,902,509; 4,875,247; 5,107,562; 5,487,201; 5,678,273; 5,794,774; 6,464,103.
Despite the various disposable oral cleaning devices that have been previously developed, there remains a need for additional, convenient, methods for an individual to apply oral care compositions to the permanent and temporary surfaces of the oral cavity to ensure good dental hygiene throughout the day.
Applicant has surprisingly discovered a method for applying an oral care composition with a container and applicator combination package. The container and applicator combination contemplated for use in the present invention is more particularly described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,007,264 to Koptis, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Packages of this type are manufactured by Cardinal Healthcare under the tradename DelPouch®. However, Applicant has surprisingly discovered that due to its pliable nature, this particular package-type works very well for the compact yet intricate surfaces of the oral cavity.
The present invention relates to a method of applying oral compositions to the temporary and permanent surfaces of the oral cavity comprising the step of obtaining a container and applicator combination formed as an assembly that comprises an internal region that contains an oral care composition and an externally projecting pair of speadable wings, expelling said oral care composition from said internal region and spreading said oral care composition onto the surfaces of the oral cavity with said spreadable wings.
a illustrates a substitute component for a component illustrated in the step of
The present invention relates to a method of applying an oral composition to any of the temporary or permanent surfaces of the oral cavity comprising the steps of obtaining a container and applicator combination formed as an assembly that comprises an internal region that contains an oral care composition and an externally projecting pair of speadable wings, expelling said oral care composition from said internal region and spreading said oral care composition onto the surfaces of the oral cavity with said spreadable wings.
In one embodiment the container and applicator combination employed in the present method may be formed with a pair of flexible foil sheets of substantially identical structure that are superimposed over one another and partially connected together to define there between both an internal region for confining a spreadable substance and an applicator for spreading that substance upon a surface. By pressing the sides of the internal region, the confined fluid ingredients are expressed onto the applicator and/or onto the desired surface. Then, using the container portion as a finger grip, the applicator is moved by hand about the surface to spread the dispensed ingredient over the intended surface. The bond between the foil sheets is strong enough to prevent the sheets from separated by pulling apart the flaps with excessive force; and the oral care composition can be expressed only through a desired outlet.
The foil sheets may be joined together with thermal seams by thermo-sealing as in the prior art packages to define one or more compartments, depending upon the particular application. Confronting end portions of those sheets located at the outlet to a compartment provide wings or flaps that function as the applicator.
In one embodiment the applicator is formed of the ends of the flexible foil sheets, which, left free to pivot, form confronting flaps that may swing outwardly in opposite directions, with the outlet to the container portion located there between. And in alternative embodiments, as an additional feature, the applicator portion of the sheets includes a cleaning surface such as a clothlike absorbent pad, a plurality of bristles, a sponge, or the like. The cleaning surface provides a soft, contourable polishing surface instead of the foil surface and/or provides a sponge like action to suck up expressed liquid and apply it to the surface. A variety of means may be employed to open the dispensing outlet in various embodiments, including squeezing the packages sides, pulling the applicator flaps, tearing, or simply by unfolding the applicator from a stored position.
The container and applicator combination (the “package”) employed within the present invention is adapted to numerous embodiments that vary in construction, structure and features, more particularly understood with reference to the drawing. Beginning this description with one of the more complex embodiments, reference is first made to
A thin absorbent layer or, as variously termed, pad 7, outlined in dash lines, is attached to the underside surface of flap 5. The pad may be a soft cotton material of the kind employed in “Band Aid” brand adhesive bandages, which is both absorbent and soft, or it may be constructed of felt, a sponge, a plurality of short toothbrush-like bristles or other similar material.
The opposite or rear side of the package is a mirror image of the top side, substantially identical in structure, except that the corresponding pad is located on the upper surface of the flap. Referring to
Also one should note that the package is relatively thin, its thickness being quite small relative to its length and width. That small thickness provides essentially a relatively flat geometry to the package. Such a geometry permits large quantities of packages to be stacked and boxed in quantities of a few dozen for display on store shelves and sale to wholesale and/or retail customers.
