Conventional articles of footwear generally include two primary elements: an upper and a sole structure. The upper is secured to the sole structure and forms a void within the footwear for comfortably and securely receiving a foot. The sole structure is secured to a lower surface of the upper so as to be positioned between the upper and the ground.
In some articles of athletic footwear, for example, the sole structure may include a midsole and an outsole. The midsole may be formed from a polymer foam material that attenuates ground reaction forces to lessen stresses upon the foot and leg during walking, running, and other ambulatory activities. The outsole is secured to a lower surface of the midsole and forms a ground-engaging portion of the sole structure that is formed from a durable and wear-resistant material. The sole structure may also include a sockliner positioned within the void and proximal a lower surface of the foot to enhance footwear comfort.
The upper can extend over the instep and toe areas of the foot, along the medial and lateral sides of the foot, and around the heel area of the foot. In some articles of footwear, such as basketball footwear and boots, the upper may extend upward and around the ankle to provide support or protection for the ankle. Access to the void on the interior of the upper is generally provided by an ankle opening in a heel region of the footwear. A lacing system is often incorporated into the upper to adjust the fit of the upper, thereby permitting entry and removal of the foot from the void within the upper. The lacing system also permits the wearer to modify certain dimensions of the upper, particularly girth, to accommodate feet with varying dimensions. In addition, the upper may include a tongue that extends under the lacing system to enhance adjustability of the footwear, and the upper may incorporate a heel counter to limit movement of the heel.
Various materials are conventionally utilized in manufacturing the upper. The upper of athletic footwear, for example, may be formed from multiple material elements. The materials may be selected based upon various properties, including stretch-resistance, wear-resistance, flexibility, air-permeability, compressibility, and moisture-wicking, for example. Specifically, the upper may be formed of leather, synthetic leather, or a rubber material. The upper may be formed from numerous material elements that each imparts different properties to the upper.
A method of forming an article of footwear is disclosed. The method includes knitting a knitted component having a knit element and a tensile strand that are formed of unitary knit construction as a one-piece element. The knitted component is configured to at least partially form an upper for the article of footwear. The knit element defines a body and a trim region, and the trim region defines an outer edge of the knit element. The tensile strand includes at least one inlaid portion that is inlaid within the knit element. The tensile strand also includes an exposed portion that is exposed from the knit element and that is disposed adjacent the outer edge. The exposed portion is spaced from the outer edge in an inboard direction on the knit element. The method further includes manipulating the exposed portion to move and adjust the at least one inlaid portion relative to the knit element.
Furthermore, a workpiece configured for forming one of a first upper for a first article of footwear and a second upper for a second article of footwear is disclosed. The first upper and the first article of footwear are configured to fit to a first foot size, and the second upper and the second article of footwear are configured to fit to a second foot size. The workpiece includes a knitted component having a knit element and a tensile strand that are formed of unitary knit construction. The knitted component is configured to at least partially form one of the first upper and the second upper. The knit element defines a body and a trim region, and the trim region defines an outer edge of the knit element. The tensile strand includes at least one inlaid portion that is inlaid within the knit element, and the tensile strand also includes an exposed portion that is exposed from the knit element and that is disposed adjacent the outer edge. The exposed portion is spaced from the outer edge in an inboard direction on the knit element. The exposed portion is configured to be manipulated to thereby move and adjust the inlaid portion relative to the knit element. Also, the trim region is trimmable along one of a first trim line to form the first upper and a second trim line to form the second upper.
Other systems, methods, features and advantages of the present disclosure will be, or will become, apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following figures and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description and this summary, be within the scope of the present disclosure, and be protected by the following claims.
The present disclosure can be better understood with reference to the following drawings and description. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the figures, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
The following discussion and accompanying figures disclose an article of footwear having an upper that includes a knitted component and a method for manufacturing such an upper. In some embodiments, the upper can be formed from a knitted workpiece that is trimmed down to a predetermined size to fit a particular anatomical foot size. This can increase manufacturing efficiency and provide additional advantages as will be explained in greater detail below.
