Patent Grant
8102137
This application claims priority from German patent application serial no. 10 2008 001 202.5 filed Apr. 16, 2008.
The invention relates to a method for detecting a useful signal from a measurement signal that is overlaid by at least one interference signal in, for example, a control or regulating device of a motor vehicle or the like, when the interference signal occurs with at least one known interference signal frequency.
A measurement signal for detecting the parameters of technical devices is the preferred means in many areas of technology for analyzing parameters and controlling or regulating these parameters on the basis of this analysis. The measurement signals usually exist in electronic form, such as electric voltages, for example.
Motor vehicle technology is one area of technology in which measurement signals play an important role is. They are used there to detect the parameters of various components of the vehicle, such as the parameters of the drive motor, for example, or the clutch, or the transmission, and to analyze them, so that these parameters or components of the motor vehicle can be controlled or regulated. Here, the parameters can be periodic or non-periodic in nature. One example of non-periodic parameters in motor vehicle technology is the speed of the vehicle, while the rotational angle position of the input shaft of the motor vehicle transmission is one of the periodic parameters.
It is often the case that the measurement signal detects not only the parameter that is to be analyzed, but also other parameters that are associated with this parameter. In such cases, the measurement signal does not correspond to the pure useful signal that is necessary for the analysis of the parameter, but is rather combined with an interference signal. The interference signals in the measurement signals quite often reach a magnitude that complicates or distorts analysis of the parameter to such an extent that the control or regulation of the parameter based on the analysis is no longer adequately possible.
In one case, which occurs very often in vehicular technology, the cause of an interference signal occurs periodically, and the cycle of this cause is known. The interference signal is then periodic as well, and the cycle of the interference signal is usually described in terms of an interference signal frequency. If the cause of the interference signal is known, the interference signal cycle is usually known as well. One example of this is the natural drive train oscillation that occurs in drive trains with a known cycle. The oscillation causes an interference signal which overlays, with a known interference signal frequency, the measurement signal of the initial speed of the transmission of a motor vehicle.
This results in the necessity of developing methods and the appurtenant devices by means of which the interference signals can be removed from a measurement signal, in order to detect the useful signal.
Various methods and appurtenant devices for this purpose are known from the state of the art.
One type of widely used method uses filter algorithms that are based on high-pass filters, low-pass filters, band-pass filters, or band rejection filters. However, these filter algorithms display numerous disadvantages. Thus, depending on the filter frequency or the cut-off frequency used at any given time, a phase delay can occur, which can have an adverse effect on a parameter. In addition, the filter parameters must be chosen in such a way that they are optimally adjusted to a certain filter frequency. If the filter frequency changes, the filter parameters must also be changed, in order to main the optimum adjustment. This is often adjusted for by using of a plurality of filters with different filter frequencies, but this is very complicated in terms of construction. If characteristic curves with steep gradients are required for the filters, the filter order also increases, and therefore the number of filter parameters, which also increases software and/or construction complexity.
Another type of method that is also often used is based on integral transformations. The German utility model DE 20 2004 009 922 U1 illustrates a few relevant integral transformations from the class of wavelet transformation. Wavelet transformations are very complicated in computational terms and cannot normally be used to control or regulate parameters in real time due to the limited computing power of the control or regulating devices of motor vehicles.
Another type of practically applicable method is based on a different type of integral transformation, the Fourier transformation, which is also mentioned in the German utility model DE 20 2004 009 922 U1. The disadvantage of Fourier transformations is that they are usually done with reference to a plurality of frequencies. Here too, the computational complexity is often so great that no analysis of the measurement signal in real time, and therefore also no control or regulation of the parameters on which the measurement signal is based, can be done by the control or regulating device of motor vehicles.
The invention is therefore based on the task of devising a method of the type discussed here that minimizes the computational complexity of detecting a useful signal from a measurement signal that is overlaid by at least one interference signal, so that the useful signal can be detected in real time by the control or regulating device, for example in a motor vehicle.
