Patent Grant
7288019
This is a National Phase of International Application No. PCT/CN2004/001384, filed on Nov. 30, 2004, which claims priority from Chinese Patent Application No. 200410004721.6 filed on Feb. 24, 2004.
The present invention belongs to the field of surface modification of solid materials, specifically pertains to a method of changing the surface wettability of polymer materials.
Solid surface modification, a well-studied area in surface chemistry and interface engineering, is showing promise in being applied broadly in industry and daily life. The surface property of a solid can be changed after modification of the surface and a series of properties such as absorption, wettability, dispersion, etc. Among the above surface properties of a solid, wettability is of great importance. Wettability is mainly determined by two indispensable factors: the chemical property and the geometrical morphology. The wettability of the solid surface can be changed by changing its roughness.
Currently in this art, there are a variety of methods for modifying the surface of the polymer materials, which may be generally classified as chemical and physical modification methods.
(1) Dipping Modification
In this method, the surface property of the polymer materials is improved by dipping the polymer materials into a treatment solution for oxidization. The disadvantages of using particular treatment solutions include the short life span of such solutions and sometimes repeated dipping.
(2) Photochemical Modification
In this method, the wettability and stickiness of the surface of the polymer materials can be improved through a chemical change induced by the exposure to ultraviolet irradiation.
(3) Surface Graft Modification In this method, plasma, an ultraviolet or chemical agent is used to generate grafting sites on the surface of the polymer materials; then the polymer materials are placed into monomers for grafting.
(4) Radiation Modification
In this method, the polymer materials are subjected to ionization, excitation and the generation of free radicals caused by the radiation in order to break bonds and make cross-links, or the generated free radicals polymerize with other monomers to achieve a surface modification.
(5) Coating Method
In this method, the surface property of the polymer materials is improved by coating some inorganic oxides thereon at a low temperature through a vacuum deposition process.
(6) Plasma Surface Modification
In this method, a large amount of active particles contained in the plasma such as electron, ions, and atoms and molecules in the excited state act on the surface of the polymer materials to induce complex physical and chemical changes causing etching, cracking and polymerizing, and generating a large quantity of free radicals or some polar groups; thus improving the surface property of the polymer materials. The plasma surface modification is advantageous in that only the superficial surface layer of the materials is modified without changing the main body and various surfaces can be modified by using suitable kinds of plasma gases. However, it is disadvantageous in that the degrading effectiveness of plasma exists.
The above methods have main drawbacks as follows during changing of surface wettability of polymer materials:
(1) Wastes are produced, which will pollute the environment, during the chemical modification process;
(2) Radioactive pollutions exist during the radiation modification process;
(3) The vacuum evaporation and plasma surface modification need expensive devices and have a complex operation process.
The objective of the present invention is to provide a method of changing the surface wettability of polymer materials with a process that is simple, highly effective, low cost, easy to operate, and friendly to the environment.
The method of the present invention comprise of rubbing the surface of the polymer materials in various using sand paper of different grades (GB/T 15305) with a given pressure at the ambient temperature, so as to change the contact angle of said surface of polymer material with water to change the surface wettability of the polymer materials to different degrees.
When the grade of the sand paper is #80, the pressure is 4000 to 7000 Pa and the rubbing times are 5 to 10;
When the grade of the sand paper is #100, the pressure is 4000 to 7000 Pa and the rubbing times are 5 to 10;
When the grade of the sand paper is #120, the pressure is 4000 to 7000 Pa and the rubbing times are 5 to 10;
When the grade of the sand paper is #180, the pressure is 4000 to 7000 Pa and the rubbing times are 5 to 10;
When the grade of the sand paper is #240, the pressure is 4000 to 7000 Pa and the rubbing times are 5 to 10;
When the grade of the sand paper is #300, the pressure is 4000 to 7000 Pa and the rubbing times are 5 to 10;
When the grade of the sand paper is #360, the pressure is 4000 to 7000 Pa and the rubbing times are 5 to 10;
When the grade of the sand paper is #500, the pressure is 7000 to 8000 Pa and the rubbing times are 5 to 10;
When the grade of the sand paper is #600, the pressure is 7000 to 8000 Pa and the rubbing times are 5 to 10;
When the grade of the sand paper is #1200, the pressure is 8000 to 9000 Pa and the rubbing times are 5 to 20;
When the grade of the sand paper is #1500, the pressure is 8000 to 9000 Pa and the rubbing times are 5 to 2°.
According to the present invention, the change of the contact angle of the polymer materials surface with water is 10° to 50° by changing the grade of the sand paper, the pressure, and the rubbing times.
The polymer substrate is selected from polycarbonate substrate, polymethyl methacrylate substrate, polystyrene substrate, polytetrafluoroethylene substrate, polyvinyl alcohol substrate and the like.