As shown in the figure, a second flap 6 is located underlying flap 5. A fold line 14 is located between the flap 6 and the container section. The second flap also includes an absorbent pad 8 of like construction to pad 7, which pad 8 confronts.
Container section 3 and the flaps 5 and 6 in this embodiment are suitably formed from two webs or, as variously termed, sheets of flexible packaging foil material that are heat sealed together, as hereinafter described in greater detail. Flaps 5 and 6 are formed of an end portion of such sheets that have not been thermo-sealed together, since they are disconnected in use so they may spread apart during use, as represented by the phantom lines in the figure. As later herein described, in other embodiments the flaps may be temporarily joined by a tear-off strip to prevent the flaps from spreading apart prior to use, maintaining a relatively flat geometry for convenient packing of multiple units in a larger box.
Returning to
Thermal seam 15 is quite strong. It is liquid tight and resists cracking or breaking even under extreme pressures. It cannot be broken in ordinary use even if pressed by hand against a hard surface. It cannot be broken even by pulling flaps 5 and 6 apart with excessive force. Persons who have used flat packages for dispensing mustard and other condiments should be familiar with the strength of the bond. The foregoing thermal seam extends almost entirely around the periphery of the compartment portion 3, leaving a small passage or opening at the center of the lower end in the figure. The passage is the outlet to the container. The width of that outlet passage is less than the width of the container section 3, typically a fraction of the container's width, such as no greater than one-half that width, although the exact width chosen for any practical embodiment may depend on the physical characteristics of the oral care composition. As example, mouthwash, having low viscosity, requires only a tiny hole, while a dentifrice, being of greater viscosity, requires a relatively larger one.
The small passage in thermal seam 15 is optionally closed by exit seal 19, a conventional frangible seal that appears in the shape of a chevron. Unlike thermal seam 15, which is almost impossible to break by hand, this chevron seal is easily broken. The inter-compartment seal 17 is not quite so strong as the exit seal 19, as it is necessary to break this seal first in order to allow mixing of two ingredients before dispensing the mixture, if desired.
Pads 7 and 8 are preferably included for those applications in which the package is intended to hold a liquid very low in viscosity and freely flowing. In such an application, the container outlet should be very small in diameter, almost a pin-hole, allowing the liquid to be squirted out somewhat, instead of freely running off. When the container is opened, the liquid expressed from the container region will be at least be partially absorbed by the pad; and the liquid is spread on the temporary and natural surfaces of the oral cavity from the pad by rubbing the spread applicator pads against those surfaces.
Reference is again made to
The principal body of the package applicator is formed of familiar packaging flexible metal foil material, typically a laminate of metal foil and plastic, as later herein discussed in greater detail. The package walls are thin and flexible and may be easily temporarily deformed when filled with fluid by squeezing the sides of the container section between one's finger and thumb.
For use, removed from external package 10, squeezing the sides of package 1 between the thumb and forefinger of each hand, as represented in
Following such optional mixing, squeezing the package with greater force should force the oral care composition to burst open chevron seal 19 to thereby open the outlet passage and permit the contents to be expressed from the package, such as partially represented in
Assuming the viscosity of the ingredients is great enough, the dispensed ingredient causes the flaps 5 and 6 to pivot in opposite directions spreading them somewhat apart. Holding the container section 3 with ones fingers, the user may then press the ingredient against the desired surface, spreading the flaps further apart and applying the ingredient to the temporary and permanent oral surfaces, such as represented in
As those skilled in the art appreciate, the invention may be produced using existing flexible packaging materials and assembly processes for the most part. It should be appreciated that the foregoing embodiment and the subsequent embodiments herein as well can be fabricated by hand, given the materials and a hand held heat bar, such as a hot iron. However, automated machine assembly is preferred for high volume manufacture.
Reference is made to
In the next step of the fabrication process, as illustrated in
Alternatively, at the step represented in
The one or, optionally, two compartments are then filled with the oral care compositions 2A and, optionally, 2B, using a conventional needle filler. As is known, the filling of flat packages with condiments and other fluid ingredients is often accomplished with a hollow needle. The needle punctures a hole through the side of the packaging material and dispenses the fluid through the needle into the formed internal cavity. Upon withdrawing the needle, the filling machinery seals up the small puncture by heat sealing. That machinery is well known in the packaging art and need not be described further.
