The present disclosure relates to a method of controlling a network system.
Electric products operate while consuming electric energy. Since electric products consume electric energy, the amount of electricity consumption or electricity charge may be a sensitive matter to users.
As energy consumption increases, it is necessary to develop more energy sources and produce more electric energy. However, electricity generation causes a large amount of greenhouse gas and environmental problems such as global warming. To reduce emission of greenhouse gas, particularly, carbon dioxide, alternative energy sources have been developed such as wind power, solar light, solar heat, geothermal power, tidal power, and water power as well as nuclear power and fuel cells.
Along with this, a smart grid has been proposed as the next generation power grid to improve energy efficiency by realizing two-way and real-time information exchange between power providers and consumers in a way of applying information technology (IT) to the existing power grid.
Embodiments provide a method of controlling a network system to operate electric products according to power information and manage electricity efficiently.
In one embodiment, there is provided a method of controlling a network system, the method including: recognizing power information and time information regarding an operation of an electric product; and providing an energy-saving operation mode to the electric product or operating the electric product in the energy-saving operation mode for reducing an energy-related value based on the recognized power information and the time information.
The details of one or more embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.
According to the embodiments, since power information including information about time-varying electricity rate information is received through a communication unit, power management is possible for electric products.
In addition, when it is selected to operate an electric product in a desired operation time period in a desired operation mode, time-varying electricity rate information is considered to determine whether to operate the electric product in the desired operation time period or an alternative operation time period and whether to operate the electric product in the desired operation mode or an alternative operation mode, so that power consumption or electricity charge can be reduced.
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Referring to
The power plant, such as a thermal power plant, a nuclear power plant, and a water power plant, supplies electricity to a sub-control center through a power line, and the sub-control center supplies the electricity to a substation where the electricity is distributed to consumers such as residential customers or offices.
Electricity generated from renewable energy sources is delivered to the substation where the electricity is distributed to consumers. Electricity transmitted from the substation is distributed to consumers such as offices and residential customers through power storages.
Residential customers using a home area network (HAN) may produce electricity by using a solar battery or fuel cells of a plug in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) for their own use or selling the remaining electricity.
In addition, since smart metering devices are provided to consumers such as offices or residential customers, power consumption or electricity bills can be checked in real time, and thus the consumers can take action to reduce power consumption or electricity costs based on the real-time information about power consumption and electricity bills.
Furthermore, since the power plants, the sub-control center, the power storages, and the consumers can communicate with each other (two-way communication), electricity is not transmitted to the consumers unilaterally but generated and distributed to the consumers according to the consumers' situations notified to the power storages, the sub-control center, and the power plants.
In such a smart grid, an energy management system (EMS) plays a pivotal role for real-time power line communication with a consumer, and an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) plays a pivotal role for real-time power consumption measurement.
The AMI of the smart grid is backbone technology for integrating consumers based on an open architecture. The AMI provides consumers with the ability to use electricity efficiently and power providers with the ability to detect problems on their systems and operate them efficiently.
Herein, the open architecture means a standard for connecting all electric products in a smart grid system regardless of the manufactures of the electric products, unlike in a general communication network.
Therefore, the AMI of the smart grid enables consumer-friendly efficiency concepts like “prices to devices.”
That is, real-time price information of an electricity market may be displayed on an EMS and a smart meter of each residential customer, and the EMS and the smart meter may control electric products while communicating with the electric products. Thus, a user may see the information displayed on the EMS or the smart meter to check power information of each electric product and carry out power information processing such as power consumption limit setting or electricity charge limit setting to save energy and reduce costs.
In addition, a smart control device is provided in each electric product to collect operational state information of the electric product and receive power information and environment information such as temperature and humidity from the EMS or the smart meter to control the operation of the electric product.
Each electric product may be controlled based on communication among the smart control device, the EMS, and the smart meter.
The EMS may include local EMSs provided in offices or residential customers, and a central EMS configured to process information collected from the local EMSs through two-way communication.
Since real-time communication is possible between providers and consumers in a smart grid for exchanging power information, real-time grid response can be realized, and costs necessary for meeting a peak demand can be reduced.
Referring to
The smart meter 20, the EMS 30, and the electric products 100 of the power line communication network 10 may be collectively referred to as “communication components.”