The method of the present invention has advantages that the devices required by the method are simple, the cost is low, the process is easy to operate and the surface characteristics of the polymer materials can be changed from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity, from hydrophobicity to super hydrophobicity, or from hydrophilicity to super hydrophilicity, even at ambient temperature without any special requirement to the polymer materials or the preparation process thereof. For example, the surface characteristics of polycarbonate substrate, polymethyl methacrylate substrate and polystyrene substrate can be changed from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity by rubbing, and the surface characteristic of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate can be changed from hydrophilicity to super hydrophilicity by rubbing.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 116°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 8 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 122°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 120°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 103°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 8 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 109°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 105°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 107°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 8 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 113°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 110°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 112°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 8 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 114.5°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 119°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 40°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 33°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #80 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 37°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #100 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 123°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #100 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 129°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #100 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 125°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #100 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 117°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #100 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 113°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #100 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 120°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #100 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 123°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #100 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 131.2°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 8 times by using a #100 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 135.1°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #100 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 128.5°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #100 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 26°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #100 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 34°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #120 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 124°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #120 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 130°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #120 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 121°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #120 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 127°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #120 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 135°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #120 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 130°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #120 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 133°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 8 times by using a #120 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 137°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #120 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 131°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #120 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 33°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #120 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 23°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #180 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 124°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #180 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 120°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #180 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 115°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #180 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 110°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #180 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 137°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #180 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 132°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #180 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 139°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 8 times by using a #180 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 143°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #180 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 140°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #180 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 24°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #180 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 14°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #240 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 136° as shown in
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #240 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 130°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #240 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 131°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #240 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 135°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #240 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 140°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #240 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 134°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #240 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 150°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 8 times by using a #240 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 160° as shown in
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #240 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 156°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #240 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 15°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #240 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 5° as shown in
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #300 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 134°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #300 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 130°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #300 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 137°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #300 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 132°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #300 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 134°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #300 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 137°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #300 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 140°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 8 times by using a #300 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 144°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #300 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 149°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #300 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 29°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #300 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 11°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #360 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 131°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #360 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 125°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #360 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 127°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #360 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 121°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #360 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 131°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #360 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 121°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #360 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 140°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 8 times by using a #360 sand paper with a pressure of 5700 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 142°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #360 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 134°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #360 sand paper with a pressure of 4000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 34°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #360 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 17°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #500 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 118°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #500 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 115°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #500 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 109°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #500 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 114°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #500 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 107°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #500 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 113°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #500 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 131°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5-times by using a #500 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 126°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #500 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 21°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #500 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 31°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #600 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 119°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #600 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 115°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #600 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 110°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #600 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 104°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #600 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 114°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #600 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 107°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #600 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 133°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #600 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 126°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 10 times by using a #600 sand paper with a pressure of 7000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 34°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #600 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 24°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 20 times by using a #1200 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 108°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #1200 sand paper with a pressure of 9000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 102°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 20 times by using a #1200 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 97°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylatesubstrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #1200 sand paper with a pressure of 9000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 91°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 20 times by using a #1200 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 101°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #1200 sand paper with a pressure of 9000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 94°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 20 times by using a #1200 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 111°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #1200 sand paper with a pressure of 9000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 109°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 20 times by using a #1200 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 31°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #1200 sand paper with a pressure of 9000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 41°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 20 times by using a #1500 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 95°.
The surface of polycarbonate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #1500 sand paper with a pressure of 9000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 86° to 90°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 20 times by using a #1500 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 92°.
The surface of polymethyl methacrylate substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #1500 sand paper with a pressure of 9000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 75° to 85°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 20 times by using a #1500 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 93°.
The surface of polystyrene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #1500 sand paper with a pressure of 9000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 78° to 90°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 20 times by using a #1500 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 106°.
The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #1500 sand paper with a pressure of 9000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 108° to 101°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 20 times by using a #1500 sand paper with a pressure of 8000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 40°.
The surface of polyvinyl alcohol substrate was rubbed back and forth 5 times by using a #1500 sand paper with a pressure of 9000 Pa at the ambient temperature, so as to change the surface contact angle from 45° to 53°.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 1 0004721 | Feb 2004 | CN | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2004/001384 | 11/30/2004 | WO | 00 | 8/21/2006 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005/080476 | 9/1/2005 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5922161 | Wu et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
| 5955562 | Ash et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
| 5998023 | Turkevich et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
| 6242041 | Katoot et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6555175 | Johnson | Apr 2003 | B2 |
| 7026014 | Luzinov et al. | Apr 2006 | B2 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20070173179 A1 | Jul 2007 | US |