This objective is accomplished using a method for detecting a useful signal from a measurement signal that is overlaid by at least one interference signal that can be used in a control or regulating device, for example in a motor vehicle or similar, in which the interference signal occurs with at least one known interference signal frequency, and whereby the method is characterized by: detection of the measurement signal during a first step, performance of a Fourier transformation of the measurement signal in order to detect the interference signal amplitude and the interference signal phase during a second step, detection of the interference signal on the basis of the interference signal amplitude and the interference signal phase during a third step, as well as a removal of the interference from the measurement signal in order to detect the useful signal during a fourth step.
The essence of the invention consists of the Fourier transformation performed during the second step not being performed with reference to a plurality of frequencies, as in the state of the art, but rather only with reference to the known interference signal frequency. That results in a major reduction in the computational complexity of detecting the useful signal from the measurement signal, so that the useful signal can be detected in real time by the control or regulating device of a motor vehicle.
Numerous measurement signals that occur in the components of a motor vehicle can come into question as measurement signals within the meaning of the invention, whereby certain combinations of measurement signal and interference signal are particularly typical of motor vehicles.
In a first constructional variant of the method of the invention, detection of the measuring signal is done during a first step on the basis of the actuating position of a clutch of the motor vehicle when the cause of the interference signal is a wobbling of the drive shaft of the motor vehicle drive motor. Wobbling occurs when unbalances occur on the shaft of the drive motor. These unbalances can be inherent and/or caused by wear due to operation. The longer a motor vehicle is in operation, the more wear and thus unbalance increase, which leads to greater wobbling and the corresponding interference signals. The method of the invention is therefore particularly advantageous for motor vehicles that have been in use for an extended period.
In a second constructional variant of the method of the invention, the detection of the measurement signal is done during the first step on the basis of the actuating position of a clutch of the motor vehicle whereby the cause of the interference signal is a judder vibration in the clutch. Judder vibration in clutches occurs due to contamination of or warped components in the clutch. Contamination and warping are caused by wear, which is why, as in the case of the first construction variant, the method of the invention can be used to particular advantage in motor vehicles that have been in use for an extended period of time.
Interference signals are often caused by internal oscillation in certain components of a motor vehicle. As the frequencies of internal oscillation can usually be determined and therefore represent known interference signals in the sense of the invention, the method of the invention is directly applicable here as well.
The drive train of a motor vehicle, in its entirety, is known to consist of components that are susceptible to oscillation. Therefore, in a third construction variant of the method of the invention, the measurement signal is detected during the first step on the basis of the initial rotational speed of the transmission of the motor vehicle, where the cause of the interference signal is a natural oscillation of the drive train. In a fourth construction variant, the measurement signal is detected during a first step on the basis of the rotational speed of the drive wheels of the motor vehicle, whereby the cause of the interference signal is a natural oscillation of the drive train. In the case of the latter two construction variants, the basis on which the measurement signal is detected depends on the technical conditions in each case. Here it must be kept in mind that wheel speed is known to be considerably lower than the initial rotational speed of the transmission and therefore produces poorer temporal resolution. To this extent, the rotational speed signal of the transmission output shaft, if available, should therefore be preferred to an existing wheel rotational speed signal.
There are several possibilities for the removal of the interference signal from the measurement signal that takes place during the fourth step. According to a fifth construction variant of the method of the invention, this removal consists of a subtraction of the interference signal from the measurement signal. This option is particularly simple in computational terms and is always applicable when the useful signal and the interference signal combine in making up the measurement signal.
In an additional construction variant, the useful signal is an oscillating signal, for example, an oscillating signal in a drive train of a motor vehicle. The measurement signal is thus comprised of an oscillation signal and an interference signal with a known interference frequency, which is superimposed on this oscillation signal. After removal of the interference signal from the measurement signal, the useful signal present here as an oscillation signal can be used in the corresponding control and/or regulating algorithms.
The method of the invention is explained in general terms below with reference to the accompanying drawings which show:
As shown in
In a first step S1, through the use of suitable sensors, an electrical measurement signal M is detected from the parameter K and the cause U of the periodic interference. The measurement signal M represents the overlay of two signals, i.e. a useful signal N and an interference signal Σv. Here the useful signal N is derived from the parameter K, while the interference signal Σv occurs as the result of an interference. Because the interference is periodic, the interference signal Σv occurs with an interference signal frequency v. The superimposition of the useful signal N and the interference signal Σv that produces the measurement signal M is seen in the simplest case as the sum of the useful signal N and the interference signal Σv.