Reference is made to
The unit contains a fold line 13′ formed in the sheet material, and a like fold line on the other sheet, not visible in this view. The fold lines assist the flaps to more easily swung around. However, as in the prior embodiment, in alternative embodiments of the invention the fold line may be omitted if desired. Generally speaking, where the material selected is sufficiently pliant, it is possible to pivot or arcuately spread apart the flaps over a wide arc without the inclusion and assistance of a fold line. Where, however, the material selected for the combination is thicker and, hence, of greater stiffness, then inclusion of a fold line is desirable.
The outer end of the two flaps in this embodiment, flap 5′ and the underlying flap 6′ visible in
As illustrated in side view in
As in the prior embodiment, chevron seal 19′ may be fractured by pressing the sides of the package together, to burst the seal and express the oral care composition through the open outlet. Alternatively, with a slight change in positioning of the chevron seal, the chevron outlet seal may be broken, torn apart, when the flaps are manually spread apart. By having chevron 19′ extend a small amount into the region occupied by the flaps, a front portion of the chevron is then thermally formed between the two flaps. As that chevron seal is relatively weak, intentionally made frangible, when the flaps are pulled apart, that pulling force detaches that portion of the seal, thereby opening the outlet. As earlier noted, although the flaps are pulled apart, the package remains intact since it is not reasonably possible to tear the package apart by using excess pull on the flaps due to the strength of the thermal seams.
The foregoing embodiment of
Although the container outlet passage and the chevron seal 19′ to the container are centrally positioned in these and the subsequent embodiments, those skilled in the art appreciate that those elements may alliteratively be positioned at other less preferred locations along the container's end, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The illustrated positioning ensures that there is less likelihood that the dispensed ingredient will in small part fall off a side edge of the flap.
Further, it is appreciated that the axis of the outlet passage in the foregoing and in the succeeding embodiments is preferably straight and coaxial with the principal axis of the container. In that way when the ingredients are expressed under pressure from the container, the ingredient flow should predominantly be toward the front of the unit. However, as those skilled in the art appreciate, the passage axis may be oriented in other directions in alternate embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention, as example, should one prefer the ingredient flow to be toward one side or other of the flap.
Reference is next made to
Each flap includes an absorbent pad 28 and 30, respectively, the latter pad being partially illustrated in the partial cut-out section to the lower left. That pads are attached to the inside surface of the flaps, as in the embodiment of
A relatively shallow sac or bladder or bag 33, as variously termed, is located within compartment section 26's internal region defined between the two foil laminate sheets. Bag 33 is formed in the same manner as the other portion of the unit, that is, by heat sealing the peripheral edge together to form a closed compartment. Further, the bag is filled with the intended ingredient prior to heat sealing the outer sheets together. Bag 33 contains a small neck 34, which serves as the bag's outlet. The neck extends through passage 29 and protrudes into the region of the confronting flaps 31. The neck is closed at the end by a frangible seal, particularly a tear tab 35.
In this embodiment, although the two sheets of flexible foil material are fused together to define an internal compartment, that compartment need not be liquid tight. The internal compartment subsumes another container, which is liquid tight.
For use, the user spreads the confronting flaps aside and accesses and removes the tear tab 34, opening the sack 33. Then, pressing the sides of the container with the fingers (as in
The foregoing construction is more expensive to produce than the embodiments of
Upon reading the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention those skilled in the art should call to mind additional embodiments which are less preferred because they are of a more expensive construction or do not have all of the advantages and features of the foregoing embodiments, all of which come within the scope of the present invention.
As example, some may desire the package for use in the methods of the present invention to have a more rigid applicator handle than the foregoing construction provides. To satisfy such an application, the foregoing structure may be modified to incorporate a more stiff characteristic on at least one side. Reference is made to
In this section view, for purposes of illustration, the one sheet to the left is shown bulging outwardly, as would be the situation in which the container is filled with an oral care composition. However, the reader is reminded that the left sheet would be laying against the other sheet, prior to filling the internal cavity 37 with the packaged ingredient. In top view the embodiment should appear the same as the embodiment of
A relatively thick layer or panel 40 is bonded to the right wall 37B. The panel may comprise a thick layer of thermoplastic material, perhaps two to five times greater in thickness than wall 37B. The panel is bonded to that wall thermally or with an adhesive.