That is, in the power line communication network 10, one component can communicate with another component for exchanging information and control the other component according to the information.
The EMS 30 may be provided in the form of a terminal, which includes a screen 31 to display the current power consumption state and external environments (temperature, humidity) and an input unit 32 to receive user's manipulations.
The EMS 30 is connected to the electric products 100 such as a refrigerator 101, a washing or drying machine 102, an air conditioner 103, a TV 105, and a cooking device 104 through an in-house network for two-way communication.
In-house communication may be performed by wireless or power line communication (PLC). Furthermore, the electric products 100 may be connected to each other for communicating with each other.
A power supply source 50 that supplies power to the residential customer may be a grid power source 51 including general power plant equipment (e.g., a thermal power plant, a nuclear power plant, and a wind power plant) or power plant equipment using renewable energy sources (e.g., solar light, wind power, and geothermal power). For example, the power supply source 50 may be provided by an electric power company.
The power supply source 50 may further include an independent power plant 52 such as a solar power plant of the residential customer, and fuel cells 53 of a vehicle or the residential customer.
Generally, the power supply source 50 is connected to the smart meter 20 and the EMS 30 to provide power information to the smart meter 20 and the EMS 30, and the information is used to control the electric products 100.
Alternatively, information may be provided from the power supply source 50 directly to communication devices (not shown) of the electric products 100, or the grid power source 51 (electric power company) may provide information to control a particular electric product of the residential customer.
Referring to
A screen 31 may be displayed on the touch panel 33 to provide information about an electricity consumption amount, a current electricity charge, an electricity charge estimated based on an accumulated consumption history, a carbon dioxide emission amount, an electricity rate of a current time period, and an electricity rate of a next time period; real-time energy information including information about a time period the electricity rate of which varies with time; and weather information.
In addition, a graph may be displayed on the screen 31 of the touch panel 33 to show power consumption amounts of electric products with respect to time. In addition, on/off states may be displayed to give information about whether power is supplied to the electric products. In addition, energy information may be displayed on the screen 31 for the respective electric products. For example, energy information such as estimated operation time, power consumption, electricity charge, and carbon dioxide emission may be displayed.
An input unit 32 is provided at a side of the screen 31 so that a user can input settings to the electric products using the input unit 32. A user can set a power consumption limit or an electricity charge limit by using the input unit 32, and the EMS 30 may control the electric products according to the user's setting.
Referring to
The EMS 30 may include a control unit 35, an input unit 38, a communication unit 34, and a display unit 39.
The communication unit 34 communicates with in-house electric products 100 such as a refrigerator 101, a washing or drying machine 102, an air conditioner 103, and a cooking device 104 for transmitting and receiving power information and operation information.
The control unit 35 checks setting information input by a user through the input unit 38, accumulated history information about operations and power consumptions of the electric products 100, and real-time information about the supply amount of electricity. Then, the control unit 35 processes the information in real time to control operations of the electric products 100 and power to the electric products 100.
In the current embodiment, control units included in communication components such as the EMS 30, the smart meter 20, and an electric product will be collectively referred to as a control device.
Referring to
Then, the control device recognizes power information (S502). The power information includes electricity rate information varying according to time, and supply power information.
Next, power information of the electric product is estimated in the desired operation time period (S503). The estimated power information includes at least one of a power consumption amount estimated when the electric product is operated in the desired operation mode for the desired operation time period and a total electricity charge estimated based on the power consumption amount according to the electricity rate varying with time.
As shown in
As shown in
After estimating power information of the electric product, it is determined whether the estimated power information is equal to or higher than a predetermined reference value (S504).
That is, it is determined whether the estimated electricity charge is equal to or higher than a predetermined reference electricity charge, or it is determined whether the estimated power consumption amount is equal to or higher than a predetermined reference power consumption amount. Alternatively, it is determined whether the estimated electricity charge and the power consumption amount are equal to or higher than predetermined reference values.
If it is determined that the estimated power information is lower than the predetermined reference value, information such as the electricity power information and the operation state information (operation mode, operation time) is displayed on a display unit of the electric product or the EMS 30 (S505).
Then, the electric product is operated in the desired operation time period according to the operation state information.