The article of footwear is disclosed as having a general configuration suitable for walking or running. Concepts associated with the footwear, including the upper, may also be applied to a variety of other athletic footwear types, including soccer shoes, baseball shoes, basketball shoes, cross-training shoes, cycling shoes, football shoes, sprinting shoes, tennis shoes, and hiking boots, for example. The concepts may also be applied to footwear types that are generally considered to be non-athletic, including dress shoes, loafers, sandals, and work boots. The concepts disclosed herein apply, therefore, to a wide variety of footwear types.
Footwear Configurations
An article of footwear 100 is depicted in
For reference purposes, footwear 100 may be divided into three general regions: a forefoot region 101, a midfoot region 102, and a heel region 103. Forefoot region 101 generally encompasses portions of footwear 100 corresponding with forward portions of the foot, including the toes and joints connecting the metatarsals with the phalanges. Midfoot region 102 generally encompasses portions of footwear 100 corresponding with middle portions of the foot, including an arch area. Heel region 103 generally encompasses portions of footwear 100 corresponding with rear portions of the foot, including the heel and calcaneus bone. Footwear 100 also includes a lateral side 104 and a medial side 105, which extend through forefoot region 101, midfoot region 102, and heel region 103, and which correspond with opposite sides of footwear 100. More particularly, lateral side 104 corresponds with an outside area of the foot (i.e. the surface that faces away from the other foot), and medial side 105 corresponds with an inside area of the foot (i.e., the surface that faces toward the other foot). Forefoot region 101, midfoot region 102, heel region 103, lateral side 104, and medial side 105 are not intended to demarcate precise areas of footwear 100. Rather, forefoot region 101, midfoot region 102, heel region 103, lateral side 104, and medial side 105 are intended to represent general areas of footwear 100 to aid in the following discussion. In addition to footwear 100, forefoot region 101, midfoot region 102, heel region 103, lateral side 104, and medial side 105 may also be applied to sole structure 110, upper 120, and individual elements thereof.
Sole structure 110 can include a midsole 111, an outsole 112, and a sockliner 113, each of which is shown in the section view of
Upper 120 includes an exterior surface 121 and an opposite interior surface 122. Whereas exterior surface 121 faces outward and away from footwear 100, interior surface 122 faces inward and can define a majority or a relatively large portion of the void within footwear 100 for receiving the foot. The void can be shaped to accommodate the wearer's foot. When the foot is located within the void, therefore, upper 120 can extend along a lateral side of the foot, along a medial side of the foot, over the foot, around the heel, and under the foot. Moreover, interior surface 122 may lie against the foot or a sock covering the foot.
As shown in
A throat area 127 can be included forward of collar 123 and can extend longitudinally toward forefoot region 101 and between lateral side 104 and medial side 105. As shown in
In some embodiments, a closure element 107 can also be included that is used to selectively secure upper 120 to the wearer's foot. Closure element 107 can be of any suitable type, such as a lace 125 as shown in the illustrated embodiments. In other embodiments, closure element 107 may also include one or more buckles, straps, loop-and-pile tape, or other suitable implements for securing upper 120 to a wearer's foot.
As shown in the illustrated embodiments, lace 125 can engage various lace-receiving elements 126. Although lace-receiving elements 126 are depicted in
As shown in
Also, upper 120 may extend under the wearer's foot. For example, upper 120 can include a strobel 128 or strobel sock, which is configured to extend under the wearer's foot as shown in
In some embodiments, upper 120 can include one or more tensile strands 132. Tensile strands 132 can be yarns, cables, wires, ropes, or other strands that can extend across upper 120. Tensile strands 132 can be tensioned to support upper 120 and/or to distribute forces across upper 120. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, upper 120 includes one or more tensile strands 132 that extend upward along upper 120 from sole structure 110, that loop around lace-receiving elements 126, and that extend back down toward sole structure 110. Accordingly, tensile strands 132 can reinforce respective ones of the lace-receiving elements 126. Also, tension in lace 125 can transfer to tensile strands 132, and tensile strands 132 can distribute loads to the upper 120 such that upper 120 can fit more securely to the wearer's foot.