In this embodiment, the frangible closure member is broken, as in most of the described embodiments, by pressing the sides of the container section between ones thumb and finger. However, in this construction, only the one wall 37A would flex, the stiffened wall serving somewhat as an anvil. The stored oral care composition would then be expressed from the container section into the region between the spreadable flaps by continued finger pressing the side walls.
In addition to the panel stiffener, the handle can be constructed to be more stiff in a more economical way. Reference is made to
In this section view, again for purposes of illustration, the one foil sheet to the left 44A is shown bulging outwardly, as would be the situation in which the container is filled with an oral care composition. However, the reader is again reminded that the left sheet 44A would be laying against the other sheet 44B, prior to filling the internal cavity 44 with the oral care composition. And in top view this embodiment should appear the same as the embodiment of
As illustrated the one wall to the right 44B and the flap 45 are formed from a foil sheet laminate that is of greater thickness, suitably, three to five times as thick, and, hence, is more stiff in physical characteristic than the foil sheet laminate to the left. The increased wall thickness to the one side of the container section is thus less pliable or flexible than the other side, and, in that respect, essentially emulates the stiffening panel 40 of the prior embodiment.
As a consequence of the foregoing construction, flap 45 is substantially more thick than flap 43. A fold line 44D is included to assist in pivotal movement of flap 45, such as to a position indicated by the phantom lines to the right. Due to the greater thickness, it is more difficult to pivot the flap 45 without the fold line, whereas a fold line might not be required for flap 43. Although the flaps are not identical in thickness, that should not hinder the operation of the applicator.
In this embodiment, the frangible closure member is broken, as in the prior embodiments, by pressing the sides of the container section between ones thumb and finger. However, in this construction, the one wall 44A would flex to a greater extent than wall 44B, the stiffened wall serving somewhat as an anvil. The stored spreadable ingredient would then be expressed from the container section and into the region between flaps 43 and 45 by continued finger pressing the side walls
The foregoing embodiments are recognized as being rectangular in surface geometry, both wide and narrow in alternative versions and with flap geometries that were either rectangular with rounded corners or almost semicircular in geometry. As those skilled in the art appreciate, the invention may be fabricated in other geometries without departing from the scope of the present invention. As example, additional geometries for the described combination are pictorially illustrated in
Reference is next made to
Just as in the prior embodiments, the inner surfaces of the flaps 59 and 60 may contain an absorbent pad, or like material. However, to simplify this description, the absorbent pads are not illustrated in this embodiment.
An adhesively coated tape 61 is wrapped about the dispensing end of the package, extending laterally across the width, and secures flaps 59 and 60 against panel 55. The tape is of a length, relative to the width of the package, so as to permit one end of the tape, located on tape flap 63, to overlap the other end, located on tape flap 62, when fixed in place. The tape's width is slightly greater than the length of applicator flaps 59 and 60 to permit a side end of the tape to attach directly to a portion of the underlying panel 55 as well as to the surface of the underlying applicator flap 60.
The tape adhesive is such as to provide an adequate protective seal to protect dispensing outlet 57 and, together with the folded over flaps 59 and 60, ensure the outlet remains closed; yet provides an adhesive strength or bond that is sufficiently weak to enable a normal user to easily peel away the tape to release the confined ingredients from the package. Adhesives of that kind are used in the familiar “Post-It.®” notes.
As shown in the perspective view of
The foregoing embodiment is easily manufactured.
Next, as illustrated in
A dose of the fluid oral care composition that is to be packaged in the applicator package, is squirted into the yet unsealed bottom end. The bottom end is then thermally sealed, and completes the filled applicator package earlier illustrated in
When the user wishes to dispense and spread the oral care composition from this applicator package embodiment, the user pulls up on tape flap 63 and pulls the entire tape away from the other elements. The pull on the tape also assists to pull at least the lower flap 60 away from its position atop the upper flap 59 and, ideally, due to friction, both flaps move to the forward extended and spread position. Alternatively, the user can move both flaps to a forward and spread position with the user's fingers. The dispensing outlet is thereby uncovered and is open.