The detection of the measurement signal is done using a method and devices known to a specialist in the area of motor vehicle technology, for example by using sensors 12, 14, 16 to detect the rotational speeds, actuating positions of a clutch, speed of the vehicle, or other parameters, and then presenting them in a usable form, for example in the form of an electric voltage to a control or regulating device 18.
In a second step S2, a Fourier transformation Fv(M) is done on the measurement signal M with reference to the known interference signal frequency v. By means of the Fourier transformation Fv(M), the interference signal amplitude AΣ and the interference signal phase φΣ of the interference signal Σv are detected. The Fourier transformation Fv(M) is done in a control or regulating device of the motor vehicle, usually in the form of a computer program.
In a third step S3, the interference signal Σv is detected on the basis of the interference signal amplitude AΣ and the interference signal phase φΣ. The detection of the interference signal Σv on the basis of the interference signal amplitude AΣ and the interference signal phase φΣ is also done in the control or regulating device of the motor vehicle.
Both the Fourier transformation Fv(M) done in the second step S2 and the detection of the interference signal Σv done in the third step S3 are known to the specialist in the area of motor vehicle technology and will therefore not be described in more detail here.
Finally, in a fourth step S4 the interference signal Σv is removed from the measurement signal M, in order to detect the useful signal N. Because the measurement signal M consists of a sum of the useful signal N and the interference signal Σv, the removal of the interference signal Σv from the measurement signal M, in the present case, consists of a subtraction of the interference signal Σv from the measurement signal M. The subtraction in the fourth step S4 is also done in the control or regulating device of the motor vehicle.
The useful signal N detected by means of the method of the invention can also be used for analysis of the parameter K underlying the signal N, and then used for its control or regulation.
The above description assumes that the measurement signal M is overlaid by an interference signal Σv with a known interference signal frequency v. It is obvious that the measurement signal M can also be overlaid by a plurality of interference signals Σv, each of which can occur with its own interference signal frequency. In that case, the second step S2, the third step S3, and the fourth step S4 of the method of the invention are performed separately for each interference signal frequency v.
The use of the method of the invention is not limited to motor vehicle technology. The method of the invention can actually be applied to all areas of technology where one measurement signal M is overlaid by at least one interference signal Σv.
It was made clear that the Fourier transformation Fv(M) in the second step S2 of the inventive procedure is done only with reference to the known interference signal frequency v of the Σv. In this way, the computational complexity of detecting the useful signal N from the measurement signal M is kept to a minimum, which is why the useful signal can be detected in real time by the control or regulating device of the motor vehicle.
K Parameter
M Measurement signal
N Useful signal
U Cause of interference
Σv Interference signal
v Interference signal frequency
Fv(M) Fourier transformation of the measurement signal
AΣ Interference signal amplitude
φΣ Interference signal phase
S1 First step
S2 Second step
S3 Third step
S4 Fourth step
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2008 001 202 | Apr 2008 | DE | national |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5309378 | Beierle | May 1994 | A |
| 5410604 | Saito et al. | Apr 1995 | A |
| 6102144 | Lutz | Aug 2000 | A |
| 6128959 | McGovern et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6729186 | Sirrine et al. | May 2004 | B1 |
| 7174246 | Bitzer | Feb 2007 | B2 |
| 7203579 | Yokota et al. | Apr 2007 | B2 |
| 7334552 | Moller et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7516031 | Kogan | Apr 2009 | B2 |
| 7783434 | Keese et al. | Aug 2010 | B2 |
| 20080119995 | Ubel et al. | May 2008 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 20 2004 009 922 | Aug 2005 | DE |
| 20 2004 009 922 | Dec 2005 | DE |
| 10 2006 001 468 | Aug 2006 | DE |
| 10 2005 018 084 | Oct 2006 | DE |
| 10 2006 019 551 | Aug 2007 | DE |
| 60 2005 004 506 | Jan 2009 | DE |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20090261763 A1 | Oct 2009 | US |