In the illustrated embodiments, lateral side 104 and medial side 105 of upper 120 each include respective tensile strands 132. Also, as shown, tensile strands 132 can extend about only some of the lace-receiving elements 126. It will be appreciated, however, that upper 120 can include any number of tensile strands 132 and that tensile strands 132 can be routed along any suitable area of upper 120 without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, tensile strands 132 suitable for use with upper 120 may include the tensile strands and/or tensile elements disclosed in one or more of commonly-owned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/338,726 to Dua et al., entitled “Article of Footwear Having An Upper Incorporating A Knitted Component”, filed on Dec. 18, 2008 and published as U.S. Patent Application Publication Number 2010/0154256 on Jun. 24, 2010, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/048,514 to Huffa et al., entitled “Article Of Footwear Incorporating A Knitted Component”, filed on Mar. 15, 2011 and published as U.S. Patent Application Publication Number 2012/0233882 on Sep. 20, 2012, both of which applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
Many conventional footwear uppers are formed from multiple material elements (e.g., polymer foam, polymer sheets, leather, synthetic leather) that are joined together through stitching or bonding, for example. However, in various embodiments discussed herein, upper 120 can be at least partially formed from a knitted component 130. Knitted component 130 can have any suitable shape and size. Knitted component 130 can be formed of a unitary knit construction as a one-piece element as will be discussed in detail below.
Knitted component 130 can be configured to at least partially extend through forefoot region 101, midfoot region 102, and/or heel region 103. Knitted component 130 can also extend along lateral side 104, medial side 105, over forefoot region 101, and/or around heel region 103. In addition, knitted component 130 can at least partially define exterior surface 121 and/or interior surface 122 of upper 120.
As will be discussed in detail below, and as shown in
As will be discussed, knitted component 130 can provide upper 120 with weight savings as compared with other conventional uppers. Additionally, in some embodiments, knitted component 130 can provide desirable texture or other characteristics to upper 120. Still further, knitted component 130 can provide advantages in the manufacture of footwear 100. Other advantages provided by knitted component 130 will be explored in detail below.
In some embodiments, knitted component 130 can be formed to include one or more protruding areas 108. Protruding areas 108 can be defined on exterior surface 121 of upper 120 as illustrated in
Additionally, in some embodiments, upper 120 may optionally include a skin layer 140 that is attached to knitted component 130. A suitable configuration for skin layer 140 can be any of the embodiments of a skin layer described in commonly-owned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/944,675 to Baudouin et al., entitled “Article of Footwear Incorporating a Knitted Component”, filed on Jul. 17, 2013, the disclosure of which application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Skin layer 140 can lay adjacent to knitted component 130 and can be secured an exterior of knitted component 130, thereby forming a majority or a relatively large portion of exterior surface 121 of upper 120. Various materials may be utilized to form skin layer 140, including a polymer sheet, elements of leather or synthetic leather, a woven or non-woven textile, or a metal foil. As with knitted component 130, skin layer 140 can extend through each of forefoot region 101, midfoot region 102, and heel region 103, along both lateral side 104 and medial side 105, over forefoot region 101, and around heel region 103. Skin layer 140 is depicted as being absent from interior surface 122 of upper 120. In further configurations of footwear 100, skin layer 140 may be absent from other areas of upper 120 or may extend over interior surface 122. Additionally, it will be appreciated that upper 120 may not include skin layer in some embodiments and may instead be primarily constructed from knitted component 130 alone.
Embodiments of Workpiece for Forming Multiple Uppers
In some embodiments, a knitted workpiece may be formed that is configured to be trimmed to predetermined alternative dimensions, each associated with a differently-sized of articles of footwear. As such, manufacturing efficiency for the article of footwear can be increased. Also, assembly of the article of footwear can also be facilitated. Other advantages will also be discussed in detail below.
Referring now to
Workpiece 310 can be trimmed by hand or automatically to reduce the size of workpiece 310. As such, workpiece 310 can be trimmed according to the desired size of the upper 120 for the article of footwear. For example, workpiece 310 can be trimmed to a first size to form the first upper 401 of
Various methods, machines, and tools can be used for forming, trimming, and otherwise adjusting workpiece 310 and for forming article of footwear 100 from workpiece 310. For example,
Generally, in the embodiments represented in
In additional embodiments shown in
Method of Manufacturing Footwear with Trimmable Upper
Embodiments of method 1000 illustrated in
Knitted workpiece 310 can be formed of a unitary knit construction. As used herein, the term “unitary knit construction” means that the respective component is formed as a one-piece element through a knitting process. That is, the knitting process substantially forms the various features and structures of unitary knit construction without the need for significant additional manufacturing steps or processes. A unitary knit construction may be used to form a knitted component having structures or elements that include one or more courses of yarn or other knit material that are joined such that the structures or elements include at least one course in common (i.e., sharing a common yarn) and/or include courses that are substantially continuous between each of the structures or elements. With this arrangement, a one-piece element of unitary knit construction is provided. Examples of various configurations of knitted components and methods for forming knitted workpiece 310 with unitary knit construction are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,931,762 to Dua; U.S. Pat. No. 7,347,011 to Dua, et al.; U.S. Patent Application Publication 2008/0110048 to Dua, et al.; U.S. Patent Application Publication 2010/0154256 to Dua; and U.S. Patent Application Publication 20120233882 to Huffa, et al., each of which are entirely incorporated herein by reference.