In operation S504, if it is determined that the estimated power information (the estimated power consumption amount and estimated electricity charge) is equal to or higher than the predetermined reference value, it is determined whether the user wants to change the operation time period of the electric product (S507). That is, it is determined whether a changed operation time period is input or not.
If it is determined that the user wants to change the operation time period of the electric product, it is determined whether the operation mode of the electric product includes a plurality of time-series processes (S508).
The operation mode is different according to the kind of the electric product. For example, in the case of a washing machine, the operation mode may include time-series processes of washing, rinsing, and spin-drying, and in the case of a cooking device or an air conditioner, the operation mode may include a single process of heating or cool/hot air blowing.
In case of a refrigerator, cool air generating and defrosting are alternately performed. It may be considered that the operation mode of the refrigerator includes time-series processes.
Therefore, in operation S508, if it is determined that the operation mode of the electric product includes a single process, an operation time period, in which the estimated power information (electricity charge and power consumption amount) is equal to or lower than the predetermined reference value, is recommended (S601) as shown in
If the network system controlling method goes to operation S601 after the user selects a desired operation time period as shown in
At this time, a start time and an end time are recommended, and since the desired operation mode of the user is maintained, the power consumption amount of the electric product is not changed.
However, since a portion of the operation time period overlapping with an on-peak time period is reduced, although the power consumption amount is not reduced and thus the same performance can be obtained in the desired operation mode, the electricity charge can be largely reduced as compared with the case where the electric product is operation in the original desired operation time period.
That is, when the electric product is operated in an operation mode for reducing an energy-related value, the operation time period of the electric product less overlaps with an on-peak time period as compared with the case where the electric product is operated based on input operation state information.
Referring to
In operation S508 of
It is determined that a portion or all of the operation time period is included in an on-peak time period, it is determined whether the last process of the plurality of time-series processes should be performed in the on-peak time period (S702).
If it is determined that the last process of the plurality of time-series processes should be performed in the on-peak time period, the operation state information is changed so that only the last process or some processes including the last process can be performed in the on-peak time period and the estimated power information (electricity charge) can be equal to or lower than the predetermined reference value (S703).
Operations S701 to S703 will now be explained more specifically with reference to
As shown in
Many of the processes are in an on-peak period. In this state, if an estimated electricity charge is higher than a predetermined reference value, it is necessary to change the operation time period of the washing machine.
Furthermore, since a user wants all the processes to be completed at a predetermined time (16:40 in
Therefore, as shown in
The operation start time of the washing machine is made earlier than a desired start time. However, all the processes can be completed by the predetermined time as the user wished so that the user can be satisfied and the electricity charge can be reduced.
In operation S701, if it is determined that a portion or all of the operation time period is not included in an on-peak time period when the electric product is operated in the desired operation mode, the electric product is controlled in the same way as that used for an electric product having a single process. That is, the network system controlling method goes from operation S701 to operation S601 of
As shown in
If the network system controlling method goes to operation S601 in a state where the user selected a desired operation time period as shown by the graph of
At this time, a start time and an end time are recommended, and since the desired operation mode of the user is maintained, the power consumption amount of the electric product is not changed.
However, since a portion of the operation time period overlapping with an on-peak time period is reduced, although the power consumption amount is not reduced and thus the same performance can be obtained in the desired operation mode, the electricity charge can be largely reduced as compared with the case where the electric product is operation in the original desired operation time period.
Referring to
In operation S507 of
That is, a power-saving operation mode is recommended to reduce the electricity charge to a predetermined reference or lower in the operation time period the electricity charge of which is high.
As shown in
If the user selects the recommended power-saving operation mode, the electric product is operated in the power-saving operation mode (S802, S803). For example, the power-saving operation mode may be the same as the originally input operation mode except that the outputs of some or all power-consuming units are reduced. In another example, if the originally input operation mode is an intense course or a steam course which require more electricity than a standard course, a standard course may be recommended as the power-saving operation mode.
Referring to
The time-varying electricity rate information include electricity rate information in a normal time period and a peak time period. The time-varying electricity rate information includes information about start and end times of a normal time period and a peak time period. A time period, during which customers consume a large amount of power and thus surplus electricity is reduced to a predetermined level or lower, is set as a peak time period by a power provider based on statistics or actual measurement. Thus, the power provider usually puts a high electricity rate on the peak time period to control the use of electricity.