At this juncture, the embodiment functions much like the preceding embodiments. By pressing the sides of the package with ones fingers, the user expresses a portion of the oral care composition from the package onto the desired flaps or surface. With the flaps spread apart, the composition may be easily spread about the oral surfaces.
The foregoing embodiments of a package suitable for use in the methods of the present invention use the same metal foil laminates, typically aluminum foil, found in existing flexible packages. Those skilled in the packaging art recognize the available metal foil laminates, including, by trade identification, Seal-foil 101, which is a metallized polyester or EVA; Seal-foil 102 which is a metalized polyester/polyester gold laminate; Seal-foil 122 is white kraft/metal foil/polyester laminate; Seal-foil 125 ms is a brown/kraft/metal foil/polyester laminate; and Seal-foil 360 is a Nylon/poly/metal foil/poly in successive layers Kraft, metal foil, poly, polypropylene, clear, poly, and meal foil. Preferably a practical form of the foregoing embodiments is constructed from the Seal-foil 360 film laminate.
The foil laminate used for the construction must be one approved for use with oral compositions and one which does not adversely react with the stored oral care composition, or become corroded therefrom.
The surface area defined by the top and bottom sides of the container section of the package applicator combination at a minimum should be of a size that accommodates at least one average thumb size of persons, as that information may be tabulated by the medical authorities, and perhaps be as large as that thumb size as would be expected to be the largest person one would expect to encounter in society. Thus, package embodiments including flaps are anticipated to be between ½ by 1 inch to 6 by 6 inches or larger in size. The container portion of the package should be sized to contain a unit dose of the oral care composition to be used.
In the foregoing embodiments the sides of the container applicators are illustrated as transparent or plain in appearance. However, the practical embodiments of the invention are expected to contain advertising material, brand identification and other printed information and coloring as presently exists for micro-packages.
The size of the container's outlet may be varied depending upon the viscosity of the confined spreadable material and the amount of finger pressure desired to express the ingredient. For a given finger pressure with high viscosity fluids, such as a dentifrice, the closure passage can be quite large; for low viscosity fluids, such as mouthwash, the passage can be minute.
It is understood that oral care compositions are liquids and semi-fluids in any viscosity, high or low, sols and gels and/or pastes. Any oral care composition may be used in the present invention. Such compositions include, but are not limited to, mouthwashes, mouthrinses, toothpastes, tooth gels, oral gels, tooth whitening gels, denture cleansers, denture adhesives and any other compositions suitable for use upon the permanent and temporary surfaces of the oral cavity. The oral care compositions for use in the present invention may include any cosmetic or therapeutic actives, alone or formulated with one or more diluents, excipients, and/or vehicles and carriers that are known in the art. Suitable cosmetic or therapeutic actives include any material that is generally considered safe for use in the oral cavity and that provides changes to the overall appearance and/or health of the oral cavity. The cosmetic and therapeutic actives may be selected from the group consisting of anti-calculus agents; breath fresheners; anti-caries agents such as fluoride ion and stannous ion sources; whitening agents; anti-microbial agents; anti-plaque agents; anti-inflammatory agents; anti-bacterial agents; tooth desensitizing agents; nutrients; antioxidants; antiviral agents; disinfectants; anti-fungal agents; analgesic agents; anesthetic agents; H-2 antagonists; fragrances; sensates; pigments; dyes; lakes; colorants; and mixtures thereof.
As used herein, the term “temporary and permanent surfaces of the oral cavity” include surfaces of natural teeth, dentures, bridges, partials, dental work, braces, retainers, any other dental prosthesis that is fixed or removable from the oral cavity, gums, tongue surfaces, and any other mucosal surface within the oral cavity.
The methods of the present invention can be performed in the mouth or, alternatively outside the mouth when the surfaces to receive the oral care composition are removable from the mouth, such as dentures or a retainer.
Examples of oral care compositions suitable for use in the methods of the present invention follow:
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/US04/30273 | 9/15/2004 | WO | 00 | 3/15/2006 |
Number | Date | Country | |
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60504014 | Sep 2003 | US |