Knitted workpiece 310 can be formed from at least one yarn that is manipulated (e.g., with a knitting machine) to form a plurality of intermeshed loops that define a knit element 313 having a variety of courses and wales. Thus, adjacent areas of knit element 313 can share at least one common course or at least one common wale. That is, knit element 313 can have the structure of a knit textile. It will be appreciated that knit element 313 can be formed via weft knitting operations, warp knitting operations, flat knitting operations, circular knitting operations, or other suitable methods.
Knit element 313 may incorporate various types and combinations of stitches and yarns. With regard to stitches, the yarn forming knit element 313 may have one type of stitch in one area of knit element 313 and another type of stitch in another area of knit element 313. Depending upon the types and combinations of stitches utilized, areas of knit element 313 may have a plain knit structure, a mesh knit structure, or a rib knit structure, for example. The different types of stitches may affect the physical properties of knit element 313, including aesthetics, stretch, thickness, air permeability, and abrasion-resistance of knit element 313. That is, the different types of stitches may impart different properties to different areas of knit element 313. With regard to yarns, knit element 313 may have one type of yarn in one area of knit element 313 and another type of yarn in another area of knit element 313. Depending upon various design criteria, knit element 313 may incorporate yarns with different deniers, materials (e.g., cotton, elastane, polyester, rayon, wool, and nylon), and degrees of twist, for example. The different types of yarns may affect the physical properties of knit element 313, including aesthetics, stretch, thickness, air permeability, and abrasion-resistance of knit element 313. That is, the different types of yarns may impart different properties to different areas of knit element 313. By combining various types and combinations of stitches and yarns, each area of knit element 313 may have specific properties that enhance the comfort, durability, and performance of footwear 100. In some configurations, multiple yarns with different colors may be utilized to form knit element 313. When yarns with different colors are twisted together and then knitted, knit element 313 may have a heathered appearance with multiple colors randomly distributed throughout.
Also, one or more of the yarns within knit element 313 may be partially formed from a thermoplastic polymer material, which softens or melts when heated and returns to a solid state when cooled. More particularly, the thermoplastic polymer material transitions from a solid state to a softened or liquid state when subjected to sufficient heat, and then the thermoplastic polymer material transitions from the softened or liquid state to the solid state when sufficiently cooled. As such, the thermoplastic polymer materials within the yarns can be used to join two objects or elements together as will be discussed in greater detail below. Knit element 313 can incorporate these so-called “fusible” yarns according to co-owned U.S. Pat. No. 6,910,288, which issued on Jun. 28, 2005, and which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
As stated, method step 1002 of
Knit element 313 can include an exterior surface 308 as shown in
As shown in
Accordingly, knit element 313 of knitted workpiece 310 can define a U-shaped central body 320, which is defined between boundary 328, first rear edge 316, inner edge 314, and second rear edge 318. Stated differently, first layer 322 and second layer 324 can be overlaid and attached to each other within central body 320. Knit element 313 can also define a U-shaped outer region 329, which is defined between boundary 328, first rear edge 316, outer edge 312, and second rear edge 318. Thus, first layer 322 and second layer 324 can be overlaid and detached within outer region 329. It will be apparent, thus, that outer region 329 can have a width, which is the previously-described distance 335, between outer edge 312 and boundary 328. In some embodiments, distance 335 can remain substantially constant along the longitudinal length of outer region 329 from heel region 103 to forefoot region 101. In additional embodiments, distance 335 can vary along the longitudinal length of outer region 329.