The communication unit 202 is connected to the external device by wireless or wire to receive power information. The wireless or wire communication method of the communication unit 202 includes all communication methods through which data can be transmitted, such as power line communication, wireless LAN, Internet, Zigbee, and serial communication.
A user can set an operation mode through the input unit 210. The operation mode includes a normal operation mode and at least one power-saving operation mode.
If the control unit 200 receives power information including only normal time period information, the control unit 200 may operate the cooking device 104 in the normal operation mode. If the control unit 200 receives power information including both normal time period information and peak time period information, the control unit 200 may operate the cooking device 104 in the set operation mode. That is, if the user sets the cooking device 104 to the normal operation mode, the control unit 200 may operate the cooking device 104 in the normal operation mode although the control unit 200 has received peak time period information. On the other hand, if the user sets the cooking device 104 to a power-saving operation mode and the control unit 200 receives peak time period information, the control unit 200 may operate the cooking device 104 in the power-saving operation mode. If necessary, it may be set so that the operation mode can be automatically changed according to predetermined conditions.
If a user input a cooking course and a schedule end time through the input unit 210, the control unit 200 prepares a cooking schedule based on the cooking course, the schedule end time, and the power information. In addition, the control unit 200 estimates a power consumption amount and an electricity charge based on the power information. The cooking schedule includes at least one of a start time, a cooking time according to time-varying electricity rates, and an actual end time.
With reference to
If a user inputs a schedule end time, the control unit 200 determines whether the current operation mode is a power-saving operation mode and calculates a total cooking time according to a cooking course. If total cooking times are stored in a storage unit (described later) according to cooking courses, the total cooking time may be read from the storage unit. In the case where the total cooking time is calculated, the humidity and temperature of the inside of the cooking device 104 and the state of food may be detected by using a sensing unit (not shown), and the cooking time may be calculated based on the detected information. If the current operation mode is a power-saving operation mode and time-varying electricity rate information is received through the communication unit 202, the control unit 200 determines whether the total cooking time is included in the normal time period. If it is determined that the total cooking time is longer than the normal time period, the control unit 200 prepares a cooking schedule by dividing the total cooking time as shown in
With reference to
The power source unit 204 receives external power, that is, commercial AC power and outputs a DC voltage for operating circuits and units of the control unit 200 and the cooking device 104.
The cooking device 104 further includes an output unit 220 configured to display at least one of the cooking course, the power information, the cooking schedule, the estimated power consumption amount, and the estimated electricity charge; and a storage unit 230 configured to store total cooking times in relation with cooking courses.
The power information includes the kind of the external power source and a greenhouse gas index of the external power source. Thus, the control unit 200 can calculate an estimated electricity charge and a greenhouse gas emission amount from the power information. The output unit 220 may further display at least one of the kind of the external power source, the greenhouse gas index, the electricity charge, and the greenhouse gas emission amount. Based on the estimated power consumption amount, the control unit 200 may calculate the greenhouse gas emission amount of the external power source. For example, a carbon dioxide emission amount may be calculated by multiplying a carbon dioxide index of the external power source by estimated power consumption amount. The external power source may generate electricity by using a fossil fuel such as oil or gas; an alternative energy source such as solar light, solar heat, wind power, tidal power, water power, and geothermal power; nuclear power; and fuel cells. Greenhouse gas indexes such as carbon dioxide indexes for such energy sources may be determined by experiments.
The control unit 200 calculates a greenhouse gas emission amount of the external power source. The output unit 220 further displays one of the kind of the external power source, the greenhouse gas index, and the greenhouse gas emission amount. The communication unit 202 can transmit information about a power requirement, an electricity charge, and a greenhouse gas emission amount of the cooking device 104 to an outer device by wireless or wire.
Referring to
A cooking schedule is prepared based on the cooking course, the schedule end time, and the power information (S1805), and the cooking device is operated according to the cooking schedule to cook a food (S1806).
At this time, the cooking schedule is prepared based on a total cooking time and time-varying electricity rate information as explained with reference to
Although embodiments have been described with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More particularly, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, alternative uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10-2009-0101945 | Oct 2009 | KR | national |
10-2010-0065825 | Jul 2010 | KR | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/KR10/07358 | 10/26/2010 | WO | 00 | 4/26/2012 |