An alternative embodiment of outer region 329 is illustrated in
As shown in the embodiment of
As shown in the embodiment of
For purposes of clarity, one of the tensile strands 132 in the embodiment of
It will be appreciated that first section 336, first turn 338, second section 340, third section 344, third turn 346, fourth section 348, fifth section 352, fifth turn 354, and sixth section 356 can be inlaid within the courses or wales of central body 320 of knit element 313. As such, these portions of tensile strand 132 can be substantially embedded within central body 320 and may be referred to as inlaid portions of tensile strand 132. For example, the second section 240 may be referred to as a first inlaid portion, and the third section may be referred to as a second inlaid portion. However, any of these portions of tensile strand 132 may be referred to as a first, second, third, fourth, fifth, or sixth inlaid portion, section, or turn. In contrast, first end 330, second turn 342, fourth turn 350, and second end 332 can be disposed within outer region 329, and thus referred to as exposed portions of tensile strand 132.
As mentioned above and as will be discussed in detail, the knitted workpiece 310 can be configured to be trimmed to a desired size. Workpiece 310 can be trimmed along any path. For example, as will be discussed in detail, knit element 313 of workpiece 310 can be trimmed along one of a plurality of predetermined trim lines. Two exemplary trim lines are shown in
First trim line 331 and second trim line 333 are indicated in
In the exemplary embodiments of
Referring back to method 1000 shown in
Fasteners 362 can be used to fix any suitable area of knitted workpiece 310. For example, as shown in
Also, outer edge 312 of knitted workpiece 310 can become distorted when secured as shown in
As shown in
In some embodiments, tensile strand 132 can be adjusted by hand. As shown in other embodiments represented in
As shown in
Then, as shown in
As shown in the illustrated embodiments of
Subsequently, as shown in
Heat can be applied for various reasons. In some embodiments, the heat can cause knitted workpiece 310 to shrink in size in a predetermined manner. The heat can also reduce bunching in knitted workpiece 310, can reduce slack within stitching in knit element 313, and/or flatten out knitted workpiece 310. Also, as stated above, knit element 313 can include fusible yarns in some embodiments. Therefore, heat from heat source 364 can cause the fusible yarns to partially melt and, upon cooling, the fusible yarns can be attached or bonded to surrounding elements or components. For example, the fusible yarns can attach or bond to other surrounding fusible yarns. The fusible yarns can also attach or bond to respective portions of tensile strands 132 such that tensile strands 132 can be fixed relative to knit element 313.
Next, method 1000 can continue in step 1012 as shown in
As mentioned above, and as shown in
Thus, as shown in
Assuming that the larger upper for the larger foot size 402 is to be formed, skinned workpiece 311 can be trimmed using a trimming tool 368 along first trim line 331. Trimming tool 368 can be a pair of shears as shown. In additional embodiments, trimming tool 368 can be a cutting die or other suitable cutting tool. Once fully trimmed, skinned workpiece 311 can be divided into a first trimmed piece 370 and a first removed piece 372. As shown in the illustrated embodiments, first removed piece 372 can include each of the scallops 366. Thus, scallops 366 can be removed from first trimmed piece 370. Also, as a result of this trimming, first trimmed piece 370 can have a new, trimmed edge 374. This trimmed edge 374 can at least partially define one or more predetermined dimensions of the upper 120 for use in the larger shoe size 402 of
In contrast, if step 1012 of
Additionally, it will be appreciated that trimmed edge 374 of
Referring back to
Finally, as shown in
As stated above, method 1000 can vary from the embodiment illustrated in
Accordingly, method 1000 and the articles constructed using method 1000 can increase manufacturing efficiency. For example, fewer tools, devices, parts, and other implements may be needed since the same tools, devices, parts, and implements can be used to form uppers 120 of different sizes. Also, bottlenecks in forming footwear 100 caused by the knitting process can be reduced since the same knitted workpiece 310 can be used to form two different-sized uppers 120. Additionally, by removing the indentations, scallops 366 or other irregularities causing an uneven edge from knitted workpiece 310 and/or skinned workpiece 311, attaching strobel 128 can be facilitated since the mating edges are more likely to butt up directly together.
While various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, the description is intended to be exemplary rather than limiting, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible that are within the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the present disclosure is not to be restricted except in light of the attached claims and their equivalents. Also, various modifications, combinations, and changes of the features described herein may be made within the scope of the attached claims.
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